iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2022

Abstract: Background: Many laparotomy may require relaparotomy due to post-operative complication as life-saving procedure. Incidence of relaparotomy and post-operative outcome defers from patient to patient. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the indication of relaparotomy, outcome of the relaparotomy. Methods: Data was collected between October 2019 to October 2021 in Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. Patient's demographics, indication and intra-operative findings of initial surgery and relaparotomy with morbidity and mortality were studied. Patients from department general surgery were included. Consent was taken in a pre-validated form. Results:Total 544 laparotomy were performed out of which 42(7.72%) patients underwent relaparotomies for various complications. Average interval between onset of symptom to initial emergency laparotomy was 2.79 days (..........

Keywords: Burst abdomen, Anastomotic leak, complications, ICU admission, Relaparotomy

[1]. Hasan K C Abdul Aemmah AK A 5 year study on relaparotomy planned and unplanned in Al.Hillah Teaching General Hospital Med.J Babylon,2018;15(1):25-7
[2]. Patel H, Patel P, Shah DK. Relaparotomy in general surgery department of tertiary care hospital of Western India. Int Surg J. 2016;4(1):344.
[3]. Haluk RU, Erdinc K, Haldun K, Ahmet B, Mustafa P, Mehmet AO. Urgent abdominal re-explorations. World J Emerg Surg. 2006;1:10.
[4]. Krivitskii DI, Shuliarenko VA, Babin IA. Indications for relaparotomy. KlinKhir. 1990;1:1821.
[5]. Koirala R, Mehta N, Varma V, Kapoor S, Kumaran V, Nundy S. Urgent redo-laparotomies: patterns and outcome a single centre experience. Indian J Surg. 2015;77(3):195-9..

Abstract: Context: Nursing staffs are the pillar of our health care system. Well-satisfied nursing personnel who are happy at the workplace will positively impact patient health. The aim of the study was to evaluate job satisfaction levels in the nursing staff, identify the factors that promote job satisfaction, and know the factors that promote retention in jobs. Setting and Design: This is a prospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care cancer hospital, over a 1-year duration. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 75 nursing staff working in the hospital. Data was collected from the nursing staff by administrating a structural Questionnaire and through interviews. Results: The study showed that 77.33% of the nursing staff were satisfied with the working conditions. A majority (94.67%) of the nursing staff....

Keywords: cancer, job satisfaction, nursing staff, pay, working conditions, working hours.

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[2]. Hoppock R. Job satisfaction of psychologists. Journal of Applied Psychology 1937;21(3):300–303.
[3]. Aziri B. Job satisfaction: A literature review. Management research and practice 2011;3 (4):77–86.
[4]. Jain R, Kaur S. Impact of work environment on job satisfaction. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publication 2014;4(1):1–8.
[5]. Porter LW, Steers RM, Mowday RT, Boulian PV. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology 1974;59(5):603–609

Abstract: Introduction: Though views of various authors have varied with regards to moderate alcohol consumption, they however agree that excessive alcohol consumption has a deleterious effect on the cardiovascular system. Dyslipidaemia has been implicated as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mild to moderate alcohol consumption is said to be cardioprotective. The cardioprotective effect of alcohol has been debated upon, is it from the ethanol molecule or as a result of the presence of antioxidant in the alcoholic beverages? The study compared cholesterol parameters with daily quantity of alcohol in residents of Rumuekini community dwellers. Method: Forty-one male subjects.......

Key Word: Alcohol, Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Triglycerides, Ethanol.

