iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-7 ~ JuLy 2020

Abstract: Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), represented mainly by cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes, currently pose a serious threat to human health and development. These four diseases are the leading causes of death in the world. In Algeria, chronic non-communicable diseases are a major public health problem. In fact, from the 1990s, Algeria experienced an epidemiological transition which resulted in an increasingly heavy burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on the national health system. Materials and Methods: The prevention and control system put in place by the Ministry of Health (MSPRH) is part of the comprehensive and integrated.....

Key Word: non-communicable diseases; Public health; Prevention; Algeria

[1]. Stratégie mondiale de l'OMS pour la lutte contre les maladies non transmissibles, OMS, 2000
[2]. Convention-cadre de l'OMS de la lute antitabac, 2003
[3]. Stratégie mondiale pour l'alimentation, l'exercice physique et la santé, 2004
[4]. Résolution WHA60.23 sur la lute contre les maladies non transmissibles: mise en oeuvre de la stratégie mondiale
[5]. Rapport de l'OMS sur l'épidémie mondiale du tabagisme, 2008

Abstract: Background : Skin – the organ of human body with maximum surface area has accounted for number of lesions, broadly studied under the category of "Dermatosis". With the increasing incidence there is a need for improvement and detection of all these dermatosis in an early stage so that the treatment can more effective with minimum morbidity. At times histopathological features are not sufficient to determine the nature of dermatosis due to sampling bias and discomfort to patients during biopsy procedure. Early diagnosis becomes important to have clinico-cytological and cytohistological correlation. Histopathological findings of Tzanck Smear are very helpful in early diagnosis. Since the technique is economical and causes no discomfort to patients, we have selected this study to evaluate the effectiveness of Tzanck Smear in various dermatosis. Materials & Method: The present.....

Key words: Immunobullous disorders, Genodermatosis, Leishman's Stain, Biopsy, Acantholysis

[1]. Gupta Lalit Kumar, Singh MK : Tzanck Smear – A useful Diagnostic Tool : Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol : Vol. 71, Issue 4, Page 295 – 299 : 2005
[2]. Sharma R. et al : Cytomorphologic study of Vesicobullous lesions of Skin : Journal of Cytology, Vol. 22(4), Page 175 – 178 : 2005
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[4]. Rook : Histopathology Of Skin – General principles : "TextBook of Dermatology" 6th Edition, Vol. 1, 182 – 183, 194, 1999
[5]. Bandopadhyay Debabrata : Herpes Zoster : Dermatology Lecture Notes : Page 1 – 4

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To Study the effect of silver nitrate solution over conventional dressings in management of chronic lower limb ulcers. BACKGROUND :Chronic leg ulcers are a significant cause of morbidity indeveloping countries like India, leading to excessive health care expensesand loss of effective work hours. Various novel methods are available, like vacuum assisted closure, offloading technique nanosilver dressings etc, in order to facilitate earlier recovery with a varied response among the patients. In spite of availability of various novel modalities in the management, foot ulcers have become a major cause of morbidity and hence this study aims to compare the effectiveness of silver nitrate solution dressings and total conventional dressings in outcome of healing in chronic lower limb ulcers in order to standardize a procedure with maximum benefits. METHODS :A comparative Prospective.....

Key Word: Chronic lower limb ulcers, silver nitrate solution dressings, conventional dressings.

[1]. Saltmarche AE. Low level laser therapy for healing acute and chronicwounds the extendicare experience. Int Wound J. 2008 Jun;5(2):351-60.
[2]. Crovetti G, Martinelli G, Issi M, Barone M, Guizzardi M, Campanati Bet al. Platelet gel for healing cutaneous chronic wounds.TransfusApheresSci 2004 Apr; 30(2):145-151.
[3]. Armstrong DG, Lavery LA, Harkless LB. Validation of diabetic wound classification system. The contribution of depth, infection and ischemia to risk of amputation. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(5):855- 9.
[4]. Lansdown AB, Williams A. How safe is silver in wound care? JWound Care 2004; 13(4): 131-36.
[5]. Munteanu A, Florescu IP, Nitescu C. A modern method of treatment: The role of silver dressings in promoting healing and preventing pathological scarring in patients with burn wounds. J Med Life. 2016; 9(3):306-15.

Abstract: Résumé: La rétinochoroïdite est la cause la plus fréquente d'uvéite postérieure dans le monde. Les néo-vaisseaux choroïdiens compliquant une cicatrice de rétinochoroiditetoxoplasmiquesont rares,néanmoins ilsconstituent une cause récurrente de baisse de l'acuité visuelle chez le sujet jeune.La physiopathogénie est liée à l'augmentation de l'expression des facteurs angiogéniques et à la rupture de la membrane de Bruch,surtout s'il y a persistance d'un bas grade d'inflammation endoculaire chronique.Nous rapportons l'observation clinique d'une jeune patiente, immunocompétente, présentant une cicatrice de rétinochoroïditetoxoplasmique unilatérale compliquée de néo-vaisseaux choroidiens. Mots clés: toxoplasmose oculaire, rétinochoroïdite, néo-vaisseaux choroïdiens.

Keywords: oculartoxoplasmosis, retinochoriditis, choroidalneo-vessels.

