iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2016

Abstract: Introduction: Early marriages and teenage pregnancies are important contributing factors for high maternal as well as neo-natal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To assess the obstetric profile of teenage and non-teenage primi mothers and to determine the association among them. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at OB/Gynac dept at a tertiary centre from jan to june of year 2016. 90 eligible teenage primi mothers and equal number of non-teenage primi mothers admitted to tertiary centre for delivery were included, interviewed and observed for obstetric outcome and it's complications according to pre-designed structured proforma.Frequency percentage distribution and association was determined by applying tests of significance.......

Keywords: Teenage, Primipara, Obstetric profile, Anaemia

[1]. Programming for Adolescent Health and Development.WHO Technical Report Series 1999; 886:1–217
[2]. Bratati Banerjee,et al . Teenage Pregnancy: A Socially Inflicted Health Hazard. Indian J Community Med 2009;34(3):227–231.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.55289 PMid:20049301 PMCid:PMC2800903
[3]. Dubhashi SS, Wani RJ. Teenage pregnancy. Bombay Hospital Journal 2008;50(2):236-9.
[4]. Besharov, Douglas J. and Gardiner, Karen N. "Trends in Teen Sexual Behavior". Children and Youth Services Review
1997;19(5/6):341–67, 72.
[5]. Indicator: Births per 1000 women (15–19 ys) – 2002 UNFPA, State of World Population 2003, Retrieved Jan 22, 2007.

Abstract: Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide, affecting 1: 8 women in the West. In Portugal, there are 4500 new cases / year, dying daily 4 women with this condition. Primary prevention, with the change of potentially modifiable risk factors and secondary prevention through screening in particular required with mammography, are one of the prime targets in the reduction of mortality associated with breast cancer...........

Keywords: Breast Cancer; Prevention; Screening; Risk Factors; Mammography; Breast ultrasound; Breast Self-exam.

[1]. Mendes S. Diagnóstico precoce e cancro da mama. J Notícias. 2015. www.trofasaude.com.
[2]. GLOBOCAN Cancer Fact Sheets: Breast cancer. http://globocan.iarc.fr/old/FactSheets/cancers/breast-new.asp. Accessed March 19,
2015.
[3]. Boyle P, Lewin B. World Cancer Report 2008. 2008.
[4]. Batiston AP, Tamaki EM, Souza LA De, Santos MLDM Dos. Conhecimento e prática sobre os fatores de risco para o câncer de
mama entre mulheres de 40 a 69 anos Knowledge of and practices regarding risk factors for breast cancer in women aged between
40 and 69 years. Rev Bras Saúde Matern Infant. 2011;11(2):163-171.
[5]. 16-year mortality from breast cancer in the UK Trial of Early Detection of Breast Cancer. 1999:1909-1914.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10371568.

Abstract: Introduction: Non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs presently are the most widely used drugs in medicine and the most frequent cause of adverse drug reactions, mainly affecting the renal system, which is a major public health concern. Previous studies report, that selective COX-2 inhibitors are safer when compared to nonselective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, regarding their adverse effects on renal system. But, recent studies reveal, that the renal safety of these selective COX-2 inhibitors is not much better than that of conventional NSAIDs. In view of the larger usage of selective COX-2 inhibitors, the study has been taken up to report, whether selective COX-2 inhibitors have got any advantages over conventional NSAIDs or not, regarding their renal adverse effects.........

Keywords: Adverse drug reactions, Conventional NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors, Renal Toxicity

[1]. V.Dhikav, S. Singh, KS. Anand ; Newer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - A review of their therapeutic potential and
adverse drug reactions; Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine; October – December 2002; Volume 3; No 4; Page 332- 338.
[2]. Ashok Mittal; Paracetamol in pain and fever; Pediatrics Today; August 2002; volume V; No. 5; Page 317 - 320.
[3]. Harri Vainio, Gareth Morgan; Cyclo-oxygenase -2 and breast cancer prevention ; British Medical Journal; 26 September, 1998;
Volume 317; Page 828.
[4]. Peter M. Brooks, M.D; And Richard 0. Day, M.D; Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - Differences and similarities; The New
England Journal of Medicine; 13 June, 1991;Volume 324; No. 24; Page 1716-1724.
[5]. Carlo Patrono, MD, Alessandro Pierucci, M.D., Renal effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in chronic glomerular disease; The American Journal of Medicine ; 25 August, 1986;volume 81 (Suppl. 2B); Page 71-83.s

Abstract: Introduction:Many treatment modalities have been advocated in past and present for the treatment of Cerebro spinal Fluid (CSF) Rhinorrhea, of which neuro microscopic surgery (Endoscopy) is a promising procedure with constant excellent results worldwide. Many authors have a small series with different surgical techniques and different group of patient population, but in this series same set of patients are studied with single standard technique, showing excellent results using fascia Lata graft. With the advent of HRCT and MRI techniques the understanding of the pathoanatomy is more and the surgery can be more precise and accurate...............

