iosr-JDMS   Volume-16 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2017

Abstract: One of the most significant events in the life of the aging man is retirement. Even though retirement brings about some expected disruptions in the life of a person, it is obvious that some are more affected than others are (Atchley, 1976). Retirement is clearly listed as one of the stressful life events where a person feels discriminated from society and has to undergo numerous readjustments. It is then but natural to experience symptoms of anxiety, depression, frustration, diminished sense of worth, shattered self-esteem and morale. Studies done by Dhillon and Milbander (1992) showed that retired men were more tense, anxious and psychologically demoralized than working men.

[1]. Agarwal, K (1998): Retirement and Work- an India case-study of Male senior Citizens in an urban setting. International Sociological Association (1998).
[2]. Ahuja, N (1995): Geriatric psychiatry: In Textbook of Postgraduate Psychiatry (p.899). Jaypee Publications, Delhi, 1990.
[3]. Aldcroft, J. (1964): Cited in N. Jani Study of NTC mill workers-Ahmedabad, Project report (p 10) 2000.
[4]. Aldrich, C. and Lipman, R (1976): Cited in G. Menachery Retirement: A new social phenomenon.In Retirement in India: A Psychosocial Study (p 16), Vianney publications, AP 1987.
[5]. Anant, S (1967) and Bromley, DB. (1977): Cited in G. Menachery Review of studies on retirement. In Retirement in India: a Psychosocial study (p 251) Vianney publication, AP 1987.

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome refers to a cluster of risk factors that are associated with increased risk of development of heart disease and diabetes. Metabolic syndrome is also known as Insulin Resistance Syndrome1 or Raven Syndrome or Syndrome X. Many of the characteristics of metabolic syndrome are risk factors associated with either Type II diabetes or heart disease or both. According to National Cholesterol Education Programme (NCEP, ATP-III) guidelines, metabolic syndrome should be diagnosed when three or more of these risk factors2 are present.

[1]. Insulin Resistance Syndrome - Dr. Gowtham Rao, M.D., University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, St. Margaret, Pitts burgh, Pennsylvania
[2]. Defronzo, R.A., Ferrarnini, E., Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclrotic cardio vascular disease. Diabetes care, 1991; 14 : 173 - 94.
[3]. Incremental life style charges can ward if syndrome X - by Dr. Reddy, Chariman, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic Foundation.
[4]. Hunter SJ, Garvey WT : Insulin Action and Insulin Resistance : Diseases involving defects in insulin receptors, signal transduction and the glucose from post effector system, Am J Med 1998, 105(4) : 331 - 45(Medline)
[5]. Lindeman, R.D., Romero, L.J., Hundley, R., Prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease in an elderly, biethnic population, Diabettes care, 1998, June : 21(6) : 959 - 66 (Medline).

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study is to present an experience gained at a centre on PCNL and its outcome Methodology: A prospective study of patients who underwent PCNL during the period of October, 2016 to February, 2017 at Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital, Nadiad, India. Both the standard and mini PCNL techniques were used accordingly. Various intracorporeal lithotriptors were used as indicated. A structured questionnaire was used to get relevant information. Statistical analysis was performed with statistical package for the social science (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA) version 20.0............

Key Words: Percutaneous, nephrolithotomy, stone

[1]. Scales CD, Jr, Smith AC, Hanley JM, Saigal CS. Urologic Diseases in America Project. Prevalence of kidney stones in the United
States. Eur Urol. 2012;62:160–165
[2]. Fernstorm I, Johansson B, "Percutaneous pyelolithotomy. A new extraction technique," Scand J Urol & Nephr. 1976; 10: 257–259.
[3]. Assimos D, Krambeck A, Preminger GM, Miller NL, Monga M, Hassan MM et al. Surgical Management Of Stones:American
Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline 2015.
[4]. Türk C, T. Knoll T, Petrik A, Sarica K, Skolarikos A, Straub M, Seitz C. Guidelines on urolithiasis . Eur Assoc. Urol 2015
[5]. Desai MR, Sharma R, Mishra S, Sabnis RS, Stief C, Bader M. Single-step percutaneous nephrolithotomy (microperc): the initial
clinical report. J Urol. 2011;186:140-145.

Abstract: Aim: To compare the surgical outcomes of PCNLs performed using our modified supine position with those performed in the standard prone position Materials and Methods: 60 patients undergoing Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, at Department of Urology, Government Stanley Medical College & Hospital, between June 2016 to Jan 2017, were included in the study, and randomized to two groups of 30 each, the former undergoing PCNL in modified supine position and the latter undergoing Prone PCNL. Operative time, radiation time, number of punctures, stone free rate, length of hospital stay, and complications were compared.............