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[2]. C. Fardeau, Uvéites postérieures et vascularites rétiniennes. EMC - Ophtalmologie Volume 9 > n◦2 > avril 2012 ; 21-230-B-10.
[3]. Montoya JG, Liesenfeld O ;Toxoplasmosis. The Lancet. 2004, 363:1965-1976. 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16412-X.
[4]. Smith JR, Franc DT, Carter NS, Zamora D, Planck SR, Rosenbaum JT ;Susceptibility of retinalvascularendothelium to infection withToxoplasmagondiitachyzoites. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004, 45:1157-1161. 10.1167/iovs.03-1105.
[5]. AleixoALQdC, Curi ALL, Benchimol EI, AmendoeiraMRR:Toxoplasmicretinochoroiditis: clinicalcharacteristics and visualoutcome in a prospective study. PLoSNegl Trop Dis. 2016, 10:e0004685. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004685
[6]. Smit RL, Baarsma GS, de Vries J. Classification of 750 consecutiveuveitis patients in the Rotterdam eyehospital. Int Ophthalmol1993 ; 17 : 71-76

Abstract: Background: Diverticular disease (DD) is traditionally reported to be rare among Africans with typical high fibre diet. There is increasing westernization of diet and availability of modern diagnostic facilities including colonoscopy in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to reporta recentpresentation pattern of DD at lower gastrointestinal endoscopy in a Nigerian metropolis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy at a referral endoscopy facility in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.....

Keywords: Diverticular disease; Colon; Colonoscopy

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Abstract: Antenatal case report of a 28 year old woman with obstetric score of G3P2L2A0D0 referred for routine obstetrical sonogram showing a single live intrauterine fetus of 25 weeks 0 days with features of Alobar Holoprosencephaly with Cyclopia and Proboscis. The incidence of holoprosencephaly is about 1 in 10,000 to 20,000 births. Alobar holoprosencephaly with Proboscis and a single midline eye (Cyclops) as in this case is a rare finding. The pregnancy was terminated and the gross specimen of the fetus confirmed all the external findings seen on imaging and the mother was counselled regarding the case and regarding the minimal risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies

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Abstract: Background Wounds and their management are fundamental in the practice of surgery. Superoxidised solution is a new concept in wound management, and it is an electrochemically processed aqueous solution with neutral pH. Very few studies conducted to compare the efficacy of superoxidised solution and povidone-iodine. Hence, this study is conducted as wounds are a great burden on the Healthcare system. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of Superoxidised solution versus povidone-iodine in the management of nondiabetic wounds and to observe a decrease in wound size, the appearance of granulation tissue wound disinfection, and duration of hospital stay in both groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective study of patients with nondiabetic wounds randomized into two groups; Group A with Superoxidised solution.....

Keywords: non diabetic wound,superoxidised solution

[1]. Suresh DH, Suryanarayan S, Sarvajnamurthy S, Puvvadi S. Treatment of a Non-Healing Diabetic Foot Ulcer With Platelet-Rich Plasma. J CutanAesthet Surg. 2014;7(4):229–31.
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Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) continues to reshape the globe. Approximately 210 countries and territories worldwide have been affected by the COVID-19 disease. Pharmaceutical industries across the world are extremely engaged in developing treatments and vaccines for the highly contagious coronavirus that has killed over 377,584 people worldwide, infected more than 6.3 million and ravaged economies globally. No specific antiviral drug has been proven effective for treatment of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although most infections are self-limited, about 15% of infected adults develop severe pneumonia that requires treatment with supplemental oxygen and an additional 5% progress to critical illness with hypoxaemic...

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[2]. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; 395: 1054–62.
[3]. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res 2020; 30: 2–71. 7
[4]. Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Cell Discov 2020; 6: 16
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Abstract: INTRODUCTION: It is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder affecting bones, joints, ligaments. INCIDENCE:1/10000- No ethnic or gender prediliction; male:female=1:1 GENETICS: Mutation in fibrillin-1(FBN-1) gene on chromosome 15(15q21), 30%sporadic mutation. CLINICAL FEATURES:skeletal abnormalities: DOLICHOSTENOMELIA- the patient is tall, the lower segment is more than upper segment by atleast 5cm(long narrow limbs). the arm span is more than height of patient by atleast 5cm(arm span: height>1.05) ARACHNODACTYLY- Long thin fingers and toes

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Abstract: Background: Physical attractiveness is an important social issue in our culture and the face is one of its key features. Since aesthetic consideration is one of the foremost reasons for patients to consider orthodontic treatment, it becomes the job of orthodontist to properly evaluate and understand the factors influencing aesthetics of any individual. Thus the aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various sized buccal corridors on smile attractiveness perceived by male and female lay persons. Materials and Methods: One male and one female smiling photograph were taken and digitally altered to produce various sized buccal corridors i.e narrow, medium and broad. The images were then presented to the panel of 40 patients (20 males, 20 females) who were undergoing orthodontic treatment or were willing to get the orthodontic treatment done. They were instructed to choose the smile which they preferred out of the three images as an attractive smile.....

Keywords: Buccal corridors, smile esthetics, smile attractiveness

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Abstract: Oral carcinoma is one of the most prevalent cancers and one of the 10th most common causes of death across the world. It includes cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses, and pharynx, it can be life threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. This case report demonstrates a case series of oral squamous cell carcinoma induced because of deleterious habits and the diagnosis was confirmed by clinical, radiological and histopathological examination. It can be managed by surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combination of all these, but regardless of its treatment modality, the 5-year survival rate is poor at about 50%. So early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma reduces morbidity and mortality associated with it and improves prognosis, therefore the dentist should have precise knowledge regarding the clinical manifestation of this deadly disease.

Keywords: Neoplasia, Metastasis

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