[1]. The Impact of Alcohol on the Cardiovascular Health Myths and Measures, https://world-heart-federation.org/wp-content/uploads/WHF-Policy-Brief Alcohol.pdf,2022/01/20.[accessed on 20/01/2022]
[2]. Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Breslow JL, Goldhaber SZ, Rosner B, VanDenburgh M, Willett W, Hennekens CH. Moderate alcohol intake, increased levels of high-density lipoprotein and its subfractions, and decreased risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med.. 1993;329:1829-1834.
[3]. Gordon T, Ernst N, Fisher M, Rifkind BM. Alcohol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Circulation. 1981;64(suppl III): III-63-III-67.
[4]. Hulley SB, Gordon S. Alcohol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: causal inference from diverse study designs. Circulation. 1981;64(suppl III):III-57-III-63.
[5]. Haskell WL, Camargo C Jr, Williams PT, Vranizan KM, Krauss RM, Lindgren FT, Wood PD. The effect of cessation and resumption of moderate alcohol intake on serum high-density-lipoprotein subfractions: a controlled study. N Engl J Med.. 1984;310:805-810.

Abstract: Background: Port site infection (PSI), although infrequent in laparoscopic surgeries, is a significant cause of morbidity and discontentment in patients. PSI has a considerable influence in the overall outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the port site infection and its associated risk factors in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted on 178 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomies and followed up for six months postoperatively. Factors such as gender, BMI of the patients.....

Keywords: Port site infection, Surgical site infection, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Cholecystitis

[1]. Richards C, Edwards J, Culver D. Does using a laparoscopic approach to cholecystectomy decrease the risk of surgical site infection? Ann Surg. 2003;237(3):358–62.
[2]. Garner J, Jarvis W, Hughes J. CDC definitions for Nosocomial infections. Am J Infect Control. 1998;16(3):128–40.
[3]. Kumar SS, Babu KD, Grace RD, Anpian JC, Bhaskar M. A Study of Port Site Infections in Laparoscopic Surgeries. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2015;14(4):2279–853.
[4]. den Hoed PT, Boelhouwer RU, Veen HF, Hop WC, Bruining HA. Infections and bacteriological data after laparoscopic and open gallbladder surgery. J Hosp Infect. 1998;39(1):27–37.
[5]. Al-Naser MKH. Port Site Infections After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Int J Med Res Heal Sci. 2017;6(6):132–7..

Abstract: Background: Stoma is a life saving procedure and is an important tool in Surgeon's armamentarium. The aim of this study was to assess the various complications encountered following intestinal stoma surgery. Materials and Methods: A Hospital based prospective observational study was conducted on 47 patients in Department of General Surgery, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh over a period of one year from 1st June 2020 to 31st May 2021. Patients who underwent intestinal stoma construction on emergency and elective basis were included and were followed up for 8 weeks postoperatively. The various complications were documented, analyzed and conclusion was drawn.....

Key Word: Intestinal stoma, Colorectal carcinoma, Peristomal skin condition

[1]. Redha AG, Abdul AY, Hassan A. Intestinal Stomas and their Complications: A Descriptive Study. Basrah Journal of Surgery. 2003;9(1):23-30.
[2]. Shabab H, Viqar A, Sajjad Muhammad K, Waqar Alam J. Ileostomies and colostomies; common reasons and complications of construction: one year study. Professional Med J 2015;22(11):1499-1503.
[3]. Arumugam PJ, Bevan L, Macdonald L, Watkins AJ, Morgan AR, Beynon J, Carr ND. A prospective audit of stomas‐analysis of risk factors and complications and their management. Colorectal Disease. 2003 Jan;5(1):49-52.
[4]. Caricato M, Ausania F, Ripetti V, Bartolozzi F, Campoli G, Coppola R. Retrospective analysis of long‐term defunctioning stoma complications after colorectal surgery. Colorectal Disease. 2007 Jul;9(6):559-561.
[5]. Cottam J, Richards K, Hasted A, Blackman A. Results of a nationwide prospective audit of stoma complications within 3 weeks of surgery. Colorectal Disease. 2007 Nov;9(9):834-838..

Abstract: Introduction: There has been varied views of authors on the benefit of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiovascular diseases. Especially on the heart, moderate alcohol consumption has been said to be cardio protective, however, over time arguments have been on, and this view is being seen as a myth. Despite the arguments for moderate alcohol consumption, all parties agree that excessive alcohol consumption has a deleterious effect on the cardiovascular system. Electrocardiography has been used to evaluate cardiac abnormalities and is the gold standard.....

