iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-7 ~ JuLy 2020

Abstract: Background: The introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy have profoundly changed the way for the management of patients with gall bladder diseases. Since then, efforts have been made to reduce various adverse effects of pneumoperitoneum without compromising the efficacy, feasibility and safety of the operation. Many studies have shown that using a low-pressure pneumoperitoneum decreases the cardiac changes, shoulder tip pain, intensity of pain and the analgesic requirement. This study proposes to compare the use of low pressure versus standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and methods: This.....

Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, low pressure pneumoperitoneum, standard pressure pneumoperitoneum.

[1]. Patel SC, Bhatt JR. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy at the Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi. East African Medical Journal 2000;77(4):194-8.
[2]. Tan M, Xu FF, Peng JS, Li DM, Chen LH, Bao-Jun LV. Changes in the level of liver enzymes after laparoscopic surgery. World J Gastroenterology 2003;9(2):364-7.
[3]. Paolucci V, Schaeff B, Cutt CN, Litynski GS. Exposure of the operative field in laparoscopic surgery. Surg Endosc 1997;11: 856-63.
[4]. Akbar M, Khan IA, Naveed D, Khattak 1, Zafar A, Wazir MS. Comparison of closed and open methods of pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Ayub Medical College Abbotabad 2008;20(2).

Abstract: The aetiology of cough during the neonatal period has primarily been an indication of a respiratory infection or pathology. What is not common is to consider pertussis as a differential considering neonates cannot and will not whoop after the cough paroxysm. However, with increasing incidence of pertussis, and the decline in strength of maternal antibodies against pertussis, cases of neonatal pertussis are no coming to light. While a neonate does not have the intrathoracic volume to whoop, they would characteristically go apneic following a coughing paroxysm. This case report details a case of neonatal pertussis managed at the Special Care Baby Unit of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory......

Key Words:Pertussis, cocooning, maternal dTAP immunization, macrolides

[1]. Qiushui H. Evolution of Bordetella pertussis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2016;35(8):915–7.
[2]. Skoff TH, Kenyon C, Cocoros N, Liko J, Miller L. Sources of Infant Pertussis Infection in the United States. Pediatrics. 2015;136(4): 1-9
[3]. Bisgard KM, Pascual FB, Ehresmann KR, Miller CA, Cianfrini C, Jennings CE et al.. Infant pertussis:who was the source?. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23(11):985–9.
[4]. Agrawal A, Singh S, Kolhapure S, Kandeil W, Pai R, Singhal T. Neonatal Pertussis , an Under-Recognized Health Burden and Rationale for Maternal Immunization : A Systematic Review of South and South-East Asian Countries. Infect Dis Ther [Internet]. 2019;8(2):139–53. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-019-0245-2

Abstract: According to the Dry Eye Work Shop (DEWS) definition, dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance and tears film instability, with potential damage to the ocular surface. It is accompanied by increased osmolarity of the tear film and inflammation of the ocular surface. 1 Confirmation of the presence of inflammatory dry eye is helpful for initiation of appropriate therapy. Anti-inflammatory therapy has been reported to improve signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease and therefore is a more targeted and effective therapeutic option.2,3Often patients receive treatment only with artificial tears without consideration of the cause of the symptoms or the potential effectiveness of other treatments.Increased MMP-9 expression....

[1]. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the definition and classification subcommittee of the international dry eye work-shop 2007. Ocul Surf. 2007; 5(2):75–92.
[2]. de Oliveira RC, Wilson SE.Practical guidance for the use of cyclosporine ophthalmic solutions in the management of dry eye disease.Clin Ophthalmol. 2019 ;13:1115-1122.
[3]. McMonnies CW. Dry eye disease immune responses and topical therapy.Eye Vis (Lond). 2019;6:12.
[4]. Park JY, Kim BG, Kim JS, Hwang JH. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Point-of-Care Immunoassay Result Predicts Response to Topical Cyclosporine Treatment in Dry Eye Disease.Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2018 ;7(5):31.
[5]. Syed Ali Raza Rizvi, Vinod Rana, Sheelu, Shafiq Siddiqi, Veena Maheshwari, Yogesh Gupta. Dry eye evaluation in thyroid associated orbitopathy. International Journal of Ocular oncology and oculoplasty. 2016;2(2):90-94

Abstract: Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital malformation of gastrointestinal tract. It is due to incomplete obliteration of the vitelline duct during the 5 week of the gestation .it usually remains silent and asymptomatic but it can cause complications in the form of ulceration, haemorrhage, intussusception, intestinal obstruction, perforation and, very rarely, vesicodiverticular fistulae and tumours. These complications, especially bleeding, are more common in the paediatric age group than in adults; however it is not uncommon to miss the diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum in adults. Here, we reviewed the literature regarding the complications of this forgotten clinical entity in adults with potential diagnostic difficulties and management strategies..

Keyword: Meckel's diverticulum, Perforation, Congenital abnormality,Acute abdomen Gastric & Pancreatic heterotopia.

