iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2019

Abstract:An The study was conducted to know the prevalence & pattern of dental diseases among Bangladeshi adult people, especially in Dhaka city, thecapital of Bangladesh. It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study conducted in different private clinics, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2017 to June 2017. The aim of this study was to find out pattern of common dental health problems in private dental clinics, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Purposive sampling technique was used for selecting subjects. Two hundred(200)patients fromfour (4) selected clinics were included in the study maintaining some inclusion and exclusion criteria.In our study, males are dominating the sex distributions among the participants, representing 60% of the total study subjects. The most affected........

Key words: Dental Diseases, Pattern, Adult Patients

[1]. G. Dale. Guidance of Occlusion: Serial Extraction. In Graber T.M., Swain.B.F. eds.Orthodontics Current Principles and Technique. [2]. Genco R1, Offenbacher S, Beck J.: Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Journal of American Dental Association 2 J Am Dent Assoc. 2002 Jun;133 Suppl:14S-22S
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[5]. Loe H, SilnessJ .Periodntal disease in pregnancy. I. prevelance and severity. ActeOdontalScand 1963; 21: 533-51.

Abstract: Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is a life-threatening disease with an increased incidence in African and Asian countries as compared to West. Despite advances in modern medical care, mortality ranges from 6 to 76 %[1].NSTI are less common than subcutaneous abscess and cellulitis but are much more seriousconditions whose severity initially may go unrecognized. My study aim Toexplore the relation between the laboratory risk indicators for necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC) score with the clinical features and surgical management of necrotizing soft tissue infections.This Hospital-based, open, case-control, observational studywasconducted in the department of Surgery over a period of 18 months. A total of 60 patients with severe soft tissue infections requiring.....

[1]. Su Yi-Chun, Chen Hung-Wen et al. Laboratory Risk indicator For Necrotizing Fasciitis Score and The Outcomes. ANZ J. Surg.2008; 78: 968-972.
[2]. Salcido "Sal" R. Necrotizing Fasciitis: Reviewing the Causes and Treatment Strategies. Adv Skin Wound Care 2007;20(5):288-93.
[3]. Trent JT, Kirsner RS. Diagnosing Necrotizing Fasciitis. Adv Skin Wound Care 2002; 15(3): 135-38.
[4]. Patino JF, Castro D. Necrotizing lesion of soft tissue: A review. World J Surg 1991; 15:235-39.
[5]. Asfar SK, Baraka A, Juma T et al, Necrotizing fasciitis. Br J Surg 1991; 78:838-40.

Abstract: The present study consists of 70 selected patients admitted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital within a period of one year from July 2017 to June 2018 who underwent tympanoplasty operation with or without mastoid exploration in a single setting. The aim was to study the type of tympanoplasty and to evaluate the hearing improvement following the surgery. Majority(48.57%) cases were in the group of young adults(16-30 yrs). 65.7% cases were from lower class, 41.4% cases had moderate conductive hearing loss. Intact canal wall mastoidectomy(57.1%) and modified radical mastoidectomy(39.2%) was undertaken where post-op graft healing was 93.7% and 100% respectively. In post-operative Audiometry, after a duration of 2 months AC≤30 dB was achieved in 68.8% cases of Type I Tympanoplasty It was observed that the post-operative AC threshold of ≤30 dB gave maximum satisfactory hearing to the patient(95.8%).

Keywords- Tympanoplasty, Chronic suppurative otitis media, Ossiculoplasty

[1]. Hoffman J, Dobie R. Declining prevalence of Hearing loss in US Adults aged 20-69 years. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2017;143(3):274-285
[2]. Bhatia K, Vaid L. Effect of Type 1 Tympanoplasty on the Quality of life of CSOM patients. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, Dec. 2016;68(4):468-474
[3]. Merchant SN, Rosowski JJ, McKenna MJ. Tympanoplasty: operative techniques. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;14:224-36.
[4]. Schuknecht HF. Pathology of the ear, 2nd edn. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1993: 191–253
[5]. Waldman EH, Lustig LR. Sir Charles Alfred Ballance: contributions to otology and neurotology. Otol Neurotol 2005;26:1073-82.

