iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2019

Abstract: Hirschsprung's disease is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in pediatric age group. It usually present in the neonatal period or early childhood. Diagnosis is usually made by classical presentation of H.D, supported by barium enema showing a transition zone. Rectal biopsy showing absent ganglion cells, nerve hypertrophy and increased acetyl cholinesterase on immune-histiochemical study is confirmatory. Diverting colostomy is done at the time of diagnosis, definitive surgery is performed when the child attains sufficient weight and age followed.............

[1]. Hirschsprung H:St uhltragheitneugeborner in folge von dilat at ion and hypertrophie des colons.JaharbKinderch 1887;27:1-7
[2]. Fenwick W: Hypertrophy and dilatation of the colon in infancy. Br Med J 2:564,1900
[3]. EhrenpreisT :Megacolon of the newborn. ActaChirScandSuppl 94:87.1994.
[4]. Daniel HT,Arnold GC, Jordan JW,Timorthy K:hirschsprung disease and related neuromuscular disorders of the intestine. Pediatric surg 5thedi 1998, Mosby
[5]. Russell MB, Russell CA, Niebuhr E: An epidemiological study of Hirschsprung's disease and additional anomalies. ActaPaediatr 1994 Jan; 83(1): 68-71.

Abstract: Aims: To review the characteristics of patients admitted with right sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia ( RCDH) and treated at a tertiary care centre over a period of 10 years. Materials and methods: Records of patients diagnosed with RCDH who underwent treatment in a tertiary care centre between Jan 2009- Dec 2018. The variables noted down were: age at diagnosis, sex ratio, associated malformations, delay between initial presentation and diagnosis, clinical examination and operative findings. Results: RCH constituted 15% of the 50 patients with CDH operated between 2009-2018. Mean age of diagnosis was 6 months( range 4 days- 16 months). Male to female ratio was ~ 1:2. Delay in diagnosis of symptomatic patients ranged between 0-12 months( mean 5.5 months). 2 patients presented immediately in neonatal period and 5 patients with.......

Keywords: Right congenital diaphragmatic hernia,CXR, hernial sac

[1]. Dave S, Gupta DK. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia. In: Gupta DK ( Ed) Textbook of Neonatal Surgery 1st Ed. Modern Publishers, New Delhi; 374-6.
[2]. Collin M, Trinder S et al. A modern era comparison of right versus left sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia outcomes. J Ped Surg; 51: 1409-13.
[3]. Partridge EA, William H et al. Right versus left sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia a comparative outcome analysis. J Pediatr Surg ; 51: 900-2.
[4]. Schaible T, Kohl J et al. Right versus left sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia: postnatal outcome at a specialised tertiary care centre. Pediatr Crit Care Med ; 13: 66-70.
[5]. Osebold WR, Soper RT. Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia post infancy. Am J Surg 131; 748-54..

Abstract: Placenta previa is an obstetric condition in which the placenta is implanted somewhere in the lower segment of the uterus either near or over the internal cervical os, presenting ahead of the leading pole of the foetus. It should be suspected in any woman beyond 20 weeks of GA who presents with painless vaginal bleeding. It usually occurs in the second or third trimesters and rarely in the later part of the first trimester and is a major cause of antepartum haemorrhage. It is seen in approximately 0.4-0.5% of all labours. The incidence of placenta previa is on the rise following wide spread increase in the caesarean section rate. A meta-analysis showed that the rate of placenta previa increases with the increasing number of caesarean deliveries, with a rate of 1% after 1 caesarean delivery, 2.8% after 3 caesarean deliveries and as high as 3.7% after 5 caesarean deliveries1..........

[1]. Marshall NE,Fu R,Guise JM.Impact of multiple caesarean deliveries on maternal morbidity:a systematic review.Am JObstet Gynecol 2011Sep;205(3):262.e1-8.
[2]. Leerentveld RA, Gilberts ECAM, Arnold KJCW, Wladimiroff JW. Accuracy and safety of transvaginal sonographic placental localization. Obstet Gynecol 1990;76:759–62.
[3]. Oppenheimer L, Holmes P, Simpson N, Dabrowski A. Diagnosis of lowlying placenta: can migration in the third trimester predict outcome? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001;8:100–2.
[4]. Clausen C,Lonn L,Langhoff-Roos J.Management of placenta percreta:a review of publisged cases.Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2014;93(2):138-143.
[5]. Creasy RK,Resnik R,Iams J,Lockwood C,Moore T,Greene M.Placenta previa,placenta accrete,abruotio placentae,and vasa previa.Creasy and Resinik‗s Maternal-Fetal Medicine:Principles and Practice.7th ed.Saunders:Philadelphia,PA.2014;732-742.

Abstract: Acute kidney injury is one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality world wide. The present study was done in a tertiary care hospital in East Godavari District , Andhra Pradesh, India, among 100 patients of acute kidney injury with an objective to find out the most common causes of AKI in this particular area. Results showed that the major causes of AKI in this area are sepsis, gastroenteritis, heart failure and malaria.