Keywords: PCNL, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, Supine Position, Renal Calculi

[1]. Turk C. Knoll T, Petrik A, Sarica K, Skolarikos A, Straub M,et al. Guidelines on urolithiasis [Internet] Arnhem (NL): European Aossciation of Urology; c2015 [cited 2015 May 23].
[2]. Valdivia JG, Scarpa RM, Duvdevani M, Gross AJ, Nadler RB,Nutahara K, et al. Supine versus prone position during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a report from the clinical research office of the endourological society percutaneous nephrolithotomy global study. J Endourol 2011;25:1619-25.
[3]. de la Rosette JJ, Tsakiris P, Ferrandino MN, et al. Beyond prone position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A comprehensive review. Eur Urol 2008;54:1262-1269
[4]. Manohar T, Jain P, Desai M. Supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Effective approach to high-risk and morbidly obese patients. J Endourol 2007;21:44-49.
[5]. Yamaguchi A, Skolarikos A, Buchholz NP, et al. Operating times and bleeding complications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A comparison of tract dilation methods in 5,537 patients in the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Global Study. J Endourol 2011;25:933-939.

Abstract: Arteriovenous(AV) accesses are the lifeline for Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and providing a durable access is a challenge for every vascular surgeon. The maturation of autogenous AV accesses at 4-6 weeks is the biggest hurdle more than the creation of AV access. There are many traditional preoperative predictors for Arteriovenous fistula( AVF) maturation including old age female sex, obesity, smoking, presents of atherosclerotic risk factors like Coronary Artery Disease(CAD), Cerebrovascular Disease(CVD), Peripheral Vascular Disease(PAD), Diabetes Mellitus..........

Keywords: AVF maturation, Reactive hyperaemia,Spiral laminar flow

[1]. Alik Farber, Peter B Imrey, Thomas S Huber , James M Kaufman, Larry W Kraiss, Brett Larive, Liang Li, Harold I Feldman,Multiple Pre-Operative and Intra-Operative Factors Predict Early Fistula Thrombosis in the Hemodialysis Fistula Maturation Study, Journal of Vascular Surgery, 63 (1), 2016 163-70 e6
[2]. Martin Michael Ferring, An investigation into factors predicting patency and maturation of arteriovenous fistulae used for haemodialysis in end stage renal disease, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom, 2012
[3]. JohnWHallett, Joseph L Mills,Comprehensive vascular and endovascular surgery, (John F.Kennedy Blvd, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2009)
[4]. RaghavWusirika, PandurangaRao,Effect of Clopidogrel on Arteriovenous Fistulas for Dialysis, JAMA 300(14), 2008 1647-1649
[5]. Cronenwett and Johnston, Rutherford's vascular surgery, (John F.Kennedy Blvd, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2014)

Abstract: Objectives : The aim of study is to compare the preoperative and postoperative endothelial cell counts in Diabetic and Non-Diabetics in age matched population, after small incision cataract surgery. And to study the visual outcome in age matched diabetics and non diabetics after small incision cataract surgery. Study Design And Setting: This is a prospective, cohort, comparative study. It was carried out in the department of ophthalmology,J.L.N. Medical College and Hospital, AJMER. Two hundred (200) patients of senile cataract fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected from the outpatient department of J.L.N. medical college, Ajmer. Patients in each group were operated by the same surgeon using similar surgical technique. These patients were divided into two groups...........

Keyword:- Diabetics, Endothelial cell density, Central corneal thickness.

[1]. Thakur SKD ,Dan A, Singh MI , Banerjee AI, Ghosh A, Bhaduri GI : "Endothelial cell loss after small incision cataract surgery" NepalJ Ophthalmol. 3 (6) : 177-180 ;2011
[2]. Morikubo S , Takamura Y , Kubo E, Tsuzuki S, Akagi Y , " Corneal changes after small-incision cataract surgery in patients with Diabetes Mellitus", Arch Ophthalmol.2004:122(7): 966-969. doi: 10.1001 /archopht.122.7.966.
[3]. Mathew PT, David S,Thomas N, "Endothelial cell loss and central corneal thickness in patients with and without diabetes after manual small incision cataract surgery", Cornea.2011 Apr;30(4):424-8.
[4]. Mikkel Hugod, Allan Storr-paulsen, Gens Christian Norregaard, Jair Nicolini, Allan Boy Larsen and Jasper Thulesen. "Corneal endothelial cell changes associated with cataract surgery in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus". Cornea 2011;30:749-53.doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e31820142d9.
[5]. Sudhir RR, Raman R, Sharma T. "Changes in the corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus": a population-based study, Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy and Molecular Genetics Study (SN-DREAMS, Report 23) Cornea. 2013;31(10):1119–1122.

