iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2019

Abstract: Introduction: They are rare soft tissue tumors of hand. They are considered to be arising due to minute repeated tumors. There are also reported incidences of malignant giant cell tumors. Treatment would be complete surgical excision. Case report: A 22 year old male came with complaints of a slow growing swelling in the right great toe of size 4*3 cms which is firm and not mobile. Fnac showed features suggestive of inflammation. Lesion was completely excised under regional anesthesia..........

[1]. H Monaghan, D M Salter, A Al-Nafussi; Giant cell tumour of tendon sheath (localisednodular tenosynovitis): clinicopathological features of 71 cases; J Clin Pathol 2001;54:404–407
[2]. Abhishek Singh, Nagendra Yadav, Bharat Bhushan Dogra, Ashutosh Singh; Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath; Int Surg J. 2017 Nov;4(11):3785-3788
[3]. Fotiadis E, Papadopoulos A, Svarnas T, Akritopoulos P, Sachinis NP, Chalidis BE. Giant cell tumour of tendon sheath of the digits. A systematic review: Hand (New York, NY). 2011;6(3):244-9.
[4]. Middleton WD, Patel V, Teefy SA, Boyer MI. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath: analysis of sonographic findings. Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:337-9.
[5]. Rukavina I, Ćaleta D. Giant-cell tumour of the tendon sheath: A review. OA Orthopaedics 2014 Jun 11;2(2):11..

Abstract: Infants with perinatal asphyxia are at an increased risk of developing neuro-developmental delay. Visualevoked potential (VEP) provides a non-invasive and objective method to assess the functional integrity of visual path way. The aim of the study is to show whether there is any P2 latency change in infants with perinatal asphyxia compared to age matched controls and whether there is any difference between the two eyes of cases and between different age groups. An observational, cross-sectional study was under taken where 106 Infants with perinatal asphyxia and 30 controls were subjected to mono-ocular Flash VEP testing with LED goggles following routine protoco laccording to ISCEV standards(2009).Both cases and controls were in the age group 0-12 months and were obtained from Pediatrics OPD.There was statistically significant prolongation of P2 latency in both eyes..........

Keywords : BirthAsphyxia;Perinatal Asphyxia;Visual Evoked potential; P2 Latency

[1]. World Health Organization. Perinatal mortality: a listing of available information.
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http://www.newbornwhocc.org/pdf/nnpd_report_2002-03.PDF.

[4]. Pierrat V, Haouari N, Liska A, Thomas D, Subtil D, Truffert P; Grouped‟Etudes en EpidémiologiePérinatale. Prevalence, causes, and outcome at 2 years of age of newborn encephalopathy: population based study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2005;90(3):F257–F261
[5]. Perlman JM, Tack ED, Martin T, Shackelford G, Amon E. Acute systemic organ injury in term infants fter asphyxia. Am J Dis Child 1989;143:617-20

Abstract: The pain in the postoperative period demands relief not only on humanitarian ground but also to reduce physical morbidity following the operation. In postoperative period when the effect of the anesthetic disappears, the tissue injury persists and pain producing substances which are liberated during the operation greatly reduce the normally high threshold of the nociceptors, so that innocuous stimulation produces pain. Moreover the cut ends of axons further contribute to nociception. A wide range of options exist to combat pain both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. However, despite the increasing complex armamentarium that we have at our disposal, the satisfactory alleviation of pain remains difficult goal. Thus the extent of our pharmacological alternatives is rather a reflection of our constant efforts to obtain more effective and safer analgesics...........

[1]. Ronald D Miller (ed).Miller's textbook of anesthesia- 8th ed.philadelphia. elsevier saunders.2010.
[2]. Dr.Nirvik Pal, Dr.Kiran Malhotra, Dr.Chitra . Effect of morphine on postoperative respiratory functions: Comparision between systemic and epidural routes. Indian J. Anaesth 2004;48(3):204-207
[3]. Michael J Cousins. Neural blockade in clinical anesthesia and pain medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2009.
[4]. Wheatley RG, Schugg Sa, Watson D.Combination of local anaesthetic and an opioid combination-; British Journal anaesth 87:47,2001.
[5]. Dolin Sj, Cashman JNBland JM. Analgesia by epidural technique–; 89: 409 2002..

Abstract: Introduction: Caregivers play a pivotal role in the maintenance part of the management of psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric illnesses not only effect the patients, but also the lives of their caregivers. Insight is one of the most important aspects of the patients' illness and plays an important role in drug compliance and thereby the maintenance of the remission.Quality of life of the persons with psychiatric illnesses may affect the caregivers' suffering. As there are few studies determining the association between the insight, quality of life on caregiver burden, this study is performed to find the association between the caregiver burden and the insight and quality of life. Aim: To find the correlation.....

