iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2024

Abstract: Instrument separation is one of the most common undesirable mishaps encountered by endodontists during root canal treatment. The separated instruments hamper endodontic therapy by blocking access to the apical third, inhibiting the proper chemomechanical preparation of the root canals and jeopardizing the prognosis of endodontic therapy. Hence, such fragments should be properly retrieved or an attempt should be made to bypass it. The purpose of this article was to describe, through clinical cases, the technique of retrieval of separated instruments, under dental operating microscope using ultrasonics.

Keywords: Dental operating microscope, instrument retrieval, magnification, separated instrument, ultrasonics.

[1] Yahia S, Mabrouk R, Ghabri J, Oueslati A, Frih N. Conservative Approach For Management Of Separated Endodontic Instruments: Case Reports. Eas J Dent And Oral Med. 2022;4:36-40.
[2] Hülsmann M, Schinkel I. Influence Of Several Factors On The Success Or Failure Of Removal Of Fractured Instruments From The Root Canal. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1999;15(6):252-8.
[3] Lakshmaiah D, Raj Kumar J, Sakthi N, Karunakaran J, Vishwanath S. The Management Of Fractured Dental Instruments: A Case Series. Cureus. 2023;15(11):E49132.
[4] Rambabu T. Management Of Fractured Endodontic Instruments In Root Canal: A Review. J Sci Dent. 2014;4:40-8.
[5] Spili P, Parashos P, Messer Hh. The Impact Of Instrument Fracture On Outcome Of Endodontic Treatment. J Endod. 2005;31(12):845-50

Abstract: Through a literature review, we present the technique of cryolipolysis with a mobile gauntlet as a treatment for lipedema. Since lipedema is a chronic disease with a high incidence that affects body aesthetics and self-esteem, it needs treatment in order to avoid emotional illnesses. Lipedema is a disease that occurs in adipose tissues through primary lipotrophy characterized by abnormal fat deposition, mainly in the buttocks and legs bilaterally. The mobile gauntlet technique associated with beta adrenergic stimuli promotes the biogenesis of mitochondrial crests, acting on beige adipose......

Keyword: cryoliolysis, adipose tissue, lipedema

[1] Amato Acm, Amato Fcm, Amato Jls, Benitti Da. Prevalência E Fatores De Risco Para Lipedema No Brasil. J Vasc Bras. 2022;21:E20210198.Https://Doi.Org/10.1590/1677-5449.202101981
[2] Kruppa P, Georgiou I, Biermann N, Prantl L, Klein-Weigel P, Ghods M. Lipedema-Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, And Treatment Options. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2020;117(22-23):396-403. Pmid:32762835.
[3] Ishaq M, Bandara N, Morgan S, Nowell C, Mehdi Am, Lyu R, Mccarthy D, Anderson D, Creek Dj, Achen Mg, Shayan R, Karnezis T. Key Signaling Networks Are Dysregulated In Patients With The Adipose Tissue Disorder, Lipedema. Int J Obes (Lond). 2022 Mar;46(3):502-514. Doi: 10.1038/S41366-021-01002-1. Epub 2021 Nov 11. Pmid: 34764426; Pmcid: Pmc8873020.
[4] Vyas A, Adnan G. Lipedema. 2023 Jan 30. In: Statpearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (Fl): Statpearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. Pmid: 34424639.
[5] Wold Le, Hines Ea Jr, Allen Ev. Lipedema Of The Legs; A Syndrome Characterized By Fat Legs And Edema. Ann Intern Med. 1951;34(5):1243-50. Pmid: 14830102; Doi: 10.7326/0003-4819- 34-5-1243.

Abstract: Background: Cardiac autonomic imbalance in children with CP might be due to primary brain insult, vary with different levels of Gross Motor Functional Classification System or may alter with multimodal therapies in various types of cerebral palsy (1,2). It is important to understand and to create awareness that autonomic impairment in children with CP is in part due to sedentary lifestyle (3).HRV(Heart Rate Variability) in cerebral palsy is recognized as an important tool for monitoring cardiovascular health, in which autonomic imbalance is characterized......

