iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2022

Abstract: Transverse vaginal septum is one of the rare anomalies of the female reproductive tract. This is a case report of a 12 year old girl who presented with lower abdominal pain and hematocolpos. Rectal examination revealed a smooth pelvic mass. MRI showed transverse vaginal septum. Surgical resection of the septum was done along with split skin grafting. Postoperative vaginal dilatation was done to prevent restenosis.

Key words: Transverse vaginal septum, uterine anomaly, imperforste hymen, primary amenorrhea

[1]. Jain N, Gupta A, Kumar R, Minj A. Complete imperforate tranverse vaginal septum with septate uterus: A rare anomaly. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2013;6(1):74-7
[2]. Opoku BK, Djokoto R, Owusu-Bempah A, Amo-Antwi K. Huge abdominal mass secondary to transverse vaginal septum and cervical dysgenesis. Ghana Med J. 2011;45:174–6
[3]. Ribeiro1 SC, Yamakami LY, Tormena RA, Pinheiro Wda S, Almeida JA, Baracat EC. Septate uterus with cervical duplication and longitudinal vaginal septum. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2010;56:254–6
[4]. Blanton E.N., Rouse D.J. Trial of labor in women with transverse vaginal septa. Obstet. Gynecol. 2003;101(5 Pt 2):1110–1112.
[5]. Sardesai SP, Dabade R, Chitale V. Double Cross Plasty for Management of Transverse Vaginal Septum: A 20-Year Retrospective Review of Our Experience. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2015;65(3):181-185. doi:10.1007/s13224-014-0542-3

Abstract: Background: Asthma has an estimated prevalence of 20% of children and adolescents, being the most common chronic disease of childhood. Its consequences compromise the quality of life, are associated with an increase in psychiatric disorders, the number of hospitalizations, and school absenteeism, thus being considered an important public health problem. Objectives: perform screening for emotional and psychosocial disorders in children and adolescents with asthma by applying the Pediatric Symptoms Checklist. Method: it was an epidemiological cross-sectional study.....

Key words: Child. Adolescent. Asthma. Mental Disorders. Surveys and Questionnaires

[1]. Pizzichini MMM, Carvalho-Pinto MR, Cançado JED, Rubin AS, Cerci Neto A. Cardoso AP, et al. 2020 Brazilian Thoracic Association recommendations for the management of asthma. J Bras Pneumol. 2020; 46 (1): 1-16.
[2]. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention 2021. [Acesso 16 de dez de 2021]. Avaliable from: www.ginasthma.org
[3]. Khreis H; De Hoogh K, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. Full-chain health impact assessment of traffic-related air pollution and childhood asthma. Environment Internacional. 2018;114: 365-375.
[4]. Neto HJC, Solé D, Camargos P, Rosário N A, Sarinho EC, Chong-Silva DC, et al. Diretrizes da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria para sibilância e asma no pré-escolar. Arq Asma Alerg Imunol.2018; 2(2): 163-208.
[5]. Ramos BG, Martins TBD, de Castro MEPC. Prevalência da asma nas regiões do Brasil: uma revisão sistemática. Brazilian Journal of Health Review. 2021; 4(3): 11341-11359

Abstract: Placenta percreta is an rare form of placenta accreta spectrum, a life-threatening complication. The increased frequency of placenta accreta spectrum has been associated with liberalised use of Cesarean section. This is a case report of 22 weeks pregnant women with previous two lscs presented with hematuria and diagnosed as placenta percreta and underwent hysterotomy with hysterectomy and cystostomy and internal artery ligation and aortic clamping was done to reduce the bleeding. A multidisciplinary approach was needed in successful management of this patient..

Key words: Placenta percreta, aortic clamping, internal artery ligation

[1]. Jauniaux, E., Ayres-de-Campos, D., Langhoff-Roos, J., Fox, K. A., Collins, S., & FIGO Placenta Accreta Diagnosis and Management Expert Consensus Panel (2019). FIGO classification for the clinical diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 146(1), 20–24.
[2]. Riteau, A. S., Tassin, M., Chambon, G., Le Vaillant, C., de Laveaucoupet, J., Quéré, M. P., Joubert, M., Prevot, S., Philippe, H. J., & Benachi, A. (2014). Accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. PloS one, 9(4), e94866. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094866
[3]. Author: Robert M Silver, MD, Section Editors: Deborah Levine, MD;Lynn L Simpson, MD, Deputy Editor: Vanessa A Barss, MD, FACOG https://www.uptodate.com/contents/placentaaccreta-spectrumclinical-features-diagnosis-and-potential-consequences?csi=a688506b713c-481a-9ba8-35d874f1fb81&source=contentShare
[4]. Baughman, W. C., Corteville, J. E., & Shah, R. R. (2008). Placenta accreta: spectrum of US and MR imaging findings. Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc, 28(7), 1905–1916. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.287085060
[5]. Timmermans S, van Hof AC, Duvekot JJ. Conservative management of abnormally invasive placentation. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2007;62:529–539..

