iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2022

Abstract: Background: In early 2020, a global pandemic (COVID-19) broke out and the nationwide lockdown restrictions to control the spread of disease and flatten the curve have impacted all the aspects of life., severely affected the progress of education in various countries' universities and institutions inevitably medical education, with the halting of lectures, clinical placements and key examinations. Objectives: The objectives of the study include a) to investigate perceptions of medical students on the role of online teaching in facilitating medical education and b) to analyse the comparison of online and onsite theoretical teaching, aiming at providing a reference for college educators to carry out teaching reform. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey study was conducted for a duration of one week in the month of June 2021. The questionnaire is devised.......

Keywords: online teaching learning, onsite teaching, COVID-19, pandemic, medical education. Email Id Corresponding Author: sushmabj1983@gmail.com

[1]. Moss P, Barlow G, Easom N, et al. Lessons for managing high-consequence infections from first COVID-19 cases in the UK. Lancet 2020;395:E46.
[2]. World Health Organisation. WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. [Online] World Health Organisation. Available: http:// www. euro. who. int/ en/ health- topics/ health- emergencies/ coronaviruscovid- 19/ news/ news/ 2020/ 3/ who- announces- covid- 19- outbreak- apandemic.
[3]. Johnson B. PM address to the nation on coronavirus: 23 Mar 2020. [Online] GOV.UK. Available: https://www. gov. uk/ government/ speeches/ pm- address- to- the- nation- on- coronavirus- 23- march- 2020.
[4]. Hancock M. Controlling the spread of COVID-19: Health Secretary's statement to Parliament. [Online] GOV.UK. Available: https://www.gov. uk/ government/ speeches/ controlling- the- spread- of- covid- 19- health- secretarys- statement- to- parliament [Accessed 31 May 2020].
[5]. Stevens S, Pritchard A. Letter to chief executives of all NHS trusts and foundation trusts, CCG accountable officers, GP practices and primary care networks, and providers of community health services. [Online] NHS England and NHS Improvement. Available: https:// www. england. nhs. uk/ coronavirus/ wp- content/ uploads/ sites/ 52/ 2020/ 03/ urgent- next- steps- on- nhs- response- to- covid- 19- lettersimon- stevens. Pdf..

Abstract: Aim: To describe the clinical parameters of urinary stones and investigate the preoperative predictors of sepsis in patients following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods. A retrospective study of patients who underwent PCNL between September 2019 and December 2021 was performed. The patients were divided into the sepsis and nonsepsis groups, their data were compared for further analysis. Results. The multivariate analysis demonstrated....

[1]. Pradère B, Doizi S, Proietti S, Brachlow J, Traxer O. Evaluation of guidelines for surgical management of urolithiasis. J Urol. 2018;199(5):1267–71.
[2]. Kyriazis I, Panagopoulos V, Kallidonis P, Özsoy M, Vasilas M, Liatsikos E. Complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy. World J Urol. 2015;33(8):1069–77.
[3]. Kallidonis P, Panagopoulos V, Kyriazis I, Liatsikos E. Complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy: classification, management, and prevention. Curr Opin Urol. 2016;26(1):88–94.
[4]. Liang X, Huang J, Xing M, et al. Risk factors and outcomes of urosepsis in patients with calculous pyonephrosis receiving surgical intervention: a single-center retrospective study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2019;19(1):61.
[5]. Lorenzo Soriano L, Ordaz Jurado DG, Pérez Ardavín J, et al. Predictive factors of infectious complications in the postoperative of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Actas Urol Esp. 2019;43(3):131–6

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anatomically, cirrhosis is defined as a diffuse condition characterised by fibrosis and nodule formation. It's caused by the fibrogenesis that happens as a result of chronic liver injury. Low levels of serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) are commonly seen in chronic liver disease patients with impaired hepatic biosynthetic capacity. We conducted this study to evaluate the role of lipid profile in a patient with cirrhosis and to examine its link to the severity of cirrhosis due to the high prevalence of chronic liver disease in our nation.....

KEY WORDS: Chronic liver disease, CTP classification, Lipid profile, Severity of liver cirrhosis.

[1]. Seidel D. Lipoproteins in liver disease. Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1987;25:541-51.
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[3]. Makarov VK, Khomeriki SG. Serum lipids as Biochemical manifestations of hepatic alcoholic, viral, and mixed viral-and-alcoholic lesion. Clin Lab Diagn. 2007(5):17-9.
[4]. Mc Intyre N. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins in liver Disease. Gut. 1978;19:526-30.
[5]. Ooi K, Shiraki K, Sakurai Y, Morishita Y, Nobori T. Clinical significance of abnormal lipoprotein Patterns in liver diseases. Inter J Molecule Med. 2005;15(4):655-60.

Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of cancer mortality among women, with over 1 million new cases identified each year, being responsible for 90% of fatalities due to metastasis to distant sites. The aim of this study is to study the role of SIRT1 gene polymorphism in breast cancer. .....

KEY WORDS: ...

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[3]. Zhang XH, Hao S, Gao B, Tian WG, Jiang Y, Zhang S, et al. A network meta-analysis for toxicity of eight chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of metastatic/advanced breast cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7:84533-43.
[4]. Yu J-C, Ding S-l, Chang C-H, Kuo S-H, Chen S-T, Hsu G-C, et al. Genetic susceptibility to the development and progression of breast cancer associated with polymorphism of cell cycle and ubiquitin ligase genes. Carcinogenesis. 2009;30:1562-70.
[5]. Mavaddat N, Antoniou AC, Easton DF, Garcia-Closas M. Genetic susceptibility to breast cancer. Mol Oncol. 2010;4:174-91

Abstract: Background: Patient satisfaction is an important factor to assess the quality of health care services. Measuring patient satisfaction in hospitalized patients will help us to know the quality of care provided by the hospital. This study was conducted with objective to measure the level of patient satisfaction towards the services provided in the inpatient department of a tertiary care hospital of Western Maharashtra.
Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital patients satisfaction level was assessed in 180 patients by PSQ 18 . All patients who had completed at least 48 hours after their admission in the......

KEY WORDS: Patient satisfaction, inpatient department, PSQ 18.

[1]. Mohan R, Kumar SK. A study on the satisfaction of patients with reference to hospital services. Inter J Bus Eco Manage Res. 2011;1:35-42.
[2]. Al-Abri R, Al-Balushi A. Patient satisfaction survey as a tool towards quality improvement. Oman Med J 2014;29:3-7.
[3]. Odhayani AA, Khawaja RA. Patient's satisfaction: insight into access to service, interpersonal communication and quality of care issues. Middle East J Family Med. 2014;12:24-30.
[4]. Ghose S, Adhish V. Patient satisfaction with medical services: A hospital-based study. Health Popul Perspect Issues 2011;34:232-42.
[5]. Donabedian A. The Definition of Quality and Approaches to its Assessment Exploration in Quality Assessment and Monitoring. Volume 1: Health Administration Press, 1980.

Abstract: Background: Non-specific clinico-radiological features often delay confirmatory diagnosis of lung cancer. With the availability of personalized treatment for various histological subtypes of primary lung carcinoma, obtaining pre-treatment tissue diagnosis has become mandatory in suspected lung cancer patients. Out of different methods to obtain sample from pulmonary nodule or mass lesion, CT guided core needle biopsy (CNB) has become the method of choice for diagnosis of lung cancer. Materials and Methods: Total.....

KEY WORDS: Diagnostic modalities, lung lesions, histopathological diagnosis, Histological subtyping of NSCLCs

[1]. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018; 68:394–424
[2]. Anzidei M, Porfiri A, Andrani F, Martino MD, Saba L, Catalano C et al. Imaging-guided chest biopsies: techniques and clinical results. Insights Imaging 2017; 8:419–428
[3]. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Burke AP, Marx A, Nicholson AG. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lyon; International Agency for research on cancer 2015
[4]. Yoshimatsu R, Yamagami T, Tanaka O, Miura H, Tanaka T, Suzuki T et al. Comparison of fully automated and semi-automated biopsy needles for lung biopsy under CT fluoroscopic guidance. Brit J Radiol 2012; 85:208–213
[5]. Cheng TYD, Cramb SM, Baade PD, Youlden DR, Nwogu C, Reid ME. The International Epidemiology of Lung Cancer: Latest Trends, Disparities, and Tumor Characteristics. J of Thorac Oncol 2016; 11(10):1653-71

Abstract: Amid the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, uncertainty exists about the potential for vertical transmission from mothers infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to the foetus in utero. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is still under investigation. In this case series, we aim to demonstrate the occurrence of a foetal inflammatory response syndrome associated with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection resulting in neonatal morbidity. We describe an infant of a SARS-CoV-2–positive mother with varied clinical presentations and elevated levels of inflammatory markers, all of which are consistent with a systemic inflammatory response. The unusual presentations are hypertension with idiopathic hyperkalemia, supraventricular tachycardia and late onset fever and rash. Although all 3 neonates recovered completely from the condition, the exact.....

KEY WORDS: SARS-CoV2, Foetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Supra-ventricular tachycardia, Hypertension, ARDS.

