iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2024

Abstract: Background: Dancing eye syndrome or Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome (OMS) is a distinct neurological entity. Febrile illness with OMS is a rare presentation with rapid, multi-directional eye movements (opsoclonus) and quick, involuntary muscle jerks (myoclonus). Methodology: This rare case was seen in the Department of General Medicine, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Karnataka, India in December 2023.....

Keywords: Opsoclonus Myoclonus (OMS), Dengue, Scrub Typhus, Encephalitis, Co-infections

[1]. Klaas JP, Ahlskog JE, Pittock SJ, Matsumoto JY, Aksamit AJ, Bartleson JD, et al. Adult-onset opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Arch Neurol. 2012; 69:1598–1607.
[2]. Jiang J, Richards AL. Scrub typhus: no longer restricted to the tsutsugamushi triangle. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2018; 3:11.
[3]. Mahajan SK, Mahajan SK. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of scrub typhus. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2017; 8:421–426.
[4]. Ramos C, Sánchez G, Pando RH, Baquera J, Hernández D, Mota J, et al. Dengue virus in the brain of a fatal case of hemorrhagic dengue fever. J Neurovirol. 1998; 4:465–8.
[5]. Sahu R, Verma R, Jain A, Garg RK, Singh MK, Malhotra HS, et al. Neurologic complications in dengue virus infection: a prospective cohort study. Neurology. 2014; 83:1601–9.

Abstract: Background: Case Presentation: Tuberculosis (TB) affecting hydrocele fluid is not common. A case of a 48-year-old male with a painless, progressively enlarging scrotal swelling over six months. Despite lacking typical TB symptoms, hydrocele fluid analysis revealed acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and a positive tuberculin skin test. diagnosis was confirmed by AFB staining and fluid analysis. Treatment with standard anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) resulted in rapid clinical improvement......

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Acid-fast bacilli, Hydrocele, Anti-tubercular therapy

[1]. Ben Lahlou Y, Laanibi Z, Malihy Z, Benaissa E, Maleb A, Elktaibi A, et al. A hydrocele revealing epididymal tuberculosis. Access Microbiology [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 27]; Available from: https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000781.v2
[2]. Das A, Batabyal S, Bhattacharjee S, Sengupta A. A rare case of isolated testicular tuberculosis and review of literature. J Family Med Prim Care. 2016;5(2):468–70.
[3]. Huzaifa M, Moreno MA. Hydrocele. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 27]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559125/
[4] Tuberculosis of the Genitourinary System: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Epidemiology. 2023 Aug 17 [cited 2024 Jun 27]; Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/450651-overview
[5]. Issaoui ZB, Kharbach Y, Khallouk A. Isolated Epididymal Tuberculosis: A Challenging Diagnosis. Integrative Journal of Medical Sciences [Internet]. 2024 May 30 [cited 2024 Jun 27];11. Available from: https://www.mbmjpress.com/index.php/ijms/article/view/732

Abstract: Background: Permanent maxillary cuspid can present with an unusual length exceeding 31 mm. These clinical case reports describe two 32 mm long upper canines scheduled for root canal treatment, with emphasis on the alternative technique employed. Case description: Two middle aged group patients suffering from pain in the maxillary right cuspid and premolar region reported to the Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics. Pulp necrosis was diagnosed in 13 in both cases.....

Keywords: Root canal anatomy; Maxillary cuspid; Root canal treatment.

[1]. Vargo JW, Hartwell GR. Modified endodontics for lengthy canals. J Endod 1992;18:512-4
[2]. Black GV. Descriptive anatomy of the human teeth. 4th ed.Philadelphia: The SS White Dental Manufacturing Co,192:16-21
[3]. Bjorndal AM, Henderson WC, Skidmore AE, Kellner FH. Anatomic measurements of human teeth extracted from males between the ages of I7 and 21 years. ORAL SURG ORAL MED ORAL PATHOL 1974;38:791-803.
[4]. Zmener O. Caninos extra largos: revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso. Endodoncia 2003;21:151 -3. [5]. Booth JM

Abstract: Résumé L'hydrocéphalie obstructive est une anomalie qui se caractérise par un obstacle au niveau ventriculaire qui isole la corne inférieure ; alors que les plexus choroïdes continuent la sécrétion du liquide cérébrospinal. Il en résulte une dilatation de ce compartiment ventriculaire pouvant simuler parfois un processus expansif intraventriculaire. Elle peut être congénitale ou acquise lors d'événements qui se sont déroulés pendant ou après la naissance. L'obstruction est le plus souvent observée dans l'aqueduc de Sylvius mais aussi parfois au niveau du 4e ventricule. La prise en charge néonatale.....

