iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2024

Abstract: Advancements in medical science have increased focus on dental health, with dental implants emerging as a leading solution for tooth replacement. The success of these implants is heavily influenced by mechanical conditions, particularly occlusal loading. Optimal implant positioning and occlusal schemes are critical yet challenging, often based on empirical rather than evidence-based decisions. Implants differ from natural teeth in periodontal support, biomechanical design, sensory perception, and response to occlusal forces, impacting their durability and.....

[1]. Gross MD. Occlusion in implant dentistry. A review of the literature on prosthetic determinants and current concepts. Aust Dent J 2008;53 Suppl 1: S60-8.
[2]. R. A. Sheridan, A. M. Decker, A. B. Plonka, H Wang, The Role of Occlusion in Implant Therapy: A Comprehensive Updated Review, Implant Dentistry; 25, 6; 2016
[3]. Rangert B, Krogh PH, Langer B, Van Roekel N. Bending overload and implant fracture: a retrospective clinical analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1995; 10:326-34
[4]. Dawson PE. Evaluation, Diagnosis, and treatment of occlusal problems. 2nd Ed CV Mosby 1969.
[5]. Verma M, Nanda A, Sood A. Principles of occlusion in implant dentistry. J Int Clin Dent Res Organ 2015; 7:27-33

Abstract: Background: Molecular engineering is a technique through which microspheres and other forms can be generated. Their size varies from varying hundreds of micrometers and proves to be advantageous in varying fields. These microspheres are also known as microparticles and are helpful in various means such as core protection, cellular preservation from external environment, targeting at a particular site, efficiency oriented, drug release in a controlled manner. It has a role which is very much elaborated as it can be used in multiple forms. It has main role which is being......

Keywords: Microparticles, microspheres, microcapsules, microsponges, fluoride recharge, fluoride release

[1]. Das MK, Ahmed AB, Saha D. Microsphere a drug delivery system-A review. Int J Curr Pharm Res. 2019;11(4):34-41
[2]. Sousa FF, Luzardo Alvarez A, Perez Estevez A, Seoane Prade R, Blanco Mendez J. Development of a novel AMX-loaded PLGA/zein microsphere for root canal disinfection. Biomed Mater.2010;5(5):055008
[3]. Wang W, Dang M, Zhang Z, Hua J, Eyster TW, Ni L, et al. Dentin regeneration by stem cells of apical papilla on injectable nanofibrous microspheres and stimulated by controlled BMP-2 release. Acta Biomater.2016;36:63-72
[4]. Wu C, Zreiqat H. Porous bioactive diopside (CaMgSi2O6) ceramic microspheres for drug delivery. Acta Biomater. 2010;6(3):820-9
[5]. Hamilton I. Biochemical effects of fluoride on oral bacteria. J Dent Res. 1990;69:682-3

Abstract: The development of a caries lesion is the result of a complicated interplay of many factors. The term caries is used to embrace both the disease process and its consequences, ie the damage caused by the disease process. A large component of the daily work of dental personnel comprises caries diagnosis, risk assessment (identifying tooth surfaces, individuals or populations groups at risk of developing caries) and early treatment of caries lesions, particularly in children and adolescents. These tasks are so closely related that a caries diagnosis is followed by risk assessment, which in turns forms the basis of treatment decisions. Dental caries is a highly prevalent chronic disease.....

Keywords: Caries diagnosis, radiograph, dyes, computed radiography, tactile sensation, digital radiography

[1]. Javaheri M, Maleki-Kambakhsh S, Etemad-Moghadam. Efficacy of Two Caries Detector Dyes in the Diagnosis of Dental Caries. J Dent 2010; 7: 2.
[2]. Yılmaz H, Keleş S. Recent Methods for Diagnosis of Dental Caries in Dentistry. Med Dent J 2018; 19: 1-8.
[3]. Se-YeonKim, Han-NaKim. Assessment of early childhood caries using ICDA Sand Snyder caries activity test among preschool children: a cross-sectional study. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 47(6): 163-170.
[4]. Bennett T. Emerging technologies for diagnosis of dental caries. J Apply Physic 2009; 105; 10.
[5]. Narula N, Bhatia O, Chauhan N, Yadav N, Meraj, Ali A. Recent advances in diagnosis of dental caries. Eur Chem Bull 2023; 12: 6853 – 6861.