Keywords: Endoscopy, CSF fistula, Fascia lata, Fibrin Glue.

[1]. Sharma DP, Singh D, Sinha S, Srivastva AK, Singh H, Jagetia A, et al. CSF rhinorrhea: An overview of endoscopic repair. Indian
Journal Neurotrauma. 2010; 7:157-62.
[2]. Mishra SK, Mathew GA, Paul RR, Asif SK, John M, Varghese AM, et al. Endoscopic repair of CSF rhinorrhea: an institutional
experience. Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. 2016;28(84):39–43.
[3]. Rajesh V, Kalpesh P, Dipesh D, Zeenat E, Divya A. 5 Endoscopic surgical approach to csfrhinorrhoea-analysis of 30 cases:
International Journal of Science and Research. 2014;3(1):20-24.
[4]. Saafan ME, Albirmawy OA, Tomoum MO. Sandwich grafting technique for endoscopic endonasal repair of cerebrospinal fluid
rhinorrhoea. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;271(5):1073-79.

Abstract: Candida Species are normal flora of skin and mucosa of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and genital region. They invade host tissue and cause diseases in patients whose cell mediated immunity (CMI) is impaired. The aim of the study is to identify species, detect virulence factors like phospholipase and esterase production and to determine antifungal susceptibility by E - test. Materials & Methods: A total of 60 candida isolates were taken from different clinical samples and speciated by growth on chrom agar medium. Phospholipase and esterase activities were detected by growth characteristics on egg yolk agar medium and Tween- 80 opacity test medium respectively. Antifungal susceptibility was detected by E test using Mueller- Hinton Agar (MHA)......

Keywords: Antifungal susceptibility ,Candida, Chrom agar, Speciation, virulence factors

[1]. George F Araj, Rima G Asmar, Aline Z Avedissian. Candida profiles and antifungal resistance evolution over a decade in Lebanon.
J Infect Dev Ctries 2015; 9(9):997-1003.
[2]. Shivanand Dharwad, Saldanha Dominic R.M. Species Identification of Candida isolates in Various Clinical Specimens with their
Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 2011;5(6): 1177-1181.
[3]. Pooja R.pawar, Vaishali A.pawar, Ramdas A.Aute. Role of Extracellular hydrolytic enzymes in Candida albicans virulence. IJIPSR
2014;2(7):1521-1532.
[4]. Vinitha Mohandas and Mamatha Ballal. Distribution of Candida species in different clinical samples and their virulence: Biofilm
formation, proteinase and phospholipase production: A study on hospitalized patients in Southern India. Journal of Global
Infectious Diseases 2011; 3(1):4-8.
[5]. Somansu Basu, Harish C. Gugnani, Sangeeta Joshi & Neera Gupta. Distribution of Candida species in different clinical sources in
Delhi, India and proteinase and phospholipase activity of Candida albicans isolates

Abstract: Introduction: Use of adjuvant prolongs the brachial plexus block. It is simple, safe, preserves consciousness, avoids airway instrumentation, provides excellent perioperative analgesia. Various adjuncts to local anaesthetics had been studied for prolongation of analgesic effect but in this present study we used dexamethasone which has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Aim: Aim is to compare the onset and duration of analgesia of local anaesthetics with and without dexamethasone in supraclavicular brachial plexus block...........

Keywords: Analgesia, Dexamethasone, Local Anaesthetics, nerve stimulator, supraclavicular block.

[1]. Lanz E, Theiss D, Jankovic D. The extent of blockade following various techniques of brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg 1983;
62(1):55-8.
[2]. Carty S, Nicholls B. Ultrasound guided regional anaesthesia. Oxford journals, medicine Br J Anaesth; CEACCP 2007; 7(1):20-4.
[3]. Fanelli G, Casati A, Garancini P, Torri G. Nerve stimulator and multiple injection technique for upper and lower limb blockade:
failure rate, patient acceptance, and neurologic complications. Anesth Analg 1999; 88(4): 847–52.
[4]. Haleem S, Siddiqui AK, Mowafi HA, Ismail SA, Ali QA. Nerve stimulator evoked motor response predicting a successful
supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Anaesth Analg 2010; 110(6):1745-6.
[5]. Kapral S, Gollmann G, Wait B, Likar R, Sladen R, Weinstabl C, et al.Tramadol added to mepivacaine prolongs the duration of an
axillary brachial plexus blockade. Anesth Analg 1999; 88(4):853-6.

