iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2024

Abstract: The WOLFRAM syndrome is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder described for the first time in 1938 as the coexistence of a diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy to which join frequently a diabetes insipidus and a bilateral deafness. Here we report cranial MRI findings in a 20 year old patient who presented with diabetes mellitus, decreased visual loss since 3 years with progressive loss of hearing since 6 months. We reviewed the brain MR images to determine the frequency and characteristics of common neuroradiologic findings. Imaging findings include absence of the.....

Keywords: Atrophy, brainstem, hypophysis, optic nerves

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Abstract: Background: Dyslipidaemia has been proposed as a potential risk factor for breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum lipid profiles and breast cancer among women, comparing lipid levels between breast cancer patients and healthy controls.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted at SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, from ethics committee approval until June 2024. The study included 100 breast cancer patients and 100 matched healthy controls. Inclusion criteria were individuals aged 18 years or older with informed consent, while exclusion......

Keyword: Breast cancer, Dyslipidemia, Serum lipid profile, Total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein, High-density lipoprotein, Triglycerides

[1] Sathishkumar K, Sankarapillai J, Mathew A, Et Al. Breast Cancer Survival In India Across 11 Geographic Areas Under The National Cancer Registry Programme. Cancer. 2024; 130(10): 1816-1825.
[2] Fernandes Vieira V, Vo Qd, Bouquet De La Jolinière J, Khomsi F, Feki A, Hoogewoud Hm. Granulocytic Sarcoma Presenting As A Palpable Breast Lump. Frontiers In Surgery 2017;3:67.
[3] Makama M, Drukker Ca, Rutgers Et, Et Al. An Association Study Of Established Breast Cancer Reproductive And Lifestyle Risk Factors With Tumour Subtype Defined By The Prognostic 70-Gene Expression Signature (Mammaprint®). European Journal Of Cancer 2017;75:5-13.5.
[4] Martin Lj, Melnichouk O, Huszti E, Connelly Pw, Greenberg Cv, Minkin S, Boyd Nf.Serum Lipids, Lipoproteins, And Risk Of Breast Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study Usingmultiple Time Points. Jnci: Journal Of The National Cancer Institute. 2015;107(5).
[5] Bhat Sa, Mir Mr, Majid S, Reshi Aa, Husain I, Hassan T, Ahmad H. Serum Lipid Profileof Breast Cancer Patients In Kashmir. American Journal Of Physiology, Biochemistry And Pharmacology 2013;2(1):26-31.7.

Abstract: Background: Gallstones are a common gastrointestinal disorder often requiring cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the gold standard for gallbladder removal, involves pneumoperitoneum (PNP) using carbon dioxide (CO2) for better visibility and access. However, postoperative shoulder pain remains a frequent complication, largely attributed to CO2 insufflation. This study compares the incidence and severity of postoperative shoulder pain between low-pressure pneumoperitoneum (LPP) and standard-pressure pneumoperitoneum......

Keyword: Gallstones, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, low-pressure pneumoperitoneum, standard-pressure pneumoperitoneum, shoulder pain, postoperative pain, pneumoperitoneum.

[1] Setareh S, Alavy Toussy J, Alavi Toosi P, Hemmati H. Evaluation Of The Carbon Dioxide Insufflation Rate On Shoulder Pain After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Med Sci J. 2020; 24:832-8.
[2] Hasukić Š. Co2-Pneumoperitoneum In Laparoscopic Surgery: Pathophysiologic Effects And Clinical Significance. World J Lap Surg. 2014;7(1):33-40.
[3] Phelps P, Cakmakkaya Os, Apfel Cc, Et Al. A Simple Clinical Maneuver To Reduce Laparoscopy-Induced Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2008; 111:1155-60.
[4] Li X, Li K. Time Characteristics Of Shoulder Pain After Laparoscopic Surgery. Jsls. 2021;25: E2021.00027.
[5] Jorgensen Jo, Gillies Rb, Hunt Dr, Et Al. A Simple And Effective Way To Reduce Postoperative Pain After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Aust N Z J Surg. 1995; 65:466-9.
[6] Tsai Hw, Wang Ph, Yen Ms, Et Al. Prevention Of Postlaparoscopic Shoulder And Upper Abdominal Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 121:526-31..

