iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2022

Abstract: The growing awareness and demand for orthodontic treatment among all age groups, as well as the desire for inconspicuous tooth alignment with occlusion correction and esthetics, led to the development of lingual orthodontics. With the invention of lingual orthodontics, malocclusions can be corrected without the device being visible in the mouth. Lingual orthodontics is widely accepted all over the world. With these undetectable appliances, the patient's cooperation and confidence have increased. The lingual orthodontic treatment differs significantly from conventional labial approach in terms of anchorage control, bonding, and biomechanics. The concept of lingual orthodontics has been highlighted in this article..

Keywords: Lingual orthodontics, Conventional labial approach, Esthetics, Biomechanics

[1]. Meier B, Weimer. KB Miethke RR Invisalign patient Profiling. J Oro Fac ortho. 2003;64:352–8.
[2]. Vasumurthy S, SarithaT: Lingual Orthodontics, Indian Journal of Dental Association; 2009;1(1):31-37.
[3]. Pablo Echarri, Lingual orthodontics: patient selection and diagnostic considerations. Semin orthod 2006;12:160-166.
[4]. Kurz C, Swartz ML, Andreiko C:Lingual Orthodontics: A status report: part 2: research and development. Journal of Clinical Orthodontics 1982; 16(11): 735 -740.
[5]. Echarri P. Revisiting the history of lingual orthodontics: A basis for the future. Semin Orthod 2006;12(3):153-59.

Abstract: Background: Ring-enhancing lesions are one of the most commonly encountered neuroimaging abnormalities. Several types of primary and secondary brain neoplasms, such as glioblastomas, low-grade gliomas, brain metastases can also present as ring-enhancing lesions. Widely available imaging techniques, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to detect these lesions. CT is a useful modality in the preoperative evaluation of ring-enhancing lesions of the brain and CT findings correlate well with postoperative histopathological....

Key Word: Computed tomography, Ring enhancing lesion, Brain, Histopathological correlation

[1]. Smirniotopoulos, JG 2007, 'Pattern of Contrast Enhancement in the Brain and Meninges,' RadioGraphic, vol. 27, pp. 525-551.
[2]. Provenzale,, JM, Mukundan, S, Dewhirst, M 2005, 'The role of blood-brain barrier permeability in brain tumor imaging and therapeutics,' Am J Roentgenol, vol. 185, pp.763–767.
[3]. Schwartz, KM, Erickson, BJ, Lucchinetti, C 2006, 'Pattern of T2 hypointensity associated with ring-enhancing brain lesions can help to differentiate pathology,' Neuroradiology, vol. 48, pp. 143–149.
[4]. Takano, S, Kamiyama, H, Tsuboi, K, Matsumura, A 2004, Angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy for malignant gliomas. Brain Tumor Pathol; 21: 69–73.
[5]. Beni-Adani, L, Gomori, M, Spektor, S, Constantini, S 2000, 'Cyst wall enhancement in pilocytic astrocytoma: neoplastic or reactive phenomena,' Pediatr Neurosurg, vol.32, pp. 234–239.

Abstract: Background: In Bangladesh, the prevalence of eclampsia is extremely high approximately 7.9%. Illiteracy, lack of health awareness and education, poor socio-economic conditions, superstitions and social taboos prevent women from seeking medical advices during pregnancy were the main causes behind it. Method: It was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the department of obstetrics & gynecology, Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was from July, 2010 to December, 2010 and the sample size was 200. Result.....

KEY WORDS: Eclampsia, Maternal mortality, Maternal Outcome, Perinatal outcome

[1]. Deley I. Maternal mortality associated with the hypertensive disorder of pregnancy in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Caribbean. Br JObstet Gycecol 1992; 99:547-53.
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[5]. Mahmoudi N, .Graves, SW Solomon CG,etal.Eclampsia: 13 year experiences at a united states tertiary care center.J Women's health Gend-Based Med 1999;8:495-500..

Abstract: Background: Anorectal malformation constitutes one of the commonest congenital anomalies encountered in the newborn. Anorectal malformations include a wide spectrum of defects in the development of the lowest portion of the intestine and urogenital tracts. In every year, single stage correction of anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula is being applied among a good number of patients. But we have not enough research-based data regarding the outcomes, complications and costing of this surgical procedure. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes, complications and costings of the single stage correction of anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of Paediatric Surgery, Mugda Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.....