Abstract: Introduction: Mobile phones have become one of the most indispensable accessories of professional and social life, worldwide being easily accessible, economical and user-friendly Reports from Western nations have suggested that mobile phones are more often dirtier than toilet seats, (as toilet seats are often disinfected). toilet seats usually contained three different types of bacteria but mobile phones on an average housed some 10- 12 different types of fungi and bacteria., In U.S. hospitals hospital acquired infections cause 1.7 million infections per year and are associated with approximately 100,000 deaths. It is estimated that one third of these infections could be prevented by adhering to standard infection control guidelines.............

[1]. Annand JW, Bajaj N, Sheth A, Burgess J, Brooke JS. Potential pathogens and effective disinfectants on public telephones at a large
urban United States university. Journal of environmental health. 2009;71:24.
[2]. Nikolic M, Arandjelovic M, Stankovic A, Krivokapic L. Bacterial contamination of mobile phones used in hospitals.
HEALTHMED. 2011;5:1254-1259.
[3]. Lee YJ, Yoo CG, Lee CT, Chung HS, Kim YW, Han SK, Yim, JJ. Contamination rates between smart cell phones and non-smart
cell phones of healthcare workers. Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2013;8:144–147. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2011
[4]. Tunç K, Olgun U. Microbiology of public telephones. The Journal of infection. 2006;53:140-143.
[5]. Abdollahi A, Mahfouzi S. Bacterial contamination of Hospital Telephones. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2010;26(3):747-
750

Abstract: Introduction: Vitamin B12, a water soluble vitamin plays a pivotal role in DNA synthesis, Haemopoesis and maintenance of functional integrity of nervous system. A known pharmacological cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency is prolonged use of Metformin. This study intends to estimate and compare the Vitamin B12 levels among Type2 DM patients with or without Metformin. Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of 227 patients divided into 121 patients on Metformin monotherapy and 106 patients on other oral hypoglycemic agents and Insulin monotherapy or combination therapy. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations including serum Vitamin B12 levels Was Conducted...........

Keywords: Metformin, Vitamin B12, Type 2 DM

[1]. Bouchoucha M, Uzzan B, Cohen R. Metformin and digestive disorders.Diabetes Metab.2011; 37: 90–6.
[2]. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes–2014. Diabetes Care 37 Suppl. 2014; 1: S14–80.
[3]. Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, et al.Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care.2009; 32: 193–203.
[4]. Ko SH, Kim SR, Kim DJ, Oh SJ, Lee HJ, et al.Clinical practice guidelines for type 2 diabetes in Korea. Committee of ClinicalPractice Guidelines, Korean Diabetes Association. Diabetes Metab J.2011; 35:431–436.
[5]. Turner LW, Nartey D, Stafford RS, Singh S, Alexander GC. Ambulatory treatment of type 2 diabetes in the U.S., 1997–2012. Diabetes Care.2014; 37: 985–92.

Abstract: Ossifying fibromas is a rare, benign fibro-osseous neoplasm of the jaw characterized by substitution of normal bone by fibrous tissues and newly formed calcified products such as bone, cementum or both and is thought to originate from the periodontal ligament. It is a well-demarcated lesion that can be differentiated from fibrous dysplasia. The overlapping clinical and histopathological features of these subtypes have led to diagnostic dilemma and confusion. Hereby, we report a rare case of ossifying fibroma arising in the maxilla of a 55-year-old female patient together with histologic and imaging findings.

Keywords: Ossifying Fibroma; Fibro-osseous lesions; Fibrous dysplasia.

[1]. Eversole LR, Leider AS, Nelson K. Ossifying fibroma: a clinicopathologic study of sixty-four cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1985;60:505-11.
[2]. Huebner GR, Brenneise CV, Ballenger J. Central ossifying fibroma of the anterior maxilla. Report of a case. J Am Dent assoc 1988;116:507–10.
[3]. Su L, Weathers DR, Waldron CA. Distinguishing features of focal cemento-osseous dysplasia and cemento-ossifying fibromas. II. A clinical and radiologic spectrum of 316 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1997;84:540-9.
[4]. Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the mandible: Presentation of a case and review of the literature. J Clin Exp Dent. 2011; 3(1): e66-69.
[5]. MacDonald-Jankowski DS. Ossifying fibroma:a systematic review. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2009;38:495-513.
[6]. Yih WY, Pederson GT, Bartley MH. Multiple familial ossifying fibromas: Relationship to other osseous lesions of the jaws. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1989;68:754-8.