Abstract: Introduction The gold standard conduits for coronary revascularisation are the internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) owing to their anti-atherosclerotic properties and long-term patency. The two established core techniques remain pedicled and skeletonised harvests. The skeletonised approach is considered superior for sternal wound preservation because it reduces tissue mobilisation and maintains collateral flow to the sternum by preserving some intercostal and sternal branches....

[1]. Loop FD, Lytle BW, Cosgrove DM, Stewart RW, Goormastic M, Williams GW, et al. Influence of the internal-mammary-artery graft on 10-year survival and other cardiac events. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 1986;314(1):1–6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198601023140101
[2]. Yi, G., Shine, B., Rehman, S. M., Altman, D. G., & Taggart, D. P. (2014). Effect of Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery Grafts on Long-Term Survival. Circulation, 130(7), 539–545. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.113.004255
[3]. Kamiya H, Akhyari P, Martens A, Karck M, Haverich A, Lichtenberg A. Sternal microcirculation after skeletonized versus pedicled harvesting of the internal thoracic artery: a randomized study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg [Internet]. 2008;135(1):32–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.09.004
[4]. Keeley SB. The skeletonized internal mammary artery. Ann Thorac Surg. 1987; 44: 324–325. DOI : 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)62088-7
[5]. Benedetto U, Altman DG, Gerry S, Gray A, Lees B, Pawlaczyk R, et al. Pedicled and skeletonized single and bilateral internal thoracic artery grafts and the incidence of sternal wound complications: Insights from the Arterial Revascular

Abstract: Background: Urinary tract infections(UTI) are among the most widespread bacterial diseases that afflict people of all ages, with a higher frequency among females, paediatrics, and geriatrics .The high incidence of UTIs and their associated sequelae, which can include sepsis in severe cases, chronic renal disease, and recurrent infections, constitute a considerable public health burden.The presence of comorbidities, prolonged indwelling catheters and other factors....

Key Word: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Elderly, Antibiotics susceptibility, Uropathogen, Dysuria, Complicated UTI.

[1]. Rowe TA, Juthani-Mehta M. Urinary tract infection in older adults. Aging health. 2013 Oct;9(5):10.2217/ahe.13.38. doi: 10.2217/ahe.13.38. PMID: 24391677; PMCID: PMC3878051.
[2]. Foxman B. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. Am J Med. 2002 Jul 8;113 Suppl 1A:5S-13S. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01054-9. PMID: 12113866.
[3]. Nicolle LE. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in the elderly. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1997 Sep;11(3):647-62. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70378-0. PMID: 9378928.
[4]. Giske CG, Monnet DL, Cars O, Carmeli Y; ReAct-Action on Antibiotic Resistance. Clinical and economic impact of common multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Mar;52(3):813-21. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01169-07. Epub 2007 Dec 10. PMID: 18070961; PMCID: PMC2258516

Abstract: Background: Topical agents when used over a long period are likely to cause ocular surface changes like decrease in tear secretion, tear break up time changes and epithelial changes of conjunctiva and cornea. The aim of this study is to assess the integrity of tear film by simple tests to quantify the function, in patients using topical anti glaucoma medication and to compare them with normal subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients (120 eyes) were evaluated in our cross sectional analytical study. 30 healthy patients of 20-55 years age group acted as controls and 30 patients on topical glaucoma medication for more than six months were the glaucoma group. Apart from the routine examination, the specific tests done were Schirmers test,....

Key Word: tear film, ocular surface, topical agents, glaucoma therapy

[1]. Goto E, Yagi Y, Matsumoto Y TK. Impaired functional visual acuity of dry eye patients. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;133(2):181–6.
[2]. Parsons diseases of the eye. 23rd Edition, chapter 16 ,introduction page no 261
[3]. Quigley H, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90(3):262–7.
[4]. Kamath AP, Satyanarayana S, Rodrigues FEA. Ocular surface changes in primary open angle glaucoma with long term topical anti glaucoma medication. Med J Armed Forces India. 2007;63(4):341–5.
[5]. Yalvaç IS, Gedikoğlu G, Karagöz Y, et al. Effects of antiglaucoma drugs on ocular surface. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1995;73(3):246-248. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0420.1995.tb00277.x

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical situation, treatment methods, and clinical predictors of surgical intervention if foreign bodies are in the abdomen. Methods: A total of 50 individuals were selected as study participants after being hospitalized to our hospital for unintentional intake of foreign bodies. The patients were categorized into two categories, namely the surgery group and the non-surgery group, based on the treatment approach. The admission status of both groups was then analyzed....