Keywords: Insight, Quality of life, Caregivers, Burden

[1]. Perlick D, Clarkin JF, Sirey J, Raue P, Greenfield S, Struening E, et al. Burden experienced by care-givers of person with bipolar affective disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1999;175:56-62.
[2]. Vasudeva, Chandra K. Sekhar, and Prasad G.Rao. Caregivers burden of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder : A Sectional study. Indian JPsychol Med. 2013 Oct-Dec; 35(4): 352–357
[3]. Michalakeas A, Skoutas C, Charalambous A, Peristeris A, Marinos V, Keramari E. Insight in schizophrenia and mood disorders and it relation to psychopathology. ActaPsychiatricaScandinavica. 1994;90:46–9.
[4]. Latalova K, et al. PsychiatrDanub. 2011.
[5]. Birchwood M, et al. ActaPsychiatr Scand. 1994..

Abstract: Capsicum annum is one of the species of peppers that are used as culinary spices. The effect of edible substances on gastric acid secretion has been of interest but not much has been studied on Capsicums (peppers). This prompted the present study. Wistar rats weighing between 200-300 g were randomly placed in five groups having 8 rats per group and received aqueous extract of Capsicum annum. Doses of 10%, 20%, and 30% of LD50 and supramaximal doses of 10mg, 20mg, 30mg, 40mg, 50mg, 60mg, 70mg and 80mg of the aqueous extract were administered through a gastric fistula and 10 minutes aliquot samples collected over 120 minutes. Gastric acid secretion was measured........

Keywords: Gastric acid secretion, Capsicum annum, Tachyphylaxis.

[1]. X.J. Luo, J. Peng and Y.J. Li, Recent advances in the study on capsaicinoids and capsinoids. Eur J Pharmacol, 650, 2011, 1–7.
[2]. P. Holzer. The pharmacological challenge to tame the transient receptor potential vanilloid -1 (TRPV-1) nocisensor (Review). British Journal of pharmacology,155(8), 2008, 1145-1162.
[3]. P. Holzer, Acid- sensing ion channels in gastrointestinal function. Neuropharmacology, 94, 2015, 72-79.
[4]. G. Baranidharan and A.K. Bhaskar, Use of topical capsaicin for pain relief, in TRP channels as therapeutic targets, 5 (Massachusetts: Academic Press, 2015) 89-98.
[5]. M.A. Alnaqueeb, M. Thompson, T. Bordia, and Ali M, Histopathological effects of garlic on liver and lungs of rats. Toxicol Lett, 85, 1996, 157-164.

Abstract: Plastinationcan be used for anatomy, art, biology, clinical medicine, surgery and many fields. Semi-transparent 3-5 mm brain sections can display distinct grey and white matter by using jelly wax. It can be an excellent aid to compare X-rays, CT, MRI and Ultrasonography. The jelly wax sheet plastination can also be used for sections of any organ or part of the body other than brain. Jelly wax is a type of paraffin wax which is cheap and easily available in the local market. Since it need not be imported which would be more costly, it is most suitable for developing countries and can overcome the use of resin imported from the western world. The sheet plastinated sections can be preserved for many years without the change of color.

Keyword: Jelly wax, Sheet plastination, Organ section, Resin

[1] C.A. Entius, S. Rijn, R.R. Van, A.W. Zwamborn, G.J. Kleinrensink, S.G.F. Robben, Influence of Formaldehyde/Phenol fixation on MRI of the stifle joint and correlation with plastinated slices. J Int Soc Plastination, 19, 2004, 26-32.
[2] Pashaei, A brief review on the history, methods and applications of plastination, Int J Morphol, 28(4), 2010, 1075-1079.
[3] M. Magiros, M. kekic, G.A. Doran, Learning relational anatomy by correlating thin plastinated sections and magnetic resonance images: Preparation of specimens, Acta Anat (Basel), 158(1), 1970, 37-43

. [4] P. Cook, Sheet plastination as a clinically based teaching aid at the University of Auckland, Acta Anat (Basel), 158(1), 1997, 33-6.
[5] University of Murcia, Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Campus Universitario de Espinardo. Murcia, 2014, 30100..

Abstract: Background :The knee joint is a common site of injury due to trauma, repetitive activities, and sports activities.Clinical diagnosis, encompassing an accurate history, thorough examination and interpretation of investigations, is an art all doctors are expected to master during their career. A number of previous studies have examined the accuracy of clinical diagnosis in traumatic meniscal or ligamentous injuries of the knee. Multiple imaging modalities are currently used to evaluate pathologic conditions of the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging has a better soft tissue contrast and multi planar slice capability which has revolutionized and has become the ideal modality for imaging complex anatomy of the knee joint.Arthroscopy considered to be the 'gold standard' investigative method..........

