iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2024

Abstract: Background: The provision of safe, efficient, and cost-effective acute pain management during surgery for inpatient patients is a major problem for clinicians and healthcare administrators. Post-surgical pain affects a lot of patient outcomes. Acetaminophen (APAP) plays a major role in multimodal analgesia regimens, which are becoming more and more necessary for effective pain treatment. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes associated with the use of intravenous acetaminophen for management of acute post-surgical pain. Methods: The cross-.....

Keywords: IV acetaminophen, Multimodal analgesia, Opioid, Post-surgical pain, Acute pain, Health outcomes.

[1]. Gan TJ, Robinson SB, Oderda GM, Scranton R, Pepin J, Ramamoorthy S. Impact of postsurgical opioid use and ileus on economic outcomes in gastrointestinal surgeries. Curr Med Res Opin. 2015;31(4):677-686.
[2]. Hansen RN, Pham AT, Boing EA, Lovelace B, Wan GJ, Miller TE. Comparative analysis of length of stay, hospitalization costs, opioid use, and discharge status among spine surgery patients with postoperative pain management including intravenous versus oral acetaminophen. Curr Med Res Opin. 2017;33(5):943-948.
[3]. Reddi D, Curran N. Chronic pain after surgery: pathophysiology, risk factors and prevention. Postgrad Med J. 2014;90(1062):222-227; quiz 226.
[4]. Yu HY, Tang FI, Yeh MC, Kuo BI, Yu S. Use, perceived effectiveness, and gender differences of pain relief strategies among the community-dwelling elderly in Taiwan. Pain Manag Nurs. 2011;12(1):41-49.
[5]. Pieretti S, Di Giannuario A, Di Giovannandrea R, Marzoli F, Piccaro G, Minosi P, Aloisi AM. Gender differences in pain and its relief. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2016;52(2):184-189..

Abstract: Background: Myringoplasty is one of the surgical techniques for the management of inactive mucosal type of chronic otitis media. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the gain of hearing in relation to size of the tympanic membrane perforation following successful myringoplasty. Methods: This prospective study has been conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology & Head-Neck Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from January 2019 to June 2020. Patients were selected by purposive sampling. Thorough.........

Keywords Myringoplasty, size of the tympanic membrane, Hearing gain

[1]. Shaheen MM, Nahar S. Comparison of chronic suppurative otitis media in rural and urban primary school children in Bangladesh. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 2014 Jun;128(6):499-503.
[2]. Chandrashekharayya SH, Ahmed R, Khavasi P. Intracranial and extracranial complications of chronic otitis media and their management at a tertiary care center: a descriptive study. International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 2021 Mar;7(3):499.
[3]. Jensen RG, Koch A, Homøe P. Long-term tympanic membrane pathology dynamics and spontaneous healing in chronic suppurative otitis media. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2012 Feb 1;31(2):139-44.
[4]. Al-Ghamdi SA. Tympanoplasty: factors influencing surgical outcome. Annals of Saudi Medicine. 1994 Nov;14(6):483-5.
[5]. Wullstein H. Theory and practice of tympanoplasty. The Laryngoscope. 1956 Aug;66(8):1076-93.

Abstract: Background: Dexamethasone and fentanyl both are effective adjuvant in TAP block for postoperative analgesia in abdominal surgeries. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery is common and is associated with postoperative pain. Effective post‑operative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery is important because patient suffer from distress, respiratory complications, delirium, myocardial ischemia, prolonged hospital stay, and chance of chronic pain...

Keywords: Fentanyl, Dexamethasone, TAP, Bupivacaine

[1] Mitra S, Khandelwal P, Roberts K, Kumar S, Vadivelu N. Pain relief in laparoscopic cholecystectomy a review of the current options. Pain Practice. 2012 Jul;12(6):485 96.
[2] Bisgaard T, Warltier DC. Analgesic treatment after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a critical assessment of the evidence. The Journal of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. 2006 Apr 1;104(4):835 46.
[3] Johns N, O'neill S, Ventham NT, Barron F, Brady RR, Daniel T. Clinical effectiveness of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Colorectal Dise
[4] Tekeli AE, Eker E, Bartin MK, Öner MÖ. The efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases: a retrospective evaluation of 515 patients. Journal of International Medical Research. 2020 Aug;48(8):0300060520944058.

Abstract: Introduction: Migraine is a chronic episodic disease and attack frequency of migraine varies throughout the life of an individual. Prophylactic pharmacotherapy of migraine is indicated in patients in whom the frequency and/or severity of migraine attacks persistently disrupt the patient's daily functioning despite use of effective treatment in acute attacks and the institution of appropriate nonpharmacological approaches. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of flunarizine to propranolol in the Prophylaxis of........

Key Words: Efficacy, Safety, Flunarizine, Propranolol, Prophylaxis, Migraine, Comparative

[1]. Edmeads JG. Recent advances in pharmacotherapy: Migraine. Can Med Assoc J 1988; 138:107-113.
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[3]. Anonymous. Sibelium® Product Monograph. In: Krogh CME, Gillis MC, Bisson R, eds. Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties. 26th ed. Toronto: CK Productions, 1991: 1106 – 1107
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[5]. Chouza C, Scaramelli A, Caamano JL, De Medina O, Aljanati R, Romero S. Parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia and depression induced by flunarizine. Lancet 1986;8493:1303-1304

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of fistula is highest in underdeveloped nations due to increased obstetric complications. Conversely, 90% of vesicovaginal fistulae (VVF) in wealthy nations are brought on by gynaecological treatments. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the scenario of iatrogenic genito-urinary fistula in a Maternity care Hospital. Methods: This cross-section observational study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Society of Bangladesh Maternity Hospital (OGSB & IRCH- Institute of reproductive and child health), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The duration of the period from July 2022 to July 2023. A total of 62......

