iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2022

Abstract: The ever-changing profiles of human diseases in mankind's history have not left dentistry untouched. The improving oral health status of populations, people keeping teeth for longer has brought impressive benefits, but at the same time has created awareness of other oral and dental health problems. Following the decline of dental caries, the management of periodontal diseases gained priority, and other, painful dental problems, such as dentin hypersensitivity stepped forward. Little attention has been paid to scientific research and practical management of this condition. Dentin hypersensitivity has been discussed in the dental literature to explain 'the sensitiveness of dentin and described fluid movement in the dentinal tubules. This has brought a change in the attitudes of dental researchers and practitioners concerning dentin hypersensitivity.

Key words: Dentine, Hypersensitivity, Desensitization, Pain, Dentinal fluid, Laser Clinical Significance: Dentin hypersensitivity can be controlled by various desensitizing agents

[1]. Flynn J, Galloway R, Orchardson R. The incidence of 'hypersensitive' teeth in the West of Scotland. J Dent 1985;13:230-6.
[2]. Addy M, Mostafa P, Newcombe RG. Dentine hypersensitivity: The distribution of recession, sensitivity and plaque. J Dent 1987;15:242-8.
[3]. Fischer C, Fischer RG, Wennberg A. Prevalence and distribution of cervical dentine hypersensitivity in a population in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. J Dent 1992;20:272-6.
[4]. Taani DQ, Awartani F. Prevalence and distribution of dentin hypersensitivity and plaque in a dental hospital population. Quintessence Int 2001;32:372-6
[5]. Rees JS, Jin LJ, Lam S, Kudanowska I, Vowles R. The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in a hospital clinic population in Hong Kong. J Dent 2003;31:453-61.

Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important, chronic, non-communicable epidemic disease that affects world including, India and anemia is one of the common complication seen in CKD. Study aimed to assess the transferrin saturation and serum ferritin concentration among the patients with CKD. Methodology: The present Prospective Observational study is conducted on patients with diagnosed chronic kidney disease. The study was performed on the out patients and also inpatients admitted in General Medicine Department, Basaveshwara Teaching and General Hospital attached to Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College Kalaburagi. Total of 100 patients aged more than 18yrs of either gender with diagnosed CKD were included in the present study......

Key words: Anemia, Chronic kidney disease, Ferritin, Transferrin saturation

[1]. Lok CE, Huber TS, Lee T, Shenoy S, Yevzlin AS, Abreo K, et al. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Vascular Access: 2019 Update. Vol. 75, American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. United States; 2020. p. S1–164.
[2]. Gupta S, Uppal B, Pawar B. Is soluble transferrin receptor a good marker of iron deficiency anemia in chronic kidney disease patients? Indian J Nephrol. 2009 Jul 1;19:96–100.
[3]. Strippoli GFM, Craig JC, Manno C, Schena FP. Hemoglobin targets for the anemia of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(12):3154–65.
[4]. Obrador GT, Roberts T, St. Peter WL, Frazier E, Pereira BJG, Collins AJ. Trends in anemia at initiation of dialysis in the United States. Kidney Int. 2001;60(5):1875–84.
[5]. Hsu C-Y, McCulloch CE, Curhan GC. Epidemiology of anemia associated with chronic renal insufficiency among adults in the United States: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13(2):504–10.

Abstract: Background: A successful cholecystectomy is characterised by the correct identification and closure of the cystic duct. When inflammatory changes obscure the anatomy, achieving this closure is difficult. Subtotal cholecystectomy allows for near-complete gallbladder removal and complete evacuation of the stones while avoiding dangerous dissection. Case presentation: A 50-year-old male with acute cholecystitis, scheduled for emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The dissection was impossible during the surgery visualising the Calot's triangle due to adhesions. A decision to remain laparoscopic and....