Key Word: surgical intervention, foreign body, abdomen

[1]. Kızıltan R, Yılmaz Ö, Aras A, Toktaş O, Batur A, Agar F, Olmez S, Kotan Ç. Ingested intraabdominal foreign bodies that require surgical intervention. ULUSAL TRAVMA VE ACIL CERRAHI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & EMERGENCY SURGERY. 2016;22(3).
[2]. Cai DT, Shu Q, Zhang SH, et al. Surgical treatment of multiple magnet ingestion in children: a single-center study. World J Clin Cases. 2020;8(23):11.
[3]. Shiwei Z, Haoran Z, Jiaxu L, et al. Bowel injuries caused by ingestion of multiple magnets in children: report of two cases. Chin J Pediatr Surg. 2018;39(12):3.
[4]. Crankson SJ. Hepatic foreign body in a child. Pediatr Surg Int 1997;12:426–7.
[5]. Lee KF, Chu W, Wong SW, Lai PB. Hepatic abscess secondary to foreign body perforation of the stomach. Asian J Surg 2005;28:297–300.

Abstract: A 54 year old male presented to us with diminution of vision in his right eye from the last 6 months associated with watering. Patient had a positive history of joint pains for which he was on ayurvedic medication from a local practitioner and was also using topical steroids from the last 3 months from a local hospital. On examination, the patient had 270 degrees of cornea thinning in his right eye (RE) with posterior chamber intra-ocular lens in situ (Fig-1) and the other....

Key Word: Banana Graft, Corneal thinning, Crescent graft

[1]. Spierer O, Waisbourd M, Golan Y, Newman H, Rachmiel R. Partial thickness corneal tissue as a patch graft material for prevention of glaucoma drainage device exposure. BMC Ophthalmol. 2016 Dec;16(1):20.
[2]. Soong HK, Farjo AA, Katz D, Meyer RF, Sugar A. Lamellar Corneal Patch Grafts in the Management of Corneal Melting: Cornea. 2000 Mar;19(2):126–34.
[3]. Raviv T, Greenfield DS, Liebmann JM, Sidoti PA, Ishikawa H, Ritch R. Pericardial Patch Grafts in Glaucoma Implant Surgery: J Glaucoma. 1998 Feb;7(1):27-32.
[4]. Yao Y, Jhanji V. Short-term observation of management of sclera patch grafts used in the scleral defects. Ann Eye Sci. 2018;2:30–30

Abstract: Background: Cholelithiasis is one of the major causes of Abdominal morbidity throughout the world. The prevalence differs not only between countries but also between age, gender and ethnic groups. In India, a female preponderance has been observed as in other countries. Prevalence of Paediatric cholelithiasis is rare compared to adult. However, in recent decades cholelithiasis in paediatric population is being frequently reported with the wide spread use of Ultrasonography. Various etiologies of cholelithiasis in children are - Haemolytic disease resulting in pigmented....

Key Word: Paediatric Cholelithiasis, Paediatric Hypothyroidism

[1]. Johnston DE, Kaplan MM. Pathogenesis and treatment of gallstones. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:412-2.
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[3]. https://www.cureus.com/articles/96000-demographic-and-risk-factor-profile-in-patients-of-gallstone-disease-in-central-india
[4]. Zdanowicz, K.; Daniluk, J.; Lebensztejn, D.M.; Daniluk, U. The Etiology of Cholelithiasis in Children and Adolescents—A Literature Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23,13376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113376 Academic Editor: Pavel Strnad Received: 4 October.
[5]. Serdaroglu F, Koca YS, Saltik F, Koca T, Dereci S, Akcam M, et al. Gallstones in childhood: etiology, clinical features, and prognosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Dec;28(12):1468–72.

