iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2022

Abstract: The velopharynx is a dynamic anatomic structure which is essential for normal breathing, eating, and speaking. Impairment of velopharyngeal function can be caused by insufficiency or incompetency. Velopharyngeal (VP) insufficiency is an anatomic defect of the soft palate which renders the palatopharyngeal sphincter incomplete. This case report outlines the correction of velopharyngeal (VP) insufficiency with hypernasality of speech with the aid of speech bulb prosthesis. The prosthesis is a combination of cast partial denture with extension into the defect area with retentive component embedded in heat cure acrylic resin material to aid in retention. This improved the hypernasality, speech, comfort, retention, and overall patient acceptance.

Keywords: Velopharyngeal (VP) insufficiency, speech bulb prosthesis, hollow prosthesis, Cobalt-Chromium metal framework

[1]. knowles jc, chalian va, shanks jc. A functional speech impression used to fabricate a maxillary speech prosthesis for a partial glossectomy patient. J prosthet dent 1984;51:232-7
[2]. davis jw, lazarus c, logemann j, hurst ps. Effect of a maxillary glossectomy prosthesis on articulation and swallowing. The journal of prosthetic dentistry. 1987;57(6):715-9.
[3]. chambers ms, lemon jc, martin jw. Obturation of the partial soft palate defect. The journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2004;91(1):75-9.
[4]. shifman a, finkelstein y, nachmani a, ophir d. Speech-aid prostheses for neurogenic velopharyngeal incompetence. The journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2000;83(1):99-106.
[5]. Kahlon ss, kahlon m, gupta s, dhingra ps. The soft palate friendly speech bulb for velopharyngeal insufficiency. J clin diagn res 2016;10:Zd01-zd02.

Abstract: Adult patients with severe skeletal malocclusions require orthognathic surgeries. During the treatment the patients can suffer from varieties of anxiety and the stress level. To assess the impact of orthognathic surgery in terms of anxiety and stress levels in pre-treatment and post-treatment one case report with skeletal Class II malocclusion due to retrognathic mandible discussed in this article. The patient was treated by bilateral sagittal split osteotomy mandibular advancement. Treatment results showed good improvement in facial profile, Angle Class I molar and canine relation, good occlusion after surgery for case. Also patients showed good improvement in psychiatric scores of anxiety and depression..

Keywords: Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, mandibular advancement surgery, orthognathic surgery, skeletal Class II.

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[3]. Bailey LJ, Proffit WR. Combined surgical and orthodontic treatment. In: Proffit WR, Fields HW Jr., editors. Contemporary Orthodontics. 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1999. p. 674-709.
[4]. Villanueva JJ, Estrada HA, Carvallo JR, Garcia MG. Surgical-orthodontic treatment in a Class II malocclusion patient. Case report. Rev Mex Ortod 2016;4:e85-92.
[5]. Shelly AD, Southard TE, Southard KA, Casko JS, Jakobsen JR, Fridrich KL, et al. Evaluation of profile esthetic change with mandibular advancement surgery. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;117:630-7.

Abstract: Background: It is tedious job to protect eye and eye-lens in case of Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma (SGC) of eyelid tumour whether any technique of radiation delivery like IMRT, IGRT or Volumetric Modulated Arc (VMAT) is adopted. So, keeping this view on context the authors of this paper herewith suggest a new technique may be called as Quadrant Segmentation of target PTV ( dividing PTV in four quadrants) for achieving the goal of making safe eye and eye- lens in this type of cases. Materials and Methods: In the present study 10 patients aged 45 to 75 years with histopathologically confirmed SGC of eyelid were taken for radiation therapy. Prescribed dose to tumour was 60Gy and fractionation scheme chosen 2Gy daily for 5 fraction per week, up to 6 week......

Keywords: Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma;Basal cell carcinoma;Surgery;Chemotherapy;Radiation therapy

[1]. Joseph BW, A.K.,Sebaceous carcinoma: The great masquerader: Emgerging concepts in diagnosis and treatment. DermatolTher. 2008; 21: 459–66.
[2]. Ni C, KouPK,Meibomian gland carcinoma: A clinico-pathological study of 156 cases with long-period follow up of 100 cases. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1979; 23: 388–401.
[3]. Rao NA,Hidayat AA, Mclean IW, Zimmerman LE. Sebaceous carcinomas of the ocular adnexa: A clinico-pathological study of 104 cases, with five year follow up data. Human Pathol. 1982; 13: 113–22.
[4]. Shields JA, Demirci H, Marr BP, Eagle RC, Jr Shields CL. Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids: Personal experience with 60 cases. Ophthalmology. 2004; 111: 2151–7.
[5]. Zurcher M, Hinstchich CR, Garner A, Bunce C, Collin JR, Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid: A clinicopathological study. Br J Ophthalmolo. 1998; 82:1049–55.

Abstract: Background: Superiority of Rapid Arc treatment over any other treatment technique reported herewith outer ring structure irradiation of skull. Conventional, 3DCRT, IMRT, Rapid Arc(VMAT) and others new radiotherapy techniques are explored time by time but in case of Skull irradiation due to complex structure of Skull ring as a round shape, Conventional and 3DCRT techniques does not provide proper dose distribution as well as deposit more radiation dose to other parts of the brain. Hence, we have excluded conventional and 3D Conformal technique and explored the brain saving radiotherapy techniques in skull bone irradiation. In present study IMRT and Rapid Arc....