Abstract: Plasma cell myeloma is a monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells of bone-marrow derivation, usually multicentric, that eventually infiltrates various organs but rarely produces plasma cell leukaemia1. It is characterized by osteolytic lesions, bone pain, hypercalcemia, a monoclonal gammopathy, and disorders due to depositon of abnormal immunoglobulin chains (amyloid) in various tissues, including kidney1. Plasmacytoma can present clinically as multiple myeloma (MM), solitary bone neoplasm (SBP) and extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP).

[1]. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone, WHO 2013
[2]. Rao K, Priya NS, Umadevi HS, Smitha T, Reshma V, Grace SA. Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma of the maxilla: A rare case report. Int. Journal of Clinical Dental Science 2011; 2:37-40.
[3]. Pisano JJ, Coupland R, Cen SY, Miller AS. Plasmacytoma of oral cavity and jaws: a clinical pathological study of 13 cases. Oral surg Oral med Oral pathol Oral radiol Endod 1997; 83:265-71.
[4]. Segmundo AVL, Falcao MFL, Filho RCL, Soares MS, Lopez JL, Kustner EC. Multiple Myeloma with primary manifestation in the mandible: A case report. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2008; 13:232
[5]. Marotta S, Di Micco P. Solitary plasmacytoma of the jaw. Journal of Blood Medicine 2010; 1:33-36.

Abstract: Objective: Reports on incidence and trends of various cancers in India come from data compiled by National Cancer Registry Program (NCRP) through 29 population based (PBCR) and 29 hospital based cancer registry (HBCR). Despite this, several states in India including Jharkhand does not have either HBCR or PBCR and information regarding incidence and trends of various cancers including cervical cancers is lacking. In the absence of an established cancer registry, data from our institute which is the largest tertiary cancer center of Jharkhand may be important to understand the demographics of cancer in this part of country. Methods: We did this retrospective study to examine the incidence and trends of carcinoma of uterine cervix at our institute Among 520 patients of cancer identified from 2014 till date, carcinoma of uterine cervix comprised of 30.57% of all cancer cases...........

Keywords: Carcinoma cervix, Incidence, Jharkhand, India

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[4]. Boring CC, Squires TS, Tong T. Cancer statistics, 1992. CA: A cancer Journal for Clinicians. 1992; 1:19-38.
[5]. World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. pp. Chapter 5.12. ISBN 9283204298.
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Abstract: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the awareness of occupational hazards among dental practitioners in and around Pondicherry and also to evaluate the dental radiography related practices in their clinics. Material and methods: A self administered pretested and validated questionnaire was used to collect the data from the practising dentists .82 dentists responded of which 71 was included in the study as the rest of them fell into the exclusion criteria. Results: The awareness of occupational hazards was 98.6%. Work related stress and posture were considered to be the most common cause affecting the well being. 90.1% of dentists had x ray units in their clinics. Use of digital and conventional films were almost equal............

Keywords: Dentists, occupational hazards, dental radiographs, radiation exposure.

[1]. Fatemeh Ezoddini , Vahid Serrayesh. Knowledge of correct prescription of radiograph among dentists in Yazd ,Iran. J Dent Rest
Clin Persp. 2008.2(3), 95-98.
[2]. Memon A, Godward S Williams, D Siddique, Al Seleh. Dental xrays and the risk of thyroid cancer –a case control study. Acta
Oncol.2010,49(4);447-53.
[3]. B S Aravind,E Tatu Joy,K Shashi,J Augene,S Sajesh,R Dhas. Attitude and awareness of general dental practitioners toward
radiation hazard and safety. J Pharm Bioallied Sci.2016,10(8);553-58.
[4]. Byung-Do Lee, Jon B Lendlow. Attitude of Korean dentists towards radiation safety and selection criteria. Imaging Sci in Dentistry.
2013.43;179-84.

Abstract: Magnificent and complex, eyes are the most important organ of the human body. An ocular defect has both psychological and physiological effect on the patient. A removable custom made or stock ocular acrylic prostheses is a better option than implant retained ocular acrylic prostheses due to economic factors and it also helps uplift the patient psychologically and improve the confidence. This article presents a case treated with a stock ocular acrylic prostheses which has good adaptation and esthetics. The stock ocular prostheses showed movement in coordination with contra lateral side eye.

Keywords: Ocular defect; Evisceration; Enucleation; Stock ocular prostheses.