Abstract: Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH) is considered a benign lymphoid reactive process that results from various antigenic stimuli and may have potential for progression to overt lymphoma [1].It is characterized by the appearance of violaceous, firm nodules most commonly found over the head, neck and extremities [2].Here we present a rare case of a 47 year old female with frontal sinus involvement of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia. This was excised and sent for a histopathological examination. To the best of our knowledge, there is no documented case of cutaneous hyperplasia extending into the paranasal sinuses. The clinical diagnosis, the management, including the surgical intervention are discussed.

Keywords: Frontal Sinus Lesion ,Cutaneous Lymphoid Hyperplasia

[1]. CPT Jeffrey N. Lackey . Cutaneous Lymphoid Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature.Cutis. 2007 June;79
(6):445-448.
[2]. Klauz Wolff,Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine ,Inflammatory diseases that stimulate lymphomas,(USA,McGraw Hill
Company,2008) ,1404.
[3]. Ederson Valei Lopes de Oliveira. Lymphocytoma cutis - case report. An. Bras. Dermatol. vol.88 no.6 supl.1 Rio de Janeiro
Nov./Dec. 2013
[4]. Klauz Wolff,Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine ,Inflammatory diseases that stimulate lymphomas,(USA,McGraw Hill
Company,2008) ,1402
[5]. Valia,IADVL Textbook of Dermatology, 3rd edition(India,Bhalani Publishing House,2008) 147.

Abstract: Purpose: Treatment of Basal cell carcinomas by Radiotherapy carries Equal results with advantage of cosmosis and can avoid surgical complications. External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) will last for 6-8weeks duration. Feasibility of High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy is an alternative to EBRT which is highly effective, which will reduce treatment time and cheaper one which can be practiced in a centre without Multi-energy Linac facilities, good mould room facilities . Methods &material: Interstial implantation............

Keywords: Basal cell carcinoma of the face and neck, brachytherapy

[1]. Mohs FE .The chemosurgical method for microscopical controlled excision of cancer of the skin. NY State J Med 1956;56:3486-
3492.
[2]. Pierquin B, Chassagene D, Cox D: Towards consistent local control of certain malignant tumors. Radiology 1971;99:661-667.
[3]. Ashby MA,Pacella JA,De Groot R,et al. Use of radon mould technique for skin cancers. Results from the Peter Mac Callum Cancer
Institute. Br. J.Radiology 1989;62:608-612
[4]. Guix B,Guix JR, Treatmento de los carcinomas cutaneous de losparpados. Arch 1975:35:121-129.
[5]. Daly NJ, Makissard L, Douches J et al. Technique d' endocurietherapie parfil d'iridium dans leb eiteliomas cutanes. J Radiol
Electrol 1978:59:361-364

Abstract: Osteoma are benign osteogenic lesions characterized by proliferation of either cancellous or compact bone and can be central, peripheral or extraskeletal. They may arise in medullary (endosteal) bone or on the bone surface as a polypoid or sessile mass (periosteal). The most common site is in the skull. When affecting the facial bones, they are frequently found in the mandible, the most common locations being the posterior lingual surface and the mandible angle area and it is rarely affecting maxilla. We present a case of management recurrent osteoma of the maxilla in a 5 year-old girl.

Keywords: Osteoma, Maxilla, pediatric, recurrent

[1]. Zouloumis L, Lazaridis N, Maria P, et al. Osteoma of the ethmoidal sinus: a rare case of recurrence. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg
2005;43:520-2
[2]. Eller R, Sillers M. Common fibro-osseous lesions of the paranasal sinuses. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2006;39:585-600
[3]. Stelios D, Christos B, Ioannis T. Peripheral osteoma of the maxilla: Report of an unusual case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral
Radiol Endod 2005;100:E19-24.
[4]. Kaplan I, Calderon S, Buchner A. Peripheral osteoma of the mandible: a study of 10 new cases and analysis of literature. J Oral
Maxillo Fac Surg 1994;52:467-70.
[5]. Longo F, Califano L, De Maria G, et al. Solitary osteoma of the mandibular ramus: report of a case. J Oral Maxillofac Surg
2001;59:698-700

Abstract: Sudden natural death can be an unexpected outcome in patients with known illness or unexpected outcome in previously healthy people. Most of the sudden natural deaths are caused by cardiac diseases and hence the lung pathology is often overlooked. The present study is focused on the analysis of lung lesions in sudden natural death. We have analysed 172 cases of sudden natural death over a period of 15months. Among the cases with grossly normal coronaries & absence of structural heart disease 17.4%(n=11) showed
granulomatous lesions, 1.6%(n=1) had non-reactive tuberculosis..............

