iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2021

Abstract: Background: Iron deficiency anemia is most common nutritional disorder in the world with higher prevalence in developing countries than developed countries. Study of the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia will be useful if picture of the risk factors that contribute to the development of anaemia are also studied. Iron deficiency anaemia accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. There are numerous countries lacking national prevalence data in school going age group. Also, most survey data including National Family and Health Survey 4 in India, are related to the three population groups: preschool age children, pregnant women and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Hence to determine the clinical profile and severity of iron deficiency anaemia among children aged 5-10 years, we conducted a study in a urban multispeciality.......

Keywords: Iron deficiency anaemia , anaemia , prevalence , 5-10 years

[1]. Nelson W, Kliegman R, Stanton B. Nelson textbook of pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphie: Elsevier; 2016;2,455:2309.
[2]. Best C, Neufingerl N, van Geel L, van den Briel T, Osendarp S. The Nutritional Status of School-Aged Children: Why Should We Care?. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 2010;31(3): 400-417.
[3]. Benoist B, McLean E, Egli I, Cogswell M. World-wide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008 p. 7.
[4]. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. National Family and Health Survey 4. Mumbai: International Institute for Population Sciences; 2016 p. 6
[5]. Sahana R., GR Halli Ramachandrappa R, Rudramurthy P, Reddy K. Risk factors for iron deficiency anemia among school going children in urban south bangalore, india. Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 2014; 02(20).

Abstract: Background: Significant abdominal solid organ injuries are present in most of blunt injury abdomen, of which 80-90% injuries are due to Road Traffic Accidents, fall from height, assaults which leads to mortality and morbidity Solid abdominal organs like liver, spleen, kidney are most commonly injured in blunt injury abdomen and its management will be challenging in deciding operative and non operative or conservative management .In that operative management is required only in 30 to 35% of blunt injuries abdomen. Recently there has been major shift to non operative management of solid organ injuries from operative management in hemodynamically stable and selected patients......

Keyword: Grade 3 splenic injury, conservative management, operative management

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[3]. Miller PR, Croce MA, Bee TK, et al: Associated injuries in blunt solid organ trauma: Implications for missed injury in nonoperative management. J Trauma 2002; 53:2.
[4]. Devlin HB, Evans DS, Birkhead JS: The incidence and morbidity of accidental injury to the spleen occurring during abdominal surgery. Br J Surg 1969; 56:446.
[5]. Nagy KK, Roberts RR, Joseph KT, et al: Experience with over 2500 diagnostic peritoneal lavages. Injury 2000; 31:479.

Abstract: Background: Ocular trauma is one of the most common causes of ophthalmic morbidity and monocular blindness worldwide. The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical presentation of closed globe injuries and to determine the final visual outcome of closed globe injuries after treatment. Materials and methods: This was a hospital-based prospective longitudinal study conducted over 24 months at RIMS, Manipur, India. A total of 102 patients of closed globe injuries were included in the study. All patients underwent complete eye examination. Findings were analysed by proper statistical methods using SPSS software version 21(IBM)......

Key word: closed globe injury, ocular trauma, clinical presentations, visual outcome

[1]. Desai P, MacEwen CJ, Baines P, Minassian DC. Incidence of cases of ocular trauma admitted to hospital and incidence of blinding
outcome. Br J Ophthalmol 1996;80(7):592-6.
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Abstract: Introduction: In the present study has been made to study the association between sub-clinical hypothyroidism and biliary stone disease and establish if there is any clinical correlation between these two diseases. Previously described that thyroid hormone are having a number of effects on cholesterol metabolism. In hypothyroidism serum cholesterol values rises which in turn leads to super saturation of bile with cholesterol, leading to gallbladder hypo motility, decreased contractibility and impaired filling, giving rise to prolonged residence and flow capacity of bile in the gallbladder. These events may contribute to the retention of cholesterol crystals, thereby allowing sufficient time for nucleation and continual growth into mature gall stones........

