iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2016

Abstract: Ranula is a retention cyst of the sublingual gland, which enlarges progressively and extends into the surrounding soft tissues. We report a case of oral ranula involving the floor of mouth treated successfully by surgical excision following detailed clinical examination, radiological interpretation and histopathological diagnosis. The patient was followed up on a regular basis and was disease free.

Keywords: Ranula, Sublingual gland ,excision.

[1]. Antonio Nanci. Ten Cate's Oral Histology: Development, Structure, and Function. Mosby 2005. Missouri; chap 11: 299-328.
[2]. Standring, S.; Berkovitz, B. K. B.; Hackney, C. M.; Ruskell, I. G. L. Gray's Anatomy. The Anatomical Basis of clinical practice. 39th Churchill & Livingtone. Chapter 8; 1290-1298
[3]. Y.Y.P. Lee, K.T. Wong, A.D. King, A.T. Ahuja. Imaging of salivary gland tumours. European journal of radiology. Volume 66, Issue 3, Pages 419-436 (June 2008)
[4]. Arbab AS, Koizumi K, Toyama K, et al. Various imaging modalities for the detection of salivary gland lesions: the advantages of 201Tl SPET [in process citation]. Nucl Med Commun 2000;21:277–284
[5]. Travis L, Hecht D. Acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands: diagnosis and management. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1977;10:329–338

Abstract: Implant prosthesis rehabilitation of edentulous patients with implant supported over-dentures has shown long term clinical success1,2,3,4,5 . Many studies has reported implant survival rates between 94 and 100% for implant supported over-dentures3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10. Although a wide variety of different implant supported prosthodontic rehabilitation design is available. The basic standard treatment with an implant over-dentures has been recommended with of two interforaminal implants11,12,13 . The two implant supported over-dentures commonly used abutment types includes bar of different design, ball and magnetic attachments 3,6,14,15,16,17. The most common attachment uses is the ball attachment, while magnets are only used in rare instances14,17,18,19.Naert and colleagues reported that bar attachment was the most technically demanding attachment, compared to both types of unlinked attachment14,15

[1]. Sadowsky SJ. Mandibular implant-retained overdentures: A literature review. J Prosthet Dent 2001;86:468–473.
[2]. Bergendal T, Engquist B. Implant-supported overdentures: A longitudinal prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Im- plants 1998;13:253–262.
[3]. Meijer HJ, Raghoebar GM, Van't Hof MA. Comparison of implant-retained mandibular overdentures and conventional complete dentures: A 10-year prospective study of clinical as- pects and patients satisfaction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2003;18:879–885.
[4]. Cooper LF, Moriarty JD, Guckes AD, et al. Five-year prospec- tive evaluation of mandibular overdentures retained by two microthreaded, TiOblast nonsplinted implants and retentive ball anchors. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2008;23:696–704.
[5]. Attard NJ, Zarb GA. Long-term treatment outcomes in edentulous patients with implant overdentures: The Toronto study. Int J Prosthodont 2004;17:425–433

Abstract: Meningiomas are slow growing tumors arising from the meningothelial cells accounting for 25.25% of CNS neoplasms with a wide variety of histological patterns. Two of the most important factors that determine the prognosis in patients with meningiomas are the extent of the resection and the tumor's histological grade. Among 50 cases of central nervous system tumors, during the study period of 3 years, meningiomas constituted 36% of cases and these cases were analyzed for age, sex incidence, location and histopathological diagnosis. The tumor was more common in females - 55.55%. The most common age group affected was 31- 40 years...............

Keywords: CNS Tumors, Histopathology, Intracranial, Intraspinal

[1]. Jose Carlos,Adrian Mosquera.An integrative analysis of meningioma tumors reveal the determinant genes and pathways of
malignanmt transformation.Frontiers in oncology.2014;(4)147.
[2]. Shrilakshmi.S,Meningiomas: a clinicopathological study.Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2015;4(4):827-831.
[3]. YangSY, ParkCK, ParkSH, KimDG, ChungYS, JungHW.Atypical and anaplastic meningiomas:prognostic implications of
clinicopathological features. J Neurol NeurosurgPsychiatry .2008; 79(5):574–80.
[4]. Jason rockhill, Maciej mrugala, Marc c. chamberlain, Intracranial meningiomas: an overview of diagnosis and treatment. Neurosurg
Focus 2007; 23 (4):E1.
[5]. Deborah L. Commins, Roscoe D. Atkinson and Margaret E. Burnett, Review of meningioma histopathology; Neurosurg Focus
2007; 23 (4):E3..