[1]. Rajiv Kumar Gupta.et.al., Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Post Evisceration Patient with Custom Made Ocular Prosthesis: A Case
Report, J Indian ProsthodontSoc, Apr-June 2012, 12(2):108–112.
[2]. Perman KI, Baylis HI (1988) Evisceration, enucleation, and exenteration. OtolaryngolClin North Am 21:171–182.
[3]. Cain JR. Custom ocular prosthetics. J Prosthet Dent 1982; 48:690-94.
[4]. Beumer III J, Zlotolow I. Restoration of facial defects- Etiology, disability and rehabilitation. Beumer III J. Maxillofacial
Rehabilitation: Prosthodontic and Surgical Considerations. CV MosbyCo, 1979; 348-64.
[5]. Chalian VA. Treating the patients with facial defects. Laney WR. Maxillofacial Prosthetics. PSG Publishing Co Inc, 1979; 284-307.

Abstract: Immunohistochemical detection of basal cells is widely used to help in the diagnosis or exclusion of prostatic carcinoma in a diagnostically challenging cases. The objective of this study was at evaluating the role and comparing the sensitivity and specificity of HMWCK and p63 in prostatic lesions. This was a retrospective study carried out in our institution on 150 lesions. It was found that p63 is more sensitive than HMWCK in identifying the basal cells in diagnostically challenging cases.

Keywords: Gleason's grading, HMWCK , p63, Prostatic lesions.

[1]. Andrew R. Dodson, Christopher S. Foster - The role of immunohistochemistry in the problematic prostatic biopsy; Recent advances in histopathology - 21, 105 - 136.
[2]. Dalia El - DEEB. Immunohistochemical localization of p63 in normal and proliferative condition of the Human prostate. The Egyptian journal Vol. 30 No.2 Dec 25 - 266 2007.
[3]. Gladell P. Panes, Daniel S. Luthringer and Michael B. Amin [2008]. Best practice in diagnostic immunohistochemistry: Prostate carcinoma and biopsies. Archives of pathology and laboratory medicine Vol. 132, September 2008 PP: 1388 - 1396.
[4]. Katia R. M. Leite et al. The use of immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of prostate. INT. Brazjurol. 2010;36:583 -
[5]. Ms. Shiran et al. P63 as a complementary Basal cell specific marker to high molecular weight - cytokeratin in distinguishing prostatic carcinoma from benign prostatic lesions. MedjMalaysia Vol 62 No.1 March 2007.p36

Abstract: We report a rare case of prevertebral cold abscess from L5 to S2 with multiple skip lesions in a 35 year old female, who presented to us with chronic backache . She was on anti tubercular drug therapies per RNTCP for a period of 9 month Repeat MRI after 6 month showed resolution of skip lesion in vertebral bodies but pre and para vertebral abscess in the sacral region persisted inspite of AKT. So afte 9months of AKT abscess was aspirated and pus sent for culture sensitivity which showed Micobacterium Tuberculosis which was sensitive to isoniazide and rifamicin.

[1]. Bhojraj S, Nene A (2002) Lumbar and lumbosacral tuberculous spondylodiscitis in adults: redefining the indications for surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Br 84:530–534
[2]. Tuli, S.M. Tuberculosis of the spine. In : Tuli S.M. ed. Tuberculosis of the skeletal system. J.P. Brothers, New Delhi 1991, 132, 253.
[3]. Wurtz, R. Quader Z. Simon D. Langer B. lumbosacral tuberculous vertebral osteomyelitis : a case report and discussion of literature. Clin. Infect Dis. 1993, June, 16 (6): 8006. [4]. Rajasekaran S, Shanmugasundaram TK, Prabhakar R, Dheenadhayalan J (1998) Tuberculous lesions of the lumbosacral region: a 15-year follow-up of patients treated by ambulant chemotherapy. Spine 10:1163–1167 [5]. Punn WK, Chow SP, Cheng CL, Hsu LCS, Leong JCY (1990) Tuberculosis of the lumbosacral junction: long-term follow-up of 26 cases. J Bone Joint Surg Br 72:675–678

Abstract: Dr. Archie Brain developed a new way of linking artificial and anatomical airway, between 1981 and 1987.This new concept called Laryngeal Mask Airway combined the advantages of a no n invasive facemask and the more invasive tracheal tube. Originally LMA was recommended as a better alternative to the face mask. But ever since its development the LMA has challenged the assumption that tracheal intubation is the only acceptable way to ma intain a clear airway and provide positive pressure ventilation. Though LMA provided all the above advantages, the risk of gastric distension, pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents and fear of inadequate ventilation acted as a deterrent to the widespread use of LMA

