iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2019

Abstract: A Traumatic dental injury varies widely in its etiology and pattern across different demographic regions and societies. Gaining popularity of active life styles increase the risk of sustaining traumatic dental injuries in all age groups. This increase in risk, combined with the lack of awareness among the society about emergency management and sequelae of traumatic dental injuries, often compromises the prognosis of treating such injuries. The etiology and pattern of traumatic dental injuries sustained during the primary and mixed dentition period among the patients reporting to Government Dental College, Kottayam were evaluated retrospectively in this study. Data.........

Keywords: Traumatic dental injury, Awareness, Concussion

[1]. Glendor U. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries – a 12-year review of the literature. Dent Traumatol.2008;24:603–11.2.
[2]. Santos SE, Marchiori EC, Soares AJ, Asprino L, de Souza FilhoFJ, de Moraes M, et al. A 9-year retrospective study of dental trauma in Piracicaba and neighboring regions in theState of São Paulo, Brazil. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;68:1826–32.8

[3]. Al-Majed I, Murray JJ, Maguire A. Prevalence of dental trauma in 5-6- and 12-14-year-old boys in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Dent Traumatol 2001;17:153-8.

[4]. Kumar A, Bansal V, Veeresha KL, Sogi GM. Prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among 12- to 15-year-old schoolchildren in Ambala district, Haryana, India. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2011;9:301–305
[5]. Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Dental traumatology: quovadis. Endod Dent Traumatol 1990;6:78–80.

Abstract: Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which was previously called as Retrolental Fibroplasia (RFL), is a vaso-proliferative disorder of the retina. Preterm low birth weight infants are more prone for this disease those are exposed to large amount of Oxygen. Objectives: To study the incidence of ROP in preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks or a birth weight of less than 1500 grams admitted to NICU for a period of 1 year. To identify the risk factor which could influence the development of ROP. Methods: This was a prospective observational study, conducted at NICU, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, from 1st July 2017 to 30thJune 2018.........

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[2]. American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Ophthalmology. Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatrics. 2012 Dec 31:peds-2012.
[3]. Maheshwari R, Kumar H, Paul VK, Singh M, Deorari AK, Tiwari HK. Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care newborn unit in New Delhi. Natl Med J India 1996;9:211-4
[4]. Rekha S, Battu RR. Retinopathy of prematurity: incidence and risk factors. Indian Pediatr 1996;33:999-1003

[5]. Charan R, Dogra MR, Gupta A, Narang A. The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in a neonatal care unit. Indian journal of ophthalmology. 1995 Jul 1;43(3):123.

Abstract: Background: Pregnancy related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) is a heterogenous obstetric complication, which can occur at any stage during pregnancy and in postpartumperiod. It often impacts negatively on foetaloutcomes. Objective: To determine impact of PRAKI on foetal outcomes at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), Nairobi. Methods: We carried out a descriptive study on women with viable pregnancies, gestation age equal to, or above 28 weeks and postpartum women within six weeks after delivery admitted in labour ward or the post-natal wards at KNH. The study started afterit was approved by the KNH- University of Nairobi Ethics and Research Committee.Patient management was at the discretion of attending clinician.Data was obtained fromthe participants and their.........

Keywords: PRAKI, KNH, Preterm births,Fresh still births,Nairobi, Kenya

[1]. Giorgina B, Elena Z,Rossella A. Margarita I, Bianca C, Mona A, et al. Acute Kidney Injury in Pregnancy: The Need for Higher Awareness. A Pragmatic Review Focused on What Could Be Improved in the Prevention and Care of Pregnancy-Related AKI, in the Year Dedicated to Women and Kidney Diseases.J Clin Med. 2018 Oct; 7(10): 318.
[2]. Chunhong H,Shanying C. Acute kidney injury during pregnancy and puerperium, BMC Nephrology.2017 May1;18:146.
[3]. Machado S, Nuno F, Andreia B, Maria S, Luís F, Paulo M, et al. Acute kidney injury in pregnancy: A clinical challenge. J Nephrol. 2012 Feb; 25(01): 19- 30.
[4]. Hildebrand AM, Liu K, Shariff SZ, Ray JG, Sontrop JM, Clark WF, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of AKI treated with Dialysis during pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Am Soc Nephrol.2015 Dec; 26(12):3085-91.
[5]. Prakash J, Kumar H, Sinha DK, Kedalaya PG, Pandey LK, Srivastava PK et al . Acute renal failure in pregnancy in a developing country: twenty years of experience. Ren. Fail. 2006; 28: 309–313