Keywords: Aspergillosis, lung carcinoma, lung in sudden death, pneumocystis jirovecii, tuberculosis

[1]. World Health Organisation. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 10th revision(ICD-10)-
WHO version for 2016[Internet]. WHO press,Geneva:World Health Organisation;2015[updated 2015; cited 2016 Mar 24].
Available from: http://apps.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online.
[2]. Post mortem examination in cases of sudden death due to natural causes. In: Walter E.Finkbeiner, Philip C.Ursell, Richard L.Davis,
editors. Autopsy pathology – a manual and atlas,2(Philadelphia:Elsevier;2009) 131-34.
[3]. Graeme Dowling MD. Sudden natural death. In:David Dolinak, Evan Matsha, Emma Lew,editors. Forensic pathology – Principles
& practice,1(London:Elsevier academic press;2005) 102-8.
[4]. Dr.Dinesh Rao. Sudden deaths.In:Dr.Dinesh Rao, editor. Autopsy[Internet]. Bangalore,India:2009 Oct 28[cited 2016 Sep
19].Chapter 6. Available from:www.forensicpathologyonline.com/e-book/autopsy/sudden-deaths
[5]. Prateek Rastogi, Tanuj Kanchan, Ritesh G Menezes. Sudden unexpected deaths due to tuberculosis:An autopsy based study. Journal
of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2011;28(2): 81-85.

Abstract: In carcinoma prostate the low sensitivity of systematic biopsy makes target biopsies by identifying the location of the lesions more desirable. Micro-bubble contrast agents has been introduced as an innovative technology that can improve prostate cancer detection. They enhance the small vessels in the prostate, by providing an enhanced acoustic reflectivity.On the basis of this hypothesis, we undertook this study to evaluate the usefulness of Contrast Enhanced Sonography(CEUS) for prostate cancer detection in patients with PSA >4 ng/ml and compare this with conventional system.The objective of the study is to compare the detection of prostate cancer with contrast enhanced ultrasound with conventional systematic biopsy and impact on gleason score...........

Keywords: Contrast USG, Carcinoma Prostate.

[1]. Alexandre Pelzer Et Al Prostate Cancer Detection In Men With Prostate Specific Antigen 4 To 10 Ng/Ml Using A Combined Approach Of Contrast Enhanced Color Doppler Targeted And Systematic Biopsy, The Journal Of Urology Vol. 173, 1926–1929, June 2005
[2]. Hodge, K. K., McNeal, J. E., Terris, M. K. and Stamey, T. A.:Random systematic versus directed ultrasound guided transrectal core biopsies of the prostate. J Urol, 142: 71, 1989
[3]. Eskew, L. A., Bare, R. L. and McCullough, D. L.: Systematic 5 region prostate biopsy is superior to sextant method for diagnosing carcinoma of the prostate. J Urol, 157: 199, 1997
[4]. Stewart, C. S., Leibovich, B. C., Weaver, A. L. and Lieber, M. M.:
[5]. Prostate cancer diagnosis using a saturation needle biopsy technique after

Abstract: Introduction Teeth included were radiographically examined by Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for 1. Number and Morphology of roots. 2. Primary variations in the morphology of the root canal systems. 3. The presence of MB2 canals in molars according to patient's age and gender. Result: The most common morphologic feature was three separate roots. Its percentage was higher in maxillary first than second molars.

Keywords: CBCT, Maxillary molars, root canal anatomy

[1]. R.V.S. ChakradharRaju, V. Chandrasekhar, Chandra Vijay Singh, SrikanthPasari. Maxillary molar with two palatal roots: Two case
reports, J Conserv Dent, 13, 2010, 58–61.
[2]. Tadas Venskutonis, GianlucaPlotino, GintarasJuodzbalys, LinaMickeviciene. The importance of cone-beam computed tomography
in the management of endodontic problems: A review of the literature, JOE, 40, 2014, 1895-1901.
[3]. Yemi Kim, Seung-Jong Lee, Jein Woo. Morphology of maxillary first and second molars analyzed by cone-beam computed
tomography in a Korean population: Variations in the number of roots and canals and the incidence of fusion. JOE, 38, 2012, 1063-
1068.
[4]. Emmanuel Joao Nogueira Leal Silva, Yuri Nejaim, Amaro I.V. Silva, Francisco Haiter-Neto, Alexandre A. Zaia, Nestor Cohenca.
Evaluation of root canal configuration of maxillary molars in a Brazilian population using cone-beam computed tomographic
imaging: An in vivo study. JOE, 40, 2014, 173-176.

Abstract: Introduction: Hyperinsulinemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus is known to increase ferritin synthesis and iron uptake, increase iron store is associated with glucose intolerance. Iron increases oxidative stress which inhibits internalisation and action of insulin. This study hypothesises that increased body iron store is responsible for the development of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance as well as vascular complications of diabetes...........

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Insulin resistance, Oxidative stres, Serum ferritin.

