iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2024

Abstract: Background: stroke has many well-established risk factors like diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation and smoking. Vitamin d is being looked upon as one of the latest risk factors. Our aim is to find out the association between vitamin d and acute ischemic stroke, and the effect of parameters like age, gender, obesity and dyslipidemia on vitamin d levels. Materials and methodology.......

[1] Bruno P. Meloni, Phd; Kym Campbell, Bvms; Hongdong, Zhu,Phd;Neville W. Knuckey, Md;In Search Of Clinical Neuroprotection After Brain Ischemia,Stroke Aha.
[2] Harrisons Principles Of Internal Medicine, 21st Edition.
[3] New England Journal Of Medicine 2019.
[4] Keith W. Muir, Md, Mrcp;Kennedy R. Lees, Md, Frcp; Dose Optimisation Of Magnesium Sulphate After Acute Stroke;Stroke Aha Journal.
[5] Www.Pmj.Bmjjournals.Com.
[6] Michelle Davis And David Barer; Neuroprotection In Acute Ischaemic Stroke.Ii:Clinical Potential

Abstract: Background: Nuchal cord refers to the condition where the umbilical cord wraps around the fetal neck, potentially leading to complications during pregnancy and delivery. The prevalence of nuchal cords at delivery ranges between 6% and 37%, with possible adverse outcomes including fetal asphyxia, hypoxia, and in severe cases, stillbirth. The current study aims to evaluate the impact of nuchal cord detection via ultrasound in full-term pregnancies and assess its prognostic significance concerning perinatal outcomes. Materials and......

Keyword: Nuchal cord, umbilical cord, fetal distress, perinatal outcomes, ultrasound, pregnancy, cesarean delivery, neonatal complications, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, meconium aspiration syndrome, labor induction.

[1] Kommuri Hb, Diana Vg. Umbilical True Knot: A Case Study. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jul;7(7):2956-8.
[2] Memon A, Sheikh Aa, Kamal A. Fetal Outcome; Effects Of Nuchal Cord Vs Without Cord Around The Neck On Mode Of Delivery. Professional Med J 2017;24(3):462-465. Doi: 10.17957/Tpmj/17.3650[3] Singh V, Khanum S, Singh M. Umbilical Cord Lesions In Early Intrauterine Fetal Demise. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127:850-3.
[4] .Młodawska M, Młodawski J, Świercz G, Zieliński R. The Relationship Between Nuchal Cord And Adverse Obstetric And Neonatal Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study. Pediatr Rep. 2022;14(1):40-47.
[5] Dias Z, Kore S. Perinatal Outcome In Pregnancies With Nuchal Cord: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study At Tertiary Care Institute. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2021; 10:2368-73..

Abstract: Background: Surgical outcomes are increasingly scrutinized as part of efforts to ensure accountability and improve the quality of care. The Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM) and its modification, the Portsmouth POSSUM (P-POSSUM), are widely used tools for predicting surgical outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of POSSUM in predicting morbidity and P-POSSUM in predicting mortality for patients undergoing emergency laparotomies in a North Indian tertiary care center. Methods:......

Keyword: POSSUM and P-POSSUM, Physiological score, Operative score, observed morbidity, predicted morbidity, observed mortality, Predicted mortality

[1] Whiteley Ms, Prytherch Dr, Higgins B, Weaver Pc, Prout Wg. An Evaluation Of The Possum Surgical Scoring System. Br J Surg. 1996; (83): 812-5.
[2] Gordan T, William Os, George Tp, Douglas Ar. Auditing Perioperative Mortality. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1987; 69: 185-7.
[3] Prytherch Dr, Whitelety Ms, Higgins B, Weaver Pc, Prout Wg, Powell Sjh. Possum And Portsmouth Possum For Predicting Mortality. Br J Surg. 1998; 85: 1217-20.
[4] Copeland Gp, Jonesh D, Walters M. Possum: A Scoring System For Surgical Audit. Br J Surg. 1991; 78: 355-60.
[5] Kimani Mm, Kiiru Jn, Matu Mm, Chokwe T, Saidi H. Evaluation Of Possum And P-Possum As Predictors Of Mortality And Morbidity In Patients Undergoing Laparotomy At A Referral Hospital In Nairobi, Kenya. Ann Afr Surg. 2010; 5:10.4314/Aas. V5i1.53715..

Abstract: Background: Psoriasis, an autoimmune disorder affecting the skin and joints, poses a significant global health concern, particularly in Bangladesh. The impact extends beyond physical symptoms, affecting mental and emotional well-being. Limited research in Bangladesh hampers a comprehensive understanding of psoriasis epidemiology, clinical profiles, and quality of life implications. This study aimed to address these gaps, emphasizing their impact on an individual's quality of life. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January 2022 to October 2023 at Central Skin &.....