[1]. Benjamin J F Huntley 1, Erin S Huntley, Daniele Di Mascio, Tracy Chen, Vincenzo Berghella, Suneet P Chauhan. Rates of Maternal and Perinatal Mortality and Vertical Transmission in Pregnancies Complicated by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-V-2) Infection: A Systematic Review. Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Aug;136(2):303-312. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004010.
[2]. Dong L, Tian J, He S, et al. Possible vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected mother to her newborn. JAMA. 2020;323(18): 1846–1848
[3]. Alzamora MC, Paredes T, Caceres D, Webb CM, Valdez LM, La Rosa M. Severe COVID-19 during pregnancy and possible vertical transmission. Am J Perinatol. 2020;37(8):861–865
[4]. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020; 395(10226):809–815
[5]. Sam Schoenmakers1 , M.D., Ph.D. Pauline Snijder2 , M.D., Ph.D. Robert M. Verdijk3 , M.D., Ph.D. et al. SARS-CoV-2 placental infection and inflammation leading to fetal distress and neonatal multi-organ failure in an asymptomatic woman. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.08.20110437; this version posted June 9, 2020.

Abstract: Background: Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is the most common form of hypoproliferative anemia encountered in clinics. The ADA and WHO have agreed that HbA1c may be used to diagnose diabetes. Glycated hemoglobin A1c comprises approximately 5% of the total hemoglobin in non-diabetic individuals. IDA can increase the red blood cell turnover which can increase glycation of Hb leading to higher A1c. Early diagnosis of diabetes can help in preventing its complications but A1c levels can give a false picture of glycemic status in patients of IDA. The present study was conducted to.....

KEY WORDS: Iron deficiency anemia, A1c ,iron therapy..

[1]. John W.Adamson Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias. In: Longo D, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Jameson J, Loscalzo J, editors. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2018;93:683-689.
[2]. Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M et al. A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood 2014; 123: 615– 24.
[3]. Camaschella C. Iron-deficiency anemia. N Eng J Med 2015;372: 1832-43.
[4]. Camaschella C. New insights into iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Blood Rev 2017; 31: 225– 33.
[5]. Misra P, Upadhyay RP, Misra A, Anand K. A review of the epidemiology of diabetes in rural India. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 92: 303–8..

Abstract: Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is caused by acute injury to optic nerve by trauma. TON may be due to direct or indirect trauma. Indirect trauma is more common than direct occurring in 0.5 % to 5 % of all closed head trauma cases.Primary damage occurs when there is an immediate disruption (direct trauma) or shearing (indirect trauma) of retina ganglion cells (RGC) axons. The inflammation and vascular dysfunction that follows gives rise to secondary damage. Patientsoften have elements of both the mechanism. The common causes include road traffic accidents, fall from height, assault.Patient usually presents with sudden loss of vision after trauma.1 2 3 4 The diagnosis of TON is primarily clinical based on history of acute trauma to head or orbit, decreased visual acuity, presence of relative afferent pupillary defect(RAPD). Visual evoked potential (VEP) may further aid in diagnosis.....

[1]. Steinsapir K D Goldberg R A Traumatic optic neuropathy: an evolving understanding Am J Ophthalmol 20111516928–933.
[2]. Warner N, Eggenberger E. Traumatic optic neuropathy: a review of the current literature. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2010;21(6):459–462.
[3]. Osborne N N, Chidlow G, Layton C J, Wood J P, Casson R J, Melena J. Optic nerve and neuroprotection strategies. Eye (Lond) 2004;18(11):1075–1084.
[4]. Steinsapir K D, Goldberg R A. Traumatic optic neuropathy: a critical update. Compr Ophthalmol Update. 2005; 6:11–21.
[5]. Anderson RL, Panje WR, Gross CE. Optic-nerve blindness following blunt forehead trauma. Ophthalmology. 1982; 89:445–455.

Abstract: Hepatic steatosis is a frequent benign liver condition. Rarely, it adopts a multifocal nodular pattern mimicking multiple liver metastases. A correct diagnosis is crucial to address prognosis and eventual treatment. We present the case of a 57-year-old male with an incidental finding of multiple hypodense liver lesions suggestive of liver metastases, with an unknown primary malignancy. He was extensively investigated with radiological imaging, endoscopy, and liver biopsy. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of multifocal nodular fatty infiltration. The peculiarity of this case....

