iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2019

Abstract: Detailed clinical history, complete hematologic evaluation along with newer ancillary techniques including High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), when used systematically can achieve laboratory diagnosis of thalassemia syndromes and hemoglobinopathies. With this background knowledge we framed the present scientific study to assess prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies by HPLC among antenatal cases and their family members and transfusion requiring children and adults, according to clinical findings in a newly developing government run medical college..........

Keywords: HPLC, Hemoglobinopathies, Uttar Dinajpur HPLC in Characterization of Hemoglobinopathies: A single center based hematological study in a newly developed Government medical college in west Bengal, India.

[1]. WHO Library Cataloguing‑in‑Publication DataThe global burden of disease: 2004 update1.Cost of illness. World Health Organization. Weekly Epidemiological Record, statistics.3.Mortality‑trends.I. World Health Organization. ISBN No. 48, 2008, 83, 429‑40. 978 92 4 156371 0,(NLM classification: W 74).
[2]. World Health Organization.SEARO:(1999). Health situation in the 11. Eleftheriou A. Thalassemia International Federation: Guidelines South‑East Asia Region, New Delhi 1994‑97. for the clinical management of thalassemia. Nicosia Cyprus; TIF
[3]. Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB, The Thalassemia Syndromes. 4th ed. Oxford Magazine, Issue 52, March 2008. Blackwell Science Ltd, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL: 2001.
[4]. Michael R, Baun DE, Vichinsky E. Hemoglobinopathies‑Nelson Text Book of Pediatrics, 18th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders ,Elsevier; 2009.
[5]. Nadkarni A, Caraskar AC, Krishnamoorty R, Lu CY, Ghosh K, Colah R, et al. Molecular pathogenesis and clinical variability of β thalassemia syndrome among Indians. Am J Hematol 2001;68:75‑80.

Abstract: Aims: The aims of the study were to assess the etiology and pattern of distribution of traumatic injuries to the teeth of 4 to 6 year old children reporting to tertiary dental setting, Kottayam and to compare the prevalence of these injuries between boys and girls. Methods: Study group was selected from the patients reporting with a history of acute dental trauma and in the age group of 4-6 years. A detailed history of all the patients who were willing to take part in the study was taken, followed by a thorough extra and intra oral examination by trained examiner using a mouth mirror and dental probe. Intra-examiner consistency was assessed by kappa values.......

Keywords: Dental Trauma, Injury, Prevalence, Primary Teeth.

[1]. De Sousa A. Psychological issues in acquired facial trauma. Indian J Plast Surg. 2010;43(2):200.
[2]. Glendor ULF. Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries: a 12 year review of the literature. Dental Traumatology. 2008; 24: 603-611.
[3]. Casamassimo Caldas AF Jr, Burgos ME (2001) A retrospective study of traumatic dental injuries in a Brazilian dental trauma clinic. Dent Traumatol 17: 250-253.
[4]. Véliz, A.; Catalán, B.; Rioseco, C.; Jerez, P.; Latapiat, A.; Matamoros, D. & Corral, C. Retrospective study of traumatic dental injuries of patients treated at a dental trauma clinic in Santiago, Chile. Int. J. Odontostomat. 2017; 11(4):405-410.
[5]. Kumarswamy SV, Madan N, Keerthi R, Singh DS. Pediatric injuries in maxillofacial trauma: a 5 year study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2009;8(2):150–153.

Abstract: Malaria is a protozoal disease caused by infection with parasites of the genus Plasmodium to man by certain species of infected female Anopheline mosquito. In 2017 , there were 9.5 million cases in India. Haematological abnormalities have been observed in patients with malaria, anaemia and thrombocytopenia being the most common.we conducted study to find out the frequency and degree of thrombocytopenia in patients with malaria in tertiary care hospital.In our study ,210 patients with malaria positive were investigated for platelet count.RESULTS: In our study 115 patients , 65 (56.51%) were positive for plasmodium vivax, 45(39.13%) were positive for plasmodium.........

Keywords: Malaria ,plasmodium falciparum , plasmodium vivax,thrombocytopenia.

[1]. Geneva Switzerland :WHO Pree;2009 .WHO. World Malaria Report [Google scholor] New delhi:DGHS ,Ministry of Health and Family welfare ;2009 .Government of India .Strategic Action Plan for Malaria Control in India 2007 -2012 .[Google scholor ]
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Abstract: Introduction: Hydatidiform mole is a spectrum of gestational trophoblastic disease resulting from abnormal gametogenesis and fertilization. It is a benign neoplasm of the chorion with malignant potential. The frequency of hydatidiform molein different countries varies and depends on multiple factors. The diagnosis and follow-up is based on ultrasound and serial β-hCG estimation in serum. Objective: To find out the incidence of hydatidiform mole and evaluate the outcome of the disease following treatment. Materials and methods: A cohort study was conducted for a year and a half, among patients with hydatidiform mole. Before and after........