Key words: Acute cholecystitis; Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy; Laparoscopic partial cholecystectomy; Difficult cholecystectomy; Difficult gallbladder

[1]. Antoniou SA, Antoniou GA, Koch OO, Pointner R, Granderath FA. Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(46):17626-17634. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i46.17626.
[2]. Strasberg SM. Avoidance of biliary injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2002;9(5):543-547. doi: 10.1007/s005340200071.
[3]. Elshaer M, Gravante G, Thomas K, Sorge R, Al-Hamali S, Ebdewi H. Subtotal cholecystectomy for "difficult gallbladders": systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Surg. 2015;150(2):159-168. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2014.1219.
[4]. Ashfaq A, Ahmadieh K, Shah AA, Chapital AB, Harold KL, Johnson DJ. The difficult gall bladder: Outcomes following laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the need for open conversion. Am J Surg. 2016;212(6):1261-1264. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.09.024.
[5]. Sabour AF, Matsushima K, Love BE et al. Nationwide trends in the use of subtotal cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. Surgery. 2020;167(3):569-574. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2019.11.004..

Abstract: The incidence of instrument fracture is a common complication during endodontic treatment. The fragment compromises chemo-mechanical cleaning, shaping and 3D obturation of the root canal system. On the other hand, attempts at removing the instrument may result in excessive dentin sacrifice, predisposition to vertical root fracture, perforation, ledge formation, etc. The present review aims to examine the some of the biomechanical problems and risk factors which may be result of separated instrument removal. For this purpose, we analyzed 53 full-text articles and one textbook, published in the time period 1986-2021 year. It emphasizes the importance of preoperative dentin thickness evaluation. Changes in the original design of the canal are taken into account with reference to their impact on the biomechanical integrity of the tooth..

Key words: separated instrument, removal, dentin thickness, complication, biomechanics

[1]. Ruddle, Clifford J. "Nonsurgical retreatment." Journal of Endodontics 30.12 (2004): 827-845.
[2]. Madarati, Ahmad A., Mark J. Hunter, and Paul MH Dummer. "Management of intracanal separated instruments." Journal of endodontics 39.5 (2013): 569-581.
[3]. McGuigan, M. B., C. Louca, and H. F. Duncan. "The impact of fractured endodontic instruments on treatment outcome." British dental journal 214.6 (2013): 285-289.
[4]. Simon, Stephane, et al. "Influence of fractured instruments on the success rate of endodontic treatment." Dental update 35.3 (2008): 172-179.
[5]. Nagai, O., et al. "Ultrasonic removal of broken instruments in root canals." International endodontic journal 19.6 (1986): 298-304..

Abstract: Aim : The aim of this is to evaluate the effects on vitrectomy with inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique versus vitrectomy with complete ILM peeling(standard macular hole surgery) for large macular hole diameter greater than 400 micron. Design : A prospective,randomized clinical trial Participants : patients with macular holes larger than 400 micron were included. In group A,75 eyes of 75 pateints underwent standard macular hole surgery with complete ILM peeling. in group B,75 eyes of 75 pateints underwent inverted ILM flap technique....

[1]. Ito Y, Terasaki H, Takahashi A, Yamakoshi T, Kondo M, Nakamura M. Dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance after internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular holes. Ophthalmology. 2005;112(8):1415–20.
[2]. Michalewska Z, Michalewski J, Nawrocki J. Continuous changes in macular morphology after macular hole closure visualized with spectral optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch ClinExpOphthalmol. 2010;248(9):1249–55.
[3]. Wong D, Steel DH. Free ILM patch transplantation for recalcitrant macular holes; should we save some internal limiting membrane for later? Graefes Arch ClinExpOphthalmol. 2016;254(11):2093–
[4]. Michalewska Z, Michalewski J, Nawrocki J. Continuous changes in macular morphology after macular hole closure visualized with spectral optical coherence tomography. Graefes Arch ClinExpOphthalmol. 2010;248(9):1249–55.
[5]. Michalewska Z,Michalewska J,Adelman RA,Nawrocki.inverted internal limiting membrane technique for large macular hole;Ophthalmology.2010 oct,117(10):2018-25.doi 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.02.011.Epub2010 jun 11.PMID:20541263.