Keyword: Cerebral palsy, Heart rate variability, autonomic instability, spasticity, GMFCS levels

[1] Bhasin Tk, Brocksen S, Avchen Rn, Van Naarden Braun K. Prevalence Of Four Developmental Disabilities Among Children Aged 8 Years--Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program, 1996 And 2000. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Surveill Summ Wash Dc 2002. 2006 Jan 27;55(1):1–9.
[2] Paneth N, Hong T, Korzeniewski S. The Descriptive Epidemiology Of Cerebral Palsy. Clin Perinatol. 2006 Jun;33(2):251–67.
[3] Stavsky M, Mor O, Mastrolia Sa, Greenbaum S, Than Ng, Erez O. Cerebral Palsy-Trends In Epidemiology And Recent Development In Prenatal Mechanisms Of Disease, Treatment, And Prevention. Front Pediatr. 2017;5:21.
[4] Kliegman Rm, Behrman Re, Jenson Hb, Stanton Bmd. Nelson Textbook Of Pediatrics E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2007. 3200 P.
[5] Singhi Pd, Ray M, Suri G. Clinical Spectrum Of Cerebral Palsy In North India--An Analysis Of 1,000 Cases. J Trop Pediatr. 2002 Jun;48(3):162–6..

Abstract: Background Global warming is one of the biggest issues we face in our day-to-day life. As an anaesthetist it our responsibility to know our contribution to this global issue and how to keep it in control. Anaesthetic agents also contribute to this issue of environmental pollution according to the recent literature. As anaesthetists we need to be aware of this effect and try to reduce the harmful effects by using alternative methods .The recent epidemic of COVID 19 has increased the production of hospital wastage by billions of tons, so we all should be aware of the consequence and should.....

Key Word: Anaesthetists, Awareness, Global Warming, questionnaire

[1]. White SM, Shelton CL, Gelb AW, Lawson C, Mcgain F, Muret J, Sherman JD; Representing The World Federation Of Societies Of Anaesthesiologists Global Working Group On Environmental Sustainability In Anaesthesia. Principles Of Environmentally-Sustainable Anaesthesia: A Global Consensus Statement From The World Federation Of Societies Of Anaesthesiologists. Anaesthesia. 2022 Feb;77(2):201-212.
[2]. Zaw MWW, Leong KM, Xin X, Lin S, Ho C, Lie SA. The Perceptions And Adoption Of Environmentally Sustainable Practices Among Anesthesiologists-A Qualitative Study. Can J Anaesth. 2023 Mar;70(3):313-326.
[3]. Mcgain F, Muret J, Lawson C, Sherman JD. Effects Of The COVID-19 Pandemic On Environmental Sustainability In Anaesthesia. Response To Br J Anaesth 2021;126:E118-E119. Br J Anaesth. 2021 Mar;126(3):E119-E122.
[4]. Mcgain F, Muret J, Lawson C, Sherman JD. Environmental Sustainability In Anaesthesia And Critical Care. Br J Anaesth. 2020 Nov;125(5):680-692.
[5]. Sherman JD, Raibley LA 4th, Eckelman MJ. Life Cycle Assessment And Costing Methods For Device Procurement: Comparing Reusable And Single-Use Disposable Laryngoscopes. Anesth Analg. 2018 Aug;127(2):434-443..

Abstract: This case series explores various pulp capping methods, focusing on direct and indirect approaches using tricalcium silicate-based cement. The goal is to maintain pulp vitality while promoting reparative dentin formation. The efficacy of MTA over traditional calcium hydroxide is discussed, emphasizing its superior properties in terms of biocompatibility, sealing ability, and dentin bridge formation. Proper diagnosis, isolation, and follow-up are crucial for successful pulp capping. Clinicians should weigh the benefits of MTA when preserving pulp health.

Keyword: Biocompatibility, Calcium silicate cement, Dentin, Reparative dentin, Vital pulp therapy

[1] Llena C, Hernández M, Melo M, Sanz Jl, Forner L. Follow‐Up Of Patients Subjected To Direct And Indirect Pulp Capping Of Young Permanent Teeth. A Retrospective Study. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021 Aug;7(4):429-35.
[2] Cushley S, Duncan Hf, Lappin Mj, Chua P, Elamin Ad, Clarke M, El‐Karim Ia. Efficacy Of Direct Pulp Capping For Management Of Cariously Exposed Pulps In Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review And Meta‐Analysis. Int Endod J. 2021 Apr;54(4):556-71.
[3] Alex G. Direct And Indirect Pulp Capping: A Brief History, Material Innovations, And Clinical Case Report. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2018 Mar;39(3):182-9.
[4] Mathur Vp, Dhillon Jk, Logani A, Kalra G. Evaluation Of Indirect Pulp Capping Using Three Different Materials: A Randomized Control Trial Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Indian J Dent Res. 2016 Nov 1;27(6):623-9.
[5] Chandani R, Mishra P, Nikhil V. Current Key To Clinical Success In Pulp Capping: A Review. Ip Indian J Conserv Endod. 2023;8:123-7..