KEY WORDS: hepatic steatosis, fatty liver, multifocal nodular liver lesions, liver metastases, unknown primary

[1]. Alastair DB, Bellamy C. Fatty Liver Disease. MacSween's Pathology of the Liver, Elsevier. 2018; 966-1088.
[2]. Ding H, Wang WP, Huang BJ et al. Imaging of focal liver lesions. J Ultrasound Med. 2005; 24: 285-97.
[3]. Marrero JA, Ahn J, Rajender RK. ACG clinical guideline: the diagnosis and management of focal liver lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014; 109: 1328-47.
[4]. McInnes MD, Hibbert RM, Inacio JR, Schieda N. Focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma: accuracy of gaoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging- a systemic review. Radiology. 2015; 277: 413-423.
[5]. Kroncke TJ, Taupitz M, Kivelitz D, Scheer I et al. Multifocal nodular fatty infiltration of the liver mimicking metastatic disease on CT: imaging findings and diagnosis using MR imaging. Eur Radiol. 2000; 10 (7): 1095-100

Abstract: Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is the most common form of fungal sinusitis and its clinical resemblance with chronic bacterial sinusitis often makes the diagnosis difficult. The diagnostic criteria for AFRS are rigid in nature involving multiple parameters to be satisfied. This calls for a reliable pre-operative screening modality. This study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CT Para nasal sinuses in CRS patients to diagnose AFRS.82 CRS patients who were managed surgically satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and all underwent blood investigations......

[1]. Aribandi M, McCoy VA, Bazan C. Imaging Features of Invasive and Noninvasive Fungal Sinusitis: A Review. RadioGraphics. 2007 Sep 1;27(5):1283–96.
[2]. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Diagnosis of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis - Manning - 1997 - The Laryngoscope - Wiley Online Library [Internet]. [cited 2019 Sep 27].
[3]. Naz N, Ahmad Z, Malik SN, Zahid T. Diagnostic Accuracy of C.T Scan in Fungal Sinusitis, Diagnosis and Extent. 2016;5.
[4]. Iqbal J, Rashid S, Darira J, Shazlee MK, Ahmed MS, Fatima S. Diagnostic Accuracy of CT Scan in Diagnosing Paranasal Fungal Infection. 2017;27:4.
[5]. Ilica AT, Mossa-Basha M, Maluf F, Izbudak I, Aygun N. Clinical and Radiologic Features of Fungal Diseases of the Paranasal Sinuses. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2012 Oct;36(5):570.

Abstract: Our work consists of a retrospective study with seven observations of Buschke-Lowenstein tumors collected at maxillofacial, oral and Plastic Surgery department of the Armed Forces Teaching Hospital Mohammed V Rabat over a period of four years (from 2015 to 2019).
Based on these seven observations and a review of the literature, the authors take stock, in this work, of the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this disease. Our series included six cases (85.71%) of condyloma acuminata without signs of malignancy and only one case of malignant degeneration to squamous cell carcinoma....

KEY WORDS: Buschke-Lowenstein tumor- giant condyloma acuminate- carcinologic excision- malignant transformation- recurrence

[1]. Buschke A, Loewenstein L. Über Carcinomähnliche Condylomata Acuminata des Penis. Klin Wochenschr. 1 sept 1925;4(36):1726‑8.
[2]. Njoumi N, Tarchouli M, Ratbi MB, Elochi MR, Yamoul R, Hachi H, et al. La tumeur de Buschke-Lowenstein anorectale: à propos de 16 cas et revue de la littérature. Pan Afr Med J. 8 déc 2013;16.
[3]. Anadolu R, Boyvat A, Calikoğlu E, Gürler A. Buschke-Loewenstein tumour is not a low-grade carcinoma but a giant verruca. Acta Derm Venereol. mai 1999;79(3):253—254.
[4]. Aynaud O, Casanova J-M, Dubernard P, Piron D. Les lésions prénéoplasiques et néoplasiques. In: Pathologie de la verge. Elsevier Masson; 1998. p. 354.

Abstract: Bottle gourd, popularly known in India as lauki or dudhi, comes under Cucurbitaceae family. Botanical name bottle gourd is Lagenaria siceraria It is widely used as medicinal cure for various health conditions. However, the toxicity of bitter bottle gourd should be made aware of amongst the general population. We present the case of 73-year female, who consumed mixed vegetable juice (bottle gourd, beet root) and presented with sudden onset of repeated episodes of nausea, vomiting and hematemesis. Patient was discharged on day 7 after conservative management..

KEY WORDS: bottle, gourd, hematemesis, poisoning

[1]. Khalid Ismail Khatib and Kapil Sharad Borawake. Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria) Toxicity: A "Bitter" Diagnostic Dilemma. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research v.8(12);2014 Dec.
[2]. Sharma SK, Puri R, Jain A, Sharma MP, Sharma A, Bohra S, et al. Assessment of effects on health due to consumption of bitter bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) juice. Indian J Med Res. 2012;135:49–55.
[3]. Ghule BV, Ghanti MH, Saoji AN, Yeole PG. Antihyperlipidemic effects of metabolite extract from Lagenaria siceraria stand. Fruit in hyperlipidemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;124:333–337.
[4]. Miro M. Cucurbitacins and their pharmacological effects. PhytotherRes. 1995;9:159–168. [5]. Herington ME. Intense bitterness in commercial Zucchini. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 1983; 6 : 75