iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Midline verticalmass closure techniqueremains a procedure under constant debate that often reflects a surgeon's personal preference and rely mostly on traditional previous experiences.1Midline laparotomy incision for emergency or elective surgeryallowsquick, simple and satisfactory exposure to all quadrants with minimal blood loss.2 Wound hematoma, surgical site infection, gaping, wound dehiscence, evisceration, incisional hernia, sinus formation and hypertrophic scar are some of the common postoperativecomplications. Apart from patient's factor, suture material andmethod of closure are main factor related to these complications. This studycompares the continuous sutures and interrupted x-type sutures in massclosure of midline laparotomy wound in Indian setup.......

Key Words: Continuous suture; X-interrupted suture; Wound dehiscence; incisionalhernia.

[1]. Gandhi JA, Shinde PH, Digarse RD. Evaluation of Abdominal wall Closure technique in emergency laparotomies at a tertiary care hospital. Int Surg J 2016; 3: 1796-1801
[2]. Ellis H. Midline abdominal incision. Br J Obstet Gynecol. 1984;91:1-2.
[3]. Bucknall TE,Cox PJ, Ellis H. Burst abdomen and incisional hernia: A prospective study of 1129 major laparotomies. Br Med J(Clin Res Ed) 1982;284:931-933
[4]. Webeter C, Neumayer L, Smout R,Horn S, Daley J, Henderson W et al Prognostic models of abdominal wound dehiscence after laparotomy.J Surg Res 2003; 109; 130-137
[5]. Gislason H,Viste A closure of brust abdomen after major gastrointestinal operations- comparison of differnt surgical technique and later development of incisional hernia. Eur J Surg 1999;165:958-961

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study is to analyze the change in macular thickness in all its 9 quadrants pre- and post-small incision cataract surgery and to correlate with best corrected visual acuity. METHODS: Macular thickness of patients who underwent uncomplicated small incision cataract surgery were recorded pre-operatively and on post-operative day 1,1-week ,1 month and 3 months using NIDEK RS 3000 OCT Scan. And the BCVA was recorded at the end of 4 weeks and 3 months and macular thickness was correlated with BCVA. RESULT: There was significant increase in macular thickness found in all the 9 quadrants(p<0.0001) at post –operative day 1,1-week ,1 month and return to baseline value at 3 months. There was significant improvement in best corrected visual acuity from preoperative to post-operative 1 month (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Thus, it was concluded that there was significant increase in maular thickness with its peak at 1 month followed by return to baseline value at 3 months. No correlation was found between bcva and macular thickness changes..

[1]. Yilmaz T, Cordero-Coma M, Gallagher MJ. Ketorolac therapy for the prevention of acute pseudophakic cystoid macular edema: A systematic review. Eye. 2012.
[2]. Murthy GVS, Gupta SK, Bachani D, Jose R, John N. Current estimates of blindness in India. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 2005.
[3]. Bowling B. Kanskiʼs Clinical Ophthalmology: A Systematic Approach. Eighth Edition. Cornea. 2016.
[4]. Yonekawa Y, Kim IK. Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2012.
[5]. Sheppard JD. Topical bromfenac for prevention and treatment of cystoid macular edema following cataract surgery: A review. Clinical Ophthalmology. 2016.

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the Knowledge and Attitude towards COVID-19 among dental students.
Materials and Method: An online questionnaire was distributed among undergraduate and postgraduate dental students across country using convenience and snowball sampling. The questionnaire was divided into 4 sections: the 1st one contained demographic information, whereas the 2nd, 3rd and 4th sections assessed knowledge (8 questions), attitudes (6 questions) and attitude towards practices modification (17 questions) of the dental students. The data was subjected to the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), students t-test, multivariate linear regression; 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The analysis was done using IBM SPSS for Windows, v. 21.0.......

Key words: dental students, COVID-19, coronavirus disease, survey, questionnaire.

[1]. Wang, C.,Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G. & Gao G. F. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet 2020:395, 470–473. [2]. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's remarks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on 30 th January 2020(internet)
https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-statement-on-ihr-emergency-committee-on-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov) [3]. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's remarks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on 11 February 2020 [Internet]. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; 2020
[4]. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020 [Internet]. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; 2020.
[5]. Coronavirus disease dashboard. (Internet) World Health Organization (WHO) :2020 https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=Cj0KCQjww_f2BRC-ARIsAP3zarHLuxyr6EWZdnNXJ71B1-4N5iA36GdO83EDcvBz0DRK6uhEBeQGto8aAk7PEALw_wcB

Abstract: The placement of dental implants requires meticulous planning and careful surgical procedures. A combination of a limited bone volume and poor bone quality may lead to less predictable bone apposition and early implant failures. A thorough radiographic assessment is paramount for evaluating these factors and informing patients of their prospects for successful rehabilitation with dental implants. A preoperative radiographic evaluation aims to identify pathological lesions, assess the quantity and quality of the alveolar bone, identify critical structures at the potential implant sites, and determine the orientation of the implants. Bone quantity and quality will influence the choice of implants with respect to their number, diameter, length and type. Many imaging modalities have been reported......

Keywords: Oral Implantology, Orthopantomograph, Intraoral X rays, lateral cephalometry, Occlusal view

[1]. Turkyilmaz I, McGlumphy EA. Is there a lower threshold value of bone density for early loading protocols of dental implants?. J Oral Rehabil 2008; 35: 775–81. [2]. Resnik, RR, Kircos L and Misch CE. Diagnostic Imaging and Techniques. Contemp Clin Dent.2008:38-67.
[3]. Benson BW and Shetty V. Dental Implants, In: Oral Radiology Principles and Interpretation, S.C. White & M. J. Pharoah 2009: 597-612.
[4]. Bragger U. Digital imaging in periodontal radiography. A review. J Clin Periodontol 1988; 15:551-57.

