iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2019

Abstract: Introduction: Distal end of radius fracture (DERF) is most common fracture of upper extremity in aging population. Several treatment options are available including open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) with plate and screws, JESS fixation+_ K -wires, manipulation under anaesthesia with below elbow casing. The aim of this prospective study was to analyse the functional outcome for fractures of DERF using volar plate fixation compared to JESS fixation. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in N.R.S. Medical College and Hospital, between May'2016 to May'2018, treated 40 consecutive patients with DERF and was recruited alternatively with either treatment modality...........

Keywords: Intra-articular Distal End Radius Fractures (DERF), Volar plating, JESS (Joshi External Stabilisation System), range of motion (ROM).

[1]. Lidstorm A : Fractures of the distal end radius with clinical and statistical study of end results. Acta Orthop. Scand. 1959,41, Suppl, 1-95.
[2]. Agee JM: Szabo RM,Chidgey LK, King FC Kerfoot C : Treatment of comminuted distal end radius fractures: an approach based on pathomechanics, orthopaedics.1994;17:1115-22.
[3]. Prabhu R. A legend forever: Dr. Brij bhusan joshi. Indian J Orthop.2009;43:312.
[4]. Cooney WP, Bussey R, Dobyns JH, Leinscheid RL. Difficult wrist fractures perilunate fracture dislocation of the wrist. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987;214:136-147.
[5]. Iris H.Y.Kwok, Frankie Leung, Grace Yuen. Assessing Results After Distal Radius Fracture Treatment. A Comparision of Objective and subjective Tools. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil.2011;2:155-160.

Abstract: Introduction: 5-HT 3 receptors were involved in the regulation of both mood and pain. 5-HT3 receptors are present in many parts of the body including central nervous system, peripheral neurons, spinal cord, gastrointestinal tract etc. the present study was planned to evaluate its analgesic activity of ondansetron on pain in rodent models by two different models of pain viz tail flick method and eddy's hot plate. Materials and Methods: Albino rats (Wistar) weighing 180-250 g and Swiss albino mice weighing between 25-30 gm were procured from the central animal house of Narayana Medical College, Nellore. Control animals (group I) received equal volume of normal saline..........

Keywords: Analgesia, Ondansetron, Wistar Rat.

[1]. Bonica JJ . The need of a taxonomy. Pain. 1979; 6(3):247–8.
[2]. 2. Turk DC, Dworkin RH. What should be the core outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials? Arthritis Res. Ther, 2004; 6(4):151–4.
[3]. Glaum S R, Proufit H K, Anderson E G. '5HT 3receptors modulate spinal nociceptive reflexes.' Brain Research 1990; 26: 12-16.
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Abstract: Acute pancreatitis is a life threatening condition. Biliary lithiasis and alcoholism are responsible for 70-80% of the cases. Several viral infections like Mumps, Coxsackie B , EBV & measles have been implicated as etiological factors as they cause oedema of Ampulla of Vater and ducts, mechanically obstructing the flow of pancreatic fluid & direct cell injury of pancreatic acini, leads to leakage of intracellular enzymes (1,2).But an association between viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis is uncommon, mostly recorded in adolescents (3).

[1]. G Ray, D Bandopadhyay. Severe acute pancreatitis complicating acute hepatitis A in a child. The Internet Journal of Pediatrics and Neonatology. 2008 Volume 11 Number 1.
[2]. Jain P, Nijhawan S, Rai RR, Nepalia S, Mathur A. Acute pancreatitis in acute viral hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Nov 21;13(43):5741-4.
[3]. Moleta, D.B.; Kakitani, F.T.; Lima, A.S.; Franca, J.C.B. & Raboni, S.M. - Acute pancreatitis associated with acute viral hepatitis: case report and review of literature. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 51(6): 349-351, 2009.

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) still is one of the major health problems faced in India. India accounts for almost a quarter of TB cases worldwide. According to the Global TB Report 2017, 28 lakh new cases were reported in India. 4.5 lakh people die every year due to TB. Drug resistant TB is one of the major cause of mortality, H mono resistance being one of them. Sputum samples of patients who are eligible for Category 2 AKT and those who remain sputum positive after the initiation phase of Cat 1 AKT (Category 1 Anti Koch's Treatment) are subjected to undergo Line Probe Assay (LPA) for drug sensitivity. The results from the study provides evidence that the standardized treatment schedule for new and previously treated patients with 1st line drugs is associated with H mono resistance and thus treatment failure and mortality .

