iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2024

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of foot ulcers in T2DM patients varies geographically and across different populations. Several studies have reported prevalence rates ranging from 4% to 10% globally, with higher rates in older adults and those with longer diabetes duration. The implications of foot ulcers are physical discomfort, hospitalization, prolonged treatment, and increased economic burden on both patients and healthcare systems.
Objective: The aim of this study was to study the prevalence and risk factors for foot ulcers in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.....

Key words :Diabetic foot ulcer, Prevalence, risk factors

[1] Diagnosis And Classification Of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009 Jan;32(Suppl 1):S62–7.
[2] Stetson B, Minges Ke, Richardson Cr. New Directions For Diabetes Prevention And Management In Behavioral Medicine. J Behav Med. 2017 Feb;40(1):127–44.
[3] Dayya D, O'neill Oj, Huedo-Medina Tb, Habib N, Moore J, Iyer K. Debridement Of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Adv Wound Care. 2022 Dec 1;11(12):666–86.
[4] Akhtar S, Ali A, Ahmad S, Khan Mi, Shah S, Hassan F. The Prevalence Of Foot Ulcers In Diabetic Patients In Pakistan: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 25;10:1017201.
[5] Hokkam En. Assessment Of Risk Factors In Diabetic Foot Ulceration And Their Impact On The Outcome Of The Disease. Prim Care Diabetes. 2009 Nov 1;3(4):219–24.

Abstract: Background: Nickel titanium wire is one of active component in orthodontic treatment. It placed in in the oral cavity and will contact with all elements in oral cavity for long period of time, especially saliva, which affects metal properties of orthodontic wire. The wire in oral cavity undergoes a corrosion process that results in the detachment of the metal elements that make up the wire. Green betel leaf ethanol extract (Piper betle Linn) consist of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These compounds will form a protective film on metal surface through the adsorption of ions to the metal surface.....

Key words : Nickel-Titanium wire; Piper betle Linn ethanol extract; Corrosion rate..

[1]. Littlewood SJ, Mitchell L. An Introduction To Orthodontics. 5th Ed. United Kingdom: Oxford University, 2019: 226-34. [2]. Alam MK. A To Z Orthodontics. Volume 10 : Removable Appliance. 1st Ed., Bharu:PSPP Publication, 2012: 3-28.
[3]. Lestari N. Hubungan Penggunaan Alat Ortodontik Cekat Terhadap Akumulasi Plak Dan Ph Saliva Mahasiswa FKG-UMI Tahun 2017. Journal Of Chemical Information And Modeling, 2018 Pp.126-133.
[4]. Pataijindachote, J., Juntavee, N., & Viwattanatipa, N. Corrosion Analysis Of Orthodontic Wires: An Interaction Study Of Wire Type, Ph And Immersion Time. Advances In Dentistry & Oral Health, 10(1), 1-7. 2018
[5]. Aditya, G., Santoso, O., Suromo, L., & Nugraha, R. M.. Correlation Of Surface Roughness And Friction Resistance In Orthodontics. Odonto: Dental Journal, 2022; 9(1), 153-157.

Abstract: Résumé : La cholangite biliaire primitive (CBP) et la maladie de Wilson (MW) peuvent entraîner une accumulation de cuivre dans le foie, provoquant ainsi des lésions importantes aux cellules hépatiques. La concurrence de la CBP et de la MW est rare. Il y a peu de cas rapportés où la CBP et la MW coexistent simultanément. Nous décrivons.....

[1] M P Salaspurot, P Pikkarainen, P Sipponen, E Vuori, And T A Miettinen. Hepatic Copper In Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: Biliary Excretion And Response To Penicillamine Treatment. From The Second Department Of Medicine, Division Of Gastroenterology, University Central Hospital Of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [2] O Epstein, B Arborgh, M Sagiv, R Wroblewski, P J Scheuer, And S Sherlock. Is Copper Hepatotoxic In Primary Biliary Cirrhosis?
[3] Poupon, Marshall Kaplan, Nora V. Bergasa, And E. Jenny Heathcote. Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Keith D. Lindor, M. Eric Gershwin, Raoul Hepatology, Vol. 50, No. 1, 2009 [4] S. Goldfischer, H. Popper, And I. Sternlieb. The Significance Of Variations In The Distribution Of Copper In Liver Disease. The American Journal Of Pathology. 1980 Jun; 99(3): 715–730. [5] Easl Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Diagnosis And Management Of Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis. J Hepatol 2017;67:145-72..

Abstract: During and after fixed orthodontic treatment, one of the biggest challenges is the decalcification of enamel around the appliances, which manifests as white spot lesions (WSLs). The objective of this article is to present a summary of the data demonstrating the efficiency of the most popular mouthwashes in treating white spot lesions. This article aims to provide an overview of the evidence of the effectiveness of the most widely used mouthwashes in managing white spot lesions

Keywords: Demineralization, mouthwashes, oral hygiene, orthodontic treatment, white spot lesions (WSLs).