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[3]. Brady HR, Gary G, Singer GG. Acute renal failure.LANCET. 2012;346:1533-1540.
[4]. Brady HR, Brenner BM. Acute renal failure. In Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hanser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL editors. Harrison's principles of Internal Medicine, Vol.2, 18thed.New York, McGraw Hill; 2012.p.2280-2307.
[5]. Ganong WF. Renal functions and micturition.In Review of Medical Physiology, 23rd ed. Boston, McGraw Hill; 2008.p.699-728..

Abstract: The ultimate objective of dentistry is to help and support patients to keep all their teeth throughout their lives in healthy and comfortable condition. However, if teeth are lost despite the efforts to save them, a restoration must be made in such a manner that it functions efficiently and comfortably in harmony with the muscles of the stomatognathic system and temporomandibular joints. Since it is difficult to achieve this harmony in highly atrophic mandible so in order to have a favourable prognosis in such conditions, the impression technique selected must to be based on the present state of the basal tissue support and the biometric denture space should be respected. This paper presents a case report, whereby a complete denture has been shaped by muscle function in harmony with the surrounding oral structures and special impression technique is used to record atrophic ridges to increase the retention and stability of the denture besides maintaining the facial aesthetics.

Keywords: Atrophic ridges, All Green technique, neutral zone, piezography

[1]. Cagna DR, Massad JJ, Schiesser FJ. The neutral zone revisited: From historical concepts to modern application J Prosthet Dent 2009; 101:405-412.
[2]. Kumar A., Prasad K. Neutral Zone Impression Technique for Mandibular Compromised Ridges: A Case Report International Journal of Dental and Medical Research | Nov - Dec 2014 | Vol 1 | Issue 4.
[3]. Herekar M et al. A Physiologic Impression Technique for Resorbed Mandibular Ridges Journal of Dental & Allied Sciences 2013;2(2):8.
[4]. Yadav B et al Comparison of Different Final Impression Techniques for Management of Resorbed Mandibular Ridge: A Case Report Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Dentistry Volume 2014.
[5]. Sankar S. S. et al. Biometric Denture Space- Concept of Neutral Zone Revisited Using A Hydrocolloid Impression Material Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2015 Nov, Vol-9(11): ZD10-ZD12..

Abstract: Lymphedema may be defined as abnormal limb swelling caused by accumulation of increased amounts of high protein ISF secondary to defective lymphatic drainage in presence of (near) normal net capillary filtration(1). At birth, 1 in 6000 people will develop lymphedema with overall prevalence of 0.13-2%(1). Despite significant impact on quality of life, many dont seek medical advice because of embarrassment and belief that nothing can be done(1). Here we report a case of successful reduction in volume of lymphedema limb by charles operation.

Keywords: Lymphedema; Charles operation; Surgical management

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[4]. Kurland LT, Molgaard CA. The patient record in immunology. Sci Am. 1981;245(4):54-63.
[5]. Mak JW. Epidemiology of lymphatic filariasis. Ciba Found Symp. 1987;127(1):5-14..

Abstract: Due to the absence of an approved vaccine or a cure, the most effective measure to prevent and control dengue fever is by preventing the disease transmission by its vector, the Aedes mosquito. The control measure requires awareness, support and empowerment of the community. The study is designed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Malaysia medical students on dengue fever and to find out the practices of preventive measures among them. Total 200 medical students from Year 1 to Year 5are involved in the study that the overall level of knowledge of medical students on dengue fever was adequate. The attitudes towards dengue prevention and control was also good. However, the practice of dengue control was unsatisfactory. Senior medical students knew dengue fever better than their younger counterparts. There was significant association between gender and knowledge of dengue serotypes.

Keywords: Knowledge, attitude,practice,dengue fever

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[2]. "Update on the Dengue Situation in the Western Pacific Region." Dengue Situation Update Number 546, 5 July 2018, www.wpro.who.int/entity/emergencies/dengue_20180705.pdf.
[3]. Kurane I. Dengue hemorrhagic fever with special emphasis on immunopathogenesis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;30:329–40.
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[5]. Chuansumrit A, Tangnararatchakit K. Pathophysiology and management of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Transfusion Alternatives In Transfusion Medicine. 2006;8 (Suppl 1):3-11..

Abstract: Introduction: Tobacco consumption is a global health concern. It is associated with negative systemic and oral health outcomes. Dental professionals are expected to set a role model for the public with respect to smoking behavior. Studies that had assessed dental professional smoking attitude in Saudi Arabia is scarce. Objectives: This study aims to investigate dental professionals' attitude toward smoking and smoking cessation programs in Saudi Arabia........

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[3]. Johnson N. Tobacco use and oral cancer. J Dent Educ 2001;65(4):328-39
[4]. Alomari Q., Barriesh-Nusair K., Said K. Smoking prevalence and its effect on dental health attitudes and behavior among dental students. Med PrincPract2006;15:195-9
[5]. Winn DM. Tobacco use and oral disease. J Dent Educ 2001; 65:306-12.

