iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2022

Abstract: Background: Forensic odontology plays an important role in the identification of human remains in mass disasters such as air crashes, and accidents. The study of palatal rugae patterns for human identification is called rugoscopy. Rugae pattern is used due to its stability and uniqueness and also in gender identification with regards to number and shape. Aims and Objectives: To measure, compare, and evaluate the various measurements of palatal rugae observed on dental casts and assess its usefulness as an aid in sex determination among the population of Rajasthan state. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done comprising a total sample size of 60 individuals classified into 2 groups comprising 30 males......

Keywords: Forensic odontology, Gender identification, Palatal rugae pattern, Rugoscopy, Sex dimorphism Dental casts.

[1]. Babu GS, Bharath TS, Kumar NG. Characteristics of palatal rugae patterns in West Godavari population of India. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7(10):2356-9.
[2]. Kamala R, Gupta N, Bansal A, Sinha A. Palatal rugae pattern as an aid for personal identification: A forensic study. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol. 2011;23:173–8.
[3]. Selvamani M, Hosallimath S, Basandi PS, Yamunadevi A. Dimensional and morphological analysis of various rugae patterns in Kerala (South India) sample population: A cross-sectional study. J Nat Sc Biol Med 2015; 6(2):306-9.
[4]. Paliwal A, Wanjari S, Parwani R. Palatal rugoscopy: Establishing identity. J Forensic Dent Sci 2010; 2(1):27-31.
[5]. Shanmugam S, Anuthama K, Shaikh H, Murali K, Suresan V, Nisharudeen K. Palatal rugae in population differentiation between South and North Indians: A discriminant function analysis. J Forensic Dent Sci 2012; 4(2):75-9..

Abstract: Background: Subarachnoid block is considered a safe regional anaesthesia technique. Hypotension remains most common intraoperative anesthetic complication following spinal anesthesia.. One of the foremost methods to prevent the above complication includes prophylactic administration of i/v fluids before implementation of subarachnoid block which is called as preloading. Another method is the administration of i/v fluid bolus immediately after subarachnoid block which is known as coloading. The current study attempt to compare the efficacy of crystalloids as preloading infusion to prevent hypotension, requirement of vasopressors and the requirement of total fluid given during surgery to maintain stable hemodynamics.

Keywords: Coloading, Preloading , Mephentermine

[1]. Parameshwara G. Spinal, epidural to combined spinal epidural analgesia. the history of central neuraxial block. Indian J Anaesth 2001; 45(6): 406.
[2]. Rout CC, Rocke DA, Levin J, Gouws E, Reddy D. A reevaluation of the role of crystalloid preload in the prevention of hypotension associated with spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean section. Anesthesiology 1993; 79: 262-269.
[3]. Jackson R, Reid JA, Thorburn J. Volume preloading is not essential to prevent spinal–induced hypotension at caesarean section. Br J Anaesth 1995; 75: 262-265.
[4]. Vercauteren MP, Hoffmann V, Coppejans HC et al. Hydroxyethyl starch compared with modified gelatin as volume preload before spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. Br J Anaesth 1996; 76: 731-733.
[5]. Gajraj NM, Victory RA, Pace NA et al. Comparison of ephedrine infusion with crystalloid administration for prevention of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia. Anesth Analg 1993; 76: 1023-26.

Abstract: Carcino sarcoma of uterus is an rare neoplasm of the uterus which will contain both epithelial and mesenchymal elements. It accounts for less than 5% of the uterine malignancies and is more common in the 7th decade of life. Despite its rare nature, when present it is more aggressive with poor prognosis in comparison with other uterine malignancies. we hereby, present a case of uterine carcino sarcoma in a 67year old post-menopausal women who presented with abdominal pain and postmenopausal bleeding. Considering the aggressive nature of this malignancy, early detection and intervention is mandatory for improving the patients survival rates.......