[1]. Maquet PGJ. Biomechanics of the knee, mechanism of injury and diagnosis. New York, Springer, 1976.
[2]. Walker PE, rkiuan M. The Role of the Menisci in Force Transmission across the Knee. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1975; 109:184-192.
[3]. Apley AG. The diagnosis of meniscus injury, some new clinical methods. J bone Joint Surg. 1947; 29:78.
[4]. Chang C, Hondar Wu H, Huang T, Ma H, Hung S. Imaging evaluation of meniscal injury of the knee joint. Clinical Imaging. 2004; 28(5):372-376.
[5]. Kennedy JC, Hawkins RJ, Wilson AS. The anatomy and function of anterior cruciate ligament as determined by clinical and morphological studies. J Bone Joint Surg. 1974; 56A:223..

Abstract: Identification of individuals using dental findings plays an important role in assessing sexualdimorphism. Previously various studies done on individuals odontometric parameters have given variable results. The aims and objectives is to assess sexual dimorphism using mesiodistal and labio/buccolingual measurements of maxillary incisors, premolars and molars mandibular canine index, arch width. The present study showed that mean values of all odontometric parameters was significantly higher in males than females. Mean values of facial index was also significantly greater in males than females. There is also a significant increase in all tooth dimensions with increase in facial index of the individual irrespective of the gender.

Keywords: sexual dimorphism, facial index

[1]. Stavrianos C, Eliades A, Kokkas A. The role of DNA in forensic odontology : part II;Res. J.Med Sci.2010;4(5):309-314
[2]. Garn SM, Cole PE, Van Alstine WI. Sex discriminatory effectiveness using combinations of root lengths and crown diameters. Am.J.Phys.Anthrop; 1979 (50):115-118
[3]. Rai B and Anand S C. Gendr determination by diagonal distances of teeth. Internet J. Biol.Anthropol.2007;1(1)
[4]. Magar S P, Wanjari PV, Phulambrikar T, Dimorphism of mandibular canine index establishing in sex identity.JIAOMR.2011;23(3):195-198..

Abstract: Introduction: wound management is a challenging task to the surgeon and a debilitating issue to the patients. The general treatment including the expert care in dressings, meticulous use of antibiotics, Negative pressure vacuum therapy dressings, surgical interventions and reconstructions using a lot of resources, expenses and expert hands. But the results are still unpredictable and unassured. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has a numerous number of growth factors, chemokines, cytokines and many other proteins which have a numerous number of properties out of which one is its role in wound healing. Materials and Methods: The PRP therapy consists of self-activated autologous platelet-rich plasma derived from centrifugation of whole blood by Double centrifugation method. It is given.........

Keywords: Ovarian ectopic pregnancy, Ruptured, Chorionic villi

[1]. Sarvajnamurthy S, Suryanarayan S, Budamakuntala L, Suresh DH. Autologous platelet rich plasma in chronic venous ulcers: Study of 17 cases. J CutanAesthetSurg 2013;6:97‐9.
[2]. Platelet rich plasma in musculo skeletal practice by Nicola Mauffuli Platelet- Rich Plasma- Regenerative Medicine: Sports Medicine, Orthopedic, and Recovery of Musculos keletal Injuries by Lana, J.F.S.D., Andrade Santana, M.H., Dias Belangero, W., MalheirosLuzo, A.C. (Eds.)
[3]. Platelet Rich Plasma in Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine By Anitua, Eduardo, Cugat, Ramón, Sánchez, Mikel (Eds.)
[4]. Ross R, Glomset J, Kariya B, Harker L. A platelet‐dependent serum factor that stimulates the proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974;71:1207‐10.
[5]. Anitua E, Andia I, Ardanza B, Nurden P, Nurden AT. Autologous platelets as a source of proteins for healing and tissue regeneration. ThrombHaemost 2004;91:4‐15..

Abstract: Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience. Effective management of acute postoperative pain shortens the post operative hospital stay, improves patient satisfaction and gives a better quality of life. Many studies have been done to study the role of different anesthetic techniques and drugs used to control post operative pain. Also many preoperative, intraoperative and post operative interventions are developed for managing post operative pain. The impact of the surgical technique on the degree of postoperative pain has not been objectively studied. It is general saying that meticulous gentle surgical dissection can make minimal trauma to tissue, which directly affects the degree of postoperative pain.

[1]. Cousins MJ. Acute pain and the injury response: Immediate and prolonged effects. Reg Anesth. 1989;14:162–78. [PubMed]
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[5]. Rawal N, Sjostrand U, Christoffersson E, Dahlstorm B, Avril A, Raymond H. Comparisons of intramuscular and epidural morphine for postoperative analgesia in the grossly obese: Influence on postoperative ambulation and pulmonary function. Anesth Analg. 1984;63:583–92. [PubMed].