[1]. Abderrahmen K, Gdoura Y, Kallel J, Jemel H, Corne temporale exclue, une forme rare d'hydrocéphalie obstructive : à propos de 5 cas, Neurochirurgie 62(2),108-112,2016
[2]. Clifford P. Infantile Hydrocephalus: some clinical and pathological aspects I Clinical aspects. East Afr Med J. 1963 Nov;40:534–44.
[3]. Cooke W. A case of Hydrocephalus Internus. Med Chir Trans. 1811;2:17–23.
[4]. Kapessa N D, Banza N I, Ntalaja J, Kibangula K T,Ngoie C N, Nyamezawa D B, Tshilombo K F, Kalau W A, Hydrocéphalie de l'enfant : aspects clinique, paraclinique et thérapeutique dans quatre formations médicales de Lubumbashi, PanAfrMedJ,2022 ;43 :114
[5]. Laeke T, Tirsit A, Biluts H, Murali D, Wester K. Pediatric Hydrocephalus in Ethiopia: Treatment Failures and Infections: A Hospital-Based, Retrospective Study. World Neurosurg. 2017 Avr;100:30–7.

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a radionuclide imaging technique with implications in diagnostic and therapeutic oncology. Due to the complexity in the technique and cost factor, this technique has not been popular among the general and specialty dental practitioners. This survey study utilizes the Likert item to evaluate the intensity of response toward the technical and practical aspects of PET scan in dentistry.....

Keywords: Anatomical and metabolic imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose, hot-spot

[1]. Townsend DW. Multimodality imaging of structure and function. Phys Med Biol, 2008; 53: RI-R39.
[2]. Bischof Delaloye A, Carrio I, Cuocolo A et al. FDG PET and PET/CT: EANM procedure guidelines for tumour PET imaging: Version 1.0. Eur J Nucl Med mol imaging. 2010;37: 181-200.
[3]. Beyer T, Antoch G, Mueller S et al, Acquisition protocol considerations for combined PET/CT imaging. J Nucl Med. 2004;45(suppl 1): 25S-35S.
[4]. Hausegger K, Reinpredit P, Kau T, et al. Clinical experience with a commercially available negative oral contrast medium in PET/CT. Rofo. 2005; 177:796-799.
[5]. Bither F, Dawood M, SteggerL L, et al. List mode-driven cardiac and respiratory gating in PET. J Nucl Med. 2009; 59: 674-681.

Abstract: Background: Sinonasal anatomic variants are commonly seen on sinus computed tomography (CT) scans. The most common ones are infraorbital ethmoidal (Haller) cells, Agger nasi cells, cells, nasal septal deviation, sphenoethmoidal (Onodi) and concha bullosa. Agger nasi cells are anterior ethmoidal air cells. In view of conflicting results of the presence or absence of associations of anatomical variants with chronic rhinosinusitis, the current study was undertaken.....

Keywords: Paranasal sinuses, Anatomical variations, Computed tomography, Rhinosinusitis, Prevalence

[1]. Hamid O, El Fiky L, Hassan O, Kotb A, El Fiky S. Anatomic variations of the sphenoid sinus and their impact on trans-sphenoid pituitary surgery. Skull Base. 2008;18:9–15.
[2]. Mathew R, Omami G, Hand A, et al. Cone beam CT analysis of Haller cells: prevalence and clinical significance. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2013;42:20130055.
[3]. Kantarci M, Karasen RM, Alper F, et al. Remarkable anatomic variations in paranasal sinus region and their clinical importance. Eur J Radiol. 2004;50:296–302.
[4]. Stallman JS, Lobo JN, Som PM. The incidence of concha bullosa and its relationship to nasal septal deviation and paranasal sinus disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2004;25:1613–1618.
[5]. Beale TJ, Madani G, Morley SJ. Imaging of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity: normal anatomy and clinically relevant anatomical variants. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2009;30:2–16

Abstract: Malrotation is a disease occurring more often in children. It can also present in adults with a nonspecific array of symptoms. Current statistics of malrotation are about 1in 500 live births, symptomatic presentation of malrotation occurs in 1 in 6000 live births. This case report is about a midgut malrotation in an adult male.
Malrotation in adults is often subacute with nonspecific presentation and hence it is often missed. A CT scan makes a diagnosis of the abdomen. Symptomatic patients can undergo Ladd's procedure by laparoscopic or open technique. Asymptomatic.....