Abstract: Odontogenic infections are frequently encountered in the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery.The predominant organism which are found in odontogenic infection are streptococci and staphylococcus.The prevalent odontogenic infections may spread and involve the potential spaces in head and neck region leading to fascial space infection.This article deals with the various microorganisms encountered in orofacial space infection and their incidence and prevalence.

Keywords: Space Infection, Microorganisms, Aerobic, Anaerobic

[1]. Virolainen. E, J. Haapaniemi, K. Aitasalo AND J. Suonpaa (1979).Deep neck infections. Int. J. Oral Surg. 1979: 8: 407-411IO
[2]. Daniel Labriola, J., Mascaro, J., & Alpert, B. (1983). Themicrobiologic flora of orofacial abscesses. Journal of Oral andMaxillofacial Surgery, 41(11), 711–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(83)90186-6N
[3]. Sánchez, R., Mirada, E., Arias, J., Paño, J. R., &Burgueño, M. (2011). Severe odontogenic infections: Epidemiological,microbiological and therapeutic factors. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y CirugiaBucal, 16(5). https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.16995
[4]. Walia IS, Borle RM, Mehendiratta D, Yadav AO. Microbiology and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Head and Neck Space Infections of Odontogenic Origin. Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery. 2014;13(1):16-21. doi:10.1007/s12663-012-0455-6.
[5]. Fating, N. S., Saikrishna, D., Vijay Kumar, G. S., Shetty, S. K., &Raghavendra Rao, M. (2014). Detection of Bacterial Flora inOrofacial Space Infections and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile.Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 13(4), 525–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-013-0575-7

Abstract: Aim:- The aim of the study is to use shear modulus and sound touch elastosonography for retrospective study of 43 consecutive women with breast lumps to differentiate between malignant and benign lesions.Methods :- Elastosonography provides a noninvasive evaluation of the stiffness of a lesion. Strain and shear wave elastosonography improves the possibility of differentiating benign from malignant lesions there by limiting recourse to biopsy.Result :- The parameters of sound touch elastosonography provide valuable data for the evaluation of Breast lesions. The histopathological result obtained from operative excisions was used as the reference standard. Malignant lesions were 11.63%, benign 81.40% chronic inflammation4.65% lobular hyperplasia 2.32%. Analysis of.....

Keywords :- Elastosonography, Sound touch elastosonography shear modulus, Breast Cancer

[1]. Ban K A, Godellas CV . Epidemiology of breast cancer. Surg Oncl Clin North Am 2014;23:409-422.
[2]. Chang JM , Moon WK Cho, N Yi A Koo HR, Han W Noh DY. Moon HG, Kim SJ. Clinical Application of shear wave elastosonography (SWE) in the diagnosis of bengin and malignant breast diseases.Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011;129;89-97
[3]. Cho N, Moon WK. park JS, Cha JH. Jang M. Scong MH. Nonpalpable breast masses: Evaluation by US elastography. Korean J Radiol 2008;9:111-118.
[4]. Cho N. Jang M, Lyou CY , park JS, Choi HY, Moon WK> Distinguishing benig from malignant masses at breast US: Combined US elastosonography and colour Doppler US – Influence on radiologist accuracy. Radiology 2012;262:80-90.
[5]. Cosgrave DO, Berg WA, Dore CJ. Skyba DM, Henry JP Gay J, Cohen- Bacric C. BET Study Group. Shear Wave Elastosonography for breast masses is highly reproducible. Eur Radiol 2012;22:1023-1032

Abstract: Ultrasonography has became a valuable diagnostic imaging device in the field of ophthalmology The present cross-sectional study involving B-scan ultrasonography among 124 patients (248 eyes) highlighted the advantages of ocular ultra sonography (B-mode) in the evaluation of posterior segment disorders. Sonography of the eye is a rapid, cheap, safe and reliable investigation for the eye. The sensitivity and specificity of this modality in detecting posterior segment pathologies has been recorded as extremely high and is of great value to the eye surgeon for a preoperative assessment of the posterior segment when fundoscopy is not possible due to opaque ocular media from various causes.....