Abstract: Lipoma is the commonest tumor of the subcutaneous tissue. They are mostly seen in neck, shoulder and back. It may occur anywhere on the body where ever the fat tissue is present and hence also known as 'universal tumor'. Though they occur commonly in sub-cutaneous planes, lipoma may also develop in other places like intermuscular, subfascial, subserous, submucous, intra-glandular, sole, palm..etc. Hence it is important to not to rule out lipoma at any location. Here we present a series of 2 cases in which lipoma is seen in uncommon locations encountered at our hospital over past 2 years.

Keywords: Lipoma, parotid, uncommon location, universal tumor,

[1]. Weiss SW, Goldblum JR. Benign Lipomatous Tumors. In: Enzinger FM, Weiss SW, editors. Soft Tissue Tumors. 3rd ed. St Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1995. pp. 381–430.
[2]. Froimson AI. Benign solid tumors. Hand Clin. 1987;3(2):213–7.
[3]. Sandberg AA. Updates on the cytogenetics and molecular genetics of bone and soft tissue tumors: lipoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2004;150(2):93–11
[4]. Signorini M, Campiglio GL. Posttraumatic lipomas: where do they really come from? Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;101(3):699–705
[5]. Aust MC, Spies M, Kall S, et al. Lipomas after blunt soft tissue trauma: are they real? Analysis of 31 cases. Br J Dermatol. 2007;157(1):92–9..

Abstract: The study objectives were to determine the effect of proton pump inhibitors on glycemic control in patients with Type 2 DM by measuring the parameters like FBS, PPBS and HbA1C. A Prospective Cohort study was conducted in 80 patients at General Medicine Department of RIMS, Kadapa. Then, these patients were divided into two group's i.e., for one group, oral hypoglycemic agents along with proton pump inhibitors were prescribed and for the second group, only oral hypoglycemic agents were given. Both the groups were followed for two months and FBS, PPBS and HbA1C were measured. This procedure repeated with the new study
population for the second and third two months, as the study is for about six months. The present study shows the incidence for type 2 DM is 0.017, and the prevalence is 0.06. Out of 80 study population, average base line FBS for patients with PPI (40 patients) was 177.235 and average baseline FBS for patients without PPI (40 patients) was 176. And........

Keywords: Proton pump inhibitors, Oral hypoglycemic agents, Type 2 DM, Glycemic control

[1]. Joseph. T. Dipiro:"Textbook of Pharmacotherapy", published by the Mc Graw Hill Companies, 7th edition, 2008, Pg no. 14, 1206.
[2]. Alvin C. Power: " Harrisons; Principal of Internal Medicine"; published by McGraw-Hill Medical publishing division,17th edition; volume 2;
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Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to know the degree of using and accepting laser technology in the dental field among dentists working in Taif, KSA. Methodology: A random sample of about 120 dentists working in different locations in Taif were included . A specially designed questionnaire was utilized for data gathering, which reflected some of the respondents' personal and scientific behavioral characteristics, and their acceptance of laser technology. The questionnaire included the following: the degree of acceptance of respondents to laser use in dental treatment, the availability of laser devices, the degree of awareness of respondents to the safety precautions during laser use ,the............

[1]. Soliman M, Alzahrani F, Arora P,(2018).Lasers Use in Different Dental Pediatric Aspects". EC Dental Science17.3: 150-159.
[2]. Browstein SA, Murad A, Hunt RJ.(2018)Implementation of New Technologiesin U.S. Dental School Curricula. J Dent Educ.;79(3):259-64
[3]. Parker S.(2007) Verifiable CPD paper: Introduction, history of lasers and laser light production British Dental Journal 202, 21-31 ,113.
[4]. Andreana (2005). "The use of diode lasers in periodontal therapy: literature review and suggested technique". Dentistry today 24 (11): 130, 132–5.
[5]. Gokhale, S., Padhye, A., Byakod, G., Jain, S., Padbidri, V. and Shivaswamy, S., (2012). A Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Diode Laser asan Adjunct to Mechanical Debridement Versus Conventional Mechanical Debridement in Periodontal Flap Surgery:A Clinical and Microbiological Study. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery,30: 598-603..

Abstract: Objectives: Determination of left ventricular hypertrophy in diabetic patients with and without hypertension. The effect of diabetes mellitus on left ventricular dimensions. Methods:This study was conducted in a tertiary care institution in Chennai fora duration of 6 months from April 2017 to Sep 2017. A proper ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethical Committee .The study was conducted after getting informed consent from all the Subjects involved in this study. Results:Group1 includes 10 females...........

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[4]. Foppa M, Duncan BD, Rohde LE (2005) Echocardiography-based left ventricular mass estimation. How should we define hypertrophy? Ultrasound 3: 17.
[5]. Joslin's Diabetes 14th edition