Keywords: Iatrogenic, Genito-Urinary Fistula, complication

[1]. Jon Spurlock MD; vesicovaginal fistula: e Medicine specialities> Obstetrics and gynecology > Oct 1, 2009.
[2]. Uperty DK. Subedi S, Budhathoki B, Regmi Me: Vesicovaginal fistula At Tertiary Centre in Eastern Nepal. J Nepal Med Assoc2008;47(171):120-2.
[3]. Pearson L, Shoo R. Availability and use of emergency obstetric services: Kenya, Rwanda, Southern Sudan, and Uganda. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2005;88:208–15.
[4]. Ngongo CJ, Raassen TJ, Mahendeka M, Lombard L, van Roosmalen J. Iatrogenic genito-urinary fistula following cesarean birth in nine sub-Saharan African countries: a retrospective review. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2022 Dec;22(1):1-9.
[5]. Sehar N, Azam AA, Ara S, Zaman F, Sarkar N, Hyder F. Iatrogenic Fistula after Gynecological Operation in a Tertiary level Hospital. Central Medical College Journal. 2022;6(1):28-33.

Abstract: Background: Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospitalization in infants bellow 2 years of age. There are multiple modalities used for treatment of bronchiolitis. Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of nebulized epinephrine and 0.9% NaCl in the treatment of bronchiolitis. Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital........

Keywords: Bronchiolitis, Epinephrine, 0.9% NaCl, Hospital Stay.

[1]. Verma N, Lodha R, Kabra SK. Recent advances in management of bronchiolitis. Indian pediatrics. 2013 Oct; 50:939-49.
[2]. Koley G, Koley KC. Comparison of salbutamol to adrenaline nebulization in acute severe bronchiolitis: An original research paper. International Journal of Scientific Study. 2017;5(2):202-5.
[3]. Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, Alverson BK, Baley JE, Gadomski AM, Johnson DW, Light MJ, Maraqa NF, Mendonca EA, Phelan KJ. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014 Nov 1;134(5): e1474-502.
[4]. Modaressi MR, Asadian A, Faghihinia J, Arashpour M, Mousavinasab F. Comparison of epinephrine to salbutamol in acute bronchiolitis. Iranian journal of pediatrics. 2012 Jun;22(2):241.
[5]. Bloemers BL, Van Furth AM, Weijerman ME, Gemke RJ, Broers CJ, Van Den Ende K, Kimpen JL, Strengers JL, Bont LJ. Down syndrome: a novel risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis—a prospective birth-cohort study. Pediatrics. 2007 Oct 1;120(4): e1076-81.

Abstract: Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with physiologic changes that are similar to pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Objectives: The aim of the study was to comparison of serum vitamin D and serum calcium level in cases with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and healthy pregnant woman in Tertiary Level Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka during the period of January 2017 to December 2017. A total number of 90 woman after 20 weeks.......

Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia, Normal Pregnancy, Hypovitaminosis D, Hypocalcemia

[1]. Kiondo P, Wamuyu-Maina G, Wandabwa J, Bimenya GS, Tumwesigye NM, Okong P. The effects of vitamin C supplementation on pre-eclampsia in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. BMC pregnancy and Childbirth. 2014 Dec; 14:1-0.
[2]. Many A, Hubel CA, Fisher SJ, Roberts JM, Zhou Y. Invasive cytotrophoblasts manifest evidence of oxidative stress in preeclampsia. The American journal of pathology. 2000 Jan 1;156(1):321-31.
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[4]. Osmanağaoğlu MA, Topçuoğlu K, Özeren M, Bozkaya H. Coagulation inhibitors in preeclamptic pregnant women. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics. 2005 Mar; 271:227-30.
[5]. Bringman J, Gibbs C, Ahokas R, Syamal B, Ramsey R, Egerman R. Differences in serum calcium and magnesium between gravidas with severe preeclampsia and normotensive controls. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2006 Dec 1;195(6): S148..

Abstract: Background: An antibiotic is a sort of antimicrobial chemical that works against bacteria. It is the most significant form of antimicrobial agent for combating bacterial infections, and antibiotics are commonly used to treat and prevent such diseases. They can either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Objective: To assess the awareness of antibiotic use among the rural people of Raicho village in Cumilla. Methods: A Cross sectional.....

[1]. Ahmed, A.A., Jilani, M.S.A., Chowdhury, O.A., Islam, K.S., Hossian, M.A., Alam, M.J., Siddique, M.A., Barai, L., Rahman, F. and Haq, J.A., 2016. Use of antibiotics in selected tertiary and primary level health care centers of Bangladesh. Ibrahim Medical College Journal, 9(2), pp.42-44.
[2]. Ahmed, S.M. and Hossain, M.A., 2007. Knowledge and practice of unqualified and semi-qualified allopathic providers in rural Bangladesh: implications for the HRH problem. Health policy, 84(2-3), pp.332-343.
[3]. Andersson, D.I. and Hughes, D., 2014. Microbiological effects of sublethal levels of antibiotics. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 12(7), pp.465-478.
[4]. AK, A.K., Mirshad, P.V., Rashed, M.R. and Banu, G., 2013. A study on the usage pattern of antimicrobial agents for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 7(4), p.671.
[5]. Al-Mehdar, A.A. and Al-Akydy, A.G., 2017. Pattern of antimicrobial prescribing among in-patients of a teaching hospital in Yemen: A prospective study. Univers. J. Pharm. Res, 2(5), pp.11-17