iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2021

Abstract: Background: Sleep deprivation is becoming increasingly common in today's society. Epidemiologic data indicates that sleep disturbance and short sleep duration adversely impact human physical health and mortality risk. It increases inflammatory and pro-inflammatory markers due to its potential to influence inflammation and oxidative stress which are the main pathologic mechanisms actually recognised in periodontal disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess if there is an association of sleep deprivation with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: 85 subjects were categorized into 3 groups viz. clinically healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis. Periodontal status of subjects was assessed by gingival index and pocket probing depth. All the study subjects were administered.....

KEY WORDS: Periodontitis, Chronic periodontitis, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, sleep deprivation, inflammatory host response, host immunity, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis

[1]. Zohrabian VM, Abrahams JJ. Inflammatory Diseases of the Teeth and Jaws. Semin Ultrasound CT MRI [Internet]. 2015 Oct 1 [cited 2021 Jun 7];36(5):434–43. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088721711500092X
[2]. Dyke TEV, Winkelhoff AJ van. Infection and inflammatory mechanisms. J Clin Periodontol [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2021 Jun 7];40(s14):S1–7. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jcpe.12088
[3]. Cekici A, Kantarci A, Hasturk H, Dyke TEV. Inflammatory and immune pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Jun 7];64(1):57–80. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/prd.12002
[4]. Linden GJ, Lyons A, Scannapieco FA. Periodontal systemic associations: review of the evidence. J Periodontol [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2021 Jun 7];84(4S):S8–19. Available from: https://aap.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1902/jop.2013.1340010
[5]. Singh VP, Gan JY, Liew WL, Kyaw Soe HH, Nettem S, Nettemu SK. Association between quality of sleep and chronic periodontitis: A case–control study in Malaysian population. Dent Res J [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2021 Jun 7];16(1):29–35. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6340225.

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health care system by diversion of the healthcare resources to the COVID-19 patients. The unavailability of easy commute to the hospital, lack of public transport during lockdown added to the difficulties of the non covid patients who were on treatment requiring regular follow up. Thalassemia major is a hemoglobinopathy requiring regular blood transfusion for survival.COVID-19 restrictions have not only made it difficult for thalassemia major patients to avail health care but has also affected the availability of blood products due to a decline in blood donation. This is a single centre study at a tertiary hospital so as to study the impact of COVID -19 on the care and management of Thalassemia major children......

Keywords: Thalassemia major (TM) ; COVID -19

[1]. Hiscott J, Alexandridi M, Muscolini M, Tassone E, Palermo E, Soultsioti M, et al. The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020;53:1–9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.010.
[2]. Stanworth SJ, New HV, Apelseth TO, Brunskill S, Cardigan R, Doree C, et al. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on supply and use of blood for transfusion. Lancet Haematol 2020;7, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30186-1, e756-e764
[3]. Arcot PJ, Kumar K, Mukhopadhyay T, Subramanian A. Potential challenges faced by blood bank services during COVID-19 pandemic and their mitigative measures: The Indian scenario. Transfus Apher Sci 2020:102877, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2020.102877
[4]. Cao A, Saba L, Galanello R, Rosatelli MC. Molecular diagnosis and carrier screening for beta thalassemia. JAMA 1997;278:1273–7, http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03550150077039.
[5]. Transfusion practices during the COVID-19 pandemic: An experience froma hematology daycare in India Jayastu Senapati a, Mukul Aggarwal Department of Hematology, AIIMS, New Delhi

Abstract: Background: Although the hyperglycemic effects of systemic glucocorticoid therapy are well known, the effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on carbohydrate metabolism is still a subject of debate. The systemic bioavailability of ICS is claimed to be minimal and the side effects are negligible. However, some large retrospective cohort studies showed a definite association between ICS use and incidental diabetes or worsening glycemic control in pre-existing diabetes. There are no professional-body recommended guidelines on the diagnosis and management of steroid-induced diabetes for the general population. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess to the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on glycaemic status in patients with COPD. Methods: After approval of the protocol by IRB and ethical committee, a cross-sectional analytical study was done in the Department of.....