Keywords: Alcohol, ECG, Electrocardiography, Ethanol, QTC.

[1]. The Impact of Alcohol on the Cardiovascular Health Myths and Measures, https://world-heart-federation.org/wp-content/uploads/WHF-Policy-Brief Alcohol.pdf,2022/01/20.[accessed on 20/01/2022]
[2]. Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Breslow JL, Goldhaber SZ, Rosner B, VanDenburgh M, Willett W, Hennekens CH. Moderate alcohol intake, increased levels of high-density lipoprotein and its subfractions, and decreased risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med.. 1993;329:1829-1834.
[3]. Gordon T, Ernst N, Fisher M, Rifkind BM. Alcohol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Circulation. 1981;64(suppl III):III-63-III-67.
[4]. Hulley SB, Gordon S. Alcohol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: causal inference from diverse study designs. Circulation. 1981;64(suppl III):III-57-III-63.
[5]. Haskell WL, Camargo C Jr, Williams PT,Vranizan KM, Krauss RM, Lindgren FT, Wood PD. The effect of cessation and resumption of moderate alcohol intake on serum high-density-lipoprotein subfractions: a controlled study. N Engl J Med.. 1984;310:805-810

Abstract: HSV Induced acute fulminant hepatitis is a rare and a fatal disease. It is always overlooked as a cause of fulminant hepatitis which delays the diagnosis and treatment leading to fatal outcome. Occurrence of HSV hepatitis is rare in immunocompetent patients and these patients doesn't have mucocutaneous lesions making it difficult to diagnose. HSV Hepatitis has very good response to acyclovir and has proven to be beneficial in treating these patients. But due nonspecific presentation and delay in diagnosis, it often proves fatal.

[1]. Then EO, Gayam V, Are VS, Sunkara T, Gaduputi V. Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis: A Brief Review of an Oft-overlooked Pathology. Cureus. 2019;11(3):e4313. Published 2019 Mar 25. doi:10.7759/cureus.4313
[2]. Farr RW, Short S, Weissman D. Fulminant hepatitis during herpes simplex virus infection in apparently immunocompetent adults: report of two cases and review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Jun;24(6):1191-4. doi: 10.1086/513646. PMID: 9195081.
[3]. Norvell JP, Blei AT, Jovanovic BD, Levitsky J. Herpes simplex virus hepatitis: an analysis of the published literature and institutional cases. Liver Transpl. 2007 Oct;13(10):1428-34. doi: 10.1002/lt.21250. PMID: 17902129.
[4]. TODD RM, O'DONOHOE NV. Acute acquired haemolytic anaemia associated with herpes simplex infection. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 1958 Dec;33(172):524-526. DOI: 10.1136/adc.33.172.524. PMID: 13606887; PMCID: PMC2012308.
[5]. Nath P, Kabir MA, Doust SK, Ray A. Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus: Laboratory and Point-of-Care Techniques. Infect Dis Rep. 2021;13(2):518-539. Published 2021 Jun 2. doi:10.3390/idr13020049.

Abstract: Wide variability in the presentation of leptospirosis often makes it difficult to diagnose, especially in an emergency setup when EKG findings mimic STEMI. We describe a 55-year-old patient, who presented to the emergency room with complaints of typical compressing substernal chest pain for 4 hours duration. He is a chronic smoker and alcoholic with no co-morbidities. Upon general examination, the patient was febrile, not icteric with pulse= 120/minute, BP= 100/70 mm Hg. Other observations were normal. EKG showed significant ST elevations in leads V1- V6, I, aVL. Echocardiography findings showed global hypokinesia with EF: 38%. We suspected extensive anterior wall....