Abstract: In Today world they is a big issues related to pregnancy in women and because of mediation lots of side effects has been seen in women health.so our paper is focusing on remove these issues based on natural process (Taichi and johari window) and even based on Artificial Intelligence by providing a training to the neurons and designing GENMOD( Ivilin Stoianov, Marco Zorzi).AI is one of several types of fertility options and is the cheapest and less-invasive of the methods and these technique has worked successfully in area sector of India .

Keywords: AI (Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithm), Johari Window, Taichi, GENMOD

[1]. https://erc.europa.eu/projects-and-results/erc-stories/self-learning-ai- emulates-human-brain
[2]. http://www.duedatecalculator.org/artificial-insemination/
[3]. https://www.google.co.in/search?q=histogram+of+issues+in+pregnancy+in +women&rlz=1C1CHZL_enIN679IN697&espv=2&b iw=1366&bih=613&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjCmPLP4dzPAhXHu48KHaBWA7UQ_AUIBigB#imgdii=3vrAODGl1kf4IM%3A %3B3vrAODGl1kf4IM%3A%3BIqGs7q6qqFiJvM %3A&imgrc=3vrAODGl1kf4IM%3Ahttps://www.google.co.in/search? q=johari+window&rlz=1C1CHZL_enIN679IN697&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=613&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi5sLv959zPAhVEK o8KHcjUBEgQ_AUIBigB#imgrc=_
[4]. http://www.epainassist.com/articles/benefits-of-ai-chi-in-pregnancy

Abstract: Intracapsular fracture neck of femur have always presented great challenges to orthopaedic surgeons and remain in many ways today the unsolved fracture as far as treatment and results are concerned Intracapsular fractures are devastating injuries that most often affect the elderly. Intracapsular fractures are very rare in young individuals with normal bone............

Key words - Hemiarthroplasty,Total hip replacement,Fracture neck of femur,resurgery,complications

[1]. Holmberg S, Kalen R, Thorngren KG. Treatment and outcome of femoral neck fractures: An analysis of 2418 patients admitted
from their own homes. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987;218:42–52
[2]. Barnes R, Brown JT, Garden RS, Nicoll EA. Subcapital fractures of the femur: A prospective review. J Bone Joint Surg
Br. 1976;58:2–24.
[3]. Parker MJ. Prediction of fracture union after internal fixation of intracapsular femoral neck fractures.Injury. 1994;25:3–6
[4]. Parker MJ. The management of intracapsular fractures of the proximal femur. J Bone Joint Surg Br.2000;82:937–41.
[5]. Skinner P, Riley D, Ellery J, et al. Displaced subcapital fractures of the femur: a prospective randomised comparison of internal
fixation, hemiarthroplasty and total hip replacement. Injury 1989;20:291-3

Abstract: Oro antral fistula (OAF) is a common condition encountered in day to day practice. There are various etiological factors and different treatments options available. We performed a clinical study using BFPG in different cases of OAF and found it a ve...........

Keywords: Oroantral fistula, Maxillary sinus, Buccal fat pad graft

[1]. Visscher SH, van Minnen B, Bos RR. Closure of oroantral communications: a review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68:1384–91.
[2]. Hanazawa Y, Itoh K, Mabashi T, Sato K. Closure of oroantral communications using a pedicled buccal fat pad graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995;53:771–6.
[3]. Hernando J, Gallego L, Junquera L, Villarreal P. Oroantral communications. A retrospective analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010;15:e499–503.
[4]. Egyedi P. Utilization of the buccal fat pad for closure of oro-antral and/or oro-nasal communications. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1977;5:241–4.

