iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2019

Abstract: Hypothyroidism is associated with an increase in the levels of thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) which in turn stimulates secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL). PRL inhibits the synthesis and secretion of gonadotropins(FSH & LH). Abnormal menstrual patterns are commonly observed in overt hypothyroidism.1 Studies considering an association between overt hypothyroidism and female reproductive hormones are not adequate particularly in eastern India. Therefore, present study is aimed to evaluate the relationship between overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and female reproductive hormones. Subjects were randomly selected having.......

Key words : FSH, hypothyroid, LH, oligomenorrhoea, PRL.

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hypothyroidism. ClinEndocrinol (Oxf) 1999;50:655–9. [PubMed
[2]. Armada-Dias L, Carvalhe JJ, Breltenbach MM, et al. Is the infertility in hypothyroidism mainly due to ovarian or pituitary
functional changes? Braz J Med Biol Res. 2001;34:1209–1215. doi: 10.1590/S0100-879X2001000900015. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
[3]. Goldsmith RE, Sturgis SH, Lennan J, et al. The menstrual pattern in thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1952;12:846–855.
doi: 10.1210/jcem-12-7-846. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
[4]. Seri O, Chik CL, Ur E, Ezzat S. Diagnosis and management of hyperprolactinemia. MAJ. 2003;169(16):575–81.
[5]. Katznelson L, Riskind PN, Saxe VC, Klibanski A. Prolactin pulsatile characteristics in postmenopausal women. J
ClinEndocrinolMetab. 1998;83:761–64. [PubMed]..

Abstract: The placental thickness can be a useful sonographic parameter. It tends to gradually increase with gestational age in a linear fashion (~ 1 mm per week) and therefore the thickness in mm can approximate the gestational age (in weeks). Placental thickness appears to be a promising parameter for estimation of gestational age of the fetus as was also shown in animal studies.There was a strong positive correlation between placental thickness and gestational age. The measurement of the placental thickness is an important parameter for estimation of fetal age along with other parameters especially in the late mid trimester and early third trimester, where the exact duration of pregnancy is not known and other sonographic parameters also become less reliable

[1]. Ohagwu CC, Abu PO, Ezeokeke UO, Ugwu AC. Relationship between placental thickness and growth parameters in normal
Nigerian foetuses. Afr J Biotechnol2009; 8(2):133-38.
[2]. Kliman HJ: Trophoblast to human placenta. Encyclopedia of Reproduction, vol 4. Edited by Knobil E, Neill JD. San Diego,
Academic Press, 1999: 834-46
[3]. Kliman HJ. The placenta revealed. Am J Pathol.1993; 143(2): 332–36.
[4]. Ohagwu CC, Oshiotse Abu P, EffiongUdoh B. Placental thickness: a sonographic indicator of gestational age in normal singleton
pregnancies in Nigerian women. Internet Journal of Medical Update. 2009;4(2):9–14.
[5]. Wolf H, Oosting H, Treffers PE. A longitudinal study of the relationship between placental and fetal growth as measured by
ultrasonography. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;161(5):1140-45

Abstract: Introduction – The Modified Hodge test (MHT) detects carbapenemase production in isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. It is detected when the test isolate produces the enzyme and allows growth of a carbapenem susceptible strain (E.coli ATCC 25922) towards a carbapenem disk producing a characteristic cloverleaf-like indentation [1]. Aims and objectives – To evaluate the epidemiology of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates in a tertiary care hospital, RIMS, Ranchi. Methodology – A total of 678 isolates belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae were obtained over a period of 6 months. Amongst these, 201 showed intermediate or resistant zone of inhibition for Meropenem(10μg) disk, which were selected for further processing by MHT. Results and Discussion – 23.15% (157) of the total (678) and 78.10% of those which showed intermediate or resistant...........

Keywords – carbapenem resistance, carbapenemases, Modified Hodge test, Enterobacteriaceae, cloverleaf like indentation.

[1]. Modified Hodge test for Carbapenemase Detection in Enterobacteriaceae; Department of health and human services; Centre for
disease control and prevention; Pg 1-3.
[2]. Ramana K.V, Rao R, Sharada CH.V, Kareem MA, Reddy LR, Mani MS R; Modified Hodge test: A useful and the low-cost
phenotypic method for detection of carbapenemase producers in Enterobacteriaceae members; Journal of Natural Science, Biology
and Medicine; July 2013; Vol 4(2); Page 346-348.
[3]. Ambler RP: The structure of beta-lactamases. Philos Trans R Soc Land B Biol Sci 1980, 289:321-331.
[4]. Bush K, Jacoby GA: Updated functional classification of β-lactamases. Antimicrob agents Chemother 2010, 54: 969-976.
[5]. Amjad A, Mirza IA, Abbasi SA, Farwa U, Malik N, Zia F; Modified Hodge test: A simple and effective test for detection of
carbapenemase production; Iranian Journal of Microbiology; Volume 3 (4); December 2011; 189-193.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon of unclear etiology with an increasing incidence in India. Immunomodulatory effects of vitamin-D has been linked to autoimmune disease such as ulcerative colitis and deficiency of vitamin-D has been found to correlate with severity and activity of disease. In our study we evaluated the prevalence of vitamin-D deficiency in mild,moderate, and severe ulcerative colitis. AIM: To Study the prevalence of vitamin-D level and deficiency in Ulcerative colitis patient at our centre. METHODS: Retrospective data of70 Patients with Ulcerative colitis diagnosed by clinical, endoscopic and histopathologic evaluation from 2015-2017 at our centre were included in the study and they are classified into mild,moderate,severe by Truelove and Wittscriteria.........