Keywords: malrotation of gut, Midgut malrotation, renal agenesis, seminal vesicle agenesis, small bowel obstruction.

[1]. Torres AM, Ziegler MM. Malrotation of the intestine. World J Surg. 1993 May-Jun;17(3):326-31. doi: 10.1007/BF01658699. PMID: 8337878.
[2]. C.L. Berseth, Disorders of the intestines and pancrease, in: H.W.Taeusch, R.A. Ballard(Eds.), Avery's Dis. Newborn, 7th Edition, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1998, Page No.918.
[3]. Nehra D, Goldstein AM. Intestinal malrotation: varied clinical presentation from infancy through adulthood. Surgery. 2011 Mar;149(3):386-93. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2010.07.004. Epub 2010 Aug 17. PMID: 20719352.
[4]. Emanuwa OF, Ayantunde AA, Davies TW. Midgut malrotation first presenting as acute bowel obstruction in adulthood: a case report and literature review. World J Emerg Surg. 2011 Jul 29;6(1):22. doi: 10.1186/1749-7922-6-22. PMID: 21801417; PMCID: PMC3158108.
[5]. Bernstein SM, Russ PD. Midgut volvulus: a rare cause of acute abdomen in an adult patient. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998 Sep;171(3):639-41. doi: 10.2214/ajr.171.3.9725289. PMID: 9725289

Abstract: Background: Eye drop instillation increases the chance of contamination. It is primarily because of the risk of such contamination that pharmaceutical companies assign a label of "Use the medication within a month after opening the container" on all eye medication containers. Among the commonly isolated microbes are coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, S.aureus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Haemophilus, Enterobacter, Serratia, and Klebsiella. This study was planned to estimate the rate and type of microbial contamination of in-use eye drops among patients attending a rural tertiary care hospital.....

Keywords: Topical medications, Ocular diseases, infections, eye drops

[1]. Freeman PD, Kahook MY. Preservatives in topical ophthalmic medications: historical and clinical perspectives. Expert Rev Ophthalmol. 2009;4(1):59-64.
[2]. Tsegaw A, Tsegaw A, Abula T, Assefa Y. Bacterial contamination of multi-dose eye drops at ophthalmology department, University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2017; 24:81-6.
[3]. Teuchner B, Wagner J, Bechrakis NE, Orth-Höller D, Nagl M. Microbial contamination of glaucoma eyedrops used by patients compared with ocular medications used in the hospital. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(8)
[4]. Danny H, Jokl K, Wormser GP, Nichols NS, Montecalvo MA, Karmen CL. Bacterial contamination of ophthalmic solutions used in an extended care facility. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007; 91:1308-10.
[5]. Nentwich MM, Kollmann KH, Meshack J, Ilako DR, Schaller UC. Microbial contamination of multi-use ophthalmic solutions in Kenya. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007; 91:1265-8.

Abstract: Background: Glaucoma is a common cause of permanent vision loss worldwide, ranking second after cataracts. Around 40 million people aged 40 and older either have glaucoma or are at risk of developing it.Assessing the performance and reliability of various tonometers in diverse settings is crucial for optimizing glaucoma detection and management, especially in resource-limited environments. Objective: 1. To compare the effiacy of Shiotz and goldmann applanation tonometer Materials and Methods: 50 patients....

Keywords: Glaucoma, Intraocular pressure, Schitoz tonometer, Goldmann tonometer, Vision loss

[1]. Resnikaff S, Pascolini D. Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organ. 2004;82(11):844-5.
[2]. George R, Ramesh SV. Glaucoma in India: estimated burden of disease. J Glaucoma. 2010;19(6):391-7.
[3]. Sharma H, Nainiwal SK. Intraocular pressure measurement techniques: current concepts and review. Indian J Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2020;6(3):315-23.
[4]. Kniestedt C, Lin S. Tonometer through the ages. J Ophthalmic Surg. 2008;53:568-91.
[5]. Stevens GA, White RA, Flaxman SR, Price H, Jonas JB, Keeffe J, et al. Global prevalence of vision impairment and blindness: magnitude and temporal trends, 1990–2010. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(12):2377-2384.