[5]. Hai-Ming Shang, Yi-Ping Yan, Ke-Ming Qi, Jai-Qi Wang, Zhi-Fei Liu. Anatomical structures of the buccal fat pad and its clinical adaptation. Plast Reconstr Surg June 2002; 109: 2508–2518.

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of diabetes and its associated complications is increasing at an alarming rate over the last few decades .The burden of these complications if estimated, may help to prevent the morbidity and mortality by appropriate preventive strategies. Objective: To determine the magnitude and distribution of complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus among the patients attending the diabetes clinic of R.G.Kar Medical College and Hospital. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross sectional study was conducted in the diabetes clinic of R.G.Kar Medical College and Hospital. The study population included all the Type 2 diabetic subjects who attended the clinic from May 2012 to April 2013.345 subjects were selected by systematic random sampling. A pre-designed and pre-tested schedule was used for data collection. Data were collected regarding socio-demographic characteristics and duration of diabetes.HbA1C levels were estimated. The data were analysed using statistical software SPSS 20.Proportions and Chi-square test were used for analysis...........

Keywords: Nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,

[1]. Lusignan S, Sismanidis C, Carey IM, DeWilde S, Richards N, Cook DG. Trends in the prevalence and management of diagnosed type 2 diabetes 1994-2001 in England and Wales.BMC Family Practice 2005;6:13.
[2]. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Daisy Dharmaraj, Viswanathan M. Prevalence of glucose intolerance in Asian Indians: urban-rural difference and significance of upper body adiposity. Diabetes Care 1992; 15: 1348- 55.
[3]. Ramchandran A, Snehalatha C, Latha E, Vijay V,Viswanathan M. Rising prevalence of NIDDM in urban population in India. Diabetologia 1997; 40:232-7.
[4]. King H, Auburt RE, Herman WH. Diabetes Care. 1998; 21:1414-31.
[5]. Fall CH. Non-industrialised countries and affluence. British Medical Bulletin 2001;60:33-50.

Abstract: Objective: Peyronie's disease has been known to mankind for long, but still the treatment remains a dilemma. We investigated the efficacy of intralesional verapamil over saline. Methodology: We randomized 70 patients into two groups, receiving verapamil and NS intralesionally, after assessing their symptoms, plaque characteristics, curvature in erect state and erectile function. After 6 biweekly
injections, all above parameters and satisfaction score was reexamined............

Keywords:Peyronie's disease, penile plaque, penile curvature, verapamil Abbreviations: NS- Normal saline, PD- Peyronie's disease

[1]. DiBenedetti DB, Nguyen D, Zografos L, Ziemiecki R, Zhou X, "A Population-Based Study of Peyronie's Disease: Prevalence and
Treatment Patterns in the United States," Advances in Urology, vol. 2011, Article ID 282503, 9 pages, 2011.
doi:10.1155/2011/282503
[2]. Segal RL, Burnett AL. Surgical Management for Peyronie's Disease. World J Mens Health. Apr 2013;31(1):1-11.
[3]. Müller A, Mulhall JP. Peyronie's disease intervention trials: methodological challenges and issues. J Sex Med. Mar
2009;6(3):848-61.
[4]. Kuehhas FE, Weibl P, Georgi T, Djakovic N, Herwig R. Peyronie's Disease: Nonsurgical Therapy Options. Reviews in Urology.
2011;13(3):139-146.
[5]. Levine LA, Merrick PF, Lee RC. Intralesional verapamil injection for the treatment of Peyronie's disease. J Urol. 1994
Jun;151(6):1522-4. PubMed PMID: 8189561

Abstract: Introduction: Intensive care medicine has developed into a highly specialised discipline covering several fields. Evaluation of the morbidity and outcome of admitted patients can assess the efficacy of treatment, making it possible to take better decisions, to further improve quality of care, to standardize conduct, and to ensure effective management of the high-level resources. Objectives: 1) To study the morbidity and outcome profile of patients admitted to ICU of the tertiary care centre. 2) To study causes of death of patients admitted at ICU. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive record based study.............