Keywords: Glycaemic, Chronic obstructive, Pulmonary disease, Inhaled corticosteroid, Plasma glucose, Glycaemic status.

[1]. Mannino DM and Buist AS., 2007. Global burden of COPD: risk factors, prevalence, and future trends. Lancet, 370, 765–73.
[2]. Garbe E. et al (2007) Systematic Review: Agranulocytosis Induced by Nonchemotherapy Drugs, Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(9):657-65.
[3]. Allen DB et al., 2006. Effects of inhaled steroids on growth, bone metabolism and adrenal function. Advance in Pediatrics, 53, 101-110.
[4]. Manino D, Thorn D, Swensen A and Holguin F., 2009. Prevalence and outcomes of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in COPD. European Respiratory Journal, 32, 962–9.
[5]. Rana J et al., 2004. Pulmonary disease, asthma, and risk of type 2 diabetes in women.Diabetes Care,27, 2478–84

Abstract: Pain Is 'an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage'. Obligation to manage pain and to relieve the patient's suffering is an important part of a health professional's commitment. This study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy, respiratory depressant effects, and incidence of hypoxemia following administration of butorphanol and morphine intravenously in postoperative patients using a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) device and to study the convenience of use and acceptability of PCA pump amongst our patient groups........

Keywords: Postoperative pain; Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA); Butorphanol; Morphine.

[1]. Taxonomy: Classification of chronic pain, 2nd edition, Edited by Me4skey H, Bogduk N.Seattle, WA: IASP Press; 1994:209-14.
[2]. Sechzer PH. Studies in pain with the analgesic demand system. Anaesthesia Analgesia1971; 18:581-582
[3]. WHD Liv, AR Aitkinhead. Comparision of contemporaneous and retrospective assessment of postoperative surgical pain using the visual analogue scale. British journal of Anaesthesia, 1991; 7:768-771
[4]. Bennett RL, Batenhorst RL, Bivins BA, Bell RM, Graves DA, Foster TS, Wright BD, Griffen WO Jr. Patient-controlled analgesia: a new concept of postoperative pain relief. ANN Surg 1982a; 195: 700-705
[5]. Dahlstrom B,Tamsen A, Paalzow L,Hartvig P. Patient controlled analgesic therapy, part IV : Pharmacokinetics and anaelgesic plasma concentration of morphine. Clinical Pharmacokinetic 1982a;7:266-279

Abstract: Background: Sinonasal polyposis is a chronic disorder with major effects on the quality of life of affected individual. Nasal polyp is a challenge to ENT surgeons because etiology is unknown and pathogenesis is poorly understood and reoccurence is common. The management options for sinonasal polyposis are medical treatment, surgery or combined medical and surgical treatment. Since there are no studies comparing both systemic and topical steroids we have selected this study to evaluate the effect of steriods preoperatively and postoperatively in patients undergoing Function Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for sinonasal polyposis. and we assess the patients using Lund –McKay visual analogue scoring system before and after surgery ,on each follow up and recurrence of polyp.........

Keywords: Nasal polyposis, oral steroids, intranasal steroids, Prednisolone, Fluticasone, recurrence.

[1]. Fokkens, W., V. Lund, and J. Mullol, European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2007. Rhinol Suppl, 2007(20): p. 1-136.
[2]. Zafar U, Khan N, Afroz N, Hasan SA. Clinicopathological study of non‑neoplastic lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2008;51:26‑9
[3]. Himanshu V et al. Importance of CT Scan of paranasal sinuses in the evaluation of the anatomical findings in patients suffering from sinonasal polyposis: Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.2016; 68(2):167-172;
[4]. Satish Nair et al, Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis: A Comparative Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg ( 2011) 63(1):50 -55.
[5]. Ecevit et al.; Effect of Steroids for Nasal Polyposis Surgery. A Placebo- Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Study, Laryngoscope,2015. 125:2041–2045,

Abstract: Background: COVID 19 pandemic challenged the medical colleges to cease face to face classes and switched over to online courses or e-learning. E-learning constitutes electronic devices to disseminate the contents from a teacher to the student. The present study's objectives were to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice towards online classes among second-year MBBS medical students during COVID 19 pandemic in Andhra Medical College. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 120 second year MBBS students of Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, in December 2020. A pre-validated/ semi-structured questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge attitude and practices. Students' responses in knowledge and attitude were collected and rated on a 5-point Likert scale.....