[1]. Stone PA, Hofeldt MJ, Lohan JA, Kessel JW, Flaherty SK. A rare case of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by Meckel's diverticulum in a 53-year-old man. W V Med J 2005;101: 64-6
[2]. Segal SD, Albrecht DS, Belland KM, Elster EA. Rare mesenteric location of Meckel's diverticulum, a forgotten entity: a case study aboard USS Kitty Hawk. Am Surg 2004;70: 985-8
[3]. Meckel JF. Uber die divertikel am darmkanal. Arch Physiol 1809; 9: 421-53
[4]. Cserni G. Gastric pathology in Meckel's diverticulum. Review of cases resected between 1965 and 1995. Am J ClinPathol 1996;106: 782-5.

Abstract: Any country to control pandemic It need to know about its population in regards to diseases , health-wise, births, deaths, age categorization, income and about the various kinds of diseases prevalent in the country both communicable and non-communicable. Through the use of ehealthcard mobile app technology a cross sectional, authenticated data of whole nation as well as all over globe can be produced in very short time and which can continually upgraded to know health trends in all people of nations and world compared to any sampled study. Also it will highly reduce the cost as well as time consuming of surveys and help build healthier nations and a healthy world. Knowing the health profile of each and every human existing in the world in a sustainable track manner is the start point from where the world agencies can do its best to promote global health and avoid health crisis.

Keywords: ehealthcard, mobile app, pandemic preparedness, health Methods : Google search engine, Pubmed, WHO articles

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[2]. AbouZahr C, Boerma T. Health information systems: the foundations of public health. Bull World Health Organ. 2005 Aug;83(8):578–83. pmid: 16184276
[3]. Boerma JT, Stansfield SK. Health statistics now: are we making the right investments? Lancet. 2007 Mar 3;369(9563):779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60364-X pmid: 17336655
[4]. Stansfield SK, Walsh J, Prata N, Evans T. Information to improve decision making for health. In: Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G, Claeson M, Evans DB, et al., editors. Disease control priorities in developing countries. Washington: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and The World Bank; 2006.
[5]. C. F. Citro, M. E. Martin and M. L. Straf. NRC (National Research Council). 2009. Principles and practices for a federal statistical agency: Fourth editionWashington, DC: The National Academics Press.vol.12 page 121-126

Abstract: Introduction: Self-directed learning (SDL) is most essential and has been identified as an important skill for medical graduates to meet the challenges in today's healthcare environment. Medical students need to acquire a number of learning skills such as confidence, autonomy, motivation and preparation for lifelong learning. Aim: The aim of the study was to measure the readiness for SDL of students among 6th semester medical students in Guntur medical college. Objectives: To assess the self-directed learning readiness among 6th semester undergraduate medical students of Guntur Medical College Guntur using SDLR instrument. 2. To find out the association between readiness......

[1]. Maurice Gibbons. The Self-Directed learning Handbook: Challenging Adolescent Students to Excel.1st ed. Jossey-Bass 2002.
[2]. Wiley K. Effects of a self-directed learning project and preference for structure on self-directed learning readiness. Nurs Res. 1983;32:181-5.
[3]. Jacobs JL, Samarasekera DD, Shen L, Rajendran K, Hooi SC. Encouraging an environment to nurture lifelong learning: an Asian experience. Med Teach. 2014;36(2):164–8.
[4]. Fisher M, King J. The self-directed learning readiness scale for nursing education revisited: A confirmatory factor analysis. Nurse Educ Today. 2010;30:44-8.
[5]. Madhavi KVP, Madhavi BD. Readiness for self-directed learning among undergraduate medical students of Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam. Int J Community Med Public Health 2017;4

Abstract: Background:The eruption time of permanent teeth is influenced by many factors, one of which is suspected to be nutrition. Nutritional status including deficiency or malnutrition is usually determined by using body mass index (BMI) which can affect the time and sequence of eruption of permanent teeth. Research's aim:The aim of this study was to describe the BMI and the permanent teeth eruption among elementary school children of age 6 to 8 years old from 5 elementary schools in Bandung City. Method:This research was a cross-sectional survey.......

Key words: tooth eruption; body mass index (BMI)

[1]. Manuhutu R, Purnamasari DU, Dardjito E. The effect of energy, protein, fat consumption rate and worm infectional status to the sdn 01 Limpakuwus student's nutritional status. JurnalKesmas Indonesia. 2017; 9(1): 46-55
[2]. Lailasari D, Zenab Y, Herawati E, Wahyuni IS. Correlation between permanent teeth eruption and nutrition status of 6-7-years-old children. Padjadjaran J Dent. 2018; 30(2): 116-123.
[3]. Sheetal A, Hiremath VK, Patil AG, Sajjansetty S, Kumar SR. Malnutrition and Its Oral Outcome– A Review. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013; 7(1): 178-80.
[4]. Heinrich-Weltzien R, Zorn C, Monse B, Kromeyer-Hauschild. Relationship between Malnutrition and The Number of Permanent Teeth in Filipino 10 to 13 Years Olds. BioMed Res Int. 2013; 2013: 1-8.
[5]. Kutesa A, Nkamba EM, Muzawi L. Buwembo W, Rwenyonyi CM. Weight, height and eruption time of permanent teeth of children aged 4 -15 years in Kampala, Uganda. BMC Oral Health. 2013; 13:15 is assessed in http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6831/13/15.

