iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2021

Abstract: Background: Soft tissue tumours are extremely rare neoplasms. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is being increasingly used for diagnosing soft tissue tumours inspite of its poor sensitivity, specificity and inadequacy. Material& Method: FNAC smears of 62 cases of soft tissue lesions with adequate cellularity (at least 5 clusters of 10 unobscured cells) were reported under the following cytomorphological headings- spindle cell, round cell, pleomorphic, myxoid and lipomatous type, along with benignicity or malignant nature of the lesion.......

Keywords: Cytology, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, soft tissue

[1]. Arul P, Masilamani S. Fine needle aspiration cytology of soft tissue tumors with its histopathological correlation in a rural hospital of South India: A retrospective study. Clin Cancer Investig J 2016;5:146-50, DOI: 10.4103/2278-0513.178066
[2]. Roy S, Manna AK, Pathak S, Guha D. Evaluation of fine needle aspiration cytology and its correlation with histopathological findings in soft tissue tumours. J Cytol 2007;24:37-40.
[3]. Akerman M,Domanski H A. The cytology of soft tissue tumours. In:Orell SR, editor. Monographs in clinicalcytology,16th edn. Basel:Karger Publishers;2003.p 1-5
[4]. Uma P, Rajani K. Limitations in cytodiagnosis- an institutional study. J. Evolution Med. Dent. Sci. 2018;7(04):479-486, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2018/107
[5]. Hajdu SI, Melamed MR. Limitations of aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of primary neoplasms. Acta Cytol 1984;28(3):337-45

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Paraparesis/ plegia is an illness that leads to a debilitating condition that cannot be reversed or cured if mis- diagnosed or left untreated. In our country it is been estimated to be most commonly of infectious origin. Hence, early diagnosis and prompt treatment adjuvanted with modern advances in the field of neurodiagnosis aids in the declined rate of morbidity among affected population.
AIM & OBJECTIVES : To evaluate the etiology of patients with non-traumatic paraparesis. METHODOLOGY: All patient presenting with Paraparesis to Sri Siddhartha Medical College & Hospital,Tumkur were taken for this study after obtaining their informed consent. Univeral sampling study was done within a study period of 2 years. Patients.....

Key Word: Paraparesis, nontraumatic, neurodiagnosis

[1]. Kornegay JN, Paraparesis (Paraplegia), Tetraparasesis (Tetraplegia), Urinary/ Fecal incontinence. Spinal cord diseases. Probl Vet Med. 1991 Sep; 3(3): 363-77.
[2]. Venkatraman S, Dhamija RM, Sanchetee PC et al : Progress in clinical neurosciences 1990; 6(2) :275-297.
[3]. Inderbirsingh : Chap. 18 – Blood supply of Spinal Cord. A Text Book of Human Neuroanatomy, 2nd Edi. 245, 1983.
[4]. Grainger R.G :Diagsnostic Radiology 4th edition : 70 - 91.
[5]. Chaudhary K.L, Kuipati D.D.S. : Paraplegia - Clinical and etiological study. Jour, of the Asso. ofPhy. of Ind., Vol.16, 751-759, 1963.

Abstract: Correction of skeletal class III malocclusion does not always require a Surgical treatment approach, nowadays several options can be offered to the patient in order to avoid surgery. Orthodontic camouflage can be used to correct skeletal class III malocclusion, for certain cases as long as biomechanics involved do not compromise long term stability and integrity of the dental and bone structures. The aim of the present article is to present the case report of an 11-year-old female patient with a horizontal grown pattern and with dental and skeletal class III malocclusion treated with orthodontic camouflage.