Keywords: Single stage correction, Anorectal malformation, Rectovestibular fistula, Complication

[1]. Wakhlu, A. K. "Management of congenital anorectal malformations." Indian pediatrics 32.11 (1995): 1239-1242.
[2]. Pratap, Akshay, et al. "One-stage correction of rectovestibular fistula by transfistula anorectoplasty (TFARP)." World journal of surgery 31.9 (2007): 1894-1897.
[3]. Yogesh Kumar Saein and Arvind Sinha, 2002, Two Orifices in the Perineum of a Girl with Imperforate Anus: Possibility of Uterovaginal Agenesis Associated With Rectovestibular Fistula, Journal oh Pediatric Surgery, Vol 37, no 8, pp 1217-1219.
[4]. Sarin, Yogesh Kumar, and Arvind Sinha. "Two orifices in the perineum of a girl with imperforate anus: possibility of uterovaginal agenesis associated with rectovestibular fistula." Journal of pediatric surgery 37.8 (2002): 1217-1219.
[5]. Menon, Prema, and Katragadda Lakshmi Narashima Rao. "Primary anorectoplasty in females with common anorectal malformations without colostomy." Journal of pediatric surgery 42.6 (2007): 1103-1106

Abstract: Introduction: A good intraoperative mydriasis is key to smooth surgery. Release of prostaglandins during surgery induces miosis which can be prevented by adequate use of simple NSAID eyedrops instilled preoperatively. Material and Methods: 120 eyes of 120 patients visiting our regular OPD, who underwent COMPLETE PRE-OPERATIVE EYE examination WITH pupillary diameter of 6mm or more under mydriatics at that time were posted for elective cataract surgery and enrolled for the study......

[1]. Salinas R, Guarieri A, Guirao M, Navarro, Saenz-de-Viteri M. Patient considerations in cataract surgery- the role of combined therapy using Phenylephrine and Ketorolac. Dovepress Journal 2016; 10:1795-1801
[2]. Sarkar S, Mondal K, Roy S, Gayen S, Ghosh A, De R. Comparison of preoperative Nepafenac (0.1%) and Flurbiprofen (0.03%) eyedrops in maintaining mydriasis during small incision cataract surgery in patients with senile cataract: a randomized, double-blinded study. IJO 2015; 47(5):491-5
[3]. Bansal G, Gupta S, Kumar S, Kansal S. Effect of topical Bromfenac with topical Nepafenac in maintaining mydriasis during cataract surgery. D.J.O. 2015; 26:97-100
[4]. Abdelghany, A.A., Alio, J.L. Surgical options for correction of refractive error following cataract surgery. Eye and Vis 1, 2 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-014-0002-2
[5]. Corbett MC, Richards AB. Intraocular adrenaline maintains mydriasis during cataract surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 1994; 78:95‑8

Abstract: Introduction: Ingestion of foreign body (FB) is a major problem, as it is reported to be associated with high morbidity rates. Recommended modality is daily observation with abdominal X-Ray and control of faeces. But sharp foreign bodies which can infiltrate or perforate the bowel wall; must be removed before passing the stomach, as it is reported that 15–35% of them will perforate the bowel, usually around the ileocecal valve. Different factors can be enrolled in the ingestion of FBs. In most cases, the accident could be a result of the tendency to oral exploration and to play as they eat due to natural propensity in young children. Children who after the age of 6 months can put objects.........

[1]. Bloom RR, Nakano PH, Gray SW, Skandalakis JE. Foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract. Am Surg 1986; 52: 618-621.
[2]. Banerjee R, Rao GV, Sriram PV, Reddy KS, Nageshwar Reddy D. Button battery ingestion. Indian J Pediatr.2005;72(2):173-4.
[3]. Uyemura MC. Foreign body ingestion in children. Am Fam Physician. 2005;72(2):287-91.
[4]. Syrakos T, Zacharakis E, Antonitsis P, et al. Surgical intervention for gastrointestinal foreign bodies in adults: a case series. Med Princ Pract 2008; 17: 276-279.
[5]. Gregori D, Scarinzi C, Morra B, et al. the ESFBI Study Group. Ingested Foreign Bodies Causing Complications and Requiring Hospitalization in European Children: Results from The ESFBI Study. Pediatr Int 2010; 52: 26-32.
[6]. Panieri E, Bass DH. The management of ingested foreign bodies in children--a review of 663 cases. Eur J Emerg Med 1995; 2: 83-87.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site involved by lymphoma with the majority being non-Hodgkin type. Although lymphoma can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract, the most frequent sites in order of its occurrence are the stomach followed by small intestine and ileocecal region. Gastrointestinal tract lymphoma is usually secondary to the widespread nodal diseases and primary gastrointestinal tract lymphoma is relatively rare. Marginal zone B cell lymphoma is the most common pathological type of gastrointestinal lymphoma, other variants include diffuse large Bcell , burkitts, mantle cell lymphoma, T cell lymphoma. There...