Keywords: Attitude, Online classes, Knowledge, Practice, 2nd-year MBBS students, Visakhapatnam.

[1]. World Health Organization. WHO | Novel Coronavirus – China (WHO, 2020).
[2]. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3.ris
Prospects (2020) 49:91–96 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3
[3]. Rapanta C, Botturi L, Goodyear P, Guàrdia L, Koole M. Online University Teaching During and After the Covid-19 Crisis: Refocusing Teacher Presence and Learning Activity. Postdigit Sci Educ. 2020 Jul 7:1–23. doi: 10.1007/s42438-020-00155-y. Epub ahead of print. PMCID: PMC7339092.
[4]. A Study on Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pharmacology in Second MBBS Students Vijayarani Kannaiyan1 , Deepa Shanmugam2 , K.Jaiganesh3

Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women today. Statistics show that 8 out of 9 women are struggling with this disease. According to the localization and the clinical picture, there are two types, lobar and ductal. The research was conducted mainly on the female population over the age of 45 in the city of Negotino. For the research, was used the method of retrospective study and data from the Periodic and Annual Reports for identified diseases from PHI Polyclinic Zana Negotino and the Reports for Malignant diseases submitted to the PHI CPH-Veles department of statistics. The main goal of this research is to raise the awareness on early detection and early diagnosis of breast cancer. In the municipality of Negotino in the period from 2017 to 2019 a total of 254 patients were treated for malignant diseases........

Keywords: statistics, oncology, cancer, breast.

[1]. Prof. Dr. ZHU Jiha, Oncology with radiotherapy - for general medicine students, 2018
[2]. Prof. Dr. SMICHKOVSKA Snezana, Special Oncology, Breast and Lung Cancer, February 2014
[3]. KINDEV Goran - Handbook for diagnosis and therapy of breast diseases, Maccabee - Skopje 2018
[4]. ARSOVSKI A. MITEV K. MITEVSKI A - Surgical prolapse - University "Goce Delchev" - Stip 2020
[5]. Set of authors - Surgery - book - Belgrade

Abstract: Liver abscess is a serious condition leading to complication if left untreated. Percutaneous catheter drainage is emerged as less invasive modality for abscess management. Aim: To study the outcome of ultrasound guided pigtail catheter drainage of liver abscess Objectives: To study the age and sex distribution of liver abscess To study the clinical manifestations of liver abscess To study Various changes in liver parameters To study size, location of liver abscess To study the microorganisms involved To study the complications after drainage.....

Keywords: .....

[1]. Chang Hun Lee, Hoon Gil Jo, Eun Young Cho, Jae Sun Song, Gum Mo Jung, Yong Keun Cho, Seung Young Seo, Seong Hun Kim, Sang Wook Kim, Seung Ok Lee, Soo Teik Lee, In Hee Kim. 2021. Maximal diameter of liver abscess independently predicts prolonged hospitalization and poor prognosis in patients with pyogenic liver abscess. BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 21:1. . [Crossref]
[2]. Amandeep Goyal, Harpal S. Dhaliwal, Ram V. Nampoothiri, Ripudaman Singh, John Abraham, Rajan Sharma, Rajat Soloman, Shubham Lahan, Preetraj Kaur, Pankaj Bansal, Chiranjiv Singh Gill. 2021. Percutaneous catheter drainage of uncomplicated amoebic liver abscess: prospective evaluation of a clinical protocol for catheter removal and the significance of residual collections. Abdominal Radiology 46:6, 2855-2864. [Crossref]
[3]. Sadhna Bhasin Lal, Vybhav Venkatesh, Aditi Kumar, Neha Anushree, Keerthivasan Seetharaman, Aradhana Aneja, Sreedhara B. Chaluvashetty, Rakesh Sehgal. 2021. Liver Abscess in Children-experience From a Single Tertiary Care Center of North India. Pediatric INFECTIOUS DISEASE Journal 40:5, e179-e184. [Crossref]
[4]. Wolf Bäumler, Marco Dollinger, Janine Rennert, Michael Beutl, Christian Stroszczynski, Andreas Schicho. 2021. Occurrence of spontaneous fistulas detected by contrast filling during computed tomography-guided percutaneous drainage placement of splenic and perisplenic fluid collections. Acta Radiologica 3, 028418512110104. [Crossref]