[1]. Cantorna MT, Mahon BD. 2004. Mounting evidence for vitamin D as an environmental factor affecting autoimmune disease prevalence. Experimental Biology and Medicine 229(11):1136_1142.
[2]. Cantorna M, Zhu Y, Froicu M, Wittke A. 2004. Vitamin D status, 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D3, and the immune system. Journal of Clinical Nutrition 80:1717S_1720S.
[3]. Lim WC, Hanauer SB, Li YC. 2005. Mechanisms of disease: vitamin D and inflammatory bowel disease. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology2(7):308_315.
[4]. Pappa H, Grand R, Gordon C. 2006. Report on the vitamin D status of adult and pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease and its significance for bone health and disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 12(12):1162_1174.
[5]. Ardizzone S, Cassinotti A, Bevilacqua M, Clerici M, Porro GB. 2011.Vitamin D and inflammatory bowel disease. Vitamins and Hormones 86:367_377..

Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Worldwide the incidence is still on the increasing trend. Although many treatment modalities have become available which helps in early detection of cancer still hormone receptor status of the tumor plays an important role in treatment. It is essential to find the markers that have predictive an prognostic values. It predicts the chances of recurrence of cancer and also identifies which patients do and which do not benefit from adjuvant treatment. In this study we found out the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), by IHC and analyzed the associations between these indicators and the clinic pathological characteristics.

Keywords: hormone receptor status, er, pr, her2.

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[2]. Hawkins RA, Roberts MM, Forrest APM. Oestrogen receptors and breast cancer current status. Br J Surg 1980, 67: 162- 165.
[3]. Rosen PP, Menendez – Botet CJ, Nisselbaum JS. Pathological review of breast lesions analysed for ER protein: Cancer 1975; 35:
3187- 3194.
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of immunocytochemical and biochemical analysis. Cancer 1988; 64: 1149- 1154.5. Lesser ML, Rosen PP, Seine RT. Estrogen and
progesterone receptors in breast carcinoma; correlations with epidemiology and pathology. Cancer 1981;48: 299- 309.
[5]. Nadji M. Immunohistochemistry of estrogen and progesterone receptors reconsidered: experience with 5,993 breast cancers. Am J
Clin Pathol 2005; 123(1): 21- 27...

Abstract: Objectives:1. To find out the proportion of adolescent girls having Reproductive Tract Infections attending the adolescent clinic.2. To find out the association between the socio-demographic and menstrual variables and Reproductive Tract Infections, if any among the studied subjects. Materials and Methods:Study type: Observational epidemiological, clinic based. Study design: Cross-sectional Study area: The study was carried out in the "Anwesha" clinic , that is the only adolescent clinic situated in Bhatar block. This block is the rural field practice area of Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan. Study period: December 2014 to January 2015 Study population: All the adolescent girls.....

Keywords: Thalassemia major, growth failure, Hemoglobin.

[1]. Kishore J. National Health Programs of India. 9th edition, New Delhi, Century Publications
[2]. Ram R, Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya K, Baur B, Sarkar T, Bhattacharya A, Gupta D. Reproductive Tract Infection among female
adolescents. Indian Journal of Community Medicine 2006; 31(1):32-33
[3]. Dutt R, Patil S, Joshi S, Ramdev KSS. Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infection among adolescent girls in rural area of Raigad
District, Maharashtra. Bombay Hospital Journal2010;52(3):309-311.
[4]. Sharma S, Gupta B.P. The prevalence of reproductive tract infection and sexually transmitted diseases among married women in
reproductive age group in rural area. Indian Journal of Community Medicine 2009; 34:62-64
[5]. Parashar A, Gupta B.P, Bhardwaj A.K, Sarin R. Prevalence of RTIs among women of reproductive age group in Shimla city. Indian
Journal of Community Medicine 2006; 31:15-17

Abstract: Often patients report to a dental clinic with a large diastema that is unmanageable by simple direct or indirect laminates. These efforts usually result in unaesthetic results due to the teeth having unequal proportions. Such cases are best tackled by an inter-disciplinary approach as demonstrated in this case. The patient presented with a large midline diastema and requested its closure. First orthodontic movement was carried out to equalize the spaces between the 6 anterior teeth, following which eMax laminates were fabricated to close the now evenly spaced, minor diastemas.