Keywords: Drug sensitivity, H(Isoniazid) mono resistance, India, LPA (Line Probe Assay), Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

[1] Guidelines on Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in India 2017.

Abstract: The platelet concentrates is one of the indispensable blood components transfused in practice. Platelet concentrates are prepared by Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) method, Buffy Coat (BC) method and apheresis method. There was growing concern about White Blood Cells (WBCs) in blood components as WBCs were involved in pathogenesis of transfusion reactions. The reduction of WBCs in PCs prevented Febrile Non Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR), transmission of viruses and platelet alloimmunisation. Leukoreduction is also done to reduce the level of the cytokines released by the WBCs and thereby to reduce transfusion reactions. To compare and estimate the levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α.............

[1]. Hiremath P. To Assess the Knowledge of Blood Donation among Voluntary Blood Donor at Blood Bank, Krishna Hospital Karad (Maharastra, India). J Nurs Care 2012;1(6):124. [2]. Refaai MA, Phipps RP, Spinelli SL, Blumberg N.Platelet transfusions: Impact on hemostasis, thrombosis, inflammation and clinicaloutcomes.Thromb Res. 2011 Apr;127(4):287-91.3
[3]. Saran RK. (ed.) Transfusion Medicine, Technical Manual, second ed. New Delhi: Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India; 2003:341-360.
[4]. Kakaiya R et al. Whole blood collection and Component Processing at Blood collection centres. In: Roback JD, Grossman BJ, Harris T, Hillyer CD (eds.) Technical manual 17th ed. Bethesda: American Association of Blood Banks; 2011:187-226.
[5]. Pietersz RN, Loos JA, Reesink HW. Platelet concentrates stored in plasma for 72 hours at 22 degrees C prepared from buffy coats of citrate-phosphate-dextrose blood collected in a quadruple-bag saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol system. Vox Sang. 1985;49:81–85..

Abstract: Malleolar injuries are the most common significant lower extremity fractures. These injuries gain importance, because the whole body weight is transmitted through the ankle, and locomotion depends on the stability of the ankle. Open reduction and internal fixation have become the mainstay of treatment for most of the unstable bimalleolar fractures, as these operative methods restores the anatomy, biomechanics and contact loading characteristics of the ankle. Objectives: 1. To study the functional outcome of surgically managed bimalleolar fractures of ankle in adults. 2. To restore the anatomy of malleoli and ankle perfectly by operative treatment with internal fixation Methods: A prospective.......

[1]. Shelton Mar vin L. Complication of fractures and dislocation of the ankle. In: Complications in orthopaedic surgery, Chapter 23, 3rd edn.,Vol.I, edt. EPPS, Charles H, Philadelphia : J.B. Lippincott Company, 1994; 595-648pp.
[2]. Beris AE, Kabbani KT, Xenakis TA, Mitsionis G, Soucacos PK, Soucacos PN. Surgical treatment of malleolarfractures – a review of 144 patients. ClinOrthop Related Research, 1997 Aug; 341: 90- 98.
[3]. Weber MJ. Ankle fractures and dislocations. In : Operative orthopaedics, Chapter-50, 2nd edn., Vol.3, Ed. Chapman MW, Madison M. Philadelphia : J.B. Lippincott Company, 1993; 731- 748pp.

[4]. Geissler WB, Tsao AK, Hughes JL. Fractures and injuries of the ankle. In: Rockwood and Green's fractures in adults.4th ed. Lippincott Raven ;1996: 2201-66.
[5]. Lauge N. Fractures of ankle: Analytic historic survey as basis of new experimental roentgenologic and clinical investigations. Archives of Surgery, Vol. 56, March 1948, No. 3...

Abstract: The incidence of thyroid cancers is on the rise during the recent years with 80% of thyroid malignancies constituted by papillary carcinoma thyroid. The histopathological diagnosis of papillary carcinoma thyroid is easier in typical cases. The two commonly used markers cytokeratin 19 and HBME-1(Hector Battifora mesothelial 1) can be of great help in grey areas where H&E diagnosis is challenging. A total of 30 cases diagnosed as papillary carcinoma thyroid were included in the study. Most common variant observed in this study was the classical variant (19 cases, 63.33%). Scoring of CK 19 expression based on the percentage of positively stained.........