Key Words: Ultrasonography, Eye, Posterior segment pathology

[1]. Bedi DG, Gombus DS, Chaan SN, Singh S. Sonography of the eye. Am J Roentgenol 2006; 187:1061-72.
[2]. Green RL, Byrne SF. Diagnostic ophthalmic ultrasound [Chapter 14]. Basic Science, Inherited Retinal Disease and Tumors. Retina 2006; vol I. 4th ed. Mosby (Elsevier); 2006. p. 265.
[3]. Javed EA, Ali A, Ahmad I, Hussain M. Diagnostic applications of B-scan. Pak J Ophthalmol 2007; 23:80-3.
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[5]. Sharma OP. Orbital sonography with its clinico-surgical correlation. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2005; 15:537-54.
[6]. Nzeh D A, Owoeye J F A, Ademola- Popoola D S, Uyanne I. Correlation of Clinical and Ultrasound Findings in Orbito- ocular Disease using Non-Dedicated Scanners: Experience at Ilorin, Nigeria. European Journal of Scientific Research 2007; 16 (3): 352-357..

Abstract: Background: Ferritin is an iron storage protein which is present in most of the tissues. Its levels in the serum are altered in thyroid disorders and also reflects the thyroid function with any change in its level Objective: Thyroperoxidase which is dependent on iron for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. So there is an association with thyroid profile and ferritin levels. The aim of study is to investigate the changes in serum levels of ferritin and LDH in hyperthyroidism Materials and Methods: Ferritin, Iron, TIBC and LDH levels were estimated in 50 age and sex matched patients of hyperthyroidism using....

KEY WORDS: Ferritin, hyperthyroidism, LDH – Lactate Dehydrogenase.

[1]. Leedman P, Stein A, Chin W, Rogers J. Thyroid Hormone Modulates the Interaction between Iron Regulatory Proteins and the Ferritin mRNA Iron-responsive Element. J Biol Chem. 1996, 271:12017-12023
[2]. Vanderpump MP. The epidemiology of thyroid disease. Br Med Bull. 2011;99:39-51.
[3]. Beyer IW, Karmali R, DeMeester-Mirkine N, Cogan E, Fuss MJ. Serum creatine kinase levels in overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid 1998;8:1029-31
[4]. Navreet Kaur,Sukhraj Kaur, Mridula Mahajan. Correlation of Thyroid hormones with Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity. International Journal of Current Research Vol. 8, Issue, 06, pp.32616-32618, June, 2016
[5]. Klein I, Levey GS. Unusual manifestations of hypothyroidism. Arch Intern Med 1984;144:123-8

Abstract: Introduction: Bracket debonding from the tooth surface is a common problem in fixed orthodontics. The present study was done to assess the bond strength and failure sites with metallic and ceramic brackets. Materials and Methods:160 human maxillary premolars were assigned to 2 groups (metallic and ceramic) and were further subdivided into 4 Subgroups according to the generations of adhesive system used i.e. Transbond XT light cure adhesive (3M UNITEK), Heliosit Orthodontic (IVOCLAR VIVADENT), Transbond self-etching primer (3M UNITEK), Optibond All-In-One adhesive (KERR DENTAL). Bracket bonding was done according to the respective adhesive manufacturer's.......

Key words: Acid etching, orthodontic brackets, shearing bond strength..

[1]. Douglas RixComparison of bond strength of three adhesives: Composite resin, hybrid GIC, and glass-filled GIC (Am J OrthodDentofacialOrthop 2001;119:36-42).
[2]. Ella Aasrum Tensile bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a fluoride-releasing light-curing adhesive. An in vitro comparative study Am J OrthodDentofaciOrthop 1993;104.:48-50.)
[3]. G. Bradburn, An in vitro light-cured orthodontic study of the bond strength of two composites used in the direct bonding brackets AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC ORTHOP 1992; 102:418-26.)
[4]. V. P. Joseph, The shear bond strengths of stainless steel and ceramic brackets used with chemically and light-activated composite resins. (AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC ORTHOP 1990; 97:121-5.)
[5]. Tamer Buyukyilmaz. Effect of self-etching primer on bond strength- Are they reliable (Angle Orthod2003; 73:64–70.)

Abstract: Background: Non venereal dermatosis tend to create confusion from venereal dermatosis. This may be responsible for considerable concern to the patient as well as may cause diagnostic dilemma to the physicians. They may be responsible for mental distress and guilt feelings in patients. Non venereal dermatosis may not be restricted to genitalia alone, it may affect skin and mucous membrane also. Most of the patients with genital lesions had apprehension of suffering from some venereal disorders and attends opd for seeking venerophobia. Objectives & Aim: We conducted this study to find the pattern of non-venereal dermatosis of male external genitalia and to correlate.....