KEYWORDS: Autism spectrum disorders-Dental development-mandibular radio-density

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Abstract: A 48 years old female presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath. She also reported leg swelling, yellowish discoloration of eyes, and easy fatigability for the past month. Upon physical examination, she was found to be lethargic, dyspnoeic, pale with bilateral pedal edema, and altered mental status. She had a pulse rate of 110/min and a BP of 90/60mmHg. Crepitations were heard bilaterally at the base of the lungs. She was treated for heart failure and her hemodynamic status was stabilized. Meanwhile, routine investigations revealed pancytopenia with a reticulocyte count of 0.2%. Further investigations including bone marrow biopsy were ordered to evaluate pancytopenia......

[1]. Khunger JM, Arulselvi S, Sharma U, Ranga S, Talib VH. Pancytopenia is a clinicohaematological study of 200 cases. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2002;45:375–379.
[2]. Elizabeth P, Weinzierl MD, Daniel A, Arber MD. The Differential Diagnosis and Bone Marrow Evaluation of New-Onset Pancytopenia, American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2013; 139(1):9–29.
[3]. Jaume JC, Gardner DG, Shoback DM. Endocrine autoimmunity Greenspan's basic & clinical endocrinology. New York McGraw-Hill Medical. 2007:59–79
[4]. Sanyal, Debmalya Spectrum of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2014; 140(6):710-712
[5]. Aysegul B, Khaled A, Catalina N. Pancytopenia in a Patient With Severe Hypothyroidism: A Case Report. Journal of the Endocrine Society. 2021; 5(Supplement_1):A946–A947.

Abstract: Background: clubfoot also known as Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV)is the most common congenital disorder of foot worldwide, with an incidence of 1-3 of every 1000 live births worldwide. It is characterized by easily seen foot deformities- forefoot adduction, midfoot cavus, hindfoot varus and equinus deformity. If left untreated, it is difficult for the child born with club foot to walk and run properly, and social stigma in neglected cases. Pirani scoring system formulated by DR. Shafique Pirani is a reliable method in assessing the severity of deformity in clubfoot and to diagnose recurrences during bracing protocol. Ponseti method of clubfoot management consists of weekly manipulation and above knee castings, percutaneous achilles tendon tenotomy for residual equinus correction and....

KEYWORDS: Congenital, Idiopathic, CTEV, Ponseti, Foot abduction brace, Bracing protocol.

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Abstract: Inflammatory vasculitis involving large vessels such as Takayasu arteritis might mimic congenital structural heart diseases like aortic hypoplasia in rare cases due to post inflammatory strictures in thoracic aorta and aortic arch main branches. This report demonstrates the importance of history taking, physical examination, and using different imaging modalities for the most accurate diagnosis. Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a granulomatous large and medium arteries vasculitis with unknown etiology which mostly involves the aorta and its main branches. Aortic disease is seen in about 85% of the patients with/without aortic branches involvement....

[1]. Ashwal AJ, Murugaiyan R, Padmakumar R, Reddy R, Rao S. A rare and uncommon association: a case of Takayasu arteritis presenting as typical coarctation of aorta in a pediatric patient. J Ind Coll Cardiol 2016;6:38–40.
[2]. Lupi-Herrere E, Sanchez-Torres G, Marcushamer J, Mispireta J, Horwitz S, Vela JE. Takayasu's arteritis. Clinical study of 107 cases. Am Heart J 1977;93:94–103
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[4]. Mirault T , Messas E . La maladie de Takayasu. Rev Med Int 2016;37(4):223–9 .
[5]. Dagna L ,Salvo F , Tiraboschi M , Bozzolo EP , Franchini S ,Doglioni C ,et al. Pentraxin-3 as a marker of disease activity in Takayasu arteritis. Ann Intern Med 2011;155:425–33

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pharmaco-Penile Colour Doppler Ultrasonography is an important diagnostic tool for evaluation of the vascular mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED). It can be used to determine the integrity of the vascular mechanism and to differentiate between arterial and venous insufficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective analytical observational study was conducted in the Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, Jan Sewa Hospital, Sri Ganganagar. A total of 50 consecutive patients in the age range of 24-70 years presenting with symptoms of ED and undergoing Penile Colour Doppler Ultrasonographic evaluation with the intra-cavernosal injection of 2 ml of papaverine were included in this study.......

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