iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2021

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Postoperative pain after below knee amputation cause major impediment to recovery. Most of the patients need opioid analgesics for pain relief which can cause adverse effects in elderly patients. However, regional analgesia with continuous perineural catheter infusion of local anesthetic is effective. This study compares the efficacy of continuous femoral nerve and continuous adductor canal block for post-operative analgesia following below knee amputation. METHODS: 60 patients undergoing below knee amputation were randomly selected in two groups. Group I receiving ultrasound guided continuous femoral nerve infusion and Group II receiving continuous adductor canal infusion at the rate of 5ml/hour (0.2% ropivacaine). The primary outcomes were the VAS scores and rescue analgesics requirements at different time intervals in the first 72 hours. Statistical analyses will be done by SPSS version 21........

KEY WORDS: Continuous femoral nerve block, continuous adductor canal block, post-operative analgesia, below knee amputations.

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[2]. Fisher A, Meller Y. Continuous postoperative regional analgesia by nerve sheath block for amputation surgeryea pilot study.Anesth Analg 1991;72(3):300e3.
[3]. Elizaga AM, Smith DG, Sharar SR, Edwards WT, Hansen Jr ST. Continuous regional analgesia by intraneural block: effect on postoperative opioid requirements and phantom limb pain following amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev 1994;31(3):179e87.
[4]. Lennox PH, Winkelaar GB, Umedaly H, Hsiang YN. A continuous perineural infusion of local anesthetic provides effective postoperative pain management after lower limb amputation. Can J Anaesth 2002;49(6):639e40.
[5]. Katz J. Prevention of phantom limb pain by regional anaesthesia. Lancet 1997;349(9051):519e20

Abstract: Purpose:To compare the results of mini-incision total hip arthroplasty(MITHA) to the conventional posterior approach and evaluate the pros and cons of MITHA. Methods:30 patients with osteoarthritis of the hip underwent total hip arthroplasty using a mini-incision procedure.Comparision to a matched cohort of patients who received the conventional posterolateral approach.The average follow-up was 12 months.Comparision was done with respect to the length of incision,surgical time,intra-operative blood loss,pain requirements,length of hospital stay,need for walking aid,Harris hip score and complications. Results:The length of the skin incision for MITHA,at an average of 9.5 cm,was half that of the conventional approach.Statistically significant differences.......

Keywords: Replacement,arthroplasty,hip,hip prosthesis,treatment outcome,prospective studies;surgical procedure,minimally invasive.

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Abstract: Objective: Describe the socio-demographic characteristics of patients undergoing tubal occlusion test during a fertility screening. Patients and methods: This is a transversal, retrospective and descriptive study. Over 2 years, we have collected 109 patients' files, including epidemiologics settings as follow: age, work, marital status. On the other side tubal lesion were described.The data was collected from the patients files were grouped on a secured file. Statistical analysis was done using the STATA 14 software. Results: The average age of the patients was 33.3 years. Amongst the patients, 69.7% were actively working with a permanent income and 64.2% were living in cohabitation with their partners. Secondary infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease were found in 83.5% and 16% of patients respectively. Bilateral obstruction of the fallopian tube were identifies through hysterosalpingography in 77.1% of patients and through coeloscopy in 65.1%.........

Keywords: Secondary infertility, epidemiology, tubal occlusion

[1]. ZEGERS-HOCHSCHILD F. ; ADAMSON G D.et coll the international committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technology and the World Health Organization revised glossary on ART terminology. Human Reproduction, 2009, 11(24): 2683-87.
[2]. N'GORAN K, N'GOAN-DOMOUA AM,KONAN N,ALIHOUNOU S, TRA-BI O,NGUESSO RD, KEITA A-K. Apport de l'échographie transvaginale associéee à l'hystérosalpingographie dans la recherché étiologique de l'infertilité à Abidjan (côte d 'ivoire). Afr J Reprod Health 2012 ; 16(4) : 43-9.
[3]. MOKOKO J.C, EOUANI L.M.E, BUAMBO G.R.J. Infertilité secondaire du couple :aspects épidémiologiques et cliniques des patientes à l'hôpital Général de Loandjili de pointe noire (République du Congo). Médecine d'Afrique Noire 2021, 2(68) :99-104.
[4]. PFEIFER S, REINDOLLAR R, SOKOL R. Role of tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril2015; 103:e37-43.
[5]. TORRE A, POULY J-L, WAINER B. Le bilan anatomique de la femme du couple infecond. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 2010 ;39 : S34-44.

Abstract: Introduction : Attitude towards dental care plays a vital role in determining the oral health of an individual. Understanding patient's attitude will enable dentist's to transform their perception to more conservative or preventive treatment. The present study aimed to assess the attitude of dental patients towards tooth fillings among SouthIndian population. Material and Methods :The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,…………….., Hyderabad. An eight-item, six- point Likert scale attitude questionnaire was utilizedfor this study. The participants were explained about the purpose of the study and Informed consent was taken. Details like Age, Gender, Educational status and history of previous tooth fillings were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS soft ware. P< 0.05 was statistically significant.
Results :The overall mean attitude scores......

Keywords: Attitude, Tooth fillings, Dental Health, India, Educational qualification

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[2]. Kendra Cherry. Attitudes and Behavior in Psychology. [Updated on May 03, 2020]. Available from www.verywellmind.com
[3]. Doshi D, Reddy BS, Kulkarni S, Karunakar P. Self-reported attitudes and beliefs towards dental care among a South Indian population. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2014;12(2):125-31
[4]. Källestal C, Dahlgren L, Stenlund H. Oral health behaviour and self-esteem in Swedish children. SocSci Med. 2000; 51(12):1841-9.
[5]. Devraj CG, Eswar P. Association Between Socio-demographic Factors and Dental Service Utilization AmongPeopleVisiting a Dental College Hospital in India- A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Stomatol 2011;2(4):212-15.