Abstract: Résumé Le ventricule unique est une malformation congénitale rare qui se caractérise par la présence d'un seul ventricule cardiaque. C'est une cardiopathie congénitale dont le pronostic est sévère avec plus de 70% de décès avant l'âge de 16 ans. Et pourtant, il existe des cas découverts à l'âge adulte ou suivis depuis l'enfance non traités chirurgicalement. La prise en charge chirurgicale permet une amélioration de ce pronostic. Les auteurs rapportent un cas de ventricule unique découvert à l'âge d'un mois.

[1]. Adehossi E , Youssoufa S, Brah S, Daou S, Bako H, Tahirou I, Hamadou A , Coeur univentriculaire à révélation tardive au Niger, RAFMI 2017 ; 4 (2) : 35-37.
[2]. Backer CL. The Functionally Univentricular Heart. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012; 59(13):1186–7.
[3]. Bajolle F. Embryologie cardiaque. Arch Pédiatrie. 2011;18(5, Supplément 1):H138– 9.
[4]. Bensemlali, Myriam, 2018. Ventricules uniques. In : 4 avril 2018. pp. 72.
[5]. Bedraoui Mariam, la chirurgie des coeurs univentriculaires chez l'enfant, expérience de l'unité médico-chirurgicale de cardiologie pédiatrique CHU de FES,2017. Thèse N0 : 126/17.

Abstract: Background: Tooth resorption is a multifactorial inflammatory process that involves the degeneration of dental tissues due to traumatic and/or infectious factors. Proper disinfection and sealing of root canals significantly influence the success of endodontic treatment. Anatomical changes in resorptions can complicate treatment, necessitating the use of photodynamic therapy in conjunction with Bio C-Repair bioceramic cement. This study aims to demonstrate the causes and treatment of external apical resorption through a case report. Materials and Methods: A 33-year.....

Keywords: Endodontics; Root resorption; Tooth Root; Calcium Hydroxide; Laser Therapy.

[1]. Ahangari Z, Nasser M, Mahdian M, Fedorowicz Z, Marchesan MA. Interventions for the management of external root resorption (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Nov;(11):CD008003. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008003.pub2.
[2]. Endo MS, Gonçalves CS, Morais CAH, Kitayama VS, Martin FC, Pavan NNO. Internal and external root resorption: diagnosis and clinical management. MUDI Arch. 2015;19(2-3):43-52.
[3]. Minuzzi ED. External tooth resorption: literature review and clinical case report. Post-Graduation Monograph Endodontics. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. 2017;19.
[4]. Camargo SEA, Moraes MEL, Moraes LC, Camargo CHR. Main clinical and radiographic characteristics of internal and external root resorptions. J Dent City Univ Sao Paulo. 2008 May-Aug;20(2):195-203.
[5]. Darcey J, Qualtrough A. Root resorption: Simplifying diagnosis and improving outcomes. Prim Dent J. 2016 May;5(2)..

Abstract: Maxillofacial prosthetics plays a pivotal role in restoring function and aesthetics for patients with a variety of conditions, including congenital deformities, acquired defects, and post-surgical reconstructions. This article provides an overview of the field, emphasizing its importance in addressing complex healthcare challenges, such as mucormycosis cases in individuals recovering from COVID-19. The objectives of maxillofacial prosthetics include restoring aesthetics and function, protecting tissues, providing therapeutic effects, and offering psychological therapy...

[1]. Thomas D Taylor, editor. Clinical maxillofacial prosthetics. Carol stream, Illinois: Quintessence Publishing Co; 2000.
[2]. Phasuk K, Haug SP. Maxillofacial prosthetics. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics. 2018 Nov 1;30(4):487-97.
[3]. Glossary of Prosthodontic Terminology 1999
[4]. Obturator prosthesis design for acquired maxillary defects Ronald P. Desjardins, D.M.D., M.S.D.* Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minn.
[5]. Chalian, V. A., Drane, J. B., and Standish, S. M.: Maxillofacial Prosthetics. Baltimore, 1971, The Williams & Wilkins Company..

Abstract: INTRODUCTION Fractures of distal radius remain the most common fractures treated in emergency departments ,Which are managed surgically by locking compression plate.There are pitfalls,advantages and disadvantages in this method....

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