iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2024

Abstract: Endodontic irrigants are solutions used in root canal treatment to disinfect the root canal system, dissolve organic tissue, and remove debris. They exhibit various physicochemical properties that contribute to their effectiveness in root canal therapy. Some key properties of endodontic irrigants include antimicrobial activity, tissue compatibility, wettability, surface tension, Viscosity, pH level etc. This review outlines the role of surface tension and viscosity of endodontic irrigants in root canal shaping and cleaning. The results in this review is gathered from Scopus, Google.....

Keywords: Viscosity, Surface tension, Root canal irrigants, Properties of endodontic irrigants.

[1] Dr. Aji Markose. Page "Anatomy Of Apical-Third Of Root Canal" Iosr Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences (Iosr-Jdms) 2020; 19(6): 53-57, E-Issn: 2279-0853, P-Issn: 2279-0861.
[2] Dr. Rajshekhar Chatterjee. Book On Irrigation In Endodontics, Ist Edition 2022. Isbn: 978-81-958535-0-2, Medical And Research Publications.
[3] Peters Oa, Scheonenberger K, Laib A. Effects Of Four Ni–Ti Preparation Techniques On Root Canal Geometry Assessepressure Dependence Of Viscosity By Micro-Computed Tomography. Int Endod J 2001; 34:221-30
[4] Siqueira Junior Jf, Rôças Idn, Marceliano-Alves Mf, Pérez Ar, Ricucci D. Unprepared Root Canal Surface Areas: Causes, Clinical Implications, And Therapeutic Strategies. Braz Oral Res. 2018; 18:32(Suppl 1): E65.
[5] Zehnder M. Root Canal Irrigants. J Endod. 2006;32(5):389-98..

Abstract: Introduction: This case report proposes the effectiveness of modified coronally advanced flap (M-CAF) technique using orthodontic buttons and PRF membrane in the management of multiple adjacent gingival recession defects in relation to maxillary anteriors. Case presentation: A 36-year-old male patient is concerned about the appearance of his maxillary teeth due to gingival recession. Class I Miller gingival recession was confirmed by clinical examination, and it was treated with a PRF membrane and a modified coronally advanced flap (M-CAF) using orthodontic buttons. Complete root coverage was seen........

Keywords-Multiple adjacent gingival recession, modified coronally advanced flap, platelet rich fibrin membrane, orthodontic buttons, periodontal plastic surgery, esthetics

[1] Aroca S, Keglevich T, Barbieri, B, Gera I, And Etienne D. Clinical Evaluation Of A Modified Coronally Advanced Flap Alone Or In Combination With A Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane Forthe Treatment Of Adjacent Multiple Gingival Recessions: A 6-Month Study. J Periodontol 2009; 80: 244-52.
[2] Chambrone L, Tatakis Dn. Long-Term Outcomes Of Untreated Buccal Gingival Recessions: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. J Periodontol 2016; 87(7): 796-808.
[3] Richmond S, Chestnutt I, Shennan J, Brown R. The Relationship Of Medical And Dental Factors To Perceived General And Dental Health. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2007; 35:89-97.
[4] Susin C, Haas An, Oppermann Rv, Haugejorden O, Albandar Jm. Gingival Recession: Epidemiology And Risk Indicators In A Representative Urban Brazilian Population. J Periodontol 2004; 75:1377-1386.
[5] Roccuzzo M, Bunino M, Needleman I, Sanz M. Periodontal Plastic Surgery For Treatment Of Localized Gingival Recessions: A Systematic Review. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29(3):178-194..

Abstract: Pharmacovigilance is a critical aspect of modern healthcare, emphasizing the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. As future healthcare providers, medical students must be well-versed in pharmacovigilance to ensure patient safety and effective drug use. This paper explores the importance of integrating pharmacovigilance into the curriculum of second-year MBBS students, discussing the benefits, challenges, and potential strategies for effective teaching and learning.