Keywords: carcino sarcoma, epithelial, mesenchymal, abdominal pain, post menopausal bleeding

[1]. Denschlag D, Ulrich UA: Uterine carcinosarcomas - diagnosis and management . Oncol Res Treat. 2018, 41:675-679.
[2]. Bansal N, Herzog TJ, Seshan VE, Schiff PB, Burke WM, Cohen CJ, Wright J: Uterine carcinosarcomas and grade 3 endometrioid cancers. Evidence for distinct tumor behavior. Obstet Gynecol. 2008, 112:64-70.
[3]. P. Ravishankar, D. A. Smith, S. Avril, E. Kikano, and N. H. Ramaiya, "Uterine carcinosarcoma: a primer for radiologists," Abdominal Radiology, vol. 44, no.8, 2019; 2874–2885.
[4]. Cantrell LA, Blank SV, Duska LR: Uterine carcinosarcoma: a review of the literature . Gynecol Oncol. 2015, 137:581-588.
[5]. Barwick KW and LiVolsi VA: Malignant mixed müllerian tumors of the uterus. A clinicopathologic assessment of 34 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 3: 1979; 125-135.

Abstract: Background: Microsatellite instability status (MSI) accounts for 12-15% of colorectal cancers. Detection of MSI has significant therapeutic and prognostic implications. Immunohistochemistry can be used as a first line screening test in the detection of tumours showing MSI. Materials and Methods: Ours was a descriptive study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, for a period of 18 months, including all resected specimens of CRC received in our department. A total of 104 consecutive cases were included in the study. Clinicopathological correlation and IHC for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 was done for all the cases and those satisfying Revised Bethesda Criteria were identified. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS statistics software. Results: Out of the 104 cases studied.....

Key word: Microsatellite instability, IHC, revised Bethesda criteria, dMMR

[1]. Rawla P, Sunkara T, Barsouk A. Epidemiology of colorectal cancer: incidence, mortality, survival, and risk factors. Przeglad Gastroenterol. 2019;14(2):89–103.
[2]. Joanna Gibson, Jill Lacy, Ellen Matloff, and Marie Robert. Microsatellite Instability Testing in Colorectal Carcinoma : A Practical Guide. Clin Gastroenterol 2014.
[3]. Hashmi AA, Ali R, Hussain ZF, Faridi N, Khan EY, Bakar SMA, et al. Mismatch repair deficiency screening in colorectal carcinoma by a four-antibody immunohistochemical panel in Pakistani population and its correlation with histopathological parameters. World J Surg Oncol. 2017 Jun 26;15(1):116.
[4]. Boland CR, Goel A. Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology. 2010 Jun;138(6):2073-2087.e3.
[5]. Yuan L, Chi Y, Chen W, Chen X, Wei P, Sheng W, et al. Immunohistochemistry and microsatellite instability analysis in molecular subtyping of colorectal carcinoma based on mismatch repair competency. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Nov 15;8(11):20988–1000..

Abstract: Introduction: The long-standing contraction of the lateral pterygoid muscle has been suggested to be one of the causes of temporomandibular joint disc displacement. So, a novel method is presented to use arthroscopic guided injection of Botox with maximal control and minimal hazards. Patients and methods: Randomized clinical study was carried out on twelve patients who had TMJ anterior disc displacement with reduction not responded to conservative treatment. Patients were divided randomly into two equal groups. First one was treated with arthroscopic guided lysis and lavage with Ringer's lactate solution. Second one was treated with arthroscopic guided injection of superior head of lateral pterygoid muscle with Botox. Then followed up clinically at interval of 1 week, 2 weeks, 1,2,3 and 6 months to evaluate: pain by visual analogue scale, maximal mouth opening, clicking and evaluated disc by imaging using magnetic resonance image after 3 months......

Keywords: Botox, lateral pterygoid muscle, temporomandibular joint.

[1]. Miloro M, Ghali GE, Larsen P, Waite P, Peterson LJ. Peterson's principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2nd ed. Hamilton, Ont.; London: BC Decker; 2004.
[2]. Dimitroulis G. The prevalence of osteoarthrosis in cases of advanced internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint: a clinical, surgical and histological study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005;34:345-9.
[3]. Gast P, Koopman WJ, Lazar N, Moreland LW, Somers D. Arthritis and allied conditions a textbook of rheumatology. 15th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
[4]. Lypka M, Yamashita DD. Exuberant foreign body giant cell reaction to a teflon/proplast temporomandibular joint implant: report of a case. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007;65:1680-4.
[5]. Al-Moraissi EA. Arthroscopy versus arthrocentesis in the management of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015;44:104-12..