[1]. Hohlrieder m, brimacombe j, escherizhuber s, ulmer h, kelle r c et al in 2007
[2]. Hohlrieder m, brimacombe j, von goedecke a, keller c et al in 2007
[3]. Miller dm, comporota l, et al in 2006
[4]. Piper sn, triem jg, rohm kd, maleck wh, schollhorn ta, boldt j, et al in 2004.
[5]. Giuseppe natalini md, gabriella lanza md, antonio rosa no md, et al in 2002

Abstract: Background: The Body Mass Index is a measure of nutritional status, which when abnormal can indicate the risk of developing diseases. The aim of the study is to determine the association between social determinants of health and the Body Mass Index among women aged 15 - 49 years in Nigeria. Methodology: This was a secondary data analysis of the NDHS 2013 Kid Recode dataset. SPSS 23 statistical software was used to analyze the data. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of respondents was 29.5±7.0 years, with mean weight of 64.1±7.5 kilograms and mean height was 1.64±0.67 metres. The prevalence of underweight was 8.7%, while 18.3% were overweight and 7% were Obese............

Keywords: Social determinants, Body Mass Index, Women

[1]. World Health Organization (WHO). Social Determinants of Health 2015 [11/05/2016]. Available from: www.who.int-social determinants
[2]. CDC. Social Determinants 2015 [11/05/2016]. Available from: www.cdc.gov>socialdeterminants.
[3]. Association CPH. What are Social Determinants of Health. Available from: www.cpha.ca.frontlinehealth.sdh.
[4]. UNICEF. Improving Child Nutrition: The Achievable Imperative for Global Progress. New York: 2013.
[5]. G.A M. Patriarchy and Gender Inequality in Nigeria : The Way Foward. European Scientific Journal. 2013;9(17):115-44.

Abstract: NUG is characterized by necrosis and sloughing of gingival tissues and presents with pain, spontaneous bleeding, necrosis of the interdental papillae and halitosis. Various predisposing factors responsible for NUG are psychological stress, immune deficiency, hormonal imbalance, malnutrition, poor oral hygiene, smoking etc. The disease if not treated on further progression can lead to necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis and noma. This rare case report is first of its kind, describes the diagnosis and management of a pregnant patient in her third trimester(eighth month) who presented with the complaint of severe pain in gums with the characteristic signs and symptoms suggestive of NUG............

Keywords: Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis, Hormonal imbalance, Stress, Management

[1]. B.Sivapathasundharam. Diseases of the Periodontium.In Shafer‟s textbook of Oral Pathology, 5th ed: Elsevier Inc;2008:515
[2]. M.O. Folayan.The Epidemiology,Etiology and Pathophysiology of NUG associated with malnutrition. The Journal of Contemporary dental practice 2004;5(3)
[3]. Walter J.Loesche, Salam A. Syed. The Bacteriology of NUG. J Periodontol 1982;53(4):223-230.
[4]. Phillip T.Marucha .Acute gingival Infection.In Newman, Takei, Klokkevold, Carranza. Carranza‟s Clinical Periodontology, 10th ed: Elsevier Inc; 2009:391
[5]. Rowland R. Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis. Ann Periodontal 1999;65(4)

Abstract: Carcinoma larynx has a propensity for metastasis in neck nodes. Distant metastasis in larynx cancer are rare and the usual sites are lung, liver and bones. We report a case of carcinoma larynx post local treatment presenting with distant metastasis in abdominal wall. This diagnosis was made on clinical suspicion and confirmed by cytology and abdominal imaging.

Keywords: Carcinoma larynx, distant metastasis, abdominal wall

[1]. Spector GJ. Distant metastases from laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer.
[2]. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2001; 63(4):224-8.
[3]. Yücel OT, Yilmaz T, Unal OF, Turan E. Distant metastases in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 1999;18(3):285-8.
[4]. Hsu LP, Chen PR. Distant Metastases of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas-Experience from Eastern Taiwan. Tzu Chi Med J.2005;17(2):99-104
[5]. Haas I, Hauser U, Ganzer U: The dilemma of follow-up in head and neck cancer patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2001; 258:177-183.

Abstract: In recent times, intraoperative awareness during anesthesia has gained lot of discussion due to rise in medico legal problems and a cause of embarrassment for anaesthesiologists. Various monitoring are in use for assessing anesthesia depth and with the passage of time significant advancement has been made. Now a days, electroencephalogram (EEG) based monitoring has been under use and lot of discussion has been underway for them (e.g BISpectral index and EEG response to auditory, visual, somatosensory response). But both have inherent disadvantages of having wide inter individual variations, lack of linearity in dose response and different behaviors for different anaesthetic agents.