Abstract: Les métastases cutanées peuvent révéler ou être concomitantes au diagnostic de la maladie néoplasique primitive. Elles sont rarement inaugurales du cancer broncho-pulmonaire. Les auteurs rapportent un nouveau cas de masses pariétales révélatrices d'un adénocarcinome broncho-pulmonaire......

[1] Hussein MR. Skin Metastasis: A Pathologist's Perspective. J Cutan Pathol. 2010;37(9):E1–E20. Doi:10.1111/J.1600-0560.2009.01469.X
[2] Ambrogi V, Nofroni I, Tonini G, Mineo TC. Skin Metastasis In Lung Cancer: Analysis Of A 10-Year Experience. Oncol Rep. 2001;8:57–61.
[3] D'Aniello, C., Brandi, C., & Grimaldi, L. (2001). Cutaneous Metastasis From Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Case Report. Scandinavian Journal Of Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery And Hand Surgery, 35(1), 103-105.
[4] Tamura T, Kurishima K, Nakazawa K, Et Al. Specific Organ Metastases And Survival In Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Clin Oncol. 2015;3(1):217–221.
[5] Krathen RA, Orengo IF, Rosen T. Cutaneous Metastasis: A Meta-Analysis Of Data. South Med J 2003;96:164-7..

Abstract: 32 year old male laborer by profession caught with seizure , in-spite of taking multiple medication in different health care the symptom didn't subside. Ultimately, he landed to emergency where he started on multiple medication for seizure as the symptom was refractory and later diagnosed with New Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE).......

[1] Tharmaraja T, Ho Jsy, Neligan A, Rajakulendran S. The Etiology And Mortality Of New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (Norse) In Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Epilepsia [Internet]. 2023 [Cited 2024 Oct 11];64:1113–24. Available From: Https://Onlinelibrary.Wiley.Com/Doi/Abs/10.1111/Epi.17523
[2] Alvarez V, Drislane Fw. Is Favorable Outcome Possible After Prolonged Refractory Status Epilepticus? J Clin Neurophysiol [Internet]. 2016 [Cited 2024 Oct 11];33:32. Available From: Https://Journals.Lww.Com/Clinicalneurophys/Fulltext/2016/02000
[3] Thakur Kt, Probasco Jc, Hocker Se, Roehl K, Henry B, Kossoff Eh, Et Al. Ketogenic Diet For Adults In Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus. Neurology [Internet]. 2014 [Cited 2024 Oct 11];82:665–70. Available From: Https://Www.Neurology.Org/Doi/Abs/10.1212/Wnl.0000000000000151
[4] Matthews E, Alkhachroum A, Massad N, Letchinger R, Doyle K, Claassen J, Et Al. New-Onset Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus. Neurology [Internet]. 2020 [Cited 2024 Oct 11];95:E2280–5. Available From: Https://Www.Neurology.Org/Doi/Abs/10.1212/Wnl.0000000000010787

Abstract: Background: The pre-analytical phase in laboratory diagnostics remains a significant source of errors, directly impacting patient care. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and types of pre-analytical errors at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A total of 5345 samples were evaluated over two months. Errors were categorized into types, and their distribution across various departments was assessed. Results: The overall error rate......

Keyword: Pre-analytical errors, Laboratory diagnostics, Mismatched vials, Hemolysed samples, Tertiary care hospital.

[1] Plebani M. The Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Laboratory Medicine. Ann Clin Biochem. 2010 Mar;47(Pt 2):101-10.
[2] Lippi G, Simundic AM, Mattiuzzi C. Overview On Patient Safety In Healthcare And Laboratory Diagnostics. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2010;20(2):131-43.
[3] Hawkins RC. Laboratory Turnaround Time. Clin Biochem Rev. 2007 May;28(4):179-94.
[4] Carraro P, Plebani M. Errors In A Stat Laboratory: Types And Frequencies 10 Years Later. Clin Chem. 2007 Jul;53(7):1338-42.
[5] Green SF. The Cost Of Poor Blood Specimen Quality And Errors In Pre-Analytical Processes. Clin Biochem. 2013;46(13-14):1175-9..