[1]. Sakorafas GH, Milingos D, Peros G. Asymptomatic cholelithiasis: is cholecystectomy really needed? A critical reappraisal 15 years after the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Digestive diseases and sciences. 2007 May 1;52(5):1313-25.
[2]. Matsumura T, Komatsu S, Komaya K, Fukami Y, Arikawa T, Saito T, Osawa T, Kurahashi S, Uchino T, Kato S, Toda Y. Dual common bile duct examination with transcystic choledochoscopy and cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for suspected choledocholithiasis: a prospective study. Surgical Endoscopy. 2020 Jul 9:1-8.
[3]. Tandon RK. Prevalence and type of biliary stones in India. 2000 Jul 3(2000 年 03):4-5
[4]. Andreini JP, Priggi WF, Ma C, Gebbard RL. Vesicles and mixed micelles in hypothyroid rat bile before and after thyroid treatement; evidence for a vesicle transport system for biliary cholesterol secretion. J Lipid Res 1994; 35:1405-12.
[5]. Donovan J M. Physical and metabolic factors in gallstone pathogenes is. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1999;28:75-97

Abstract: Background: Improving the well being of infant and children is an important public health goal. Their well being determines the health of next generation and can help predict future public health challenges for families, communities and health care system. Methods: A semi structured, pretested interview schedule was administered for obtaining the socio-demographic details and data related to infant illness and associated barriers for not availing the services. Results: It is encouraging to observe that, 95.2% infants were fully immunized for age. Migration to other place followed by unawareness were the main reasons for non or partial immunization.ARI was the most common illness......

Keywords: Health care services, Infants, Delhi

[1]. Paul VK, Sachdev HS, Mavalankar D, Ramachandran P, Sankar MJ, Bhandari N et al. Reproductive health, and child health and nutrition in India: meeting the challenge. Lancet. 2011;377(9762):332-49.
[2]. World health statistics 2016 –Monitoring Health for SDGs [Internet].2016 [cited 2017 Mar20].Availablefrom:http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2016/whs2016_AnnexA_ChildMortality.pdf
[3]. MoHFW, GOI. A strategic approach to reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (RMNCH+A) in India. New Delhi: Ministry of health and family welfare, GOI;2013.18p.
[4]. National Family Health Survey-4 [Internet]. 2015-16 [cited 2017 Apr 5]. Available from: http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf
[5]. District Level Household Survey [Internet]. 2002-04 [cited 2017 Apr 7]. Available from: http://rchiips.org/pdf/rch2/National_Report_RCH-II.pdf

Abstract: Human hydatid disease or cystic echinococcosis (CE) is parasitic disease of world-wide distribution and is endemic in sheep rearing areas including the Indian subcontinent. It is caused by the parasite, Echinococcus granulosus a cestode that lives in the small intestine of dogs and other canines. The most common site of occurrence of hydatid cysts in humans is the liver followed by the lungs. They are asymptomatic in most cases and discovered accidentally on a routine abdominal ultrasound or an ultrasound performed for diagnosing other pathologies. The hepatic hydatid cyst therapy is multimodal, including medical, surgical, and, lately, minimally invasive techniques. We report a case of calcified hepatic hydatic cyst which was managed surgically

Keywords: Zoonoses, Hydatid cyst, Echinococcus granulosis, hepatic cyst

[1]. cystic echinococcosis: a case series and review of literature, Am J Surg 194:313–316, 2007.
[2]. Agayev RM, Agayev BA: Hepatic hydatid disease: Surgical experience over 15 years. Hepatogastroenterology 55:1373–1379, 2008.
[3]. Krige J, Beckingham IJ: Liver abscesses and hydatid disease. In Beckingham IJ, editor: ABC of liver, pancreas, and gallbladder, London, 2001, British Medical Journal Publishing Group, pp 29–32.
[4]. Kayaalp C, et al: Distribution of hydatid cysts into the liver with reference to cystobiliary communications and cavity-related complications, Am J Surg 185:175–179, 2003a.
[5]. Avgerinos ED, et al: Clinical presentations and surgical management of liver hydatidosis: our 20 year experience, HPB (Oxford) 8:189– 193, 2006

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: In TB patients and population controls multiple studies demonstrated contradictory findings in vitamin D intake. Moreover the prevalence of vitamin D in household TB contacts in India has not been examined in any previous study. MATERIAL & METHODS: It was a Hospital based comparative, Case control study conducted From June 2019 to October 2020. Group 1: Newly confirmed cases of tuberculosis (Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary) in wards and OPD of Department of General Medicine, King George hospital, Visakhapatnam. Group 2: Apparently healthy attenders of non-Tuberculous patients in wards and OPD of Department of General Medicine, King George....

Keywords: Tuberculosis, vitamin D levels, deficiency

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[2]. Fact sheet-Tuberculosis: Geneva: World Health Organization; 14-oct-2020. Available at:-https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis
[3]. Nardell EA. Environmental control of tuberculosis. Med Clin North Am. 1993;77:1315–34. doi: 10.1016/S0025-7125(16)30196-1.
[4]. Borkow G, Weisman Z, Leng Q, Stein M, Kalinkovich A, et al. Helminths, human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis. Scand J Infect Dis. 2001;33:568–71
[5]. Kramnik I, Dietrich WF, Demant P, Bloom BR. Genetic control of resistance to experimental infection with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:8560–5..