Abstract:Obesity and overweight are known to be harmful to health.Several researchers in the past have reported the association of obesity, hypertensionwith ABO blood groups with controversial results. Studies considering an association betweenABO,Rh blood groups with obesity are not adequate particularly in eastern India. Therefore, the present study is aimed to evaluate the relationship of BMI with ABO & Rh blood group. 200 medical students between 18 and 23 years werechosen for the study. Their blood group and BMI were determined.Results were analyzed by using Graph pad prism 5, comparison was done using independent group t test. Result did not showany significant association of blood group with BMI

Keywords: blood group, BMI,Obesity

[1]. Parveen N, Rehman J, Hafeezul Hassan S, Hassan Z, Rehman M. Different blood groups;association with body mass index in medical students of Karachi. Prof Med J. 2016;23(8):1001–1004
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[3]. S.K. Rummel, R.E. Ellsworth.The role of the histoblood ABO group in cancer Future Sci OA, 2 (2) (2016 Mar 15), p. FSO107
[4]. WHO. BMI classification for adults, The International Classification of adult underweight, overweight and obesity according to BMI. Available from: http://apps.who.int/bmi/index.jsp?introPage=intro_3.html. Accessed Nov 25, 2016.
[5]. Khan MN, Khaliq I, Bakhsh A, Akhtar MS, Amin-ud-Din M. Distribution of ABO and Rh D Blood Groups in the Population of Poonch District, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. EastMediterr Heal J. 2009;15(3):717–721. [PubMed]..

Abstract: Objectives: Clinical evaluation and identification ofaetiology of asymptomatic raised serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level in newly detected adult diabetic and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) patients. Methods: In this crosse-sectional study, newlydetected adult diabetic and IGT patients having asymptomatic raised serum ALT level of >1.5 times of upper limit of normal were evaluated clinically and by laboratory tests. Results: Total number of patients was 120, whichwas 3.1% of all newly registered diabetic and IGT patients over the study period. Male were 74 and female 46. Diabetes mellitus(DM) was found in 93.3% cases and IGT in 6.7%. Mean age was 43.1.......

Keywords: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT

[1]. Kim HC, Nam CM, Jee SH, Han KH, Oh DK, Suh II. Normal serum Aminotransferase concentration and risk of mortality from liver diseases: prospective cohort study. Br Med J 2004;328;983-87.
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[3]. Cusi K. Nonalcholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr opin Endocrin Diab Obes 2009;16(2)141-49.
[4]. Naing C, Mak JW, Ahmed SI Maung M. Relationship between hepatitis C virus infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Meta analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18 (14): 1642-51
[5]. Wang CS, Wang ST, Yao WJ, Chang TT, Chou P, Hepatitis C virus infection and development of type 2 DM in a community based longitudinal study. Am J Epidemiol 2008: 167R(6): 751-71..

Abstract: Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as decreased glomerular filtration rate, raised urinary albumin excretion or both. CKD poses as a significant public health problem.Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging is a recently developed, non-invasive technique to quantitatively assess the mechanical stiffness properties of any organ tissue. Material & Methods: A total of 200 patients underwent renal biopsy. ARFI readings with resistive index, cortical thickness and renal length were measured by two radiologists prior to biopsy. The biopsy specimen was processed and graded as per.........

KeyWord: chronic kidney disease, Acoustic radiation force impulse, renal histological fibrosis, evaluation

[1]. Levey A, de Jong P, Coresh J, Nahas M, Astor B, Matsushita K et al. The definition, classification, and prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a KDIGO Controversies Conference report. Kidney International. 2011;80(1):17-28.
[2]. Coresh J, Astor B, Greene T, Eknoyan G, Levey A. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: Third national health and nutrition examination survey. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2003;41(1):1-12.
[3]. Jha V, Garcia-Garcia G, Iseki K, Li Z, Naicker S, Plattner B et al. Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives. The Lancet. 2013;382(9888):260-272.
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[5]. Ene-Iordache B, Perico N, Bikbov B, Carminati S, Remuzzi A, Perna A et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk in six regions of the world (ISN-KDDC): a cross-sectional study. The Lancet Global Health. 2016;4(5): e307-e319.