[1] World Health Organization. "Pharmacovigilance." Who. Accessed May 21, 2024.
[2] Li, Q., Et Al. "Awareness And Attitudes Of Healthcare Professionals To Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting In China." Bmc Public Health, 2017.
[3] Edwards, I. R., And Aronson, J. K. "Adverse Drug Reactions: Definitions, Diagnosis, And Management." The Lancet, 2000.
[4] Ramesh, M., Parthasarathi, G., And Adithan, C. "Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring: The Roles Of Pharmacist." Indian Journal Of Hospital Pharmacy, 2003.
[5] Smith, C. C., Et Al. "Teaching Pharmacovigilance To Undergraduate Students: Needs And Practical Approaches." International Journal Of Medical Education, 2018

Abstract: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction resulting in fatigability of voluntary muscles. There has been increasing evidence supporting thymectomy for MG in adults, and the role of surgery in pediatric age groups is increasing too. surgical procedure not very commun especially in pediatric surgery and whose minimally invasive approach has considerably taken its place.It's a thoracoscopic Thymectomy

[1] Chiang Lm, Darras Bt, Kang Pb (2009) Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis. Muscle Nerve 39(4):423–431. Https://Doi.Org/10.1002/ Mus.21195
[2] Mullaney P, Vajsar J, Smith R, Buncic Jr (2000) The Natural His- Tory And Ophthalmic Involvement In Childhood Myasthenia Gravis At The Hospital For Sick Children. Ophthalmology 107(3):504–510
[3] Seybold Me (1998) Thymectomy In Childhood Myasthenia Gravis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 841:731–741
[4] Lindner A, Schalke B, Toyka Kv (1997) Outcome In Juvenile- Onset Myasthenia Gravis: A Retrospective Study With Long-Term Follow-Up Of 79 Patients. Neurology 244(8):515–520
[5] Andrews Pi, Massey Jm, Howard Jf, Sanders Db (1994) Race, Sex, And Puberty Influence Onset, Severity, And Outcome In Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis. Neurology 44(7):1208–1214

Abstract: Giant omphaloceles represent a management challenge due to the lack of a standardized therapeutic protocol. Progressive reduction before closure is the only alternative to reduce morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to describe the results of the management of giant omphaloceles using Schuster's progressive reduction technique.........

Keywords:- Giant omphalocele, Schuster technique, Wharton jelly.

[1] Abello C ,Harding Ca , Rios Ap , Guelfand M. Management Of Giant Omphalocele With A Simple And Efficient Nonsurgical Silo. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery.2021;56(5):1068-75.
Doi: 10.1016/J.Jpedsurg.2020.12.003
[2] Schuster S.R. A New Method Of The Staged Repair Of Large Omphalocèles.Surg Gynecol. Obstet 1967; 125: 837-50.Pmid: 4227443
[3] El Mhabrech H , Ben Hmida H , Charfi H , Et Al .Prenatal Diagnosis Of Abdominal Wall Defects. Archpediatr. 2017 ;24(10):917-24. Doi: 10.1016/J.Arcped.2017.07.002
[4] Saxena Ak, Raicevic M. Predictors Of Mortality In Neonates With Giant Omphaloceles. Minerva Pediatr.2018 ;70(3):289-95. Doi: 10.23736/S0026-4946.17.05109-X [5] Vaneijck Fc, De Blaauw I, Bleichrodt Rp, Rieu Pnma, Van Der Staak Fhjm, Wijnen Mhwa, Et Al. Closure Of Giant Omphaloceles By The Abdominal Wall Component Separation Technique In Infants. J Pediatr Surg 2008; 43: 246-50. Doi: 10.1016/J.Jpedsurg.2007.09.051

Abstract: Purpose: To understand the importance of point of entry in a finch wire trauma case in its case based approach. A 28-year-old male came to our emergency with alleged history of trauma with finch wire while working to his right eye which was followed by diminution of vision. On examination, in this first instance it mimicked like an eyelash in anterior chamber but after thorough slit lamp examination, with 1x1 mm high magnification revealed the presence of an unknown foreign object mimicking a finch wire. Ultrasound B-scan was done and was normal in study. Plan was briefed for its surgical removal and was done successfully restoring the patient's vision with a prophylactic suture as well. Careful examination and a few simple mathematical concepts were handy to remove this wire.