Abstract: We report the case of a 63 year-old patient with a six month history of headaches and deteriorating vision. He presented to the ophthalmic emergency for decreased visual acuity, complaints about ptosis of the eyelid in the left eye, evolving for 2 days, as well as diplopia at the binocular vision, with no other associated signs......

Key words: Oculomotor nerve (III), binocular diplopia, planum sphenoidale meningioma

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Abstract: Background : Covid associated Rhino orbital cerebral Mucormycosis is comonly seen in second wave of covidin patients with uncotrolled diabetes, or imunicompromised patients. It can be treated successfully with systemic amphotericin B and surgical debridement of necrotic tissues ,Systemic amphotericin B has a lots of side effects like fever, shivering, hypotension, hypoxia, arrhythmia and mainly nephrotoxicity. There is need for early diagnosis and surgical debridement of necrotic tissues while keeping in mind the toxic effects of systemic amphotericin B and its interaction with anaesthetic agents. Postoperative ICU is important due to comorbidities and......

Key words: Anesthetic management; Biomarkers, ICU stay,Morbidity &Mortality in Covid mucormycosis, Rhino-orbito-cerebral(ROC) mucormycosis

[1]. Werthman-Ehrenreich A (2020) Mucormycosis with orbital compartment syndrome in a patient with COVID-19. Am J Emerg MedS0735–6757(20):30826–30833.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.032
[2]. Radulesco T, Verillaud B, Be´quignon E et al (2020) COVID-19 and Rhinology, from the consultation room to the operating theatre. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 137(4):309–314
[3]. Khan MM, Parab SR (2020) 0.5% povidone iodine irrigation in otorhinolaryngology surgical practice during COVID 19 pandemic. Am J Otolaryngol. 41(6):102687
[4]. Chakrabarti A, Das A, Mandal J. The rising trend of invasive zygomycosis in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Med Mycol. 2006;44(4):335–342.
[5]. JHU CSSE Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases: https://arcg.is/0fHmTX (accessed on 14th June, 2021)..

Abstract: Background Video laryngoscopes are recently used for their superiority over conventional oral intubation techniques in last 2-3 yrs. We evaluated the suitability of 2 different video largoscopes with non channel blade(,King Vision & True view)for Endotracheal intubation. Aims & Objectives: The present study evaluates and compares the efficacy of these two VLs for tracheal intubation based on the primary outcomes POGO and ease of intubation and secondary outcomes CL grading, IDS score,Time to intubation and successful placement of ETT......

Key words: kingsvision videolaryngoscope, Truview videolaryngoscope, videolaryngoscopes, Intubation

[1]. Kaplan MB, Ward DS, Berci G (2002) A new video laryngoscope-an aid tointubation and teaching. J Clin Anesth, 14:620–626
[2]. Bharadwaj A, Khurana G, Jindal P. Cervical spine movement and ease of intubation using truview or McCoy laryngoscope in diffi cult intubation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2016;41:987-993.
[3]. Gaszynska E, Gaszynski T. Truview EVO2 and standard macintosh laryngoscope for tracheal intubation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A comparative randomized crossover study. Med (United States). 2014;93:1-6.
[4]. Anand L, Palta S, Timanaykar R. A randomized controlled study to evaluate and compare Truview blade with Macintosh blade for laryngoscopy and intubation under general anesthesia. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011;27:199.
[5]. McNarry AF, Patel A. The evolution of airway management-new concepts and conflicts with traditional practice. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119:i154-166..

Abstract: Psychiatric morbidities frequently co-occur with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Psychosocial and immunological correlates of quality of life in patients of RA were assessed including perceived stress, coping pattern. Method: A cross-sectional study on patients of RA attending the Rheumatology Centre was conducted at a tertiary care research and referral hospital for duration of 02 years involving data collection between Jan 2014 to Jan 2015 after obtaining approval by concerned authorities.....