[1]. Sundararaman Swaminathan, Vivian A. Fonseca, Muhammad G. Alam, Sudhir Shah, The role of iron in diabetes and its complications, Diabetes Care; july 2007; 30(7); 1926-1933.
[2]. Megan Jehn, Jeanne M Clark, Eliseo Guallar, Serum Ferritin and Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome in U.S. Adults, Diabetes Care; Oct 2004; 27(10); 2422-2428.
[3]. C E Wrede, R Buettner, L C Bollheimer, J Scho¨lmerich, K-D Palitzsch1 and C Hellerbrand, Association between serum ferritin and the insulin resistance syndrome in a representative population, European Journal of Endocrinology; 154; 2006; 333–340.
[4]. De Sanctis V1, Soliman A, Yassin M, Iron overload and glucose metabolism in subjects with β-thalassaemia major: an overview, Curr Diabetes Rev; Jul 2013; 9(4); 332-41.
[5]. Sudhir V. Shah, and Vivian A. Fonseca, Iron and Diabetes Revisited, Diabetes Care; 2011 Jul; 34(7): 1676–1677.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to review the techniques that improve the images in detecting liver lesions using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). DECT has improved tissue characterization in recent years, which provides extra information such as tissue composition, compared to single-energy computed tomography (SECT). The use of low and high X-ray tube voltages in DECT provided fused images that improved the detection of liver tumors due to the higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the tumor compared to the liver. The utilization of the contrast agents in CT scanning improved the image quality by enhancing the CNR...........

Keywords: Dual-energy, contrast, CT, tissue characterization, liver, lesions

[1]. Zhang, L. J., Wu, S., Wang, M., Lu, L., Chen, B., Jin, L., Lu, G. M. (2012). Quantitative dual energy CT measurements in rabbit
VX2 liver tumors: Comparison to perfusion CT measurements and histopathological findings. European Journal of Radiology,
81(8), 1766-1775.
[2]. Marrero, J. A., Ahn, J., & Rajender Reddy, K. (2014). ACG Clinical Guideline: The Diagnosis and Management of Focal Liver
Lesions. Am J Gastroenterol, 109(9), 1328-1347.
[3]. Jodas, D. S., Pereira, A. S., & Tavares, J. M. (2016). A review of computational methods applied for identification and quantification of atherosclerotic plaques in images. Expert Systems with Applications, 46, 1-14.
[4]. Boraschi, P., Della Pina, M. C., & Donati, F. (2016). Graft complications following orthotopic liver transplantation: Role of noninvasive cross-sectional imaging techniques. European Journal of Radiology, 85(7), 1271-1283.
[5]. Park, J. H., Kim, S. H., Park, H. S., Kim, G. H., Lee, J. Y., Lee, J. M., … Choi, B. I. (2011). Added value of 80kVp images t o
averaged 120kVp images in the detection of hepatocellular carcinomas in liver transplantation candidates using dual-source dualenergy
MDCT: Results of JAFROC analysis. European Journal of Radiology, 80(2), e76-e85.

Abstract: Using high resolution Ultrasonography there are reliable signs to differentiate benign & malignant breast masses and select appropriate cases for mammography & HPE. Positive predictive value for biopsy can be increased by proper complete diagnostic work up in which sonomammography & conventional mammography is also included. Objective: The purpose of our study was to characterize the palpable solid breast mass and categorizing each mass as benign and malignant using high frequency ultrasonogram and to correlate the benign and malignant breast mass with mammographic & tissue diagnosis............

Keywords: Sonomammography; benign breast mass; malignant breast mass; BIRADS.

[1]. Fields SI. Ultrasound Mammographic-histopatolgic correlation.Ultrasound imaging 1980; 2:150-161.
[2]. Harmine M. Zonderland, MD, Emile G. Coerkamp, MD, Jo Hermans, PhD, Marc J. van de Vijver, MD, PhD and Ad E. van
Voorthuisen, MD, PhD) Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Contribution of US as an Adjunct to Mammography. Radiology. 1999;
213:413-422.
[3]. Miller AB. The costs and benefits of breast cancer screening. Am J Prev Med 1993; 9:175-180.
[4]. Stavros AT, Thickman D, Rapp CL, Dennis MA, Parker SH, Sisney GA. Solid breast nodules: use of sonography to distinguish
between benign and malignant lesions. Radiology 1995; 196:123–134.
[5]. Murad M, Bari V. Ultrasound differentiation of benign versus malignant solid breast masses. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2004
Mar;14(3):166-9.

Abstract: Prostate cancer is the second most common carcinoma in men which is very difficult to diagnose by conventionall imaging techniques. Nowadays with the help of Transrectal ultrasound and MRI, the lesions can be picked up very easily and image guided biopsy can be done. Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the patients above 40 years, with prostatic complaints and categorize prostatic diseases as benign and malignant depending on their Transrectal sonographic appearances,to evaluate various prostatic lesions depending on their MR signal characteristics and to do TRUS guided biopsy of suspicious lesions and to confirm by histopathology.........