Keywords :- Wire, Finch, Eyelash, Masquerade

[1] Reddy Sc. Penetrating Ocular Trauma Caused By Steel Wire From A Rotating Wire Brush: A Case Report With Review Of Literature. Eur J Med Health Sci 2021;3:49–52.
[2] Hassett P, Cleary Pe. Serious Eye Injuries Caused By Rotating Wire Brushes. Br J Ophthalmol 1994;78:491.
[3] Hod Y, Geyer O. Eye Injuries Caused By Rotating Wire Brushes. Harefuah 2005;144:239–40, 304.

Abstract: Infantile choriocarcinoma is an exceptional and poorly understood malignant trophoblastic tumour that can occur in the neonatal period. It is most often due to the transmission to the newborn of metastases from a placental choriocarcinoma. The organs most frequently invaded are the liver (90%, 29 cases) and the lungs (60%, 19 cases). Other organs more rarely affected include the ovary.

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[4] Heath Ja, Tiedemann K. Successful Management Of Neonatal Choriocarcinoma. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001;36:497–9.
[5] Kalifa C, Brule F, Baillif P, Et Al. Métastases Chez Un Nourrisson D'un Choriocarcinome Placentaire. Arch Fr Pediatr 1981;38:351–2.

Abstract: Osteoclastoma / Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a benign but locally aggressive bone tumour with a tendency for local recurrence and rarely distant metastasis. It is very uncommon to find the tumor in the immature skeleton and there are only a few reported cases describing the course and consequences of disease in children. The incidence in children younger than 19 years has been reported in several studies and ranges from 1.7% to as high as 10.6% of all patients with GCTs. Here we discuss a case of Giant cell tumor in a 11-year-old male child.

Keywords- Osteoclastoma, Giant cell tumor, Pediatric orthopaedics, Oncology

[1] Chakarun C, Forrester D, Gottsegen C, Patel D, White E, Matcuk G. Giant Cell Tumor Of Bone: Review, Mimics, And New Developments In Treatment. Radiographics. 2013;33(1):197211. Doi:10.1148/Rg.3311250
[2] Van Der Heijden L, Dijkstra P, Van De Sande M Et Al. The Clinical Approach Toward Giant Cell Tumor Of Bone Oncologist.2014;19(5):55061. Doi:10.1634/Theoncologist.2013-0432.
[3] Eyichukwu Go, Ogugua Pc. Osteoclastoma In An Infant. Niger J Med. 2007 Oct-Dec;16(4):378-80.
Doi: 10.4314/Njm.V16i4.37343. Pmid: 18080601.
[4] Sharma V, Sharma S, Mistry Ka, Awasthi B, Verma L, Singh U. Giant Cell Tumor Of Bone In Skeletally Immature Patients - A Clinical Perspective. J Orthop Case Rep. 2015 Oct-Dec;5(4):57-60. Doi: 10.13107/Jocr.2250-0685.347. Pmid: 27299101; Pmcid: Pmc4845459.
[5] Zhang Xp, Lu Xc, Wang Ll, Wei Jq, Yan J, Shao Xn, Che Yy, Cheng Jl. Giant Cell Tumors Of Bone In Patients Aged 18 Years Old Or Younger: Imaging Features And Tumor Characteristics. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:8389-8397 Https://Doi.Org/10.2147/Ijgm.S330507.
[6] Kim Wj, Kim S, Choi Dw, Lim Gh, Jung St. Characteristics Of Giant Cell Tumor Of The Bone In Pediatric Patients: Our 18-Year, Single-Center Experience. Children (Basel). 2021 Dec 8;8(12):1157. Doi: 10.3390/Children8121157. Pmid: 34943353; Pmcid: Pmc8700421