Abstract: We report a 16-year-old female patient diagnosed 2 months ago with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, hospitalized with anasarca, who also presented a progressive and painless decrease in visual acuity in both eyes for 1 and a half months of evolution, for which she was evaluated in the department of Ophthalmology at a third level Pediatric Hospital in Quito – Ecuador, where she comes through with signs compatible with Purtscher like retinopathy in both eyes in the posterior pole.

Key words: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, decrease, visual acuity, Purtscher like retinopathy, posterior pole.

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Abstract: Background: Dental caries, gingival and periodontal diseases remain major public health problems worldwide. The burdens of oral diseases are higher in poor populations in both developed and developing countries. This study was conducted to enhance the preventive oral health care and increase the motivation in children by using natural herbal-based mouth rinses to decrease dental caries.
Materials and methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, the sample consisted of 28 children range 7 to 12 years old where they were randomly allocated into four groups of 7 patients each, Group A received licorice extract mouthwash, Group B received stevia extract mouthwash, Group C received thyme extract mouthwash and Group D received Chlorohexidine mouthwash as a control group. A baseline pre-rinse saliva samples were collected for evaluation of pH......

Key Word: Chlorhexidine; Dental caries; Licorice; Stevia; Thyme; Streptococcus Mutans; Mouth rinse

[1]. Dhamo B, Elezi B, Kragt L, Wolvius EB, Ongkosuwito EM. Does dental caries affect dental development in children and adolescents? Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2018;18(2):198-205. doi:10.17305/bjbms.2018.2841
[2]. Rosema NAM, Stoeken JE, Timmerman MF, van der Velden U, Versteeg PA, van der Weijden GA. Inhibition of "De Novo" Plaque Formation With 0.12% Chlorhexidine Spray Compared to 0.2% Spray and 0.2% Chlorhexidine Mouthwash. J Periodontol. 2007;78(5):899-904. doi:10.1902/jop.2007.060089
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[5]. Brookes ZLS, Bescos R, Belfield LA, Ali K, Roberts A. Current uses of chlorhexidine for management of oral disease: a narrative review. J Dent. 2020;103(July). doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103497

Abstract: Background: Medical ethics are integral to all clinical encounters and public health interventions, and a foundation in medical ethics is essential for students to become virtuous doctors. Ethics teaching has been shown to have a profound influence on medical professionals' attitudes towards patients. Knowledge of biomedical ethics is acquired mostly during the undergraduate training. It is important to identify deficiencies of students and/or professionals on ethical issues and arrange sensitization and at times, appropriate training to tackle them. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the medical students at a teaching institute in Central India. Students of final year part 1 were the study participants for the present study. A self administered structured questionnaire with questions about various aspects of ethics and source of the knowledge was used to collect data. Analysis was done with epi info software.......

Keywords: Medical Ethics, Knowledge, Students, Cross sectional, India

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mineral bone disorder (MBD) is an important complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are limited data on the pattern of MBD in Indian CKD population. The aim of this study was to describe spectrum of MBD in patients with CKD in our center.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a hospital based cross-sectional observational study of CKD‑mineral and bone disorder (CKD‑MBD) over a period of 1 years. The biochemical markers of CKD‑MBD, namely, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and 25‑hydoxyvitamin Vitamin D3 (25OHD), were measured in newly diagnosed CKD Stage 3–5 and prevalent CKD 5D adult patients. RESULTS: A total of 76 patients of CKD Stage 3–5D were studied. The frequency of various biochemical abnormalities was hypocalcemia (40.7%), hyperphosphatemia.......

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, hyperparathyroidism, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, mineral bone disorder

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Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global health crisis. The clinical characteristics, disease progression and outcome in children and young adults appear significantly milder compared to older individuals. Many countries including India have witnessed a two-wave pattern in reported cases of coronavirus disease-19. Empirical data show that the characteristics of the effects of the virus do vary between the two periods. Many paediatric patients showed Covid like symptoms, but tested RTPCR (Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) negative for COVID-19 both in first as well as second wave. We selected this study as very few studies have been conducted comparing the epidemiology and clinical characteristic of suspect paediatric patient admitted in both wave.....

Key Words : Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Epidemiology, ICMR, SARI

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Abstract: Background Malignant otitis externa is a infective condition of the ear, where the morality rate is very high if not treated promptly. Its not a malignant disease. But the name is malignant because of high mortality rate in the past. It is found most commonly in the uncontrolled diabetic patient and in the patient with low immunity status. It needs prompt management planning in the form of investigation, medical and surgical treatment. In the present study we have shown different types of treatment and prognosis in our set up..

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Abstract: Debate among orthodontists still exists in regard to the optimal time to initiate orthodontic treatment. Few prefer to treat during adolescent age whereas others intervene in the mixed dentition period. Dr. Charles Tweed in 1963 stated that "In other words, knowledge will gradually replace harsh mechanics and, in the not too distant future, the vast majority of orthodontic treatment will be carried out in the mixed dentition period of growth and development prior to the difficult age of adolescence."
The main objective of orthodontic treatment is to minimize the amount of treatment and achieve maximum benefit for each patient, which becomes significant with early treatment......

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