Key words: Class lll, surgery, dental compensation;

[1]. Avalos-González Gabriela Margarita,* Paz-Cristóbal Alejandra Noemí**. (2014). Maloclusión Clase III. Revista Tamé, 3, 279-282.
[2]. Mariscal-García Karla Yeraldy, Vázquez-Estrada Hugo Alberto, Hernández-Carvallo José Ramón. (2015). Tratamiento ortodóncico-camuflaje de paciente clase III esquelética con ausencia de canino superior. Revista Mexicana de Ortodoncia, 3, 146-204.
[3]. Gualán-Cartuche Leonardo Patricio, Sigüencia-Cruz Valeria, Bravo-Calderón Manuel Estuardo. (2015). Maloclusión de clase III, tratamiento ortodoncico. Revisión de la literatura. Revista Latinoamericana de Ortodoncia y Odontopediatría.
[4]. Pabón-AM, Aristizábal-LM, Hernández-JA (2011). Tratamiento de la Maloclusión Clase III en el paciente pediátrico. Reporte de caso Revista de Odontopediatría Latinoamericana Volumen 1, No. 2.
[5]. Macías-Villanueva Tania Gisela*, González-Martínez María Edith**, Rivas-Gutiérrez Rafael*** (2018) Tratamiento temprano de Maloclusión Clase III con máscara facial de protracción Morales® MINI Revista Latinoamericana de Ortodoncia y Odontopediatría.

Abstract: BACKGROUND UTI causes 5% of the febrile illness in children below 5 years of age. Early diagnosis and treatment is required to prevent long term health hazard like renal scarring and reflux nephropathy. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Whether Nitrite and leukocyte esterase test by dipstick and urine microscopy can give us a clue and start early treatment awaiting urine culture result. MATERIAL METHOD 50 symptomatic children between 1-5 years of age are compared with 50 asymptomatic ones and tested for dipstick, microscopy and culture. Data analysis.......

Key words:Urinary tract infection DIPSTICK examination of urine, Routine urine microscopy

[1]. Taneja N, Chatterjee SS, Singh M, Sivapriya S, Sharma M, Sharma SK et al. Validiity of quantitative unspun urine microscopy,dipstick test, leukocyte esterase and nitrite tests in rapidly diagnosing urinary tract infections. J Assoc Physicians India 2010; 58:485-7.
[2]. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Committee on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection. The diagnosis, treatment and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics, 103 (1999), pp.843-852.
[3]. Adeleke SI, Asani M O and Nwokedi. Assessment of leukoesterase dipstick test in the diagnosis of childhood urinary tract infection. AFR.J.CLIN.EXPER.MICROBIOL 10(1):10-14.
[4]. Gabrielle J Williams, Petra Macaskill, Siew F Chan, Robin M Turner, Elisabeth Hodson, Jonathan C Craig. Absolute and relative accuracy of rapid urine test s for urinary tract infection in children a meta-analysis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2010 April 10 (4): 240-250.
[5]. Walter LJM Deville, Jois C Y zemans, Nico P vnD uijin, P Dick Bezme, Danielle AWN van der Windt, Lex M Bouter. The urine Dipstick test useful to rule out infections, a meta analysis of the accuracy. BMC Urology June 2004; 4:4V.

Abstract: According to the World Health Organisation Consultation on Child Abuse Prevention, child sexual abuse (CSA) is the involvement of a child in sexual activity that he or she does not fully comprehend, is unable to give informed consent to, or for which the child is not developmentally prepared and cannot give consent, or that violates the laws or social taboos of society [1]. Certain factor make CSA highly unique and chief of these is that physical force is rarely used but that the perpetrator tries to manipulate the child's trust [1]. Also, it is universally accepted that children are more sexually abused by people that they know or trust such as; family members, neighbours, authority figures than they are abused by strangers [1,2]. A perpetrator will groom the child over time and frequently the sexual abuse occur as repeated episodes over several weeks or years in locations that are familiar to the child [1]. While most data come from adults......

[1]. World Health Organisation. Guidelines for medico-legal care for victims of sexual violence. Geneva. WHO. 2003 [cited 2020 July 07]. Available from; http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/publications
[2]. Adeleke NA, Olowookere AS, Hassan MB, Komolafe JO, Asekun-Olarinmoye EO. Sexual assault against women at Oshogbo southwestern Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2012; 15:190-3.
[3]. World Health Organisation. Guidelines for medico-legal care for victims of sexual violence. Geneva. WHO. 2003 [cited 2020 August 21]. Available from; http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/publications
[4]. Chinawa JM, Ibekwe RC, Ibekwe MU, Obi E, Mouneke VU, Obu DC, et al. Prevalence and pattern of sexual abuse among children attending Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State. Niger J Paed. 2013; 40(3): 227 –31
[5]. Enobakhare E, EromonP, OhenhenV, Odiko D. Prevalence and pattern of rape in children and young persons in a Specialist Hospital in Benin City, South-South, Nigeria.Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2018; 17 (10): 69-76.