Abstract: Purpose:The aim of this study was to highlight various dermatoses affecting nose, classify based on etiology,analyze the demographic profile of study population and to establish histopathological correlation in selected cases. Methods and material:Ours was a cross sectional study for a period of 12 months and the patients with skin lesions involving nose were included and demographic data, presentation of nasal lesions were noted in a pre-set proforma. In doubtful cases, biopsies were done, and lesions were grouped based on the etiology,age, sex. At the end....

Key Word: Nasal dermatoses, Lupus pernio, inflammatory lesions

[1]. Heidari Z, Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb H, Khammar T, Khammar M. Anthropometric measurements of the external nose in 18-25-year-old Sistani and Baluch aborigine women in the southeast of Iran. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2009; 68:88–92.
[2]. Fattahi TT. An overview of facial aesthetic units. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003; 61:1207–1211. doi: 10.1016/S0278-2391(03)00684-0.
[3]. Ayse Pelin Yigider, Fatma Tulin Kayhan, Ozgur Yigit, Ayse Kavak, Cemal Cingi, Skin diseases of the nose, American journal of Rhinology & allergy, volume: 30, issue: 3, page(s): e83-e9 May 1, 2016
[4]. Jain M, Sing K, Kanodia S, Vishwender. Clinico-epidemiology of facial dermatoses. Indian J Basic Applied Med Res; March 2018: Vol.-7, Issue- 2, P. 154-158
[5]. Bhagwat PV, Chhangte MZ, Kudligni C. A clinical study of facial dermatoses. Int J Res Dermatol 2019; 5:40-4

Abstract: Introduction: Elbow fractures are the most common traumatic injury in children, accounting for approximately 15% of all pediatric fractures. Research shows that 85% of orthopedic surgeries in this group are due to elbow fractures. These injuries encompass supracondylar, lateral condyle, radial neck, medial epicondyle, olecranon, radial head, and intercondylar fractures. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of non-operative treatment for pediatric elbow fractures in two centers in Bangladesh. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was....

Key Word: Outcome, Non-operative, Treatment, Pediatric Elbow, Fracture

[1]. Shrader MW. Pediatric supracondylar fractures and pediatric physeal elbow fractures. Orthop Clin North Am.2008;39(2):163-71.
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[3]. Hart ES, Turner A, Albright M, Grottkau BE. Common pediatric elbow fractures. Orthop Nurs.2011;30(1):11-7.
[4]. Polinder S, Meerding WJ, Mulder S, Petridou E, van Beeck E. Assessing the burden of injury in six European countries. Bull World Health Organ.2007;85(1):27-34.
[5]. Chai KK, Aik S, Sengupta S. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children-an epidemiological study of 132 consecutive cases. Med J Malaysia.2000;55:39-43

Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, posing a significant health burden. Breast cancer survival outcome are improving in affluent countries, but remain low in impoverished countries. There is less research in Bangladesh on the survival rates of people with early-stage breast cancer. Aim of the study: The goal of this study was to assess the survival outcome of female patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods: The....

Key Word: Early-stage breast cancer, Survival, Outcome, Health burden

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[4]. Hery C, Ferlay J, Boniol M, Autier P. Quantification of changes in breast cancer incidence and mortality since 1990 in 35 countries with Caucasian-majority populations. Ann Oncol. 2008;19(6):1187-94.
[5]. Autier P, Hery C, Haukka J, Boniol M, Byrnes G. Advanced breast cancer and breast cancer mortality in randomized controlled trials on mammography screening. JCO. 2009;27(35):5919-23

Abstract: Background: The mother may not survive placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), which frequently leads to serious blood loss and peripartum hysterectomy. Ensuring prompt prenatal diagnosis in these circumstances enables meticulous birth planning in a specialist facility with a skilled multidisciplinary team. It has been demonstrated that this lowers maternal morbidity. Reductions in bleeding and emergency procedures are also linked to scheduled deliveries as compared to emergency ones. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare maternal morbidity, mortality....

Key Word: Maternal Morbidity, Maternal Mortality, Fetal Outcome, Planned Management, Emergency Management, PAS Disorder

[1]. Jauniaux ERM, Alfirevic Z, Bhide AG, Belfort MA, Burton GJ, Collins SL, Dornan S, Jurkovic D, Kayem G, Kingdom J, Silver R, Sentilhes L on behalf of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Placenta Praevia and Placenta Accreta: Diagnosis and Management. Green-top Guideline No. 27a. BJOG 2018: 1-48
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