Keywords: Hydatidiform mole, β-hCG.

[1]. Al-Mulhim AA. Hydatidiform mole: a study of 90 cases. J Family Community Med 2000;7(3):57-61.

[2]. Zhang HY, Wu W, Zhu J. Unilateral hydronephrosis caused by invasive mole: a case report. Int J ClinExp Med 2013;6(10):1010-4. [3]. Agrawal N, Sagtani RA, Budhathoki SS, Pokharel HP. Clinico-epidemiological profile of molar pregnancies in tertiary care centre of Eastern Nepal: a retrospective review of medical records. GynecolOncol Res Pract 2015;2(1):1-7.
[4]. Dineshkumar, Singh YA, Singh LS, Singh LR, Liyak P, Vaz A. A study of molar pregnancy at tertiary centre of India. IOSR-JDMS 2016;15(9):49-52.
[5]. Teoh ES, Dawood MY, Ratnam SS. Epidemiology of hydatidiform mole in Singapore. Am J ObstetGynecol 1971;110(3):415-20..

Abstract: A macular hole (MH) is a retinal breaks, which commonly involve the foveal area of almost central part of retina, mainlyaffecting the people over the age of 55 and mostly female predominance. The most common etiology is idiopathic; other causes are vitreous traction, trauma, diabetic eye disease and patients with high degree of myopia. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an important tool to diagnosed a macular hole as well as treatment follow up. Total 27 patients who were observed as a case of macular hole (both old and new), were included in this..........

Keywords: Amsler grid, Fluorescence angiography, Macular hole, Maddox rod, OCT, Vitreous traction.

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.[5]. Yanagiya N, Akiba J, Takahashi M, et al. Clinical characteristics of traumatic macular hole. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1996;40:544–547..

Abstract: Oral malodor is one of the major concern of patients today as it brings marked psychological discomfort and may interfere with social interactions. Although it usually originates from oral cavity, there are multiple other systemic causes that have to be addressed for its diagnosis. Correct diagnosis of the cause of the malodor and its precise treatment can render the patient satisfaction. There are newer development in faster and more efficient detection of levels of malodor, and wide array of treatment options are available in the market. It is utmost requirement for the dentist to have a sound understanding of this prevalent oral condition and provide effective intervention program. This article reviews the various causes and diagnosis option which will help in treatment of this multifactorial condition.

KeyWord: Halitosis, periodontal disease, Oral Malodor, volatile sulphur compounds.

[1]. Bosy A, Kulkarni GV, Rosenberg M, McCulloch C:Relationship of oral malodor to periodontitis : evidence of independence in discrete subpopulations. Journal of Periodontology,1994;65(1):37-46.
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[4]. Pedrazzi V, Sato S, Mattos M, Lara E, Panzeri H. Tongue cleaning methods: A comparative clinical trial employing a toothbrush and a tongue scraper. J Periodontol. 2004;75(issue): 1009-1012.
[5]. Tessier JF, Kulkarni GV: Bad Breath:etiology,diagnosis and treatment. Oral Health,1991;8(10):19-22.

Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli have the highest rate of foodborne-related clinical Campylobacteriosis. In this study twenty-five Campylobacter (C) isolates identified by PCR comprising of 18 C. jejuni and7 C. coli were tested for physiological factors such as adhesion potential, bile tolerance, bacteriocin tolerance and ability to synthesise proteolytic enzymes on solid medium. These were determined by standard methods. Campylobacter adhered mostly to wood (0.82 nm), followed by plastic (0.5 nm), metal(0.4 nm) and glass (0.2 nm). Campylobater coli adhered to the surfaces more than C. jejuni. Campylobacter isolates survived at different concentrations........

Keywords: Campylobacter species, adherence, bacteriocin, bile, proteolytic enzymes.

[1]. Kaakoush, N. O., Castaño-Rodríguez, N., Mitchell, H. M., and Man, S. M. (2015). Global epidemiology of Campylobacter infection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 28, 687–720. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00006-15
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Abstract: Introduction: The ideal management of a fracture accomplishes a solidly united fracture in the perfect alignment, restored length and freely mobile joint by normal musculature all with in a shortest possible time.Several aspects in the management of malleolar fractures pose technical problems to the surgeon. The present clinical study of internal fixation of bi-malleolar fractures using malleolar screws, K-wires, one – third tubular plates is done to assess results. Materials and methods : The study was carried-out inthe department of the orthopaedics, SVRR Government General Hospital, Tirupati.......

Key Word – Bimalleolar fractures, Lauge – Hansen's classification.

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[3]. Denham , R.A. : Internal fixation for unstable ankle fractures. J Boneand Joint Surg[Br] 1964; 46-B(2) :206-211.