Abstract: The most common developmental odontogenic cyst of oral cavity is dentigerous cyst, otherwise it is called as follicular cyst. In 1853 Pagets was first one to introduce a term dentigerous cyst. It is nothing but fluid collection between unerupted tooth and follicular space. Usually it is an incidental finding. Sometimes it may be large and pain full, most of the time it is asymptomatic. Very rare in deciduous dentition, common in permanent dentition. Common finding in mandible about 70%, and 30% occurs in maxilla. Commonly involved impacted teeth are third molar, canine, 2nd premolar. The present case report is about a girl child patient aged 11 years with facial asymmetry . Clinical........

Keywords: Dentigerous cyst, Impacted canine, Maxillary sinus, ectopic tooth.

[1]. Beriat GK, Beriat NC, yalcinkaya. Ectopic molar tooth in maxillary sinus.a case report.
[2]. Mahesh KR, Umashankar DN, Nandakumar H, Radhika BM, sudhakar. Inflammatory variant of dentigerous cyst in maxillary sinus. A case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac pathol.2010;1:17-9.
[3]. M.Isa Kara, Saim Yanik, Ahmed Altan. Large dentigerous cyst in the maxillary sinus leading to Diplopia and Nasal obstruction.
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Abstract: Introduction: Around the world 78% of suicides occurred in low and middle income countries.However there is dearth of data from India. Aim: To study sociodemographic, clinical variables and severity of the attempt of thecases of suicide attempt Method: For this study cases of suicide attempt referred to the psychiatric unit were recruited. Detailed evaluation of suicide attempts and any psychiatric illness was done. Applied beck's suicide intent scale to asses severity of attempt. Results: Majority of the subjects were male gender(65%), married(68.3%), employed(63.5%), belonged to urban(69.8%), belonged to low socioeconomic status(79.4%). Most common precipitating factor was serious financial problem(36.6%) and most common mode of.......

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[2]. WHO | Suicide [Internet]. WHO. [cited 2017 Jun 19]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/
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Abstract: The objectives of the present study was to evaluate cytomorphology of prostatic lesions on fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears, & to correlate between the cytomorphology by FNA and histological examination of the core needle biopsy & resected prostatic tissue. This study was conducted on 125 patients from the general surgery and urosurgery departments. Male patients with clinical or radiological diagnosis of prostatomegaly and patients with biochemical assay findings were selected for the study. FNA smears using Franzén guide cannula, were made & stained with May Grünwald Giemsa and Papanicolaou stains. Postoperative tissue specimen obtained were formalin fixed, processed, sectioned and stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin. Of the 125 cases, non-malignant cases.......

Keywords: Prostate, FNAC, BHP, Prostatic adenocarcinoma & PIN..

[1]. Roger S Kirby, Timothy J Christmas & Brawer MK. Prostate Cancer. 2nd edition. Mosby International Ltd.2001
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[4]. Winifred Gray, Grace T Mckee. Diagnostic Cytopathology. 2nd edition (Reprint). Churchill Livingstone 2004
[5]. Jeffrey C. Applewhite, Brian R. Matlaga, David L McCullough, and Craig Hall. Transrectal Ultrasound and Biopsy in the Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer from Cancer Control . Journal Article, Cancer Control, March 2001; Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center

Abstract: Introduction: Maternal mortality and morbidity continue to be high in developing countries despite the existence of national programs for improving maternal and child health. This could be due to non-utilization or under-utilization of services.Objectives: 1) To assess the utilization of various antenatal care services among women in Urban field practice area.2)To study the factors influencing the utilization of antenatal care services.Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was done among 100 postnatal women who have delivered in past one year and residing in urban field practice area, Visakhapatnam fromMay to June 2019.Simple random.......

Keywords: Antenatal services, urban, utilization, Visakhapatnam

[1]. Alkema L, Chou D, Hogan D et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group., Lancet. 2016; 387 (10017): 462-74.
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Abstract: Background: Rocuronium with priming may produce comparable intubating time and conditions to that of succinylcholine. Rocuronium with priming may be an alternative to succinylcholine in rapid sequence intubation in conditions where succinylcholine is contraindicated. The present study is conducted to compare the intubating conditions and the intubation time of Rocuronium with and without priming. Methods: A randomized single blinded control study done in one hundred patients of ASA Physical Status of 1 and 2, aged between 18 &.......

Keywords: Rocuronium, Priming, TOF.