Abstract: Coronal Fracture of anterior teeth is a relatively common outcome of trauma to the teeth. If the fractured teeth fragments are recovered by the patient and brought to the dental office, the fragments may be reattached to the tooth structure. Reattachment of fractured tooth fragments using dental adhesive techniques offers some advantages, including restoration of the function, aesthetics, shape, texture and brightness of the surface. This article reports management of a case of a 9-year-old boy with fractured maxillary central incisors. The procedure described in this case report for reattachment of the fractured fragment is reasonably simple, and provides long-lasting esthetics, improved function, positive psychologic response with a very conservative approach..

Key Words: Complicated crown fracture, dental trauma, maxillary central incisor, fragment reattachment, mineral trioxide aggregate

[1]. Rappelli G, Massaccesi C, &Putignano A (2002) Clinical procedures for the immediate reattachment of a tooth fragment Dental Traumatology 18(5) 281-284.
[2]. Wang C, Qin M, & Guan Y (2014) Analysis of pulp prognosis in 603 permanent teeth with uncomplicated crown fracture with or without luxation Dental Traumatology 30(5) 333-337.
[3]. Andreasen JO, Ravn JJ. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries to primary and permanent teeth in a Danish population sample. Int J Oral Surg1972;1:235-9.
[4]. Miranda DA, Pini NP, Matthews A, Moura LA, do Vale HF, Casati MZ, Lima DA, Marchi GM, Lovadino JR, &Aguiar FH (2012) Esthetic and functional rehabilitation via reattachment of dental fragments Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry 33(10) E130-E137.
[5]. Iseri U, Ozkurt Z, &Kazazoglu E (2011) Clinical management of a fractured anterior tooth with reattachment technique: a case report with an 8-year follow up Dental Traumatology 27(5) 399-403.

Abstract: We examined the renal, hormonal and central thirst and arginine vasopressin (AVP) osmoregulatory systems that accompany the aging process and how these influence the risk of altered water and electrolyte balance in the elderly. When deprived of fluid or confronted with a hyperosmotic or hypovolemic stimulus, elderly people exhibit a decreased perception of thirst and reduced fluid intake. Altered hydromineral balance is a common feature in elderly people due to impaired capacity to restore and maintain fluid balance. The consequent hypovolemia appears to be.........

Keywords: aging, thirst, drinking, arginine vasopressin, dehydration, overhydration

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Abstract: La dysménorrhée, connue également sous le nom de règles douloureuses, est un trouble qui affecte un grand nombre de femmes en âge de procréer. L'utilisation des bouillottes dans un but antalgique dans les dysménorrhées est une pratique courante au Maroc, Ses risques ne sont pas rares doivent conduire à une réglementation de leur fabrication et leur utilisation afin de réduire le taux des accidents. Les auteurs mettent en exergue, à travers une étude rétrospective de trente-trois cas de brûlure par bouillottes traités dans notre service, les différents facteurs qui interviennent dans la genèse de ces accidents ainsi que les modalités de prévention. Mots clés : dysménorrhée, bouillotte, brûlure, prévention.......

Keywords: Dysmenorrhea- boilers- burns- prevention

[1]. D. Goltsman, Z. Li a,b, E. Bruce et coll, : Too hot to handle? Hot water bottle injuries in Sydney, Australia. Burns; 41: 770-7, 2015
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[3]. S. Jabir, Q. Frew Q, N. El-Muttardi et coll : Burn injuries resulting from hot water bottle use: a retrospective review of cases presenting to a regional burns unit in the United kingdom. Plast Surg Int :736368, 2013
[4]. D Ben, L. Chen Xu, Z Xia et coll : Hot-water bottle burns: a review of 294 cases treated in Changhai Hospital Burn Centre in the period 1991–2001. Ann Burns Fire Disasters; 17:5–8, 2004
[5].

Abstract: AIM : The aim of the study is to assess the accuracy of THIRD GENERATION APEX LOCATOR ( DENTAPORT ZX (J.MoritaCo,Kyoto,Japan) and FIFTH GENERATION APEX LOCATORS ( PROPEX II(DentsplyMaillefer,Ballaigues,Switzerland) in detecting root perforations in Dry conditions, and in presence of irrigants like-3%NaOCl,17%EDTA,2% Chlorhexidine.. METHOD:20 extracted single rooted human teeth were perforated artificially in the middle 3rd of the root.The actual length of perforation were measured ,and teeth were embedded in alginate mould.The electronic length of perforation were measured by both apex locators in different canal conditions allowing tolerance of ±0.5mm.Statistical analysis were performed using Friedman test, P-values obtained using Wilcoxon signed rank test at a significance level of P>0.05..........

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[4]. Mateo L,Ruiz J, Olive A, Manterola J,......