iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2020

Abstract: Objective: To determine the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on salivary active metalloproteinase-8(aMMP-8) levels of pregnant women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Method: This was an interventional study involving 128 consecutive pregnant antenatal clinic attendees using Gingival index (GI) and the Periodontal Inflamed Surface area (PISA) for gingival and periodontal assessments on or before week 15 gestational age. Patients were grouped into a test and control group based on GI and PISA scores and salivary samples collected. The test group received repeated pre-delivery scaling/polishing and/or root planing sessions with oral hygiene motivation until resolution of inflammation. The control group, however, only received oral hygiene motivation. Both groups received post-delivery scaling and polishing..........

Keywords: aMMP-8, non-surgical intervention, periodontal diseases.

[1]. Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS and Johnson NW. Periodontal diseases. The lancet 2005;366 (9499):1809-20.
[2]. Stamm J. Epidemiology of gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol 1986; 13(5): 360-66.
[3]. Herr AE, Hatch AV, Throckmorton DJ, et al. Microfluidic immunoassay as rapid saliva based clinical diagnostics. Nat Acad Sci.2007; 104(13):5268-73.
[4]. Taba MJ, Kinney JS, Kim AS and Giannobile WV. Diagnostic biomarkers for oral and periodontal disease. Dent. Clin. N Am.2005; 49(3):551-57.
[5]. Giannobile WV, Beikler T, Kinney JS, Ramseir CA, Morelli T, et al. Saliva as a diagnostic tool for periodontal disease: current state and future direction. Periodontol 2000. 2009; 50(1):52-64.

Abstract: Background Lobular capillary hemangioma [formerly, pyogenic granuloma] is an extremely common lesion treated by periodontists in a periodontal surgical clinic and notorious for recurrence. Methods We undertook a clinicopathologic review of the entity in order to report patterns and compare with the literature. Results Just as reported in the literature, most of the cases were found in females and poor oral hygiene was a prominent consistent finding. Parakeratinization was common but site predilection could not be be confirmed. Conclusion: Most of our findings corroborate the existing literature but there was no male preponderance among children. While hormonal influences remain plausible, our findings corroborate the long-held belief that poor oral hygiene plays a prominent role.

Key Words: Lobular capillary hemangioma, pyogenic granuloma, review

[1]. Patrice SJ, Wiss K, Mulliken JB. Pyogenic granuloma [lobular capillary hemangioma]: a clinicopathologic study of 178 cases. Pediatric dermatology. 1991 ;8[4]:267-76.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1525-1470.1991.tb00931.x
[2]. Mills SE, Cooper PH, Fechner RE. Lobular capillary hemangioma: the underlying lesion of pyogenic granuloma. A study of 73 cases from the oral and nasal mucous membranes. The American journal of surgical pathology. 1980 ;4[5]:470-9.https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/7435775
[3]. Shafer WGJC. A text book of oral pathology. 1983:699-702.
[4]. Patil K, Mahima VG, Lahari K. Extragingival pyogenic granuloma. Indian journal of dental research. 2006 ;17[4]:199.
[5]. Rachappa MM, Triveni MN. Capillary hemangioma or pyogenic granuloma: A diagnostic dilemma. Contemporary clinical dentistry. 2010 ;1[2]:119.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc3220083/

Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was first reported in the modern medical literature by Stein and Leventhal who, in 1935, described seven women suffering from amenorrhea, hirsutism, and enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts.1 PCOS is a heterogeneous pathological condition characterized by reproductive disorders and frequently associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.2-4 PCOS is the most common female endocrinopathy, and its frequency is about 6-8% in the reproductive period.2 The clinical presentation of PCOS varies widely. Women with PCOS often seek care for menstrual disturbances, clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism, and infertility. Menstrual disturbances commonly observed in PCOS include oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, and prolonged erratic menstrual bleeding.5 However, 30% of women with PCOS will have

[1]. Stein IF, Leventhal ML. Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. American Journal Obstetrics Gynecology. 1935;29:181-8.
[2]. Azziz R, Woods KS, Reyna R, Key TJ, Knochenhauer ES, Yildiz BO. The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in an unselected population.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2004;89:2745-9.
[3]. Norman RJ, Davies MJ, Lord J, Moran LJ. The role of lifestyle modification in polycystic ovary syndrome. Trends in Endocrinology Metabolism. 2002;13:251-7.
[4]. Homburg R. Polycystic ovary syndrome - from gynecological curiosity to multisystem endocrinopathy. Human Reproduction. 1996;11:29-39.
[5]. Farquhar C. Introduction and history of polycystic ovary syndrome. Cambridge University Press. 2007;4–24.