Abstract: Objective: Analyze aspects of the sexuality of female university students, emphasizing on their ages of menarche and first sexual intercourse, as well as the relations with the consequences of both, like unplanned pregnancies, use of birth control methods, number of partners at the beginning of the sex life and the presence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out through data collection of 365 online forms. Statistical analysis of the data was made by IBM SPSS Statistics®, version 20 software......

Keywords: adolescence; menarche; first intercourse; contraception; sexually transmitted diseases.

[1]. Aberastury A, Knobel M. Adolescência normal: um enfoque psicanalítico. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas; 1981.92p. ISBN 978-85-7307-238-9
[2]. Brazil. Ministério da Saúde. Boletim Epidemiológico de Sífilis. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, DCCI, Ano VI, Edição Especial. Brasília, p.09: October 2020
[3]. Brazil. Ministério da Saúde. Boletim Epidemiológico de HIV e AIDS. Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, DCCI, Número Especial. Brasília, pp. 08-11: December 2020
[4]. Kim, H. S., Choe, B. M., Park, J. H., Kim, S. H. Early menarche and risk‐taking behavior in Korean adolescent students. Asia‐Pacific Psychiatry. 2017; 9(3):e12273. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/appy.12273
[5]. Yaya, S., Bishwajit, G. Age at first sexual intercourse and multiple sexual partnerships among women in Nigeria: A cross-sectional analysis. Frontiers in medicine. 2018; 5:171. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2018.00171

Abstract: We present a study of 100 cases of appendicular lump admitted to us in a tertiary level health care set up of Shree M. P. Shah Government Medical College and Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat. We laid down the inclusion and exclusion criteria, made an elaborated surgical proforma, collected various data and analyzed all of them. At the completion of our study we could summarize our data. With our data, we could conclude that for appendicular lump initial conservative management is still having a place and at times it can be considered wiser also. However advancements in instruments and help from imaging can make a surgeon bold enough to operate such patients. A larger study is always welcomed.

Key Words: Appendicular Lump; Appendicitis; Laparoscopic appendectomy; standard appendectomy.

[1]. Inderbir singh. Alimentary system – 2: Gastrointestinal Tract. In: Human Embryology 7th ed. New Delhi: Macmillan: 2001, Pg. N.o.164-185.
[2]. Douglas S. smink, David I. Soybel. Appendix and Appendectomy. In: Micheal J. Zinner, Stanely w. Ashley, editors. Maingot's Abdominal Operations 11th ed. New York: McGraw Hil[; 2007, Pg.No,589 – 612.
[3]. De U, Ghosh S. Acute appendicectomy for appendicular mass: a study of 87 patients. Ceylon Med J. 2002;47(4):117–8.
[4]. Charles V. mann. The vermiform Appendix. In: Charles v. Mann,
[5]. R.C.G. Russell, editors. Bailey and love's short practice of surgery 21st ed. London: chapman and Hall medical: Pg.No. 1194-1214

Abstract: A major public health problem in industrialized world, the prostate cancer, during the last decades of the past 20th century has been contributing to three fourth of the registered cases across the globe (Perin, 2001). Despite earlier diagnosis and smaller tumor volumes, many of the patients with clinically organ confined prostate cancer, found to have extra prostatic disease subsequent to radical prostatectomy. Advanced staging are determined by Gleason score, serum PSA, and clinical staging. Of them Gleason scoring and PSA levels are the most important.

[1]. Hiroki Kuniyasu, et al. Relative Expression of Type IV Collagenase, E-cadherin, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Vascular Permeability Factor in Prostatectomy Specimens Distinguishes Organ-confined from Pathologically Advanced Prostate Cancers Clin Cancer Res. 2000 June;6(6):2295-308
[2]. Aron.P.Putzke et al. Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer and E-Cadherin. American Jourmal of Pathology, 2011 July;179(1):400-10
[3]. Robert O.Peterson, Isabelle A.Sesterhenn, Charles J.Davis, Urologic Pathology, third edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2009.p 451-53
[4]. Robert O.Peterson, Isabelle A.Sesterhenn, Charles J.Davis, Urologic Pathology, third edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2009.p 480-81,86
[5]. Palou J, Morote J. Elevated serum PSA and acute bacterial prostatitis. (Letter). Urology 1990;35:373.

Abstract: Cervical cancer is a significant health care problem worldwide. Cervical cancer ranks as fourth most common gynecological cancer and is mainly related as a result of the effectiveness of screening. As India being a developing country, an easy and low cost screening procedure with good detection rate will play great role in reducing the mortality and morbidity associated with it, one such method is cytologic examination.......

Key words: Pap smear-papanicolaou smear, p/v-per vaginal ,p/s –per speculum

[1]. Shaw's text book of gynecology: Howkins and bourne: 14th edition B L Churchill Livingstone Pvt. Ltd; 2009 (P- 63-75).
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[3]. Kavak et al (1995) "A Randomized comparison of the 3 Papanicolaou smear collection methods". Australian New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 35(4), 446-449.
[4]. John N. Bromham d welsh R (199) " should cotton wool buds be used to take endocervical smear". Journal of obstetrics gynecology 11, 215-217.
[5]. Harrison D D et al (1993) " Endocervical brush versus cotton swab for obtaining cervical smears at a clinic – a cost comparison" J. Reproductive medicine. 38, 285.