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Key words: CK 19 expression, HBME-1 expression, Papillary carcinoma thyroid, Thyroid cancers, Variants

[1]. Fischer S, Asa SL .Application of Immunohistochemistry to Thyroid Neoplasms. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008;132: 359-72
[2]. Cheung CC, Ezzat S, Freeman JL, Rosen IB, Asa SL. Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2001;14:338–42
[3]. Bose D , Das RN, Chatterjee U, Banerjee U. Cytokeratin 19 immunoreactivity in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2012;33: 107-11
[4]. Khan ar, Abu-eshy sa. Variants of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: experience at Asir Central Hospital. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1998; 43:20-5 G Emons et al, Hormonal interactions in endometrial Cancer, Endocrine Related cancer (2000); 7: 227–242.
[5]. Muzaffar M,Nigar E,Mushtaq S, Mamoon N. The Morphological Variants of Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Clinico-Pathological Study. JPMA 1998; 48:133-7..

Abstract: Orthognathic Surgery is used to treat mild to severe jaw deformity cases combining orthodontia and oral and maxillofacial surgery to give esthetics, function and stability. Here by we present a severely deformed case with 16 mm reverse overjet requiring bijaw surgery combining le fort I advancement and extra oral vertical ramus osteotomy of mandible for set-back

[1]. Jose Cherackal G, Thomas E, Prathap A. Combined orthodontic and surgical approach in the correction of a class III skeletal malocclusion with mandibular prognathism and vertical maxillary excess using bimaxillary osteotomy. Case reports in dentistry. 2013;2013.
[2]. Vadgaonkar V, Gangurde P, Deshmukh V, Shah A. Orthodontic and surgical perspectives in management of a severe skeletal open bite. BMJ case reports. 2014 May 16;2014: bcr2013200069.
[3]. Abeltins A, Jakobsone G, Urtane I, Bigestans A. The stability of bilateral sagittal ramus osteotomy and vertical ramus osteotomy after bimaxillary correction of class III malocclusion. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 2011 Dec 1;39(8):583-7.
[4]. Ho CT, Huang CS, Lo LJ. Improvement of chin profile after mandibular setback and reduction genioplasty for correction of prognathism and long chin. Aesthetic plastic surgery. 2012 Oct 1;36(5):1198-206.
[5]. Athanasios AE, Mavreas D, Toutountzakis N, Ritzau M. Skeletal stability after surgical correction of mandibular prognathism by vertical ramus osteotomy. The European Journal of Orthodontics. 1992 Apr 1;14(2):117-24..

Abstract: Introduction: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is a state of abnormal uterine bleeding without any clinically detectable organic, systemic and iatrogenic cause (Pelvic pathology,e.g. tumor, inflammation or pregnancy is excluded). Ormeloxifene has been evaluated for the management of menorrhagia but was seldom compared with progesterone. This study was an attempt to find out the cost-effectiveness of ormeloxifene against medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Aims & Objectives :To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of Ormeloxifene in cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding and dysmenorrhoea in women of reproductive age group and compare it with Medroxyprogesterone Acetate...........

[1]. Pilli GS et.al;Dysfunctional uterine bleeding; The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India;2002.May-June;52(3):87-89.
[2]. D C Dutta's Textbook of Gynecology.6th edition. Hiralal Konar;2013.p.187-194.
[3]. Kripalini A, Kulshrestha B, Agarwal N. Efficiency and safety of Ormeloxifene in management of menorrhagia: a pilot study. J ObstetGynecol Res 2009;35:746-752.
[4]. Laxmi M. Evaluation of efficacy of ormeloxifene in DUB and observation of its common adverse effects. MGM Medical College, Indore University;2003.
[5]. Biswas SC, Saha SK, Bag TS, Ghosh Ray SC.Ormeloxifene- A Selective Oestrogen Receptor Modulator for treatment of Dysfunctional Menorrhagia. Journal of Obstetric Gynaecology 2004;54(1):56-59.

Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy. In diabetes the platelets produce prothrombotic factors which is implicated in peripheral neuropathy. Mean platelet volume is one simple test to predict the presence of peripheral neuropathy . Aims: (1)To estimate mean platelet volume in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (2)to record the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. (3)To correlate mean platelet volume with peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 132 patients dividing them into a group of each 44 as non diabetic, diabetic without peripheral neuropathy(or microvascular complications) and diabetic with peripheral neuropathy and other microvascular complications respectively. Mean platelet volume(MPV) was done within 1 hour of sample collection............