Keywords: ICU, morbidity of patients, Los

[1]. Standards for Intensive Care Units. Intensive Care Society, May 1997.
[2]. Fiser DH. Outcome evaluations as measures of quality in pediatric intensive care. PediatrClin North Am. 1994;41:1423–1438.
[3]. Abhulimhen I, Pooboni S, Vuppali N Morbidity Pattern and Outcome of Patients Admitted into a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in India. Indian Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014:5 1–5 doi:10.4137/IJCM.S13902.
[4]. Ray B, Samaddar D, Todi S, Ramakrishnan N, John G, Ramasubban S. Quality indicators for ICU: ISCCM guidelines for ICUs in India. Indian J Crit Care Med, 2009; 13(4); 173-206.
[5]. Viktoria D, Dünser M, Hasibeder R. Causes of death and determinants of outcome in critically ill patients, Critical Care Vol 10 No 6, may 2006.

Abstract: Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by stenosis or occlusion of the terminal portions of the internal carotid arteries which rarely coexists with Graves' disease. We recently experienced a rare case of Graves' disease accompanied by moyamoya disease that presented as a stroke and recurrent stroke. 20-year-old female was initially admitted to our hospital because of throat discomfort and dysphonia that had developed 5 days previously. She had suffered from hyperthyroidism for 3 years and had a history of irregular medication. After laboratory tests and imaging, she was diagnosed with an acute ischemic stroke associated with moyamoya disease accompanied by Graves' disease. She was prescribed an antithyroid drug (ATD) with an anti-platelet agent. During follow up, she stopped taking the anti-platelet agent and took the ATD...........

[1]. Kleinloog R, RegliL, RinkelGJ, KlijnCJ. Regional differences in incidence and patient characteristics of moyamoya disease: a
systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012;83(5):531-6. (doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301387)
[2]. Kitamura, K, Fukui, M, Oka, K, et al. Moyamoya disease Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 1989;11:293.
[3]. Nam DH, Oh CW, WangKC, Paek SH, Hwang YS, Kim IO, et al. Moyamoya disease : the difference between age group in clinical
presentation and hemodynamic characteristics. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 1997;26:1357-62
[4]. Kraemer M, Heienbrok W, Berlit P. Moyamoya disease in Europeans. Stroke. 2008 ;39(12):3193-200. (doi:
10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.513408)
[5]. Zafar SF, Bershad EM, Gildersleeve KL, Newmark ME, Calvillo E, Suarez JI, Venkatasubba Rao CP. Adult moyamoya disease in
an urban center in the United States is associated with a high burden of watershed ischemia. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3(4). pii:
e001123. (doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001123)

Abstract: Background:The incidence of lymphadenopathy appears to be increasing, especially among young adults all over the world. Frequent involvement of lymph node in regional and systemic diseases as well as their easy accessibility makesFNAC suitable tool for pathologists& clinicians. Inflammatory and immune reactions are the most frequent causes of lymph node enlargement and are self limiting in majority of cases. Lymphoid tissue undergoes reactive changes to a wide variety of antigenic stimuli. Tuberculosis, which is common in India, can be diagnosed by cytology of affected lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are also affected as a result of primary neoplasm of the node itself and from metastasis of malignant neoplasm from regional and distant organs. With the advent of FNAC, most of the inflammatory, reactive and neoplastic conditions can be diagnosed without biopsy. FNA isa helpful tool for taking decision regarding excision of node, distinguishing benign from malignant mass and deciding type of malignancy.It has the advantage that it can be done safely, rapidly and cheaply with minimal trauma at an outpatient setup or at the bedside............

Keywords: Cervical lymphadenopathy, FNAC, Tuberculous lymphadenitis, Reactive lymphadenitis

[1]. MukulPatar, KusumBorsaikia, Biraj. K. Das, AnupamHazarika.Aclinicopathological evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy in
children (0-14 Years) By fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathological examination - A hospital based study National
journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck surgery.2014 (11):12-14
[2]. Allhiser JN, Macknight TA, Shank JC. Lymphadenopathy in a family practice. J.FamPract. 1981;12(1)27-32
[3]. Steel BL, Schwartz MR, RamzyI.Fine needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy in 1,103 patients. Role,
limitations and analysis of diagnostic pitfalls. ActaCytol. 1995;39 (1);76-81
[4]. Ghartimagar D, Ghosh A, Ranabhat S, Shreshtha MK, Narasimhan R, TalwarOP.Utility of fine needle aspiration cytology in
metastatic lymph nodes. Jornal of pathology of Nepal.2011; (2);92-95
[5]. Salesh h, MasoodS.Value of ancillary studies in fine-needle aspiration biopsy. DiagnCytopathol 1995;13(4);310-5