Keywords: BPH; PSA; TRUS; Prostate;

[1]. Robert L. Bree M.D., The Prostate. Carol M Rumack, Diagnostic Ultrasound 2nd Vol: 399-429.
[2]. Mathew D. Rifkin, Gerald W. Friedland, Linda Shortliffe, Prostatic Evaluation by Transrectal Endosonography : Detection of
Carcinoma. Radiology 1986; 158:85-90.
[3]. R Malik et al - TRUS for evalution of various Beingn and malignant prostatic lesions and there histopathological correlation- IndJ
Radiology Image 2004 14:2:155-157.
[4]. Fred Lee, Soren T. Torp - Pedersen, and Richard D.McLeary, Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer by Transrectal Ultrasound, Urology
clinics of North America - Vol. 16, No.4, Nov. 1989. 663-673.
[5]. Katsuto Shinohara, M.D., Peter T. Scardino, M.D., Simon St. C. Carter, M.B., F.R.C.S., and Thomas M. Wheeler, M.D. Pathologic
Basis of the Sonographic Appearance of the Normal and Malignant Prostate, Urologic Clinics of North America -Vol. 16, No.4,
Nov. 1989. 675-691.

Abstract: Hemophilia a genetic disorder with patient's inability to stop bleeding. There are two main types of hemophilia, hemophiliaA due to not enough clotting factor VIII and hemophilia B due to not enough factor IX,and acquired hemophilia A(AHA) caused by autoantibodies against clotting factor VIII(FVIII).AHA is associated with malignancy,autoimmune disorders, and pregnancy. Factor IX deficiency can cause interference of the coagulation cascade. People with more severe hemophilia usually suffer more severe and more bleeds than people with mild hemophilia...........

Keywords: Bleeding,Diagnosis,Factor VIII&F IX,Hemophlia,Treatment

[1]. Douglas Harper.Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 10 October 2007.
[2]. Hemophilia Facts.CDC.August 26,2014.Retrieved 8 September 2016.
[3]. WorldFederation of Hemophilia Frequently Asked Questions
AboutHempphilia(http://www.wfh.org/index.asp?lang=EN&url=2/1/1_1_1_FAQ.htm).
[4]. U.S. National Library of Medicine.Retrieved 2 December 2007.
[5]. Canadian Hemophilia Society FAQ (http://www..hemophilia.ca/en/10.php).

Abstract: Utilization of dental services largely depends on awareness of the services. A few diseases produce early symptoms resulting in early management. Periodontal diseases have symptoms that are either missed or ignored as normal ageing process. The study aimed at assessing awareness about gum diseases and effect of profession on the same. Four hundred and twenty five patients responded to a written questionnaire with both open-ended and closed-ended questions and the results were statistically analyzed for professional variation. Awareness showed a strong correlation between professional levels in most parameters and a generalized moderate to good awareness on hygiene, oral-systemic relation and need for treatment.

Keywords: Awareness, Gingivitis, Oral Hygiene, Periodontal disease, Professional status

[1] Hinrichs JE, Novak M J. Classification of Diseases and Conditions affecting the Periodontium. In: Newman MG, Carranza FA,
Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, editors. Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 11th ed: A South East Asia Edition. Saunders: Elsevier. p
60-81
[2] Loesche WJ. Microbiology of Dental Decay and Periodontal Disease. In: Baron S. Medical Microbiology 4th Edn.
[3] Kolawole KA, Otuyemi OD, Oziegbe EO. The relationship between malocclusion, lip competence and gingival health in a group of
schoolchildren. Rev Clín Pesq Odontol 2010;6:239-47
[4] Gusmão ES, de Queiroz RDC, de Souza Coelho R, Cimões R, dos Santos RL. Association between malpositioned teeth and
periodontal disease. Dental Press J Orthod 2011;16:87-94.
[5] Otomo-Corgel J. Periodontal Therapy in the Female Patient. In: Newman MG, Carranza FA, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, editors.
Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 11th ed: A South East Asia Edition. Saunders: Elsevier. p 566-78

Abstract: Brain abscess is an intracranial suppurative infection in young children, usually with underlying infection or predisposing factors. Commonly seen in neonates and children between 4-8 years age. It is caused by extension from sinusitis, orbital cellulitis, chronic suppurative otitis media, mastoiditis, congenital heart disease, soft tissue infection of face and scalp, dental infections complicated pneumonia immunodeficiency states, infection of ventriculoperitoneal shunts and penetrating injuries. Mortality is high, upto 60%, if not diagnosed early and treated immediately. We report a 21 months old girl who presented with cryptogenic cerebral abscess

Keywords: Brain abscess, children, cryptogenic

[1]. Charles G, Prober and rubhni Mathew. Brain abscess. Nelson text book of paediatrics. 20th edition. 2015; 2949-2950.
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Br.MedJ. 1977;2:991.
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prognosis. Clinic paediatr (Phila). 1978; 738-746.