Abstract: Background: The life of a complete denture wearer is abruptly paralyzed by the sudden fracture of the denture which is of utmost necessity for his/her day to day routine life. Despite the high frequency of denture fracture, there is surprisingly little discussion of the subject in the literature. In this article an attempt is made to propose a classification system based on the type of repair possible in different clinical situations of complete denture fractures. Materials and methods: In this study, the data was collected from 350 patients who reported to the department of prosthodontics with fractured complete denture. Along with......

Keywords: Denture repair, Denture fracture, Classification of repairs

[1]. Naik AV. Complete denture fractures: A clinical study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2009;9:14850.
[2]. Jagger DC, Harrison A, Jandt KD. The reinforcement of dentures. J Oral Rehabil 1999;26:185-94.
[3]. Choudhary S. Complete denture fracture – A proposed classification system and its incidence in National Capital Region population: A survey. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2019;19:307-12.
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[5]. Carroll CE, von Fraunhofer JA. Wire reinforcement of acrylic resin prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 1984;52:639-41.

Abstract: Background: In both developed and developing countries, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Also, it is the second main cause of cancer death in women. However, appropriate and successful treatment has a positive effect on the survival rate for a patient with cancer according to WHO's report in 2016. Classification algorithms are frequently used to analyze breast cancer data to predict. The main objective of this research is to identify the best prediction model for breast cancer treatment by using decision tree algorithms. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from the patients' records at the BMC such as patients' ages and stages of the disease. The dataset was 336 patients with malignant and 10 features. Three of the decision tree algorithms were used to develop breast cancer prediction models; the J48, CART, and Random Forest were used as classifiers. This research used......

Keywords: Treatment of Breast Cancer, Decision Tree, Prediction Model, Statistical performance metrics Machine Learning, Breast Cancer

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[4]. Abulkasim MA. The prevalence of breast cancer in Africa and establishment of The Libyan Breast Cancer Registry (Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences).
[5]. Yadav P, Varshney R, Gupta VK. Diagnosis of breast cancer using decision tree models and SVM. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN. 2018 Mar:2395-0056..

Abstract: Background: The sternum is one of the skeleton parts with frequently detected variation in cross-sectional images or autopsy series. The anatomical or congenital variations of the sternum in the anterior chest wall may involve malignancies, injuries or severe traumas. The aim of the study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of anatomical and congenital variations of human dry sternum bones. Methods: This study was carried out on 120 dry human sternum bones irrespective of age and sex at Department of Anatomy, Shahid Nirmal Mahto Medical College, Dhanbad, Jharkhand. All the sternum bones were macroscopically inspected for the anatomical and congenital variations of human dry sternum bones. Photographs of the anatomical and congenital variations......

Keywords: Acupuncture, Stern brae, Sternum, Sternal foramina, Xiphoidalgia

[1]. Fokin AA. Cleft sternum and sternal foramen. Chest Surg Clin North Am. 2000;10:261-76.
[2]. Gray R, Maharajh GS, Hyland R. Pneumothorax resulting from acupuncture. Can Assoc Radiol J. 199;42(2):139-40.
[3]. Taylor HL. The sternal foramen: the possible forensic misinterpretation of an anatomic abnormality. J Forensic Sci. 1974;19(4):730-4.
[4]. Kulkarni R. Multiple sternal foramina with associated anomalies: A case report. Anatomica Karnataka. 2010;4(2):42-45.
[5]. Stark P. Midline sternal foramen: CT demonstration; J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1985;9:489-90.
[6]. Cooper PD, Stewart JH, McCormick WF. Development and morphology of the sternal foramen. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1988;9(4):342-47..

Abstract: The chronic granulomatosis disease is a rare primary immunodeficiency, of genetic origin, characterized by an abnormality in the functioning of one of the five structural subunits of the reduced enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. The result is an inability of the phagocytic cells to inactivate the microorganisms that they have previously phagocyted. This pathology is characterized by repeated bacterial and fungal infections as well as by inflammatory and autoimmune manifestations. We report a case of chronic granulomatosis disease that simulated the diagnosis of recurrent tuberculosis.

Keywords: chronic granulomatosis disease , immunodeficiency, tuberculosis

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