Abstract: Background: Hypertensive intracranial (IC) bleed is a condition associated with high mortality and morbidity, the strongest risk factor of which being uncontrolled hypertension. Most of the patients with a history of unmonitored blood pressure or drug default present to ED in a moribund state with intracranial bleed and usually succumb to their illness. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of undetected and poorly monitored hypertension in patients presenting with hypertensive intracranial bleed. Methods: This is retrospective study in which we collected data of all patients admitted in Department of General Medicine, Government Medical......

Keywords: Undetected hypertension; poorly monitored hypertension; IC bleed

[1]. Jameson JL. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. McGraw-Hill Education,; 2018.
[2]. Williams BR, Mancia G, Spiering W, Rosei EA, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Kardiologia Polska (Polish Heart Journal). 2019;77(2):71-159.
[3]. Forouzanfar MH, Liu P, Roth GA, Ng M, Biryukov S, Marczak L, Alexander L, Estep K, Abate KH, Akinyemiju TF, Ali R. Global burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015. Jama. 2017 Jan 10;317(2):165-82.
[4]. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE, Collins KJ, Himmelfarb CD, DePalma SM, Gidding S, Jamerson KA, Jones DW, MacLaughlin EJ. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2018 May 7;71(19):e127-248.
[5]. Antikainen R, Grodzicki T, Palmer AJ, Beevers DG, Coles EC, Webster J, Bulpitt CJ. The determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy defined by Sokolow–Lyon criteria in untreated hypertensive patients. Journal of human hypertension. 2003 Mar;17(3):159-64.

Abstract: A Prosthodontist's role is not limited to removable, fixed or implant supported dentures. The treatment of sleep Apnoea with the use of oral appliances has been underutilized and traditionally, they have been provided mainly in a hospital setup. This article reviews the available options for the treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders with an emphasis on oral appliance therapy and a case report of a patient suffering from sleep apnoea..

Key word: Prosthodontist, Sleep Apnoea, Oral appliance therapy.

[1]. Greene CS, Laskin DM. Treatment of TMD's: Bridging the gap between advances in research And clinical patient management.Ch.5.Quintessence publishing Co:New delhi;2013.p.57-60
[2]. Tsara V. Definition and classification of sleep related breathing disorders in adults. Hippokratia. 2009 13(3): 187–191.
[3]. Barabde AS. Principles of prosthodontic management of sleep Apnea syndrome. Heal talk 2015:7(3);16-9
[4]. Battagel JM, Johal A, Kotecha BT (2005) Sleep nasendoscopy as a predictor of treatment success in snorers using mandibular advancement splints. J Laryngol Otol 119:106–112
[5]. Ng AT, Qian J, Cistulli PA (2006) Oropharyngeal collapse predicts treatment response with oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 29:666–671

Abstract: Background: Nitrous oxide-oxygen ( N2O-O2 ) sedation prior to local anaesthesia for dental treatment is highly accepted behaviour modification technique for anxious paediatric patients. This study aimed to compare the effects of 2% lignocaine and 4% articaine in patients under N2O-O2 sedation. Materials and Methods: Total 36 patients requiring mandibular molar extractions were selected. They were divided into two groups: Group A - 2% lignocaine with adrenaline 1:80,000 and Group B - 4% articaine with adrenaline 1:100,000. Ellis scoring system was....

Key word: Local Anaesthetic; Nitrous Oxide; Paediatric Dentistry.

[1]. Takkar D, Rao A, Shenoy R, Rao A, Saranya BS. Evaluation of nitrous oxide inhalation sedation during inferior alveolar block administration in children aged 7-10 years: a randomized control trial. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2015; 33: 239-44.
[2]. Emmanouil DE, Quock RM. Advances in understanding the actions of nitrous oxide. Anesth Prog 2007; 54: 9-18.
[3]. Silva-Junior GP, Almeida Souza LM, Groppo FC. Comparison of articaine and lidocaine for buccal infiltration after inferior alveolar nerve block for intraoperative pain control during impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Anesth Prog. 2017; 64: 80-4.
[4]. Çalış AS, Çagıran E, Efeoğlu C, Koca H. Lidocaine Versus Mepivacaine in Sedated Pediatric Dental Patients: Randomized, Prospective Clinical Study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014; 39: 74-8.
[5]. Malamed SF, Gagnon S, Leblanc D. A comparison between articaine HCL and lidocaine HCL in pediatric dental patients. Am Acad Ped Dent 2000; 22: 307-11.