Abstract: Breastfeeding is essential nutritional source of the child for the first 6 months of life after delivery. Delay in initiation and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months causes harmful effect to both mother and child. In rural areas with poor socio economics status, lack of health education, and lack of motivation creates problems in promotion of breastfeeding practice. Present study was conducted in the rural field with sample size of 450 cases from January 2015 to June 2015 to evaluate the pattern of breastfeeding initiation and continuation...........

Keywords: Breastfeeding Pattern, Rural Block, West Bengal

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2013), PP 37-41. www.isorjournals.org
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[4]. The ministry of Health and Family Welfare National Family Health Survey 3 (NFHS-3)2007 India.
[5]. Chudasama RK, Amin CD et al. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and its determinants in first 6 months of life: A prospective
study. Online J Health Allied Scs. 2009;8(1):3

Abstract: Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS) also known as Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder with complete penetrance but quite variable expressivity. It is characterized by multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas (BCCs), Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs), palmar & plantar pits, skeletal abnormalities & medulloblastomas. BCCs & KCOTs are the most common incident manifestations of the syndrome. KCOT is 2nd most common feature associated with NBCCS............

Keywords: Follicular, KCOT, NBCCS, odontogenic, radiographically

[1]. Acharya S, Panda S, Dhull K, Sahu S, Ray P. Gorlin Syndrome with Bilateral Polydactyly: A rare case report. Int J Clin Paediatr Dent 2013;6(3):208-212
[2]. Basanti D, Binodini B, Sibasish P, Subhransu S, Manas R. Gorlin Syndrome. Indian J Dermatol 2013;58:241
[3]. Priya Shirish Joshi, Vijay Deshmukh, Someshwar Golgire. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome. Dental Research Journal 2012;9(1):100-107
[4]. Luana E, Ana P, Andre C, Maria I,Clovis A, Fabio A. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor related to nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: Clinicopathological Study. Braz J Oral Sci. 2013;12(1):23-29
[5]. Hemavathy S, Roy S. Follicular odontogenic keratocyst Mimicking dentigerous cyst-report of two cases. Archives of Oral Sciences & Research 2011;1(2):100-103

Abstract: Background: The role of oral radiology in various aspects of dentistry cannot be overemphasized be it preventive, curative or rehabilitative. Hence, it is essential to know the perception of radiologists and other dental professionals for a better insight into the expected function scope of this branch Objectives: To determine how oral and maxillofacial radiologists' and non-radiology departments define the scope of oral radiology in India. Materials andMethod: The participants comprised of both oral radiologists and other dental specialists, who were asked to grade/rank six statements on "How best do you define an oral radiologist?" in the form of a questionnaire............

Keywords: Oral and maxillofacial radiologist; radiation safety; non radiologist; operational skills; scope

[1] White S.C, Pharoah M.J. In: Oral Radiology Principles and Interpretation. 5th ed. United States: St. Louis, Mo. Mosby, 2004, pp 9. [2] Shetty S.R, Shaikh M.M, Babu S.G:Oral medicine and radiology- the Indian scenario.J Contemp Med Edu 2013; 1: 59-61
[3] Berbaum KS, El-Khoury GY, Franken EA Jr, Kathol MH, Montgomery WJ, Hesson W. Impact ofclinical history on fracture detection with radiography. American Journal of Roentgenology 2000; 175:1233–1238

[4] Eng J, Mysko W. K, Weller G.E.R, Renard R., Gitlin, G.N, Bluemke D.A. et al: Interpretation of Emergency Department Radiographs: A Comparison of Emergency Medicine Physicians with Radiologists, Residents with Faculty, and Film with Digital Display, American Journal of Roentgenology 2000;175:1233–1238

[5] Appendix III - Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 by the Government of India

Abstract: Introduction: Screening, important in preventive medicine, preeclampsia affects 5-8% of pregnant women, it is the most frequent medical complication in pregnancy and the most important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. In the past two decades ultrasonography has proved to the safest, easiest, and most accurate method for assessing placental location. Some of non-invasive studies in second trimester of pregnancy revealed defective uterine perfusion in laterally implanted placenta.........