Abstract: Post-operative pain relief is an essential part of responsibility for an anaesthesiologist. In laparoscopic approach, there are decreased scarring, decreased pain, shorter hospitalization and faster functional recovery. Pain intensity peaks during the first post-operative hour and gradually declines. In our study, 0.5% Bupivacaine soaked Surgicel placed in gall bladder bed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, to provide the post-operative pain relief ASA status I & II patients of either sex aged 20-60yrs were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 each.............

Keywords: bupivacaine, laproscopic cholecystectomy, surgicel

[1]. Ahmed BH, Ahmed A, Tan D, Awad ZT, Al-Aali AY, Kilkenny J 3rd, Orlando FA, Al-Chalabi A, Crass R, Alrawi SJ.Post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain: effects of intraperitoneal local anesthetics on pain control--a randomized prospective double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Am Surg. 2008 Mar; 74(3):201-9.
[2]. Chundrigar T, Hedges AR, Morris R, Stamatakis JD. Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine for effective pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1993;75: 437–9.
[3]. Feroci F, Kröning KC, Scatizzi M. Effectiveness for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy of 0.5% bupivacaine-soaked Tabotamp placed in the gallbladder bed. (2009) Surg Endosc. 2009 Oct; 23(10):2214-20.
[4]. G.R. Verma, T. S. Lyngdoh, L. Kaman, I. Bala. Placement of 0.5% bupivacaine-soaked Surgicel in the gallbladder bed is effective for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc (2006) 20: 1560–1564.
[5]. J. Joris, E. Thiry, I. Paris, J. Weerts and M. Lamy.Pain after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Characteristics and Effect of Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine. Anesth Analg 1995; 81:379-84.

Abstract: The biliary tract is a complex organ system that performs the simple though vital task of collecting storage and delivery bile to the gastrointestinal tract. Disease of biliary tract can be extremely painful, debilitating and occasionally life threatening. The complex development of the liver and biliary system in utero can result in multiple anatomic variations. Thus hepatobiliary operation is challenging and its complication results in life long disability and death. In our study 100 cases were included which were underwent cholecystectomy from September 2011 to September 2013 in department of surgery RIMS Ranchi Jharkhand. Most of the patients underwent cholecystectomy were between the age of 30-40 years and 40-50 years with female preponderance. Common causes of biliary leakage was due to liver bed injury 5 (41.67%), Common bile duct injury had 3 (25%). Most of them managed conservatively and only 2% mortality was observed.

Keywords: Gall stone, Cholecystitis, Cholecystectomy, Biliary leakage.

[1]. Adamsen S, et al, 1997: Bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective nationwide series. J Am CollSurg 184:571-578.
[2]. Anand. Profile of bile duct injury occurring as a complication of laparoscopic / open bile duct injury. 2011. [3]. Andersson R, Tranberg KG, Bengmark S. Isolated intraperitoneal accumulation of bile after surgical or diagnostic procedures. 1988 May-Jun;154(5-6):375-7.
[4]. Balija M, Huis M, Nikolić V, Štulhofer M. Laparoscopic visualization of the cystic artery anatomy. World J Surg 1999;23:703-707.
[5]. Bismuth H, 1982: Postoperative strictures of the bile duct. In Blumgaart LH (ed) : the biliary tract : clinical surgery international. Edingburgh, Churchill Livingstone, pp 209-218.