Abstract: The objective of this review is to familiarize the dentists and orthodontists with the different methods of maxillary expansion. It undertakes a literature review of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) as well as the recently introduced method of mini-screw assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE). The contemporary literature with the help of 3D imaging helps answer the questions on how the skeletal and dental effects of mini-screw rapid palatal expansion compare to the effects of conventional rapid palatal expansion. In addition, the modification of expansion protocols such as alternate maxillary expansion and constriction, slow expansion are also covered in this review. The modifications of expansion appliances such as AMEX appliance and modification of MARPE appliances such as unilateral MARPE (U-MARPE) for the correction of unilateral posterior crossbite have been explained in this review.

Key Word: Mini-screw Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE); Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE); Bone-anchored Maxillary Expansion; Alternate Rapid maxillary Expansion and Constriction (Alt-RAMEC); Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT); Airway

[1]. Palomo JM, Yang C, Hans MG. Clinical Application of Three-Dimensional Craniofacial Imaging in Orthodontics. J Med Sci 2005; 269-78
[2]. Janssen KI, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Sandham A. Skeletal anchorage in orthodontics--a review of various systems in animal and human studies. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008;23(1):75-88
[3]. Sugawara J, Daimaruya T, Umemori M, et al. Distal movement of mandibular molars in adult patients with the skeletal anchorage system. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125(2):130-138. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.02.003
[4]. Chang J, Mehta S, Chen PJ, Upadhyay M, Yadav S. Correction of open bite with temporary anchorage device-supported intrusion. APOS Trends in Orthodontics. 2019;9(4):246-251
[5]. Suzuki H, Moon W, Previdente LH, Suzuki SS, Garcez AS, Consolaro A. Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander (MARPE): the quest for pure orthopedic movement. Dental Press J Orthod. 2016;21(4):17-23.

Abstract: Background: Physical inactivity not only increases the risk of NCDs and health expenditure but also reduces work place productivity. There were limited studies conducted among the faculties regarding willingness to join physical activity programs. Hence, this study is conducted to assess the willingness to join physical activity program among medical faculties. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 143 faculties of a teaching hospital in Imphal, Manipur between November and December, 2019. A pretested structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. Data was summarised using descriptive statistics. Chi square test was applied to check association between variables and a p value of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: 52% of the participants were female......

Keywords: Physical activity, Willingness, Faculty

[1]. World Health Organization: Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health - Diet and physical activity: a public health priority. 2012. Available at: http://www.who.int /dietphysicalactivity/en. Accessed on 28th November, 2019.
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[3]. WHO - Global Action Plan 2018-2030. Available at: https://www.who.int/ publications-detail/global-action-plan-on-physical-activity-2018/E2/80/932030. Accessed on 24th November, 2019.
[4]. Liu L, Shi Y, Li T, Qin Q, Yin J, Pang S, et al. Leisure time physical activity and cancer risk: evaluation of the WHO recommendation based on 126 high-quality epidemiological studies. Br J Sports Med. 2015;50:372-8.
[5]. Aune D, Norat T, Leitzmann M, Tonstad S, Vatten LJ. Physical activity and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol. 2015;30:529-42.

Abstract: Background: Recent report suggests a new trend of psychoactive substance abuse among the youths.1 Cocktail of candies and beverages, methylated spirit and soda, Tramadol, "Lacatomtom", "Msquared", "Skoochies", "Omi Gutter", "Ginko", and other lethal cocktail of beverages, drugs and candies, food additives and soft drinks are gradually taking over from earlier documented substances of abuse.1, 2, 3 These materials appear harmless but on a closer evaluation of their abusers, varying degrees of poor school functioning (school absenteeism, poor academic performance, and even outright drop-out), deteriorating physical health and increase rate of psychopathology will be observed.....