Abstract: The Fibrous epulis, is a tumour like lesion arising from the gingiva, periosteum or periodontal ligament and is commonly involving the interdental papilla. Its etiology is attributed to a reactive mechanism in response to chronic irritation or tissue injury which stimulates excessive tissue response. They are usually asymptomatic and have a very slow rate of growth. The recurrence rate is high and they are commonly treated by a combination of surgical excision, thorough curettage and oral prophylaxis. We report a case of a Giant lobular fibrous epulis in a 62 year old female....

Key Word: fibrous epulis, interdental papilla, reactive, chronic irritation, lobular, high recurrence, excision, curettage

[1] Pour Ma. Rad M. Mojtahedi A. A Survey Of Soft Tissue Tumour Like Lesions Of Oral Cavity : A Clinicopathological Study .Iran J Pathol 2008;3(2):81-87
[2] Ajagbe Ha, Daramola Jo . Fibrous Epulis :Experience In Clinical Presentation And Treatment Of 39 Cases. J Natl Med Assoc 1978:70 (5):317-319
[3] Tajima H. A Histopathological And Immunohistochemicalstudy Of Pathological Ossification In Epulis Osteoplastica. Oral Med Pathol 2009;13(3):91-98
[4] Liu C. Qin Zp. Fan Zn Et Al. New Treatment Strategy For Granulomatous Epulis:Intralesional Injection Of Propranolol. Med Hypothesis 2012:78(2):327-329
[5] Kfir Y, Buchner A. Hansen Ls. Reactive Lesions Of The Gingiva. A Clinicopathological Study Of 741 Cases.J Periodontol 1980:51(11):655-661

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) characterized as the ability of a machine to mimic human intelligence, has been a breakthrough in technological advancements during the last few decades and has made a huge impact on our everyday life. In current scenario, it has become necessary for the dental professionals too to get oriented with clinical as well as technological advancement to provide easy, rapid, relatively cost-effective and excellent patient care. In dentistry, artificial intelligence has been playing a significant role in improving diagnosis, treatment planning and.....

Keyword: artificial intelligence; deep learning; machine learning; neural network.

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[2]. Ansdit (American National Standard Dictionary Of Information Technology. New York: Springer; 1996.
[3]. James G, Witten D, Hastie T, Tibshirani R. An Introduction To Statistical Learning With Applications In R. New York: Springer; 2013.
[4]. Goodfellow I, Bengio Y, Courville A. Deep Learning. 1st Ed. Cambridge, Ma: Mit Press; 2016
[5]. Nguyen Tt, Larrivée N, Lee A, Bilaniuk O, Durand R. Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Dentistry: Current Clinical Trends And Research Advances J Can Dent Assoc 2021;87:17.

Abstract: Background: Antenatal care is a medical and general care that is provided to pregnant women during pregnancy. In Nigeria as well as in the world maternal mortality is high.The aim of this study is to access the level of knowledge, attitude and practice toward antenatal care service among women of Unguwar Rogo Sokoto.
Materials and Method: The study design was cross sectional descriptive design and study population among married women of reproductive age group of Unguwar Rogo area Sokoto. A total of 250 women were selected based on systematic....

Key Word: Knowledge, attitude, practice, antenatal care, Unguwar Rogo, Sokoto State.

[1] Berhe Kk, Welearegay Hg, Abera Gb, Kahsay Hb, Kahsay Ab (2014) Assessment Of Entenatal Care Utilization And Its Associated Factors Among 15 To 49 Years Of Age Women In Ayder Kebelle, Mekelle City 2012/2013; A Cross Sectional Study. Open Journal Of Advanced Drug Delivery. 2(1): 62 – 75.
[2] K, Dibaba Y, Woldeyohannes D (2013) Determinants Of Maternal Health Care Utilization In Holeta Town, Central Ethiopia. Bmc Health Services Research 13(1): 256.
[3] Onah, H.E., Ikeako, L.C., Iloabachie, G.C. (2006) Factors Associated With The Use Of Maternity Services In Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. Social. Science And ...153 Page
[4] Ogunba Bo, Abiodun Ob (2017) Knowledge And Attitude Of Women And Its Influence On Antenatal Care Attendance In South-Western Nigeria.
[5] Ethiopian Demographic And Health Survey, 2005

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to expand upon previous research by investigating the relationship between exposure to secondhand smoking and cardiovascular health in the general U.S. population across various demographic variables. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample, from the 2017-2018 NHANES survey, patterns of secondhand smoking and cardiovascular health issues were examined. This relationship was examined individually and in combination with other sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, family income/poverty, race, education level, birth country, U.S. citizenship status and language of interview using multivariate logistic regression. Results: The data included 3882 subjects including 23.6% of participants who were exposed....