KEY WORDS: GI lymphoma, ileal lymphoma, situs inversus, primary intestinal lymphoma

[1]. Primary Small Intestinal Lymphoma: A Rare Case Report of Large B Cell Lymphoma Presentation as Intestinal Obstruction – Austin journal of clinical case reports
[2]. Role of immunohistochemistry in lymphoma – Indian journal of medical and paediatric oncology
[3]. Primary lymphoma in small intestine a rare report – Rev Col gastroenterology vol.32 no.1 bogota jan/march 2017.
[4]. Primary gastrointestinal lymphomaPrasanna Ghimire, Guang-Yao Wu, and Ling Zhu – World journal of Gastroenterology vol.17(6);2011Feb14 PMC3042647

Abstract: Introduction: The patients of Vesicovaginal Fistula become extremely disabled because of the physical, psychological and social consequences of urinary leakage. These fistulas usually result from obstructed labour and trauma. Among the different types of fistula, vesicovaginal fistula is the most common globally, and is a major ailment that can cause physical, mental and social complications for both the affected and their relatives. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to observe the outcome of local repair of vesicovaginal fistula through the transvaginal route Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Obs and Gynae, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur.......

Keywords: Vesicovaginal, Vaginal, Fistula, Obstetric

[1] Datta DC. Genital fistula. In: Konar H, editor, Text - book of Gynecology, 4th ed, Calcutta. Central Book Agency, 2003: 385-391.
[2] Mellano EM, Tarnay CM. Management of genitourinary fistula. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2014 Oct 1;26(5):415-23.
[3] Ghoniem GM, Warda HA. The management of genitourinary fistula in the third millennium. Arab journal of urology. 2014 Jun 1;12(2):97-105.
[4] Davila GW, Ghoniem GM, Khater UM. Vesicovaginal fistula. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. London: Springer-Verlag. 2006.
[5] Riley VJ, Spurlock J. Vesicovaginal fistula. EMed WebMD. 2006 Jun 25.

Abstract: Hemorrhagic complications in the aftermath of oral interventions are quite frequent and sometimes constitute a serious issue in stomatology. These situations mainly concern patients who are monitored for cardiovascular pathologies and are on anticoagulants. Although, certain general pathologies have a component on hemostasis and consequently entails a risk of bleeding. These cases require appropriate preparations before any surgery. However, dental bleeding that is difficult to control can be triggered by certain therapeutic procedures and thus lead to the diagnosis of pathologies not known hitherto in certain patients. In this study, we shall report a very rare case of a 32-year-old patient who experienced significant bleeding following periodontal laser surgery and was diagnosed with Scott's syndrome based on various hematological investigations.

Keywords: Laser gingivoplasty – Oral hemorrhage – Phosphatidylserine – Scott's syndrome – Anoctamin6

[1]. Borghetti A, Monnet-Corti V. Gingival recessions in: Periodontal and peri-implant plastic surgery.3rd CDP; 2017. pp. 93-111.
[2]. Professor Annie Bezeaud, Professor Marie-Claude Guillin, Professor Anne-Marie Fischer. Hemostasis and coagulation disorders Diagnostic orientation. THE PRACTITIONER 'S JOURNAL, VOL. 57, FEBRUARY 15, 2007.
[3]. Weiss HJ. Scott syndrome: a disorder of platelet procoagulant activity. Semin Hematol 1994; 31 : 312-9.
[4]. Cortellini P, Bissada NF. Mucogingival conditions in the natural dentition: Narrative review, case definitions, and diagnostic considerations. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45: S190-8.
[5]. Matthieu Fremont, Alice Sabatier, Sébastien Melloul, Virginie Monnet-Corti: Managing gingival recessions RT2 and RT3 in the anterior mandibular sectorClinical Realities 2020. Vol. 31, Non-Series No.1: pp. XX-XX.

Abstract: After decades of working with dentists, the author can sum up. Of the problems that patients' organisms have with poisons of all kinds, a large part comes from dentists. Modern dentistry with its preference for preservation of teeth and an aesthetically beautiful surface seems to be an aberration. It leaves a multitude of toxic substances in the mouth. These negatively affect combined organs. It should be taken into consideration that each tooth is connected to one or more organs or systems. A severe disease of an organ or system does not exist without the associated tooth or its root also having a pathological finding.

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Abstract: Background Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem with an increasing incidence and prevalence, poor outcomes, and high cost. Out-of-pocket payments (OOPs) are as direct payments made by individuals to health care providers at the time of service use. Objective The objective of this study was to estimates the total Out-of-pocket expenditure for the treatment of CKD. Method This was a cross-sectional study over one year duration of CKD out of pocket expenditure estimation. Study sample were purposively selected total 110 respondents who were treated in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Data was collected by semi-structured questionnaire with face to face interview and expenditure voucher. Result....

Key words: Out–of-pocket expenditure, chronic kidney diseases, co- morbidities

[1]. Abraham, G., Varughese, S., Thandavan, T., Iyengar, A., Fernando, E., Naqvi, S.A., Sheriff, R., Ur-Rashid, H., Gopalakrishnan, N. and Kafle, R.K., 2016. Chronic kidney disease hotspots in developing countries in South Asia. Clinical kidney journal, 9(1), pp.135-141.
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