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Abstract: Background: Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), ESRD, and CKD requiring renal replacement therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate Body Mass Index (BMI) and Its correlation with Diabetic Nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: :- In this study 100 patients of type 2 diabetic were subjected to detailed history, clinical examination, Urine albumin creatinine ratio, BMI and routine bichemical investigations. Result: Among 100 patients, 41 were......

Keywords: Albuminurea, Body Mass Index (BMI),Diabetes type 2, Diabetic nephropathy, End stage renal diseas (ESRD) Proteinurea,.

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[2]. Jeffrey S. Flier, Elefneria Maratos-Flier. Pathobiology of obesity. In: Anthony S. Fauci, editor. Harrison's principales of internal medicine,20th ed. New Delhi: McGraw-Hill Education;2018.p.2837.
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Abstract: Periodontal regeneration refers to healing after periodontal surgery that result in the restoration of the lost periodontium and attachment apparatus including cementum, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. Although, regenerative techniques have been available for several years, and some have shown promising results, none of the techniques are without problems and none have proven to be 100% effective. Stem cells are the latest entrant in periodontal regeneration. Amongst which, Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells are currently the focus of research as these.....

Keywords: Periodontal regeneration; Tissue engineering; Mesenchymal stem cells; Dental mesenchymal stem cells; Periodontal ligament stem cells.

[1]. Lin NH, Gronthos S, Bartold PM. Stem cells and periodontal regeneration. Aust Dent J 2008; 53(2): 108-121.
[2]. Villar CC, Cochran DL. Regeneration of Periodontal Tissues: Guided Tissue Regeneration. Dent Clin N Am 2010; 54: 73-92.
[3]. Lee J, Stavropoulos A, Susin C, Wikesjo ME. Periodontal regeneration: focus on growth and differentiation factors. Dent Clin North Am 2010 Jan; 54(1):93-111

[4]. Ramseier CA, Bramson ZR, Jin Q, Giannobile WV. Gene Therapeutics for periodontal Regenerative Medicine. Dent Clin N Am 2006; 50: 245-263.
[5]. Thomas GV, Thomas NG, John S, Ittycheria PG (2015) The Scope of Stem Cells in Periodontal Regeneration. J Dent Oral Disord Ther 3(2): 1-9.

Abstract: Abruptio placentae is one of the causes of antepartum haemorrhage. Separation of the placenta either partially or totally from its implantation site before delivery is described as Abruptio placentae. Our study aims to determine the causes, maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with Abruptio Placentae.This is a Prospective descriptive study conducted at government maternity hospital,tirupathi.In present study,41 cases of Abruption Placentae were included and studied regarding clinical features,presenting complaints,live births,maternal mortality, perinatal.......

Keywords: Abruptio Placentae,perinatal mortality,warning signs.

[1]. Saihu HM, Bekan B,Aliyu MH,Rouse DJ,Kirby RS,Alexander GR,Perinatal mortality associated with abruption placentae in singletons and multiples.Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005 Jul;193(1):198-203.
[2]. Singhal S,Nymphaea,Nabda S.Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Antepartum Haemorrhage:A Study At A Tertiary Care Referral Institute.The Internet Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.2007;9(2).
[3]. B.Bako, B.M.Audu, C.M.Chama, O.Kyari, A.Idrissa.A8 year clinical review of Antepartum hemorrhage 1999-2006;BOMJ.2008;5(2):14-21.
[4]. Kalavati Girdharilal Jaju,A P Kulkarni,Shivprasad Kachrulal Mundada. Study of perinatal outcome in relation to APH. International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology,2014;11(3):355-358.
[5]. Nazli H,Nusrat K,Syeda SS et al.Abruptio placenta and adverse pregnancy outcome.JPMA Vol 60,No.6,June 2010

Abstract: Amblyopia is decreased vision consequent to abnormal visual experience like strabismus, stimulus deprivation or anisometropia leading to physiological alterations in visual cortex. In infants and children it has been successfully treated by occlusion. But, in adults it is still regarded has untreatable. Our aim is to study the effects of perceptual learning in treating amblyopia through home based spectacle mounted synoptophore (SMS). Methods: Spectacle based synoptophore was designed with locally available "bio-scope" toys mounted on a trial frame, fitted with LED lights for alternate flashing and sound producing chip. 10 amblyopic patients aged from 10- 40 years were given.......

Keywords: Amblyopia, Perceptual learning, MSMS, Contextual senses.

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