Abstract: The psychological impact of losing an eye is grave and the prosthetic rehabilitation of such a patient boosts their self-esteemand establishes a sense of normalcy. This clinical report describes the rehabilitation of the left eye using custom modified stock eye shell to produce esthetically pleasing results.

Keywords: custom made prosthesis, ocular prosthesis, indirect impression, irreversible hydrocolloids, conformers.

[1]. Jethwani, J., Jethwani, G., &Verma, A. (2011). Functional Impression Technique for an Ocular Prosthesis. The Journal Of Indian Prosthodontic Society, 12(1), 55-58. doi: 10.1007/s13191-011-0099-0
[2]. Da Breo. Surgical and prosthetic considerations in the management of orbital tumors. J Prosthet Dent 1992;67:106-12.
[3]. Ow RK, Amrith S. Ocular prosthetics: Use of a tissue conditioner material to modify a stock ocular prosthesis. J Prosthet Dent 1997;78:218-22.
[4]. Gunaseelaraj R, Karthikeyan S, Kumar MN, Balamurugan T, Jagadeeshwaran AR. Custom-made ocular prosthesis. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2012;4:177-9.
[5]. Doshi PJ, Aruna B. Prosthetic Management of patient with ocular defect. J IndProsthodontSoc 2005; 5: 37–38

Abstract: Computed tomography is a rapid, readily available and non-invasive modern imaging technique that is used in detecting brain pathologies among children with neurological disorders, although its used has been limited in children due to high radiation effect. However management of children with neurological condition can be quite challenging and often associated with disability

Keywords: Computed tomography,children, neurological disorders,Abuja.

[1]. A. I. Frank-Briggs and E. A. D Alikor.Pattern of Paediatric Neurological Disorders in Port Harcourt, Nigeria Int J Biomed Sci. 2011;7:145–149. [2]. United Nations Scientific Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. UNSCEAR 2000 Report to the General Assembly. Vol.1. New York, 2000 [3]. Donnelly LF. Reducing radiation dose associated with paediatric CT by decreasing unnecessary examinations. Am J Roentgenol 2005;184:655-7 [4]. CA Ndubuisi, WC Mezue, SC Ohaegbulam, MC Chikani, M Ekuma, E Onyia.Neuroimaging findings in paediatric patients with seizure from an institution in Enugu. Niger J Clin Pract.2016;19:121-127 [5]. Islam MN, Rasul CN, Sarder AH, Hossain SA. Computed tomographic evaluation of paediatric brain in a teaching hospital. Bang Med J 2011;44:3-6.

Abstract: Objectives:To evaluate the delivery method for pregnant women with hypertensive disorders. Additionally, to determine the timing of the delivery in association with the manner of delivery to understand the termination of pregnancy with one of the leading causes of maternal death worldwide. Methods:In this retrospective study, we collected data from 290 patients with hypertensive disorders from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. The patients were divided intosix groups: 43 with gestational hypertension, 39 with preeclampsia, 170 with severe eclampsia, 2 with eclampsia, 18 with chronic hypertension, 28 with chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. P ≤0.5 was considered statistically significant.......

Keywords: hypertension, timing, mode,delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension.

[1]. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller A-B, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. The Lancet Global Health. 2014;2(6):e323-e33.
[2]. Rath W, Fischer T. The diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: new findings for antenatal and inpatient care. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2009;106(45):733-8.
[3]. van Oostwaard MF, Langenveld J, Schuit E, Papatsonis DNM, Brown MA, Byaruhanga RN, et al. Recurrence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: an individual patient data metaanalysis. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2015;212(5):624.e1-.e17.
[4]. Ukah UV, Hutcheon JA, Payne B, Haslam MD, Vatish M, Ansermino JM, et al. Placental Growth Factor as a Prognostic Tool in Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. 2017;70(6):1228-37.
[5]. Kintiraki E, Papakatsika S, Kotronis G, Goulis DG, Kotsis V. Pregnancy-Induced hypertension. Hormones (Athens, Greece). 2015;14(2):211-23.