Abstract: Background: Over the last decade, a global trend has been documented indicating an earlier onset of puberty. Ergo, it would be considered unwise to rely solely on chronological age as a definitive indicator for assessing a child's maturity status. Deception may occur in various cases especially if forensic identification of a deceased is concerned. In this regard, a retrospective study was conducted on adolescents of age group 10 - 16 years in a Dental Hospital in Rajasthan to gain a better understanding of the impact of changing trends and individual differences in the timing of pubertal growth spurts. The study, comprised of 30 participants, evaluated the impact of changing trends of puberty on the competence of different age estimation methods. It reviewed dental and skeletal methods by assessing the stages of dental calcification........

Keywords- skeletal age; puberty; age determination; panoramic radiography; forensic dentistry

[1] Tanner, J. M. (1971). Sequence, Tempo, And Individual Variation In The Growth And Development Of Boys And Girls Aged Twelve To Sixteen. Daedalus, 907-930.
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[3] Aksglaede, L., Olsen, L. W., Sørensen, T. I., & Juul, A. (2008). Forty Years Trends In Timing Of Pubertal Growth Spurt In 157,000 Danish School Children. Plos One, 3(7), E2728.
[4] Brix, N., Ernst, A., Lauridsen, L. L. B., Parner, E., Støvring, H., Olsen, J., ... & Ramlau‐Hansen, C. H. (2019). Timing Of Puberty In Boys And Girls: A Population‐Based Study. Paediatric And Perinatal Epidemiology, 33(1), 70-78.
[5] Jia, L., Zhang, W., & Chen, X. (2017). Common Methods Of Biological Age Estimation. Clinical Interventions In Aging, 759-772.

Abstract: Introduction: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a group of over 400 conditions characterized by severe joint contractures in two or more body regions. Managing clubfoot in patients with AMC is particularly difficult, and it is more likely to recur compared to idiopathic clubfoot. The Ponseti technique can be used to treat idiopathic clubfoot, which avoids or delays more invasive procedures. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of multiple serial casting as a treatment for clubfoot in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita (AMC) patients, using Pirani scores as an objective measure of deformity.........

Keywords- Ponseti, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, pirani, casting, treatment, clubfoot, arthrogryposis.

[1] Ponseti I: Congenital Clubfoot: Fundamentals Of Treatment. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom; 1996
[2] Matar He, Beirne P, Garg Nk: Effectiveness Of The Ponseti Method For Treating Clubfoot Associated With Myelomeningocele: 3-9 Years Follow-Up. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2017, 26:133-6.
[3] Van Bosse Hj: Syndromic Feet: Arthrogryposis And Myelomeningocele. Foot Ankle Clin. 2015, 20:619-44.
[4] Matar He, Beirne P, Garg N: The Effectiveness Of The Ponseti Method For Treating Clubfoot Associated With Arthrogryposis: Up To 8 Years Follow-Up. J Child Orthop. 2016, 10:15-8.
[5] Kowalczyk B, Felus J: Ponseti Casting And Achilles Release Versus Classic Casting And Soft Tissue Releases For The Initial Treatment Of Arthrogrypotic Clubfeet. Foot Ankle Int. 2015, 36:1072-7.

Abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition affecting the mucous membranes of the nose and sinuses. [1–5] CRS impacts about 5–12% of people globally, leading to significant costs for health care systems and national economies. [1–4, 6] CRS is categorized into two types: one with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and one without (CRSsNP). CRSwNP is an immunologically driven chronic inflammatory disease of the mucosa and subepithelial tissue, with specific endotype-oriented immunologic therapies emerging only in the past decade [9–12], while immunotherapies [13–15] have been.........