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Abstract: Gallstone ileus is an important, though infrequent, cause of mechanical bowel obstruction, affecting older adult patients who often have other significant medical conditions. It is caused by impaction of a gallstone in the ileum after being passed through a biliary-enteric fistula. The diagnosis is often delayed since symptoms may be intermittent and investigations fail to identify the cause of the obstruction. The mainstay of treatment is removal of the obstructing stone after resuscitating the patient. Gallstone ileus continues to be associated with relatively high rates of morbidity and mortality..

Keywords: Gallstone ileus, Rigler triad

[1]. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/487927_4
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source=machineLearning&search=gallstone+ileus&selectedTitle=1~12&sectionRank=3&anchor=H11#H11
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[6]. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/487927_3.

Abstract: Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity caused by curable infectious diseases worldwide, and India contributes a significant burden of cases. Tuberculosis is one among the top 10 causes of death across the world, even above HIV-AIDS. In 2017, TB caused an estimated 1.3 million deaths (range 1.2–1.4 million) among HIV-negative people, and there were an additional 300 000 deaths from TB (range 266,000–335,000) among HIV-positive people. There were an estimated 10.0 million new cases of TB (range 9.0–11.1 million), equivalent to 133 cases (range 120–148) per 100,000 population.1 First line therapy.......

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drugs among patients treated foR active tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:1472-7.
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Gastroenterol 1996;22:211-4.
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Pharmacother 2004;38:1074-9.
[5]. Singh AK, Pant N. Adverse effects of fi rst line antitubercular medicines on patients taking directly observed treatment short course:
A hospital based study. Int J Med Public Health 2014;4:354-8..

Abstract: Introduction: Meckel-Gruber Syndrome was first described by J R Meckelin the year 1822. It is an autosomal recessive disorder, and is caused by the failure of mesodermal induction. The typical triad of Meckel-Gruber Syndrome (MGS) involves meningo-encephalocele, polycystic kidneys and postaxial polydactyly.Any two of these features with a normal karyotype are diagnostic of this syndrome. The worldwide incidence varies from 1 in 1.300 to 1 in 140.000 live births. Case: In this report, we present a case of MGS in which the diagnosis was made at around 15 weeks of gestation based on ultrasonographic findings (encephalocele, polycystic kidneys) These features were suggestive of the diagnosis..............

Keywords: Encephalocele, Meckel Gruber, polycystic kidneys, postaxial polydactyl

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in Joubert Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:186-94...

Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to investigate and compare wear of telescopic attachments constructed from different tooth colored materials by evaluating surface changes of both primary and secondary copings using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Materials and methods: Three identical clear acrylic resin models of completely edentulous mandibular arch were fabricated for this study. Two implants were installed bilaterally in canine region of the models by the aid of guide template. The models were scanned to design resilient telescopic attachment using CAD/CAM technology on the 3D image of the model. According to the material used to fabricate the telescopic attachment, the models were categorized as follows: 1-st group (PP) whereprimary and secondary telescopic copingswere constructed from peek, 2-nd group (ZZ) where primary and secondary telescopic copings.........

Keywords: Zircon-PEEK Telescopic Attachments, Implants Retained Mandibular Overdentures, wear

[1]. Estrada MM, Lopes BA.: Behavior of Implant-Bearing Overdenture materials With A Change In Number And Position
Implants. J Dent Health oral DisordTher 2017; 8(1): 00269.
[2]. KarnikS :Burak Y : Edwin M.: Fabrication of amandibular implant-Supported overdenturewith anew attachment system :A review
of current attachment systems .Int J Prosthodont . 2017: 30(3): 245-247.
[3]. Turp I, Bozdağ E, Sünbüloğlu E , Kahruman C .: Retention and surface changes of zirconia primary crowns with secondary crowns
of different materials. Clin Oral Invest, 2014; 18(8):2023–2035.
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2007; 35(11): 819-826.
[5]. Liebermann A, Wimmer T, Schmidlin H, Loffler P, Roos M, Stawarczyk B: Physicomechanical characterization of
polyetheretherketon and current esthetic dental CAD/CAM polymers after aging in different storage media. J Prosthet Dent,
2016;115(3):321-328...

Abstract: Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are major health problem throughout the world and common cause of premature morbidity and mortality.1 Today CVD accounts for approximately 30% deaths worldwide including nearly 40% in high income countries and about 28% in middle and low income countries. The global rise in CVD is the result of industrialization, urbanization and associated life style changes.2 Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective descriptive study carried out in cardiovascular emergency patients who were admitted in the ICU unit of tertiary care hospital of GGH, Kurnool. Case records of cardiovascular patients admitted to the ICU during the period from 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018 were studied.Incomplete data entry case........

Keywords: Cardiovascular emergencies, Drug utilization, Myocardial infarction

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