[1]. Niewold TB, Harrison MJ, Paget SA. Anti-CCP antibody testing as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians. 2007;100(4):193-201.
[2]. and KDD, El-Gabalawy H. Pathogenesis and prevention of rheumatic disease: focus on preclinical RA and SLE. Nature reviews Rheumatology. 2014;10(4):212-28.
[3]. Deane K. Can Rheumatoid Arthritis Be Prevented? Best practice & research Clinical rheumatology. 2013;27(4):467-85.
[4]. Nielsen SF, Bojesen SE, Schnohr P, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated rheumatoid factor and long term risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective cohort study. BMJ : British Medical Journal. 2012;345:e5244.
[5]. Chandrashekara S. C-reactive protein: An inflammatory marker with specific role in physiology, pathology, and diagnosis. Internet Journal of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology. 2014;2(S1).

Abstract: Background: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is the utilization of non-ionizing light sources for therapeutic outcomes. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) usually accompanies by a wide variety of symptoms that could be painful and/or include dysfunctional jaw conditions. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has increased its interest as a treatment modality for the TMD as a non-surgical intervention during the past few years, mainly because of its easy application and the positive scientific evidence on pain reduction. The current review aims to collect the evidence, based on the literature, to evaluate the use of lasers on TMD symptoms and in specific the use of PBMT.....

Key words: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD), Photobiomodulation Therapy, Low-level laser therapy, Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

[1]. Anders JJ, Lanzafame RJ, Arany PR. Low-level light/laser therapy versus photobiomodulation therapy. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2015; 33(4): 183-184.
[2]. Okeson JP. Orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis,and management. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co; 1996.
[3]. Carlsson GE, LeResche L. Epidemiology of temporomandibulardisorders. In: Sessle, B J, Bryant, PS, Dionne, RA, editors.Temporomandibular disorders and related pain conditions,progress in pain research and management. Vol 4. Seattle: IASPPress; 1995. p. 211-26.
[4]. Stohler CS. Clinical perspectives on masticatory and relatedmuscle disorders. In: Sessle BJ, Bryant PS, Dionne RA, editors.Temporomandibular disorders and related pain conditions,progress in pain research and management. Vol 4. Seattle: IASPPress; 1995. p. 3-29. Muscle disorders. In: Sessle BJ, Bryant PS, Dionne RA, editors.Temporomandibular disorders and related pain conditions,progress in pain research and management. Vol 4. Seattle: IASPPress; 1995. p. 3-29.
[5]. Cetiner S, Kahraman SA, Yücetaş S. Evaluation of low levellaser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibulardisorders. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24(5):637-41. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2006.24.637

Abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Poor nutrition after gastrointestinal surgery is a major problem in post operative care. Our study is aimed to investigate the efficacy of starting early oral feeding (EOF) after gastrointestinal surgeries. METHODS : A prospective cohort study was conducted in 120 patients who undergone elective gastrointestinal surgeries in the department of General surgery,RIMS , Ranchi from January 2021 to December 2021. 55 patients were assigned to early oral feeding group and 65 patients received late oral feeding(LOF). Post operative endpoint were compared between these groups.....

Key words: Early oral feeding (EOF), Late oral feeding(LOF), Gastrointestinal surgeries, Postoperative complications

[1]. El Nakeeb A, Fikry A, El Metwally T, Fouda E, Youssef M, Ghazy H, et al. Early oral feeding in patients undergoing elective colonic anastomosis. Int J Surg 2009 Jun;7(3):206- 209.
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[3]. Tian J, Chen JS. Nutritional status and quality of life of the gastric cancer patients in Changle County of China. World J Gastroenterol 2005 Mar;11(11):1582-1586.
[4]. Attar A, Malka D, Sabaté JM, Bonnetain F, Lecomte T, Aparicio T, et al. Malnutrition is high and underestimated during chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer: an AGEO prospective cross-sectional multicenter study. Nutr Cancer 2012;64(4):535-542.