[1] Summit Jb, Robbin Jw, Hilton Tj, Schartz Rs. Fundamentals Of Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach, 3RD Edition Chapter 1, Pg.2- 4.
[2] Featherstone Jd. The Science And Practice Of Caries Prevention. The Journal Of The American Dental Association. 2000 Jul 1;131(7):887-99.
[3] Lundström F, Krasse B. Streptococcus Mutans And Lactobacilli Frequency In Orthodontic Patients; The Effect Of Chlorhexidine Treatments. The European Journal Of Orthodontics. 1987 Jan 1;9(1):109-16.
[4] Chang Hs, Walsh Lj, Freer Tj. Enamel Demineralization During Orthodontic Treatment. Aetiology And Prevention. Australian Dental Journal. 1997 Oct;42(5):322-7.
[5] Årtun J, Brobakken Bo. Prevalence Of Carious White Spots After Orthodontic Treatment With Multibonded Appliances. The European Journal Of Orthodontics. 1986 Nov 1;8(4):229-34

Abstract: The current trend in orthodontics is incorporation of methods to expedite the treatment while achieving a satisfactory outcome by increasing the rate of orthodontic tooth movement as well as increasing treatment efficiency. Inspired by the regional acceleratory phenomenon, researchers have made numerous efforts to utilize this phenomenon to deliberately increase......

Keywords: Micro-Osteoperforation [MOP], Orthodontic Tooth Movement[OTM]

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Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a disease of metabolic dysregulation, primarily of carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose) that results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. It is generally accepted that there is an association between diabetes and periodontitis.Various studies were done to find the mechanism behind this reciprocal relationship. Chronic periodontal infection leads to an increase in serum tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 and C-reactive proteins. The increase in these.....

[1] Antonio Bascones-Martinezet Al. Periodontal Disease And Diabetes-Review Of The Literature. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011;16 (6):722-9.
[2] Mohan V, Anbalagan Vp. Expanding Role Of The Madras Diabetes Research Foundation – Indian Diabetes Risk Score In Clinical Practice. Ind J Endocrinmetabol 2013;17: 31-36
[3] Tara B. Taiyeb –Ali Et Al. Relationship Between Periodontal Disease And Diabetes Mellitus: An Asian Perspective. Periodontology 2000.2011; 56: 258–268.
[4] Fusanori Nishimura Et Al. The Periodontal Host Response With Diabetes. Periodontology 2000.2007; 43: 245–253.
[5] Shah N. Oral And Dental Diseases: Causes, Prevention And Treatment Strategies. Ncmh Background Papers: Burden Of Diseases In India; 275-298

Abstract: Forensic Odontology, the application of dental science in legal investigations, has emerged as a crucial discipline in identifying victims & perpetrators through dental evidences. Dental profiling, a specific branch of Forensic Odontology, involves the analysis & interpretation of dental characteristics for establishing individual identities. This paper explores the recent advancements in dental profiling techniques & their significance in modern forensic investigations. Traditional Dental Profiling methods, such as- Dental Records Comparison & Radiographic analysis, have been instrumental in victim identification & criminal investigations. However, the advent of digital technologies has revolutionized the field, offering more accurate, efficient & comprehensive approaches. Digital...

Keywords: Victim Identification, Criminal Investigations, Digital Dental Imaging, Tooth Print Analysis, Bite Mark Analysis, Cheiloscopy, Genetic Profiling, Legal Considerations.

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Abstract: Introduction: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) prevalence is declining globally to about 5-10%, particularly in developed countries, yet complications like bleeding, perforation, and obstruction still result in around 150,000 hospitalisations annually. Major complications include upper GI bleeding and perforation, with the latter having a high mortality rate (about 30%) and necessitating urgent surgical and sepsis management.
Case Report: A 45-year-old male in severe shock with acute abdominal pain and signs of peritonitis underwent emergency investigations revealing pneumoperitoneum. Post-resuscitation, an exploratory laparotomy identified a prepyloric perforation....

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[2] Kempenich JW, Sirinek KR. Acid Peptic Disease. Surg Clin North Am. 2018 Oct;98(5):933-44
[3] Lau JY, Sung J, Hill C, Henderson C, Howden CW, Metz DC. Systematic review of complicated peptic ulcer disease epidemiology: incidence, recurrence, risk factors and mortality. Digestion. 2011;84(2):102-13
[4] Søreide K, Thorsen K, Harrison EM, Bingener J, Møller MH, Ohene-Yeboah M, Søreide JA. Perforated peptic ulcer. Lancet. 2015 Sep 26;386(10000):1288-98
[5] Gona SK, Alassan MK, Marcellin KG, Henriette KY, Adama C, Toussaint A, et al. Postoperative morbidity and mortality of perforated peptic ulcer: Retrospective cohort study of risk factors among black Africans in Côte d'Ivoire. Gastroenterol Res Pract.2016.