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Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, mean platelet volume, peripheral neuropathy

[1]. Powers AC. Diabetes Mellitus. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. Longo DL, Kasper DL, Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Loscalzo J (editors). 19th edition. United States of America, The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.; 2015. vol 2:Chapter 417:p2399-2430
[2]. Global report on diabetes [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2016. Available from: http://www.who.int/diabetes/global-report/en/
[3]. Bunn H, Gabbay K, Gallop P. The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus. Science. 1978;200 (4337):21-27.
[4]. Vinik Al, Erbas T, Park TS, Nolan R, Pittenger GL. Platelet dysfunction in type 2 diabetes . Diabetes Care. 2001 Aug;24 (8): 1476-85
[5]. Papanas N, Symeonidis G, Maltezos E, Mavridis G, Karavageli E, Vosnakidis T et al. Mean platelet volume in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Platelets. 2004;15 (8):475-478..

Abstract: Introduction Routine immunization is a key child survival intervention. Accumulated evidences suggest that "Supportive Supervision" improves the quality of health care services. Aims and Objective- The present practice aims to cover 100% newborn at tertiary care hospital and improvement of knowledge of Routine Immunization among beneficiaries. Materials and Methods...........

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Abstract: A smile is an integral part of the face and plays a definitive role in defining the facial aesthetics. An interdiscip-linary approach including periodontal plastic procedures and orthodontic procedures are routinely performed to enhance aesthetics. Aim The aim of this study was the objective smile analysis based on the visibility of gingiva during natural smile and posed smile and the correlation of upper lip length with the smile line in patients visiting Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai. Materials and Methods.........

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Key words: Dental aesthetics, smile, visual perception

[1]. M N. Hochman M.N, Chu S, Tarnow D. Maxillary anterior papilla display during smiling: A clinical study of the interdental smile line. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2012; 4:32.

[2]. Singh S, Garg H, Christy et al. Upper lip soft tissue changes and gingival display on smiling: A study of vertical dimension. Indian J Dent Sci; 2015: march: 1, vol.:7
[3]. Garber DA, Salama MA. The aesthetic smile: Diagnosis and treatment. Perio 2000; 11:18-28
[4]. Ackerman MB, Ackerman JL.Smile analysis and design in the digital era .J Clin Orthod 2002; 36:221-36
[5]. Al-Johany SS, Alqahtani AS, Alqahtani FY, Alzahrani AH. Evaluation of different esthetic smile criteria. Int J Prosthodont 2011; 24:64–70..

Abstract: Proper breastfeeding practices are effective ways for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. While many mothers understand the importance of breastfeeding, others are less knowledgeable on the benefits of breastfeeding and weaning. We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study in the outpatient dept. of Shabuddin Medical college Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to November 2018. Our aim was to evaluate breastfeeding pattern in children at the age of 0-24 months. One hundred (100) mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire which was designed to elicit information on infant feeding practices. Most of the children were in 6-12 months age groups which represent 46.25%. Sex distributions were male dominating and were........

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Key words: Breastfeeding, Childhood Morbidity, Mortality

[1] The World Health Organization, Infant and Young Child Feeding, World Health Organization, Lyon, France, 2009.
[2] C. Ku and S. K. Y. Chow, "Factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among Hong Kong Chinese women: a questionnaire survey," Journal of Clinical Nursing, vol. 19, no. 17-18, pp. 2434–2445, 2010.
[3] H. M. Hanif, "Trends in breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices in Pakistan, 1990–2007," International Breast-feeding Journal, vol. 6, article 15, 2011.
[4] T. E. Nkala and S. E. Msuya, "Prevalence and predictors of exclusive breastfeeding among women in Kigoma region, Western Tanzania: a community based cross-sectional study," International Breastfeeding Journal, vol. 6, article 17, 2011.
[5] B. Whalen and R. Cramton, "Overcoming barriers to breast-feeding continuation and exclusivity," Current Opinion in Pedi-atrics, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 655–663, 2010.

Abstract: Tuberculosis is one of India major public health problems. Though it's treatable, but still umpteen number of people are afflicted every year with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is the essence in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis to prevent further progression of disease and permanent damage by fibrosis. The objectives of our study are: 1) To evaluate spectrum of pulmonary abnormalities on HRCT in patients with suspected PTB but with both normal and abnormal chest radiograph. 2) To determine the value of HRCT in predicting disease activity in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. 3) To determine the pattern of HRCT.........

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Key words: HRCT –high resolution computed tomography

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