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Abstract: Renal angiomyolipomas are benign hamartomas composed of blood vessels, smooth muscle, and fatty tissue.AML is seen in two distinct clinical forms, a sporadic form and in association with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC).The sporadic form accounts for approximately 80% to 90% of cases of AML.Masses less than 4 cm in diameter are usually asymptomatic, but those larger than 4 cm often cause flank pain, hematuria, and anaemia and carry a significant risk of intratumoral or perinephric haemorrhage. We herein present a case of renal AML in a 60year old female patient, who presented with left sided abdominal pain since last 6 months. Following abdominal.........

Keywords -Renal Angiomyolipoma, Renal Vein, IVC.

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Abstract: Plantar fasciitis is defined as localized inflammation and degeneration of the plantar aponeuroses. Heel pain is the most common reason for presentation. Approximately 10% of the population will experience heel pain in their life Today, there is no effective nonsurgical treatment option for plantar fasciitis, The use of corticosteroids is particularly troubling as several studies have linked plantar fascia rupture to repeated local injections of a corticosteroid .Studies in the literature have reported the use of PRP in plantar fasciitis and chronic tendinopathy.

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Abstract: Mandibular angle fractures are the most common mandibular fracture in developed countries, accounting for 30% of all mandibular fractures1. The posterior position and biomechanics of the angle has made the treatment of fractures in this region difficult. There is a lot of controversy regarding the angle fracture. In spite of all controversies ORIF by intraoral exposure of fracture site and semi rigid fixation by 2.0 mm miniplate at upper border give good result for patient early recovery and maintenance of normal life.

[1]. What Method for Management of Unilateral Mandibular Angle Fractures Has the Lowest Rate of Postoperative Complications? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Essam Ahmed Al-Moraissi, BDS, MSc, PhD,*and Edward Ellis III, DDS, MS. ! 2014 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons 0278-2391/14/00576-X$36.00/0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2014.05.023
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Abstract: With regenerative dentistry becoming the new trend, tissue engineering has undergone significant advancement .development of periodontal ligament attachment around implants is now being taken into consideration to replace the lost teeth with functional stability by embarking the formation of periodontal ligament and cementum formation . hence , periodontal ligament houses various cells that are all important in improving the biological performance and to prolong the life of the prosthesis.

Keywords: implant, periodontal ligament, regeneration, bioengineering.

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Abstract: Soft tissue defect of the lower leg has been a difficult proposition since its inception because of proximity of skin to the bone and tendon , shortage of local tissue and poor local circulation. Perforator based flaps are based on local perforators and this has been well taken for repair of soft tissue defects of lower leg. This prospective study on 15 patients was conducted in Dept. of Surgery in NetajiSubhash Chandra Bose Subharti Medical College, Meerut. There were 13 males and 2 females in the study. The patients age varied between 15-55 years, Flap selection was done according to site, size, shape of the defect and status of the surrounding tissue. After proper..........

Keywords: Perforator based flap, Reconstruction , Soft tissue defect, lower leg.

[1]. Schaverien MV, Hamilton SA, Fairburn N, Rao P, Quaba AA. Lower limb reconstruction using the islanded posterior tibial artery perforator flap. PlastReconstr Surg. 2010 Jun;125(6):1735-43. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181ccdc08.
[2]. Lu TC, Lin CH, Lin CH, Lin YT, Chen RF, Wei FC. Versatility of the pedicledperoneal artery perforator flaps for soft-tissue coverage of the lower leg and foot defects. J PlastReconstrAesthet Surg. 2011 Mar;64(3):386-93. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.05.004. Epub 2010 Jun 9.
[3]. Chang SM, Wang X, Huang YG, Zhu XZ, Tao YL, Zhang YQ. Distally based perforator propeller sural flap for foot and ankle reconstruction: a modified flap dissection technique. Ann Plast Surg. 2014 Mar;72(3):340-5. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e31826108f1.
[4]. Kerfant N, Monnerie C, Henry AS, Ta P, Hu W, Letissier H, Le Nen D. Posterior tibial perforator-based flaps for leg and foot defects: Indications, limitations, and technical considerations. OrthopTraumatolSurg Res. 2018 Dec;104(8):1227-1230. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.06.018. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
[5]. Parrett BM1, Winograd JM, Lin SJ, Borud LJ, Taghinia A, Lee BT. The posterior tibial artery perforator flap: an alternative to free-flap closure in the comorbid patient. J ReconstrMicrosurg. 2009 Feb;25(2):105-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1090616. Epub 2008 Oct 15...

Abstract: Introduction-Hypertension is one of the most common diseasesworldwide afflicting humans;and is also one of the leadingcauses of death and disability among adults. In addition, it remains the major risk factor for coronary,cerebral and peripheral vascular disease. Primaryhypertension comprises more than 90% of all cases of hypertension.Differences have been noted between normotensive and hypertensive individuals as regards salt intake,serum electrolytes and the renal excretion of sodium and water.Disturbed calcium metabolism has alsobeen postulated to play an important role in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Aim &objectives:-The aim of this study.........

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