Keywords:Rapid Arc; Skull; Homogeneity Index; Conformity Index; Radiation Therapy.

[1] Hata M, Koike I, Omura M, Maegawa J, Ogino I, Inoue T, Noninvasive and curative radiation therapy for sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2012; 82:605–611.
[2] Able CM, Mills MD, McNeese MD, Hogstrom KR, Evaluation of a total scalp electron irradiation technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1991; 21: 1063–1072.
[3] Mellenberg DE, Schoeppel SL, Total scalp treatment of mycosis fungoides: the 4 x 4 technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1993; 27: 953–958.
[4] Akazawa C, Treatment of the scalp using photon and electron beams. Med Dosim, 1989; 14:129–131.
[5] Wojcicka JB, Lasher DE, McAfee SS, FortierGA, Dosimetric comparison of three different treatment techniques in extensive scalp lesion irradiation. Radiother Oncol, 2009; 91: 255–260.

Abstract: Purpose: to evaluate the fracture resistance of premolars restored with inlay restoration materials using Computer-Aided Design /Computer -Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Materia and Method: A total of thirty-two non-carious human maxillary premolar teeth were mounted in an acrylic block (2 mm below the cement-enamel junction). Twenty-four specimens received an operator prepared Class II MOD cavities without proximal boxes. The pulpal floor was prepared at......

Keywords: Fracture resistance, resin nano ceramic, hybrid ceramics, CAD/CAM, Inlays

[1]. Blatz MB, Conejo J. The Current State of Chairside Digital Dentistry and Materials. Dent Clin North Am. 2019;63:175-97.
[2]. Papadopoulos C, Dionysopoulos D, Tolidis K, Kouros P, Koliniotou-Koumpia E, Tsitrou EA. Structural Integrity Evaluation of Large MOD Restorations Fabricated With a Bulk-Fill and a CAD/CAM Resin Composite Material. Oper Dent. 2019;44:312-21.
[3]. Van den Breemer CRG, Özcan M, Cune MS, van der Giezen R, Kerdijk W, Gresnigt MMM. Effect of immediate dentine sealing on the fracture strength of lithium disilicate and multiphase resin composite inlay restorations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2017;72:102-9.
[4]. Awada A, Nathanson D. Mechanical properties of resin-ceramic CAD/CAM restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2015;114:587-93.
[5]. Nguyen JF, Migonney V, Ruse ND, Sadoun M. Properties of experimental urethane dimethacrylate-based dental resin composite blocks obtained via thermo-polymerization under high pressure. Dent Mater. 2013;29:535-41..

Abstract: Background: Peripheral nerves are structures that, when damaged, can result in significant motor and sensory disabilities. Several studies have used therapeutic resources with the aim of promoting early nerve regeneration. Aim of the study: evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy and platelet rich fibrin on nerve regeneration after compression. Material and Methods: 45 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups following right sciatic nerve compression, as follows: (1) control gp (gp I): The nerve was compressed without further treatment options, (2) Laser group (gp II): The nerve.....

Keywords: Laser therapy, low-level laser, Nerve regeneration, Platelet rich fibrin

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[3]. Martins RS, Siqueira MG, Da Silva CF, Plese JP. Overall assessment of regeneration in peripheral nerve lesion repair using fibrin glue, suture, or a combination of the 2 techniques in a rat model. Which is the ideal choice? Surg Neurol 2005; 64:10-6.
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Abstract: Background:- Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is a triangular space in the posterior cranial fossa that is bounded by the tentorium superiorly, brainstem posteromedially and petrous part of temporal bone posterolaterally.It is an important landmark for the cranial nerves V,VI,VII,VIII. The tumors in cerebellopontine angle present with myriad of non-specific symptoms, the most common of which are sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness and can also be associated with ocular manifestations. We discussed total of three cases of cerebellopontine angle tumor studied over a period of one year where we observed various ways of presentation. Objectives:- To explain the different ophthalmic manifestations of cerebellopontine angle tumor. Material and Methods:- A.....

Keywords: Cerebellopontine angle tumor,VestibularSchwannoma, ophthalmic manifestations, nystagmus, dizziness, hearing loss, tinnitus, facial nerve palsy, papilledema, optic atrophy.

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[5]. Springborg JB, Poulsgaard L, Thomsen J. Nonvestibularschwannoma tumors in the cerebellopontine angle: a structured approach and management guidelines. Skull Base. 2008 Jul;18(4):217-27. [PMC free article] [PubMed]

Abstract: This extremely contagious coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused a public health disaster in most of the world. Because of its unique nature and ambiguity, various sources of information and ideas have been produced to help people understand how it spreads and how to avoid infection. The population's understanding and attitudes concerning COVID-19 have been raised as a result of the active intervention initiatives. Gender is also a significant risk factor, with men nearly twice as likely as women to die from the coronavirus. Furthermore, disparities in mortality estimates for older age groups between nations imply that the risk of dying from coronavirus is linked to underlying health issues, health-care system capacity and whether the virus has spread among persons living....

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