Key words: Non venereal genital dermatoses, Non sexually transmitted diseases, venerophobia

[1]. Bunker CB, Neill SM. The genital, perianal and umbilical regions. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology. 7th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 2004. pp. 68.1–104.
[2]. Acharya KM, Ranpara H, Sakhia JJ, Kaur C. A study of 200 cases of genital lesions of non-venereal origin. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1998;64:68–70. [PubMed]
[3]. Karthikeyan KE, Jaishankar TJ, Thappa DM. Non-venereal dermatoses of male genital region-prevalence and pattern in a referral centre in South India. Indian J Dermatol. 2001;46:18–22.
[4]. Khoo LS, Cheong WK. Common genital dermatoses in male patients attending a public sexually transmitted disease clinic in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1995;24:505–9. [PubMed]
[5]. Puri N, Puri A. A study of non-venereal genital dermatoses in North India. Our Dermatol Online. 2013;4:3047..

Abstract: Stroke is the third commonest cause of death across the world. Stroke is becoming a very important cause of disability and premature death in developing countries like India.Over the last few decades, a rise in non communicable diseases including stroke has been considered to be related primarily to demographic changes and enhanced by the prevalence of the risk factors.Bilirubin the final product of heme catabolism was thought to be only a waste end-product. However, it is now considered as an antioxidant that may have role in the progress of diseases caused.....

[1]. Association of Serum Bilirubin with Ischemic Stroke Outcomes. Sandra Pineda, BS, Oh Young Bang, MD, PhD and Bruce Ovbiagele, MD J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2008; 17(3): 147–152.
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[4]. Reddy K, Yusuf S. Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. Circulation 1998; 97:596–601.
[5]. Davidson's principles and practices of Medicine, 20th edition..

Abstract: Placement of an epidural catheter in epidural space is a routine practice for providing anaesthesia & or analgesia in various surgical procedures. Breakage of epidural catheter though rare is a well-known but worrisome complication. The presence of a retained epidural catheter fragment tip must be addressed and communicated both to the surgeon and the patient

[1]. Tio T, Macmurdo S, McKenzie R. Mishap with an epidural catheter. Anesthesiology 1979; 50:260-62.
[2]. DeVera H, Ries M. Complication of continuous spinal microcatheter: should we seek their removal if sheared? Anesthesiology1991; 74:794
[3]. Bonica JJ, Backup PH, Anderson CE, Hadfield D, Crepps WF, Monk BF. Peridural block: analysis of 3,637 cases and a review Anesthesiology 1957; 18: 723-784.
[4]. Hobaika ABS. Breakage of epidural catheters: etiology, prevention, and management. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2008; 58: 227-233.
[5]. Nishio I, Sekiguchi M, Aoyama Y et al. – Decreased tensile strength of and epidural catheter during its removal by grasping with a hemostat. Anesth Analg, 2001;93:210-212.

Abstract: Background: Autoimmune thyroiditis is the second most common thyroid lesion diagnosed on FNAC after colloid goitre. Study was done to undertake clinical and cytological parameters of all thyroid swellings and also to assess the thyroid functional status and to find out the serum anti-TPO antibody levels in patients diagnosed as autoimmune thyroiditis (AT). Materials and methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, North Bengal Medical College over a period of one year. After obtaining detailed history and clinical examination, FNAC was performed and the cytological diagnoses were rendered. Estimation of serum free T4, TSH and anti-TPO antibody was carried out in cytologically diagnosed cases of autoimmune thyroiditis. Results: Out of 186 patients, in 173 cases........

Key words: Goitre, FNAC, AT-autoimmune thyroiditis, free T4, TSH, anti-TPO antibody

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[3]. Pearce EN, Farwell AP, Braverman LE. Thyroiditis. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2646-55.
[4]. Saravanan P, Dayan CM. Thyroid autoantibodies. EndocrinolMetabClin North Am 2001;30:315-37.
[5]. Singer PA. Thyroiditis.Acute, subacute and chronic. Med Clin North Am 1991;75:61-77..