Keywords: Placental laterality, preeclampsia, central placenta

[1] Williams's obstetrics, 24th edition. Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnacy.
[2] Dr. Pai Muralidhar V, Pillai Jyothi – placental lateriality by ultrasound – a simple yet reliable predictive test for preeclampsia. - J
obstet Gynecol India Vol. 55, No. 5: September / October, 2005 Pg: 431-433.
[3] Kofinas AD, Penry M. Siman NV, Swain M. International Relationship and clinical significance of increased resistance in uterine
arteries in hypertension or preeclampsia. American Journal Obstet Gynecol 1992: 166: 601-6.
[4] Kofinas AD, Espeland MA, Peny M, Swain M, Hatijis CG – utero placental doppler flow velocity wave form indices normal
pregnancy a statistical exercise and the development of appropriate references value. American Journal of perinatology 1992; 9 (2):
94-101.
[5] Practical obstetric problems – Ian Donald's sixth edition

Abstract: Knee injuries are common, especially when taking part in sports persons. Injuries to soft tissues, such as ligaments, cartilage and tendons are commonly encountered. Damage to the bone also can occur.1 The knee joint is a compound type of synovial joint and due to the lack of bony support, stability of the joint is highly dependent on its supporting ligamentous structures, and therefore injuries of ligaments and menisci are extremely common.2 T1 or proton density-weighted sequences are most suitable for visualizing the ligamentous anatomy. T2 or STIR sequences with fat saturation are essential to demonstrate bone marrow edema............

Keywords: Knee joint MRI, Ultrasonogrphy, Menisci, cruciate ligament, collateral ligament, cysts around knee, joint effusion, degenerative joint disease, bone marrow edema, Osseous and osteochondral injuries

[1] Kapur S, Wissman RD, Robertson M, et al. (2009)Acute knee dislocation: review of an elusive entity. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol; 38(6):237-50.
[2] David K B Li, Mark E Adams, J Pat McConkey. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ligaments and Menisci of the Knee. Radiol Clin North Am 1986; 24(2):209-227.
[3] Nikken JJ, Oei Ehg, Giynai AZ et al. Acute Perihery Joint injury : cost and effectiveof low field strength MR imaging results of randomized controlled trials . Radiology 2005 ;236;958 -67
[4] Wang CY, Wang HK, Hsu CY, Shieh JY, Wang TG, Jiang CC. (2007) [Best Evidence] Role of sonographic examination in traumatic knee internal derangement. Arch Phys Med Rehabil; 88(8):984-7.
[5] Lee K Siegel Mj, Lau DM. ACL Tears: MR imaging based diagnosis in a pediatric population. Radiology 1994; 213:697-704

Abstract: Some of the objectives for the development of implant surface modifications are to improve the clinical performance in areas with poor quantity or quality of bone, to accelerate the bone healing and thereby allowing immediate or early loading protocols and also stimulating bone growth in order to permit implant placement in sites that lack sufficient residual alveolar ridge.The goal of this review was to introduced the contemporary knowledge about the influencing factors affecting the osteointegration process of dental implants...........

Keywords: Anodic oxidation, Grit-blasting, Acid-etching, plasma sraying, ca. sulphate coating Nanotechnology

[1] Siegel RW, Fougere GE. Mechanical properties of Nanophasemetals. Nanostruct Mater 1995;6:205-16
[2] T. Albrektsson, P. I. Branemark, H. A. Hansson, and J. Lindstrom, "Osseointegrated titanium implants. Requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man," ActaOrthop. Scand., vol. 52, pp. 155-170, 1981.
[3] L. F. Cooper, "A role for surface topography in creating and maintaining bone at titanium endosseous implants," J. Prosthet. Dent., vol. 84, pp. 522-534, Nov. 2000.
[4] J. E. Ellingsen, "Surface configurations of dental implants", Periodontol. 2000, vol. 17, pp. 36-46, June 1998.
[5] A. Wennerberg and T. Albrektsson, "Effects of titanium surface topography on bone integration: a systematic review," Clin. Oral Implants Res., vol. 20, Suppl 4, pp. 172-184, Sep. 2009

Abstract: Background: It is estimated that globally 222 million women in developing countries are motivated for using contraception techniques but they don't use any method of contraception. The main reasons for this disparity include limited access to contraception, fear of experience of side effects, cultural or religious opposition, poor quality of available services, gender based barriers1,14. Objectives:To evaluate the factors which influences the women's decision on sterilization. Methodology: This retrospective study conducted at Sri Ramachandra Medical Collegeduring the study period of January – December 2015with sample size of 2097 multiparous women............

[1]. Fatemehnajafi – shanjabad, hejalabdulrahman, muhammadhanafiah&sajahzaimiyahsyedyahya Iran j nurs midwifery res.2014 fed
19(7supp1): S 19-s27 Spousal communicationon family planning &social support for contraceptive practices in a sample of
Malaysian women. Tramian of nursing and midwifery research.
[2]. Research article – men and reproductive health in rural Pakistan: the case for increased male participation M Ali, H Ushijima page
260 -266/ published online: 06 jul 2009.
[3]. Geneva world health organization; 2011. World health organization,unsafe abortion: global and regional estimates of incidence of
unsafe and associated in 2008, sixth edition.
[4]. Geneva: World health organization; 1998. WHO, unsafe abortion: Global and regional estimates of incidence and mortality due to
unsafe abortion with a listing of available country data