Abstract: Objective: To find the application of Bio-Statistical methods used in the field of Public Health research. Methods: Sampling methods used for data collection, graphical technique used for data presentation and Bio-Statistical methods used for data analysis in the International journal of Public Health of the WHO, is reviewed from the year 2010 to the year 2015. Findings: For data collection multistage stratified cluster sampling method is used by 13.79% and for presentation bar diagram with 95% confidence interval and trend line are the common procedure adopted. Multiple regression analysis technique is used by 50.57% of the researchers. It is found that 37.93% of the researcher used 95% confidence interval for their estimated value of mean, proportion or other estimates..........

[1]. Martha. A. Hellens, Mathew. J. GrkaGregony, Hayden, statistical literacy for readers of pediatrics, a moving target.
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[3]. Altman.D.G. Statistics in medical Journals some recent trends Stat Med 2000. 19; 3275-3289.

Abstract: Introduction: The literature findings suggest that the lower respiratory infections (LRIs), pneumonia, atypical pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), continue to threaten the health of children worldwide and especially in developing countries, where poor nutrition prevails and access to health care is scarce. Hence the current study was planned to evaluate the prevalence of the pneumonia in children and assess the level of serum sodium in affected children. Aim of the study:To assess the Serum sodium levels in children in pneumonia and the scenario of pneumonia in children in Bangladesh......

Keywords: Pneumonia, Sodium level, Hyponatremia.

[1]. Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, Murdoch DR (April 2011). "Viral pneumonia".Lancet. 377 (9773): 1264–75. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61459-6. PMID 21435708.
[2]. Weiss AJ, Wier LM, Stocks C, Blanchard J. Overview of Emergency Department Visits in the United States, 2011. HCUP Statistical Brief #174. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.Archived from the original on, 2014.
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[4]. 1hann F, Germer S. Hyponatraemia associated with pneumonia or bacterial meningitis. Arch Dis Child.1985; 60:963-6.
[5]. Nair V, Niederman MS, Masani F, Fishbane S. Hyponatremia in community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Nephrol.2007; 27:184-190.

Abstract: Thyroidectomy is the one of the most common endocrine surgical procedure being carried out throughout the globe. General anaesthesia (GA) is commonly used for thyroid surgery. Bilateral cervical plexus block (BCPB) is adequate to produce anaesthesia for procedures on anterolateral aspect of neck.Objective:The present study is To evaluate the effect of bilateral superficial cervical plexus block with conscious sedation over conventional general anaesthesia for thyroid surgery.Methodology:This study was carried out for one year during the period from January 2018 to December 2018, six months of which was the data collection period. The study was conducted department of Anaesthesia, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. A total of sixty (60) patients admitted for thyroidectomy on the basis.....

Keywords: Cervical Plexus Block,Conscious Sedation,General Anaesthesia, Thyroid Surgery.

[1]. Rogers-Stevane, J. and Kauffman Jr, G.L., 2008. A historical perspective on surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 41(6), pp.1059-1067.
[2]. Agarwal, G. and Aggarwal, V., 2008. Is total thyroidectomy the surgical procedure of choice for benign multinodular goiter? An evidence-based review. World journal of surgery, 32(7), p.1313.[3]. Dionigi, G., Dionigi, R., Bartalena, L., Tanda, M.L., Piantanida, E., Castano, P., Annoni, M., Boni, L., Rovera, F., Bacuzzi, A. and Vanoli, P., 2007.Current indications for thyroidectomy. Minerva chirurgica, 62(5), pp.359-372.
[4]. Santosh, U., Prashanth, K.B., Mohammed, S.J., Pereira, N.J., Gupta, S., Sumanth, K.R. and Triveni, K.M., 2015. Thyroidectomy Under Regional Anaesthesia: An Orl Perspective. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, 9(10).
[5]. Shukla VK, Narayan S, Chauhan VS, Singh DK. Thyroid surgery under local anaesthesia: an alternative to general anaesthesia. Indian J Surg 2005;67:316-9.

Abstract: Stress is studied with special interest in alcohol dependence. It is known to affect the prognosis of this disorder. Till date mutual relationships between stress and alcohol have been investigated less with alcohol dependence syndrome and there is hardly any record from North East India. Methods— Using Perceived Stress Scale, levels of stress among 60 alcohol-dependent in-patients selected through convenience sampling techniques were measured after the period of detoxification (on 2nd week of admission). Analysis was done to examine association of stress and alcohol as well as relationships of stress with other socio-demographic and alcohol-related variables. Results— A significant associations between level of stress and severity of alcohol dependence. Individuals with higher PSS scores were more severely dependent. Stress and......

Keywords: Perceived Stress Scale(PSS), Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire(SADQ)

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