Abstract: Microbial communities formed in root canals of teeth constitute the heart of the infected root canal ecosystem, and yet their establishment and development remains challenging to measure and predict. Biofilms are dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and represent a protected mode of growth that allows cells to survive. Although there is an initial understanding on the mechanisms of biofilm formation in root canals and its associated resistance to clinical antimicrobial regimens, this topic is still under investigation. A greater understanding of biofilm processes should lead to novel, effective control strategies for endodontic biofilm control and a resulting improvement in patient management.

[1]. De Paz LE, Sedgley CM, Kishen A. The Root Canal Bio lm.
[2]. Rotstein I, Ingle JI, editors. Ingle's endodontics. PMPH USA; 2019 Jun 1.
[3]. Jhajharia K, Parolia A, Shetty KV, Mehta LK. Biofilm in endodontics: a review. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry. 2015 Jan;5(1):1.
[4]. Dufour D, Leung V, Lévesque CM. Bacterial biofilm: structure, function, and antimicrobial resistance. Endodontic Topics. 2010 Mar;22(1):2-16.
[5]. Ramachandran Nair PN. Light and electron microscopic studies of root canal flora and periapical lesions. J Endod 1987;13:29-39.

Abstract: Background: A previous meta-analysis of community-based survey of data collected from 1997 – 2017, showed an increase in prevalence of diabetes in Nigeria from 2.2% to 5.77%. The highest prevalence was seen in the South South and South East states of Nigeria. There is need for a more recent study to ascertain progression of diabetes prevalence in these geopolitical zones. Method: Data of casual fasting and random blood sugar assessed from blood collected from subjects, attending mobile clinics held in 10 (ten) different communities....

Key words: Diabetes, Rural, Nigeria

[1]. Akinkugbe OO, Editor. Non communicable diseases in Nigeria, final report of National Survey. Lagos. Federal ministry of Health and Social Services.1997. p.64-90.
[2]. Uloko AE, Musa BM, Ramalan MA, Gezawa ID, Puepet FH, Uloko AT et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta a n a l y sis. D i a b e t e s T h e r. (2 0 1 8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-018-0441-1.
[3]. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels, Belgium; International Diabetes Federation.
[4]. International Diabetes Federation. (IDF) Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium: 2021. https://www.diabetesatlas.org.
[5]. Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, Malanda B, Karuranga S, Unwin N et al, On behalf of the IDF Diabetes Atlas Committee. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 N o v; 1 5 7: 1 0 7 8 4 3. d o i: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107843.

Abstract: Background: Induced hypotension associated with balance anaesthesia minimise blood loss& provide olegamic field. Dexmedetomidine , clonidine are α2-adrenoceptor agonists emerging as preferred choice present era.. Aims& objectives: The aim of the study is to compare hemodynamic stability and sedation under Dexmedetomidine infusion vsersus clonidine infusion during FESS. Material & Methods: After proper councelling and written informed.....

Key words: Dexmedetomidine , clonidine ,ENT surgeries, general anaesthesia, olegamic field.

[1]. Norman Friedman, M.D. et al Tympanoplasty,UTMB, Department of otolaryngology,June 9,1999
[2]. Sarmento KM Jr, Tomita S. Retroauricular tympanoplasty and tympanomastoidectomy under local anesthesia and sedation. Acta Otolaryngol. 2009 Jul;129(7):726-8.
[3]. Kumari I, Naithni U, Bedi V, Gupta S, Gupta R, Bhuie. Comparison of clonidine versus Midazolam in monitored anesthesia care during ENT surgery-A prospective, double blind, randomized clinical study. Anaesth Pain & Intensive Care 2012;16(2): 157-64.
[4]. Hall JE, Uhrich TD, Barney JA, et al. Sedative,amnestic, and analgesic properties of small-dose Dexmedetomidine infusions. Anesth Analg 2000;90:699-705.
[5]. Edussuriya B, Goonasekera CD, Rajapakse M, Rajapakse VP, Jayasooriya D. Middle ear surgery under local anaesthesia and sedation. Ceylon Med J 1997;42:75-7

Abstract: Background: Digital games, a winning combination of gaming with exercise, known as exergames, can improve youths' health status. The prevalence of overweight children and adolescents has increased drastically over the past several decades due to physical inactivity and sedentary video gaming. This increase is troubling given the potentially numerous adverse health implications.1 Transforming sedentary video game play into active exergame play could increase caloric expenditure and provide psychosocial and cognitive benefits by increasing self-esteem, social interaction, motivation and visuospatial skills. This article summarizes the literature on exergames, showing the potential of exergames to improve the physical health, as well as transfer effects that may benefit related social, cognitive and academic outcomes

Key words: exergames, youth, calorie expenditure, social development, cognitive development, physical health