Abstract: Background: Perfusion index is an assessment of the pulsatile strength at a specific monitoring site and as such PI is an indirect and non-invasive measure of peripheral perfusion. The changes in sympathetic tone affect smooth muscle tone and can alter the perfusion, but are not affected by saturation and HR variability.so this study was conducted to assess the perfusion index and its effectiveness on requirement of rescue analgesia.
Materials and Methods: A Prospective observational study was conducted among 30 who were undergoing major abdominal surgeries at R.L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Tamaka, Kolar. Sampling Method was Convenient sampling......

Keyword: Pulse oximetry, Perfusion index, Rescue analgesia, Prognosis

[1] Goldman Jm, Petterson Mt, Kopotic Rj, Barker Sj. Masimo Signal Extraction Pulse Oximetry. Journal Of Clinical Monitoring And Computing. 2000;16:475-483.
[2] Gruenewald M, Dempfle A. Analgesia/Nociception Monitoring For Opioid Guidance:Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials. Minerva Anestesiol. 2017;83:200–13.
[3] Sriganesh K, Theerth Ka, Reddy M, Chakrabarti D, Rao Gsu. Analgesia Nociception Index And Systemic Haemodynamics During Anaesthetic Induction And Tracheal Intubation:A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomised Controlled Trial. Indian J Anaesth. 2019;63:100–5.
[4] Hager H, Reddy D, Kurz A. Perfusion Index:A Valuable Tool To Assess Changes In Peripheral Perfusion Caused By Sevoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2003;99:A593.
[5] Mohamed Sa, Mohamed Nn, Rashwan D. Pulse Co-Oximetry Perfusion Index As A Tool For Acute Postoperative Pain Assessment And Its Correlation To Visual Analogue Pain Score. Res Opin Anesth Intensive Care. 2015;2:62–7.

Abstract: Background: To evaluate different anatomical sites in buccal shelf region at different levels (4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm) from cemento-enamel junction for mini screw insertion in skeletal class II and class III patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods: The sample consists of cone beam computed tomography images of 48 subjects (24 skeletal class II and 24 skeletal class III) were evaluated. Mandibular buccal shelf area was evaluated at the regions (i) mesial to lower.....

Key Word: Temporary anchorage devices, mandibular buccal shelf region, CBCT

[1]. Baxi S, Bhatia V, Tripathi A, Prasad Dubey M, Kumar P, Mapare S. Temporary Anchorage Devices. Cureus. 2023 Sep 1;15(9):E44514.
[2]. Liu H, Wu X, Tan J, Et Al. Safe Regions Of Miniscrew Implantation For Distalization Of Mandibular Dentition With Cbct. Prog Orthod. 2019;20(1):45.
[3]. Kim Hj, Yu Sk, Lee Mh, Lee Hj, Kim Hj, Chung Ch. Cortical And Cancellous Bone Thickness On The Anterior Region Of Alveolar Bone In Korean: A Study Of Dentate Human Cadavers. J Adv Prosthodont. 2012 Aug;4(3):146-52.
[4]. Park Jh, Heo S, Tai K, Kojima Y, Kook Ya, Chae Jm. Biomechanical Considerations For Total Distalization Of The Mandibular Dentition In The Treatment Of Class Iii Malocclusion. Semin Orthod. 2020;26(3):123-135.
[5]. Escobar-Correa N, Ramírez-Bustamante Ma, Sánchez-Uribe La, Upegui-Zea Jc, Vergara-Villarreal P, Ramírez-Ossa Dm. Evaluation Of Mandibular Buccal Shelf Characteristics In The Colombian Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study. Korean J Orthod. 2021 Jan 25;51(1):23-31.

Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is a vaccine preventable disease, it remains a public health issue, with the disease's highest burden seen in developing countries such as Nigeria, where it is the second most frequent gynecological cancer and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is caused by HPV infection, which is a vaccine preventable sexually transmitted infection with high incidence among the younger population. This study assessed knowledge, attitude and Uptake of HPV Vaccination among adolescents in Bauchi Local Government Area of Bauchi State.......