Abstract: Objective:Theaim of thisstudywastodeterminewhethereducationmadeanydifferencetotheattitude of an individualtodomesticviolenceandwhetheror not thequality of theeducationaffectedthisattitude. Methods:Thestudywasapplied as a surveyto 364 individualsparticipating on a voluntarybasis in Malatya, TurkeybetweenJanuary-February 2014. TheparticipantswerestudentsfromtheFaculty of LawandtheFaculty of Medicineand an age-matchedgroup of tradespeoplewho had not received a universityeducation. Results:Tothequestion of 'Can women be beaten?', a response of 'yes' wasgivenby40.3% of malesand 11.9% of females. Tothequestion of 'In a woman'smurder, can thewoman be toblame?', theresponse of 'yes' wasgivenbymaletradespeople (51.8%) at the rate of 2.39 timesmorethanbymalemedicalstudents (16.9%). Thepositiveresponsetothesamequestiongivenbymalelawstudents (40.4%) at a rate 1.99 timesmorethanthat of themedicalstudents.Tothequestion of 'Can a womanrefuse her husband'ssexualrequest?', theresponse of 'she can not refuse' wasgivenbymaletradespeople (38.2%) at a rate 3.04 timesgreaterthanbymalemedicalstudents (16.09%) and 4.2 timesgreaterthanbymalelawstudents (12.8%).............

Keywords: Domesticviolence, education, honourkilling, attitude

[1]. Izmirli GO, et al. Prediction of domestic violence against married women in southwestern Turkey. Int J GynecolObstet2014; dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.06.011.

[2]. Garcia-Moreno C, Jansen HAFM, Ellsberg M et al. Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women‟s health and domestic violence. Lancet 2006;368:1260– 69.
[3]. Page AZ, İnce M. A review of domesticviolence. TurkishPsychologicalArticles, December 2008;11(22):95-97.
[4]. Krug EG, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA et al. World report on violence and health. Geneva, World Health Organization (WHO). 2002.
[5]. Besniİ. Üniversite öğrencilerinin aile içi şiddete yönelik tutumlarının cinsiyet, politik görüş ve şiddete maruz kalma açısından incelenmesi. GaziOsman Paşa Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yüksek
Lisans Tezi, Tokat, 2011.

Abstract: Successful replacement of lost teeth by means of tissue integrated implants represents a major advance in dentistry. The bone quality and amount of bone available in anterior maxilla is often variable and there is defect of bony wall. Currently implants are placed in such defect along with grafting procedures. This case report presents a staged approach for minimally invasive immediate implant placement for a maxillary central incisor. A primary procedure was placement of implant along with frenectomy. A secondary procedure
utilised connective tissue grafting to enhance soft tissue thickness and volume for the associated area along with bone allograft to graft the buccal defect. The stagedcombined treatment resulted in ideal biologic health and aesthetics for the implant supported restoration.............

Keywords: Esthetic Zone, Soft tissue grafting.

[1]. Schropp, L., Wenzel, A., Kostopoulos, L. & Kar- ring, T. (2003) Bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following singletooth
extraction: a clinical and radiographic 12-month prospective study. The International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative
Dentistry 23, 313– 323.
[2]. Maiorana C, Santoro F.:Maxillary and mandibular bone reconstruction with hip grafts and implants using Frialit-2 implants.
International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry. 2002; 22(3):221-229.
[3]. Adell R., Lekholm U & Branemark P-I: Surgical Procedures. In: Tissue integratedprosthesis.Osseointegration in clinical dentistry.
P-I Branemark, GA Zarb, T Albrektsson, Eds.; Ist Edn.; QuintessencePublication, Chicago, 1985; pp: 211-232.
[4]. Branemark P-I, Breine U, Adell R, Hansson BO, Lindstrom J, Ohlsson A. Intra-osseous anchorage ofdental prostheses.
Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1969; 3:81–100.
[5]. Quirynen M, Lekholm U: The Surgical Site. In: Clinical Periodontology and Implant Dentistry (Vol. 2). J Lindhe,NP Lang, T
karring, Eds.; 5th Edn.; BlackwellPublication, Munksgaard, 2008;pp:1068-1069

Abstract: High tuberculosis defaulter rate and lower notification rate are major impediment to effective Control of tuberculosis (TB) in Buhera District. To elucidate factors that associated with high defaulter rate, we conducted an evaluation of TB control programme in the district.A cross sectional study design was used and a program evaluation framework was used to identify inputs, processes, out puts and outcomes of the TB control programme in Buhera district. A total of thirty one healthcare workers who included nurses, Environmental Health Technicians and Laboratory staff, participated in the study.