Keywords: Psoriasis, Dermatology, Quality of life, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)

[1] Rendon A, Schäkel K. Psoriasis Pathogenesis And Treatment. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(6):1475. Doi:10.3390/Ijms20061475
[2] Hepat A, Chakole S, Rannaware A. Psychological Well-Being Of Adult Psoriasis Patients: A Narrative Review. Cureus. 2023;15(4):E37702. Doi:10.7759/Cureus.37702
[3] Colombo D, Perego R, Colombo D, Perego R. Quality Of Life In Psoriasis. In: Psoriasis - Types, Causes And Medication. Intechopen; 2013. Doi:10.5772/53998
[4] Kimball Ab, Jacobson C, Weiss S, Vreeland Mg, Wu Y. The Psychosocial Burden Of Psoriasis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2005;6(6):383-392. Doi:10.2165/00128071-200506060-00005
[5] Kleyn Ce, Talbot Ps, Mehta Nn, Et Al. Psoriasis And Mental Health Workshop Report: Exploring The Links Between Psychosocial Factors, Psoriasis, Neuroinflammation And Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Acta Derm Venereol. 2020;100(1):5639. Doi:10.2340/00015555-3375

Abstract: Introduction: maintaining good oral health and avoiding avoidable dental diseases require optimal oral health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess how well a digital oral health intervention changed oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Materials and method: two research involving 200 healthy people were carried out. Before and after the know your oqtm intervention was finished, demographic information and oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (kaps) were gathered. There were 19 multiple-choice questions on the kaps questionnaire. Feedback and comprehension were also gathered.....

[1] Marcenes W, Kassebaum Nj, Bernabé E, Flaxman A, Naghavi M, Lopez A, Et Al. Global Burden Of Oral Conditions In 1990-2010: A Systematic Analysis. J Dent Res. 2013;92:592–7.
[2] Public Health England. Delivering Better Oral Health: An Evidence-Based Toolkit For Prevention. London: England; 2021. Https://Www.Gov.Uk/Government/Publications/ Delivering-Better-Oral-Health-An-Evidence-Basedtoolkit-For-Prevention.
[3] Home Oral Care. 2022. Https://Www.Ada.Org/Resources/Research/Science-Andresearch-Institute/Oral-Health-Topics/Home-Care.
[4] Oral Health Statistics In The Uk. Oral Health Foundation. 2022. Https:// Www.Dentalhealth.Org/Oral-Health-Statistics.
[5] Michie S, Van Stralen Mm, West R. The Behaviour Change Wheel: A New Method For Characterising And Designing Behaviour Change Interventions. Implement Sci. 2011;6:42–42.

Abstract: Introduction: Medical students are under immense pressure and competition to advance in their career. 65% of Indian population resides in rural area and their health care needs are to taken care of. Understanding perception and attitude of undergraduate medical students towards rural health service will help in better provision of rural healthcare services. Objectives: 1) To assess the perception and attitude of medical students towards rural health services 2) To understand the factors influencing willingness and unwillingness of medical students towards serving in rural areas.....

Keywords: Rural health, medical students

[1] Singh Rk, Rawat Cm, Pandey S. Attitude Of Medical Students Toward Serving In Rural Areas And Its Determinants: A Cross-Sectional Study From Uttarakhand. International Journal Of Medical Science And Public Health. 2015 Jun 1;4(6):814-7.
[2] Gupta D, Yadav Sk, Piyush Ar, Gupta Nm, Nath B. Assessment Of Attitude And Perception Of Medical Students Towards Rural Health Services In Hilly Region Of Uttarakhand. Indian Journal Of Forensic And Community Medicine. 2019 Apr;6(2):55-60.
[3] Dutt Ra, Shivalli S, Bhat Mb, Padubidri Jr. Attitudes And Perceptions Toward Rural Health Care Service Among Medical Students. Medical Journal Of Dr. Dy Patil University. 2014 Nov 1;7(6):703.
[4] Https://Doi.Org/10.18231/J.Pjms.2022.073

Abstract: Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections, with increasing rates of antibiotic resistance complicating treatment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens in patients with UTIs at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.
Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted from June, 2023 to July, 2024 involving 60 UTI patients. Clinical and microbiological data, including urine cultures and antibiotic susceptibility tests, were collected. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.
Results: Escherichia.....

Keywords: Urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., antibiotic resistance, Bangladesh, nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, multidrug resistance