Keyword: Knowledge, attitude, vaccine uptake, HPV, Bauchi

[1] Bonanni P, Bechini A, Donato R, Capei R, Sacco C, Levi M, Et Al. Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination: Impact And Recommendations Across The World. Therapeutic Advances In Vaccines. 2015 (1):3–12.
[2] Onowhakpor Ao, Omuemu Vo, Osagie Ol, Odili Cg. Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination: Knowledge, Attitude And Uptake Among Female Medical And Dental Students In A Tertiary Institution In Benin-City, Nigeria. Journal Of Community Medicine And Primary Health Care. 2016;28(2):101–8.
[3] Rabiu I, Yahuza Z. Knowledge And Attitude Towards Human Papilloma Virus Infection, Vaccines, And Cervical Cancer Prevention Among School Students In Kano, Nigeria. Muniraju M, Editor. Advances In Virology. 2023 2023:1–10.
[4] Ezechi O, Akinsolu F, Salako A, Abodunrin O, Adewole I, Olagunju M, Et Al. High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Nigerian Women: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. J Int Med Res. 2023 (7):03000605231182884.
[5] Yang A, Farmer E, Wu Tc, Hung Cf. Perspectives For Therapeutic Hpv Vaccine Development. J Biomed Sci. 2016 (1):75.

Abstract: Background: Greater adaptability of Candida to the host niche makes it the most common opportunistic pathogen. Its role as a commensal or pathogen in development of premalignancies and its progression to malignancies is of considerable debate. Present study was undertaken to determine the role of Candida albicans(CA) in progression of oral cancer by isolation and identification by mycological methods in smokers without oral lesions and histopathologically diagnosed cases of epithelial dysplasia (ED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC......

Keyword: Candida albicans; saliva; smoking; squamous cell carcinoma; tobacco

[1] Sanjaya Pr, Gokul S, Gururaj Patil B, Raju R.Candida In Oral Pre- Cancer And Oral Cancer. Med Hypotheses 2011;77(6):1125-8.
[2] Sankari Sl, Gayathri K, Balachander N, Malathi L. Candida In Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2015;7(1):162-4.
[3] Mohd Bakri M, Mohd Hussaini H, Rachel Holmes A, David Cannon R, Mary Rich A. Revisiting The Association Between Candidal Infection And Carcinoma, Particularly Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Oral Microbiol2010;21(2):1-6.[4] Meurman Jh, Siikala E, Richardson M, Rautemaa R. Non-Candida Albicans Candida Yeasts In The Oral Cavity. Méndez-Vilas A. Ed. Communicating Current Research And Educational Topics And Trends In Applied Microbiology. Formatex Microbiology. Badajoz 2007;1(2):719-31.
[5] Lynch Dp.Oral Candidiasis. History, Classification, And Clinical Presentation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1994;78(2):189-93..

Abstract: Background: Hemorrhoids are a common anorectal condition that often requires surgical intervention for third-degree cases when conservative treatments fail. Although stapled haemorrhoidopexy and conventional excisional hemorrhoidectomy are widely used, uncertainty remains about which technique is superior. This study compares the short- and long-term outcomes of these procedures, focusing on recovery time, pain, and complications to clarify the optimal surgical approach......

Keyword: stapled haemorrhoidopexy, excisional hemorrhoidectomy, postoperative pain, recurrence, recovery

[1] Peery A F, Sandler R S, Galanko J A, Bresalier R S, Figueiredo J C, Ahnen D J, Barry E L and Baron J A 2015 Risk Factors for Hemorrhoids on Screening Colonoscopy PLOS ONE 10 e0139100
[2] Sun Z and Migaly J 2016 Review of Hemorrhoid Disease: Presentation and Management Clin. Colon Rectal Surg. 29 22–9
[3] Cristea C and Lewis C R 2024 Hemorrhoidectomy StatPearls (Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing)
[4] Lohsiriwat V 2012 Hemorrhoids: From basic pathophysiology to clinical management World J. Gastroenterol. WJG 18 2009–17
[5] Riss S, Weiser F A, Schwameis K, Riss T, Mittlböck M, Steiner G and Stift A 2012 The prevalence of hemorrhoids in adults Int. J. Colorectal Dis. 27 215–20.