[1]. Ijediogor G, Ezea S, Awodipe T, Diamond M, Ekemezie H. Drug addiction among the youth: A ticking time bomb. Guardian Saturday Magazine. April 7, 2018. https://m.guardian.ng/Saturday-magazine/drug-addiction-among-the-youth-a-ticking-time-bomb. (Accessed on 22/3/2020)
[2]. New Drug Abuse Discovery. Available at https://msquarenewsonline.wordpress.com /2019/11/30/new-drug-abuse-discovery-tom-tommaggi-lacasera-drink-mixture-have-higher-effects-of-intoxication-than-real-hard-drugs-or-alcohol/amp/
[3]. Usman E. Drug abuse: NDLEA raises alarm over discovery of 796 new substances Vanguard Health News. January 18, 2018.
[4]. Available at https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/01/drug-abuse-ndlea-raises-alarm-over-discovery-of-796-new-substances/
[5]. Sue D, Sue DW, Sue S, Sue DM. Understanding Abnormal Behaviour.11th ed. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Company.2016; 5-9..

Abstract: Bilateral renal angiomyolipoma is a rare entity. It is a benign renal tumor, which consists of variable proportions of adipose tissue, smooth muscle cells and vascular tissue. It is frequently integrated into a hereditary syndrome, in particular tuberous sclerosis also known as Bourneville disease which is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder responsible for the appearance of most often benign tumors (hamartomas) in multiple organs to varying degrees. The clinical symptoms are not specific to it; it can present as a low back pain, hematuria or a palpable mass in the flank. The diagnosis is based on the detection of areas of fat attenuation within the renal mass in an abdominal CT-Scan .We report the case of a 30-year-old patient who presented with a bilateral giant angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis or Bourneville disease complicated by a retroperitoneal hematoma.....

Keywords: Bilateral angiomyolipoma, Tuberous sclerosis complex, Embolisation. Hematoma

[1]. Ciancio SJ, Vira M, Simon MA, Lerner SP, Schulam PG. Giant bilateral renal angiomyolipomas associated with tuberous sclerosis. Urology. 2001;Mar;57(3):554. PubMed Article CAS Google Scholar
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[3]. Bennani S, Dahami Z, Dakir M, el Mrini M, Benjelloun S. Angiomyolipome renal bilateral et sclerose tubereuse de Bourneville: A propos d'un cas. [Bilateral renal angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis: Report of a case]. Ann.Urol.(Paris). 2000;Aug;34 (4):278–282. CAS Google Scholar
[4]. Ben Hamida F, Gorsane I, Gharbi C, Kaaroud H, Barbouch S, Smaoui W, et al. Atteinte renale au cours de la sclerose tubereuse de Bourneville. [Renal manifestations in tuberous sclerosis]. Rev.Med.Interne. 2006;Nov;27 (11):836–842. PubMed Article CAS Google Scholar
[5]. De Luca S, Terrone C, Rossetti SR. Management of renal angiomyolipoma: A report of 53 cases. BJU Int. 1999;Feb;83 (3):215–218

Abstract: Background: Many dental clinics lack the minimum requirements for infection control. Although available preventive guidelines and infection control measures are readily available. This becomes very important during pandemic like COVID-19. Aim: Aim of this study is to assess the level of awareness, perception, and attitude regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and infection control among dentists through web-based questionnaire. Methods: Participants from all over the India consisted of dentists who worked in private clinics, hospitals, and health centers were enrolled. An online.......

Keywords: COVID-19, Coronavirus, Pandemic, Infection control, Awareness

[1]. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. (2020). Accessed: Mar 19, 2020 : https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
[2]. Khader Y, Al Nsour M, Al-Batayneh OB, Saadeh R, Bashier H, Alfaqih M, et al, Perception, and Attitude Regarding COVID-19 and Infection Control: Cross-Sectional Study Among Jordanian Dentists JMIR Public Health Surveill 2020;6(2):e18798
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