Key Word: Secondhand smoking, cardiovascular health, NHANES 2017-2018 survey

[1] Abbott, R. D., Yin, Y., Reed, D. M., & Yano, K. (1986). Risk Of Stroke In Male Cigarette Smokers. New England Journal Of Medicine, 315(12), 717-720.
[2] Adams, T., Wan, E., Wei, Y., Wahab, R., Castagna, F., Wang, G., ... & Jelic, S. (2015). Secondhand Smoking Is Associated With Vascular Inflammation. Chest, 148(1), 112-119.
[3] Barnoya, J., & Glantz, S. A. (2005). Cardiovascular Effects Of Secondhand Smoke: Nearly As Large As Smoking. Circulation, 111(20), 2684-2698.
[4] Bonita, R., Scragg, R., Stewart, A., Jackson, R., & Beaglehole, R. (1986). Cigarette Smoking And Risk Of Premature Stroke In Men And Women. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 293(6538), 6-8.
[5] Brooks, E. L., Preis, S. R., Hwang, S. J., Murabito, J. M., Benjamin, E. J., Kelly-Hayes, M., ... & Levy, D. (2010). Health Insurance And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. The American Journal Of Medicine, 123(8), 741-747.

Abstract: Background: Electronic Health Records System (EHRS) has shown a lot of advantages over the conventional paper based medical records. Its use has grown rapidly in the developed world and yet most African nations are still lagging behind. In Nigeria, the penetration of EHRS is low with less than 10.0% of hospitals embracing it.Factors responsible for this low penetration or use of EHRS in Nigeria include interoperability issues, epileptic power supply, cost of installation, resistance to change, health providers' and patients' poor orientation. This study....

Key Word: Knowledge, Attitude, Perception. Health Workers, Electronic Health Record System, Sokoto State

[1] Bjarnadottir Ri, Herzig Ct, Travers Jl, Castle Ng, Stone Pw. Implementation Of Electronic Health Records In Us Nursing Homes. Computers, Informatics, Nursing: Cin. 2017;35(8):417
[2] Bowles Kh, Dykes P, Demiris G. The Use Of Health Information Technology To Improve Care And Outcomes For Older Adults. Research In Gerontological Nursing. 2015;8(1):5-10.
[3] Owoeye Go, Nwaogwugwu Jc, Ehinze Es. The Knowledge, Perception And Utilisation Of E-Health Among Health Workers In Benin City, Nigeria: Knowledge, Perception And Utilisation Of E-Health. Nigerian Medical Journal. 2022;63(3):226-35.
[4] Hoelscher Dm, Ranjit N, Pérez A. Surveillance Systems To Track And Evaluate Obesity Prevention Efforts. Annual Review Of Public Health. 2017;38:187-214.
[5] M, Digby G, Mackinnon M, Morra A, Barber D, Queenan J, Et Al. Primary Care Asthma Surveillance: A Review Of Knowledge Translation Tools And Strategies For Quality Improvement. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology. 2023;19(1):1-11

Abstract: Background: Malnutrion is an imbalance between the intake of calorie and the body's requirement. When the body's requirement supersedes the intake, it is under nutrition and when the intake is more than the body's requirement, it leads to overweight or obesity. Both instances are forms of malnutrition. The study aim to determine prevalence of under nutrition among the study subject , age variation in relation to under nutrition and compare results of malnutrition obtained from Mid-Upper-Arm circumference and other methods of determining Nutritional status (weight-for-Age and height-for-Age Materials and Methods......

[1] Kelishadi R. Childhood Overweight, Obesity, And The Metabolic Syndrome In Developing Countries. Epidemiol Rev. 2007; 29:62-76.
[2] Bloss E, Wainaina F, Bailey Rc. Prevalence And Predictors Of Underweight, Stunting, And Wasting Among Children Aged 5 And Under In Western Kenya. J Trop Pediatr. 2004;50(5): 260-270.
[3] Kristin Huldah Frye. Assessing The Nutritional Status Of Primary School Children In Wakiso District Uganda. Wakiso: Uganda Media Press; 2008; P. 22-23, Vol. 2
[4] Bharati S, Pal M, Bharati P. Determinants Of Nutritional Status Of Pre-School Children In India. J Biosoc Sci. 2008;40(6):801-814.
[5] Kelishadi R. Childhood Overweight, Obesity, And The Metabolic Syndrome In Developing Countries. Epidemiol Rev. 2007; 29:62-76.