[1]. Pirazzini KE , Kraus RM. Exergame Lab- Physiological Response of a Gaming Session with the Nintendo Wii Fit (Exergame) Interactive Video Game. www.exergamelab.org/2010/06/physiological-response-of-gaming.html
[2]. file:///C:/Users/DELL/Downloads/Exergaming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.html
[3]. Lieberman DA. What can we learn from playing interactive games? In: Vorderer P, Bryant J, editors. Playing video games: Motives, responses, and consequences. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; 2006: 379–397.
[4]. McGinnis JM, Gootman JA, Kraak VI. The Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Y outh, Food and Nutrition Board, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Food marketing to children and youth: Threat or opportunity? Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2006
[5]. Barros M , Neves A. Exergames: The role of ergonomics and design in helping to control childhood obesity through physical and functional exercise program. Work. 2012; 41: 1208-1211.

Abstract: Structurally, prostate is a chest nut shaped organ around proximal urethra. Histologically BPH can be defined as an overgrowth of the epithelial and stromal cells from transitional zone and periurethral area (hyperplasia of stromal and epithelial cells).1 Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the most frequent neoplasm in aging men mostly after age of fifty.2 Incidence of histological BPH could be over 70% at 60 years old and over 90% at 70 years old.3 BPH does not always lead to clinical manifestations. It is a progressive disease and it requires a long period to evolve from earlier tissue alterations......

[1]. Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, Ewing LL. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. J. Urol 1984;132:474-9.
[2]. Garraway WM, Collins GN, Lee RJ. High prevalence of benign prostatic hypertrophy in the community. Lancet. 1991; 338:469. Carter HB, Coffey DS. The prostate: an increasing medical problem. Psotate.1990;16:39.
[3]. Isaacs JT, Coffey DS. Etiology and disease process of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Prostate.1989;2(Supplement):33-50
[4]. Nickel JC, Roehborn CG, O'Leary MP et al. The Relationship between inflammation and Lower Urinary Tracts Symptoms: Examination of Bsaeline Data from the REDUCE Trial. Eur Urol. 2008; 54: 1379.
[5]. Roehrborn CG, Kalpan SA, Noble WD, et al. The impact of acute or chronic inflammation in baseline biopsy on the risk of clinical progression of BPE: Results from MTOPS study. AUA Meeting;2005.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION :The right internal jugular vein is most commonly preferred for securing central venous access. The traditional method of using anatomic landmarks to guide cannulation of right internal jugular vein have yielded various rates of successful access and complications. Thus, ultrasound has been applied to describe the anatomy of the IJV and to evaluate various techniques for percutaneous cannulation. However this facility may not be available in many centres because of the cost. Hence this study is conducted to identify the ideal posture in landmark guided RIJV cannulation. OBJECTIVE :The objective of our study is to establish the optimal position resulting in the largest RIJV diameter, thereby increasing the first pass success rate of IJV cannulation. METHODS :An observational study was conducted in....

Key words: RIJV- right internal jugular vein , 2D- 2 dimensional , various body position, USG- ultrasound guided.

[1]. Reich DL ,Moskowitz DRU , Kaplan JA . Hemodynamic monitoring. Cardiac anaesthesia
[2]. English ICW , Frew RM, Pigott JF, Zaki M .Percutaneous catheterization of the internal jugular vein.
[3]. Armstrong PJ, Sutherland R, Scott DH. The effect of position and different manoeuvres on internal jugular vein diameter size. Acta Anaesthesiol 1994; 38: 229-31.
[4]. Gordon AC, Saliken JC, Johns D, Omen R, Gray RR. US-guided puncture of the internal jugular vein: complications and anatomic considerations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1998;9: 333-8.
[5]. Digby S. Fatal respiratory obstruction following insertion of central venous line. Anaesthesia 1994; 49: 103-104..

Abstract: Sixteen cases of hypothyroidism (4 were male patients) cases found in our retrospective study of CSVT during 2013-2020. Headache, focal seizures, and paresis were the main symptoms observed. Multiple sinuses involvement was in this study. Only 2 patients had well controlled thyroid function.All the cases responded well to anticoagulation apart from thyroxine replacement. No mortality was seen in this sub-group.

Key words: CSVT, Hypothyroidism, Anti-coagulation

[1]. Stam J. Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis: incidence and causes. Adv Neurol. 2003; 92: 225-232.
[2]. Ferro JM, Canhão P, Stam J, Bousser MG, Barinagarrementeria F. Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis: results of the International study on cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (ISCVT). Stroke. (2004) 35:664–70. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000117571.76197.26
[3]. Erem C, Ersoz HÖ, Karti SS, Ukinc K, Hacihasanoglu A, Deger O, et al. Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with hyperthyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest. (2002) 25:345–50. doi: 10.1007/BF03344016
[4]. Erem C. Thyroid disorders and hypercoagulability. Semin ThrombHemost. (2011) 37: 17–26. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1270067
[5]. Canturk Z, Cetinarslan B, Tarkun I, et al.,:Hemostatic system as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid, 2003; 13: 971–7..

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