[1]. Bruhn J, Lehmann LE, Ropcke H, Bouillon TW, Hoeft A. Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the
electroencephalographic effects of desflurane. Anesthesiology. 2001;95:30–5.
[2]. Vanluchene AL, Vereecke H, Thas O, Mortier EP, Shafer SL, Struys MM . Spectral entropy as an electroencephalographic
measure of anesthetic drug effect: a comparison with bispectral index and processed midlatency auditory evoked
response. Anesthesiology 2004;101:34-42
[3]. Vakkuri A, Yli-Hankala A, Talja P, et al. Time-frequency balanced spectral entropy as a measure of anesthetic drug effect in
central nervous system during sevoflurane, propofol, and thiopental anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand2004;48:145-53
[4]. Vakkuri A, Yli-Hankala A, Sandin R, et al . Spectral entropy monitoring is associated with reduced propofol use and faster
emergence in propofol–nitrous oxide–alfentanil anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2005;103:274-9
[5]. Vanluchene AL, Struys MM, Heyse BE, Mortier EP. Spectral entropy measurement of patient responsiveness during propofol and
remifentanil. A comparison with the bispectral index. Br J Anaesth 2004;93:645-54.

Abstract: Laminate veneer restorations have a unique position in today's dental practice,they are used to optimize tooth form and position, close diastema,replace discoloured or unaesthetic composite resin restorations. These are conservative restorations a factor which is essentially important. This case report presented describes a minimal invasive treatment of four maxillary anteriors with gurels technique. A step-by-step protocol is proposed for diagnostic evaluation,mock-up fabrication and trial, teeth preparation and impression, and adhesive cementation.

Keywords: Adhesive, Esthetics, Laminates, Porcelain, Veneers

[1]. GalipGürel, Science and Art of Porcelain Laminate Veneers Author [2]. Smile Design Integrating Esthetics and Function 1st Edition
[3]. Jonathan Levine, Brian Millar,Essentials in Esthetic Dentistry.
[4]. George E Kirtley,The art of a beautiful smile
[5]. Mauro Fradeani, Esthetic rehabilitation in fixed prosthodontics

Abstract: Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome is defined as1) sustained eosinophilia more than 1500/mm3.2)absence of other causes of eosinophilia.3) multiorgan involvement. Very few case reports have been reported in the past of rheumatoid arthritis and Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. Here we report a rare case of 59 year old patient,known case of rheumatoid arthritis since the last ten years on DMARDS(Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatoid Drugs) who developed marked eosinophilia and multi-organ involvement in the form of stroke...........

Keywords: Eosinophilia,stroke,pleural effusion,urtricarial

[1]. Bonanno D1, Fedele R, Minciullo P, Quattrocchi P, Ferlazzo B. [Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome associated with rheumatoid arthritis. A case report].Reumatismo. 2003;55(3):181-3. [2]. Panush RS, Franco AE, Schur PH. Rheumatoid arthritis associated with eosinophilia. Ann Intern Med1971;75:199–205.
[3]. Davis P, Hughes GRV. Significance of eosinophilia in gold therapy. Arthritis Rheum1974;17:964–8. [4]. K. Chaudhuri, S. Dubey and G. Zaphiropoulos. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in a patient with long‐standing rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.Rheumatology (2002) 41 (3): 349-350. [5]. Winchester RJ, Litwin SD, Koffler D, Kunkel HG. Observations on the eosinophilia in certain patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum1971;14:650–65.

Abstract: The use of biologic therapy has revolutionarized treatment of many chronic diseases including several rheumatological disorders. However , biological agents are expensive and unaffordable. The follow-on generic products, also called as biosimilars are about to flood the pharmaceutical market. Biosimilars are not identical to the biological product but are attempted copies of existing biological product. They are different from the generic product in terms of efficacy, safety and immunogenicity. Hence complete awareness about their safety profile and efficacy is essential before prescribing to the patient. In this review , we discuss the usefulness of biosimilars , need for appropriate regulatory guidelines and their current status in rheumatology in India.