Keywords:- Default, Notification rate, Program evaluation, Tuberculosis, Zimbabwe

[1]. Ai1, Q. Ke, M. Guo, L.Zhang, T. Zhao, Y. Sun, X, Zhang, L.He, G. Werf, M. 2011.Factors associated with low cure rate of tuberculosis in remote poor area of Shaanxi Province, BMC Public Health. China
[2]. Basile, Keugoung. Jean, Macq. Anne, Buve. Jean, Mel. Bart Criel 2013 The interface between the national tuberculosis control programme and district hospitals in Cameroon: Missed opportunities for strengthening the local health system: a multiple case study
[3]. Bernard, Muture. Margaret, Keraka. Peter, Kimuu, Ephantus, Kabiru. Victor, Ombeka. Francis, Oguya.2011. Factors associated with default from treatment among tuberculosis patients in Nairobi province, Kenya
[4]. Ellen M.H. Mitchell, Charlotte E. Colvin, Eveline, Klinkenberg. Marleen, Heus. Joseph, Sitenei .2013.Return on Investments in Technical Assistance for TB Capacity Building Factors Influencing Kenyan Health Workers' Performance of TB Skills. BMC Public Health. Kenya
[5]. Global tuberculosis report 2012. World Health Organization. Geneva

Abstract: Objective: To conduct a literature review on the diagnosis and management of Paget's disease of bone. Materials and methods: The Literature was collected and reviewed about Paget's disease of bone, sure the relevant clinicoradiographic criteria and diagnosis. Literature was selected through the search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and scholar Google databases. The keywords used for the search were Paget's disease of bone, diagnosis ,physiopathology, radiography. A manual search of the reference lists of the identified articles and the authors' article files and recent reviews was conducted to identify additional publications. Those studies that showed new features about Paget's disease of bone were included in this review............

Keywords: Paget's disease of bone; diagnosis; physiopathology.

[1]. Sabharwal R, Gupta S, Sepolia S, et al. An Insight in to Paget's Disease of Bone. Niger J Surg Off Publ Niger Surg Res Soc.
2014;20(1):9-15. doi:10.4103/1117-6806.127098.
[2]. Hadjipavlou AG, Gaitanis IN, Kontakis GM. Paget's Disease of the Bone and its Management. J Bone Jt Surg - Br Vol.
2002;84-B:160-169.
[3]. Ferraz-de-Souza B, Correa PHS. Diagnosis and treatment of Paget's disease of bone: a mini-review. Arq Bras Endocrinol
Metabol. 2013;57(8):577-582. doi:10.1590/S0004-27302013000800001.
[4]. Griz L, Fontan D, Mesquita P, et al. Diagnosis and management of Paget's disease of bone. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol.
2014;58(6):587-599. doi:10.1590/0004-2730000002941.
[5]. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors. Robbins Basic Pathol. 2012;10:765-795.
https://webfiles.uci.edu/redwards/public/RBP9 Chapter 20.pdf.

Abstract: Objectives: Cherubism is a congenital childhood disease of autosomal dominant inheritance. This disease is characterized by painless bilateral enlargement of the jaws, in which bone is replaced with fibrous tissue. The condition has clinical, radiographic and histological features, of which the clinician should be aware a better differential diagnosis in the presence article of a fibro-osseous lesion affecting the bones of the maxillomandibular complex. The purpose of present article paper was to review the literature and to report
the most important aspects of cherubism in order to facilitate the study of this disease..........

Keywords: adolescent; jaw diseases; cherubism.

[1]. Lima GDMG, Almeida JD, Cabral LAG. Cherubism: clinicoradiographic features and treatment. J oral Maxillofac Res. 2010;1(2):e2. doi:10.5037/jomr.2010.1202.
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features. Dentomaxillofacial Radiol. 2005;34(5):313-318. doi:10.1259/dmfr/32866350.
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