Abstract: Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM)also known as female genital cutting (FGC) is defined by WorldHealth Organization as all procedure that involve partial or total removal of the external genital or other injury of the female genital organs for non-medical reason.The practice of female genital mutilation is one of most significant health and human right issue in the world. Presently, there are no studies that has comprehensively evaluated the awareness, perception and practice of women of reproductive age towards FGM in a local government area in Ondo State. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the awareness, perception and practice of female genital mutilation among women of reproductive age (15-49 years). Methods: A descriptive study was conducted.....

Keywords: Awareness; Perception; Practice; Female genital mutilation; Women of reproductive age

[1]. Adekanle, A.D., Isawumi, A., & Adeyemi, A. (2011). Health Workers' Knowledge of and
[2]. Experience with Female Genital Cutting in Southwestern, Nigeria. Sierra Leone Journal of
[3]. Biomedical Research 3(2). DOI:10.4314/sljbr. v3i2.71808.
[4]. Ahanonu, E.L., & Victor, O. (2014). Mothers' perceptions of female genital mutilation. Health Education Research; 29(4), 683-689. Retrieved 12 February, 2022 from
[5]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259698744_Mothers'_perceptions_of_female_genital_mutilation.

Abstract: Introduction: Propofol is an IV anaesthetic agent with hypnotic, sedative, and amenestic properties, which cause loss of consciousness reliably and rapidly. It is considered as first choice drug for day care surgeries due to short elimination half-life, high plasma clearance, and intrinsic anti emetic features Objective: To The effectiveness and evaluation the use of midazolam, ketamine and propofol as co-induction agents to propofol for general anesthesia. Methods: This randomized, controlled, prospective, double-blind, clinical trial study was carried out at the Dept. of Anesthesia, Sheikh Russel National Gastroliver institute and hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2021. Sixty......

Keywords: Co-induction, Ketamine, Propofol, Midazolam, Outcome

[1]. Keskin G, Akin M, SenayY, Saydam S, Özmert S, Kurt DK, Sever F. Evaluation of 865 children who underwent magnetic resonance imaging under propofol-midazolam sedation. Medeniye Medical J. 2017;32(3):141-6
[2]. Cressey DM, Claydon P, Bhaskaran NC, Reilly CS: Effect of midazolam pretreatment on induction dose requirement of propofol in combination with fentanyl in younger and older adults. Anaesthesia 2001; 56: 108-13.
[3]. Anderson L, Robb H. A comparison of midazolam co-induction with propofol predosing for induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1998; 53: 117-20
[4]. Sebel PS, Lowdon JD (1989) Propofol: a new intravenous anesthetic. Anesthesiology 71: 260-277.
[5]. Win NN, Kohase H, Yoshikawa F, Wakita R, Takahashi M, et al. (2007) Haemodynamic changes and heart rate variability during midazolam-propofol co-induction. Anaesthesia 62: 561-568..

Abstract: Background: Menstruation is a physiological shredding of endometrium associated with uterine bleeding that occurs at monthly interval from menarche to menopause1. Menstruation is a natural and beneficial monthly occurrence in healthy adolescent girls and pre-menopausal adult women. Globally, women and girls have developed their own personal strategies to cope with menstruation. unhygienic menstrual habits contribute to huge burden of non sexually transmitted RTIs, which can be introduced either by use of absorbent material used for absorbing blood or by moist conditions......

Keywords: menstruation,menstrual hygiene ,RTI.

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Abstract: Case Report: A 18 years old male with no significant past medical history, prior trauma, any neurologic/psychiatric disorders developed heterotopic ossification of bilateral hip joints in recovery period after COVID 19 infection. Conclusion: Potential complications after COVID 19 infection are varied and myriad and many more complications are not known to us as it is a naïve virus. Although rare: but heterotopic ossification as a complication after COVID 19 infection is also known. Clinicians should always be alert about development of heterotopic ossification in any patient after COVID 19 infection who complains of pain, local warmth and stiffness of joints..

Keywords: Heterotopic ossification, COVID 19, Hip joint, Indomethacin, Myositis ossificans, Radiotherapy

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