[1] Hastan D, Fokkens Wj, Bachert C, Newson Rb, Bislimovska J, Bockelbrink A Etal. Chronic Rhinosinusitis In Europe—An Underestimated Disease. A Ga²Len Study. Allergy. 2011;66:1216–23.
[2] Hirsch Ag, Stewart Wf, Sundaresan As, Young Aj, Kennedy Tl, Greene Sj, Et Al. Nasal And Sinus Symptoms And Chronic Rhinosinusitis In A Population-Based Sample. Allergy. 2017;72:274–81.
[3] Ostovar A, Fokkens Wj, Vahdat K, Raeisi A, Mallahzadeh A, Farrokhi S. Epidemiology Of Chronic Rhinosinusitis In Bushehr, Southwestern Region Of Iran: A Ga2len Study. Rhinology.2019;57:43–8.
[4] Shi Jb, Fu Ql, Zhang H, Cheng L, Wang Yj, Zhu Dd, Et Al. Epidemiology Of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Results From A Cross-Sectional Survey In Seven Chinese Cities. Allergy. 2015;70:533–9.
[5] Stuck Ba, Beule A, Jobst D, Klimek L, Laudien M, Lell M Et Al. Guideline For "Rhinosinusitis"-Long Version: S2 K Guide Line Of The German College Of General Practitioners And Family Physicians And The German Society For Oto-Rhino Laryngology, Head And Neck Surgery. Hno. 2018;66:38–74.

Abstract: Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a lesion that involves breakage in the skin with loss of epithelium that extends to the dermis and deeper layers involving muscle and bone which tend to develop due to factors associated with diabetes; hyperglycemia, presence of calluses, foot deformities, peripheral neuropathy, and vasculopathy. The management of diabetic foot ulcers requires a multidisciplinary approach; and is burdensome on the health care systems due to its chronic nature and potential complications. Diabetic foot ulcer has caused financial distress to the government in treating diabetic foot ulcer and its consequences; such as lower limb amputation........

Keywords- Diabetic foot ulcer, clinical predictors, neuropathy, vasculopathy

[1] Boulton Ajm, Whitehouse Rw. The Diabetic Foot. 2020 Mar 15 [Cited 2022 Nov 22]; Available From: Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/Nbk409609/
[2] Pitocco D, Spanu T, Di Leo M, Et Al. Diabetic Foot Infections: A Comprehensive Overview. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019;23(2):26–37.
[3] Oliver Ti, Mutluoglu M. Diabetic Foot Ulcer. 2022 Aug 8 [Cited 2022 Nov 22]; Available From: Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/Nbk537328/
[4] Jain S, Barman R. Bacteriological Profile Of Diabetic Foot Ulcer With Special Reference To Drug-Resistant Strains In A Tertiary Care Center In North-East India. Indian J Endocrinology Metabolism. 2017 Sep 1 [Cited 2022 Nov 22];21(5):688. Available From: /Pmc/Articles/Pmc5628537/
[5] Group Tdc And Ctr. The Effect Of Intensive Treatment Of Diabetes On The Development And Progression Of Long-Term Complications In Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Https://Doi.Org/101056/Nejm199309303291401. 1993 Sep 30 [Cited 2022 Nov 22];329(14):977–86. Available From: Https://Www.Nejm.Org/Doi/10.1056/Nejm199309303291401

Abstract: Geriatric patients with maxillofacial defects need a clinician who can handle their psychological issues with confidence. The clinician should also be aware and respectful of their medical and financial situations. Losing an eye can affect a person's psychology deeply, so it is important to replace it as soon as possible. This can help the patient heal physically and psychologically, and improve their social acceptance. Geriatric patients with ocular defects have different treatment goals and approaches than other patients. The clinician should consider the length and number of appointments, as well as their medical and financial statuses. This article shows how a geriatric patient with an ocular defect was rehabilitated with a customized ocular prosthesis, using monopoly syrup and a minimal intervention geriatric approach.

Keywords- Ocular prosthesis, Geriatric patient, customized ocular prosthesis, monopoly syrup.

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