[1] Yang X, Chen H, Zheng Y, Qu S, Wang H, Yi F. Disease Burden And Long-Term Trends Of Urinary Tract Infections: A Worldwide Report. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2022 Jul 27 [Cited 2024 Oct 14];10. Available From:
Https://Www.Frontiersin.Org/Journals/Public-Health/Articles/10.3389/Fpubh.2022.888205/Full
[2] Medina M, Castillo-Pino E. An Introduction To The Epidemiology And Burden Of Urinary Tract Infections. Ther Adv Urol [Internet]. 2019 May 2 [Cited 2024 Oct 12];11:1756287219832172. Available From: Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Pmc/Articles/Pmc6502976/
[3] Aslam B, Wang W, Arshad Mi, Khurshid M, Muzammil S, Rasool Mh, Et Al. Antibiotic Resistance: A Rundown Of A Global Crisis. Infection And Drug Resistance [Internet]. 2018 Oct 10 [Cited 2024 Oct 14];11:1645–58. Available From: Https://Www.Tandfonline.Com/Doi/Abs/10.2147/Idr.S173867
[4] Kardos N. Overuse Of Antibiotics And Antibiotic Resistance In Medical Applications Featuring Carbapenemase Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (Cre). Soj Microbiology & Infectious Diseases [Internet]. 2017 Nov 1 [Cited 2024 Oct 14];5(5). Available From: Https://Symbiosisonlinepublishing.Com/Microbiology-Infectiousdiseases/
[5] Levy Sb, Marshall B. Antibacterial Resistance Worldwide: Causes, Challenges And Responses. Nat Med [Internet]. 2004 Dec [Cited 2024 Oct 14];10(12):S122–9. Available From: Https://Www.Nature.Com/Articles/Nm1145

Abstract: Background: This study aims to assess the prevalence and correlation between age, gender, and site of malignant minor salivary gland tumors among patients attending a tertiary healthcare centre in Trivandrum from 2015 to 2022. A total of 26 cases were reviewed, with mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) being the most prevalent, followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC). Our findings suggest a slight female predilection overall, though certain tumor types showed gender-specific trends. The study highlights important epidemiological insights that can help future research and clinical practice in managing malignant minor salivary gland tumors.

Keywords: Malignant minor salivary gland tumors, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, polymorphous adenocarcinoma, cross-sectional study, Trivandrum

[1] Guzzo M, Locati Ld, Prott Fj, Gatta G, Mcgurk M, Licitra L. Major And Minor Salivary Gland Tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2010;74(2):134–48.
[2] Speight Pm, Barrett Aw. Salivary Gland Tumours. Oral Dis 2002;8(5):229–40.
[3] Laurie Sa, Ho Al, Fury Mg, Sherman E, Pfister Dg. Systemic Therapy In The Management Of Metastatic Or Locally Recurrent Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Of The Salivary Glands: A Systematic Review. Lancet Oncol 2011;12(8):815–24.
[4] Eveson Jw, Cawson Ra. Salivary Gland Tumours. A Review Of 2410 Cases With Particular Reference To Histological Types, Site, Age And Sex Distribution. J Pathol 1985;146(1):51–8.
[5] Ghaderi H, Kruger E, Ahmadvand S, Mohammadi Y, Khademi B, Ghaderi A. Epidemiological Profile Of Salivary Gland Tumors In Southern Iranian Population: A Retrospective Study Of 405 Cases. Journal Of Cancer Epidemiology 2023;2023(1):8844535

Abstract: Background: Hemorrhoids are a common anorectal condition that often requires surgical intervention for third-degree cases when conservative treatments fail. Although both stapled haemorrhoidopexy and conventional excisional hemorrhoidectomy are widely used, uncertainty remains about which technique is superior. This study compares the short- and long-term outcomes of these procedures, focusing on recovery time, pain, and complications to clarify the optimal surgical approach. Materials and Methods: An open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU......

Keywords: stapled haemorrhoidopexy, excisional hemorrhoidectomy, postoperative pain, recurrence, recovery

[1] Peery A F, Sandler R S, Galanko J A, Bresalier R S, Figueiredo J C, Ahnen D J, Barry E L And Baron J A 2015 Risk Factors For Hemorrhoids On Screening Colonoscopy PLOS ONE 10 E0139100
[2] Sun Z And Migaly J 2016 Review Of Hemorrhoid Disease: Presentation And Management Clin. Colon Rectal Surg. 29 22–9
[3] Cristea C And Lewis C R 2024 Hemorrhoidectomy Statpearls (Treasure Island (FL): Statpearls Publishing)
[4] Lohsiriwat V 2012 Hemorrhoids: From Basic Pathophysiology To Clinical Management World J. Gastroenterol. WJG 18 2009–17[5] Riss S, Weiser F A, Schwameis K, Riss T, Mittlböck M, Steiner G And Stift A 2012 The Prevalence Of Hemorrhoids In Adults Int. J. Colorectal Dis. 27 215–20
[6] News M Hemorrhoid Epidemic: Why Cases Surge Across The World Mirage News

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of triclosan coated sutures and the chlorhexidine sutures in preventing the surgical site infections. This study was conducted on 20 patients based on the inclusion and exclusion criterion. It was concluded that both triclosan and chlorhexidine impregnated polyglactin sutures have a significant ability in preventing surgical site infection. However, chlorhexidine sutures showed reduced infection rates, erythema and trismus as compared to triclosan sutures in healthy patients undergoing surgical removal of third molar under local.....

Keywords: Triclosan impregnated polyglactin sutures; chlorhexidine diacetate-impregnated polyglactin sutures; infection; erythema; swelling; pain; trismus

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