Keywords: Biological agents, efficacy, rheumatological agents

[1]. Krueger JG. The immunologic basis for the treatment of psoriasis with new biologic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;46:1-23.
[2]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for Industry: Quality considerations in demonstration biosimilarity to a reference protein product. Washington, DC: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2012 Ranjan N, Mahajan VK, Misra M. Biosimilars: The "future" of biologic therapy? J Dermatol Treat. 2011;22:319-22.
[3]. Puig L. Biosimilars in dermatology: Starting with infliximab. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2013;104:175-80 Nowicki M. Basic facts about biosimilars. Kidney Blood Press Res 2007;30:267-72.
[4]. Strober BE, Armour K, Romiti R, Smith C, Tebbey PW, Menter A, et al. Biopharmaceuticals and biosimilars in psoriasis: What the dermatologist needs to know. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012;66:317-22
[5]. http.//www.emea.eu.int/pdfs.human/biosimilar/4283205en.pdf

Abstract: Introduction: The measurement of the dialysis dose is a vital element in themanagement of chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance haemodialysis (HD). The dose of haemodialysis is expressed as (K urea x Td)/Vurea (abbreviated as Kt/V).Single-pool variable volume spKt/V is the most widely used at present is the following formulafor calculating Kt/V. Aim: To compare the Kt/V ratio obtained with theDaugirdas formula (D) with the results measured by an Online Clearance Monitor (OCM)..............

[1]. Collins A, Ma J, Umen A, Keshaviah P: Urea index and other predictors of hemodialysis patient survival. Am J Kidney Dis 1994;
23: 272-282 .
[2]. Held P, Port F, Wolfe R, Stannard D, Carroll C, Daugirdas J, Greer J, Hakim R: The dose of hemodialysis and patient mortality.
Kidney Int 1996; 50: 550-556.
[3]. Gotch F, Sargent J: A mechanistic analysis of the National Cooperative Dialysis Study (NCDS). Kidney Int 1985; 28: 526-534.
[4]. Hemodialysis Adequacy 2006, American Journal of Kidney DiseasesVOL 48, NO 1, SUPPL 1, JULY 2006.
[5]. Flaningan M, Fangman J, Lim V: Quantitating hemodialysis: A comparison of three kinetic models. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 17:
295-302.

Abstract: Avulsion or ex-articulation is a type of traumatic dental injury in which there is complete displacement of the tooth from its alveolar socket. The treatment option for this type of injury is reimplantation i.e. reinserting the tooth in its socket. The success of reimplantation depends on 2 factors: extra alveolar dry time (EODT) and vitality of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells attached to the tooth. The vitality of PDL cells further depends on the type of storage media used while transporting the avulsed tooth from the site of avulsion...........

Keywords: Avulsion, reimplantation, storage media.

[1]. Blomlof L. Milk and other media as possible storage media for traumatically exarticuled teeth prior to replantation. Swed Dent J. 1982;8:11–26. [2]. Alacam T, Gorgul G, Omurlu H, Can M. Lactate dehydrogenase activity in periodontal ligament cells stored in different transport media. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;82:321–3. [3]. Krasner P. Management of tooth avulsion in the school setting. J Sch Nurs. 1992;8:20-6.

Abstract: Lichenplanus is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder.Treatment of generalized cutaneous lichen planus is often difficult and associated with relapse. Recently there have been studies reporting beneficial role of weekly oral methotrexate in lichen planus.Atotal of 30 patients were selected after proper history taking and physical examination and normal laboratory investigation.They were divided into two groups A and B containing 15 patients each. Group A received oral methotrexate 15 or 20 mg weekly up to complete response was achieved or for maximum 20-24 weeks whichever was earlier.Then the dose of methotrexate was tapered by 5mg weekly and stopped.Group B received oral prednisone in dose of 0.5-1 mg/kg daily initially..........

Keywords: Cutaneous, generalized form, lichen planus, methothrexate, prednisone

[1]. Mazen S. Daoud& Mark R. Pittelkow, Lichen Planus, Goldsmith.L, Katz.S, Gilchrest.B, Paller A.S., Leffell.D, Wolff.K (Ed.),Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine 8th Edition (New York: McGraw-Hill,2012) 296-312
[2]. Frieling. U,Bonsmann. G, Schwartz. T, Luger. T, Beissert. S, Treatment of severe lichen planus with mycophenolatemofetil,J Am AcadDermatol 2003;49:1063-6
[3]. Kaushal K. Verma, Rashmi Mittal &YashpalManchanda; Azathioprine for the treatment of severe erosive oral & Generalized Lichen planus; ActaDermVenereol 81;2001;378-379.
[4]. Scheler M et al: Indoleamine 2,3dioxygenase (IDO): The antagonist of type I interferon driven skin inflammation; Am J Pathol 171:1936,2007
[5]. Jeffes EWB III,McCullough JL, Pittelkow MR, et al. Methotrexate therapy of psoriasis.Differential sensitivity of proliferating lymphoid & epithelial cells to the cytotoxic and growth inhibiting effects of methotrexate: J Invest Dermatol 1995;104:183-8.