Abstract: Background: No reflow after primary angioplasty (PPCI) in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) carries worse prognosis. Objectives: To analyze the incidence, predictors and 30 day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in current practice of PPCI using ticagrelor and aspirin . Materials and Methods: STEMI patients undergoing PPCI within 24 hours of onset were classified into group I - with normal post procedural TIMI 3 (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3) flow as controls and group II - with post procedural TIMI ≤ 2 flow (no reflow) as cases and analyzed the variables and outcomes associated with no reflow......

Keywords: ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), Primary percutaneous intervention (PPCI, No reflow,. Prognosis

[1]. Boden WE, Eagle K, Granger CB (2007) Reperfusion strategies in acute STsegment elevation myocardial infarction :a comprehensive review of contemporary management options. J Am Coll Cardiol 50(10):917–929.
[2]. Schwartz BG, Kloner RA; Coronary no reflow: 2012 ;52 (4) 873- 883.
[3]. Kenner MD, Zajac EJ, Kondos GT, et al. Ability of the no reflow phenomenon during an acute myocardial infarction to predict left ventricular dysfunction at one-month follow-up. Am J Cardiol.1995;76:861-868.
[4]. Choo EH, Kim PJ, Chang K, et al. The impact of no-reflow phenomena after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a time-dependent analysis of mortality. Coron Artery Dis. 2014;25:392–398.
[5]. 5. Magro M, Nauta ST, Simsek C, Boersma E, van der Heide E, Regar E, et al. Usefulness of the syntax score to predict no reflow in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2012; 109:601–606.

Abstract: When ionizing radiation passes through tissues result in damage to DNA mainly through the effects of free radicals. Damage to DNA results in immediate cell death or at next mitosis or result in permanent changes in genotype (mutation) which transmitted to future generation cells. Low dose radiation is more likely to cause changes in genotype since it will be below the level of cell death. Radiation exposure can be under following heads.....

Keywords: Ionising radiation, Mutation.

[1]. Canadian Cancer Society. Cancer Statistics at a Glance [Web page, Quebec focused] Toronto, ON: Canadian Cancer Society; 2019. [Available at: https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-101/cancer-statistics-at-aglance/?region=qc; cited 1 October 2019] [Google Scholar]
[2]. Lalani N, Cummings B, Halperin R, et al. The practice of radiation oncology in Canada. Int J RadiatOncolBiol Phys. 2017;97:876–80. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.11.055. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[3]. Citrin DE. Recent developments in radiotherapy. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:2200–1. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1608986. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[4]. Bentzen SM. Preventing or reducing late side effects of radiation therapy: radiobiology meets molecular pathology. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006;6:702–13. doi: 10.1038/nrc1950. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[5]. Chaput G, Med CP, Sussman J. Integrating primary care providers through the seasons of survivorship. CurrOncol. 2019;26:48–54. doi: 10.3747/co.26.4687. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
[6]. Takahashi T, Hondo M, Nishimura K, et al. Evaluation of quality of life and psychological response in cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Radiat Med. 2008;26:396–401. doi: 10.1007/s11604-008-0248-5. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]