iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2016

Abstract: Intrduction: Of the several etiological factors of cataract, diabetes is one and most common cause. In diabetes, cataract may develop as early as 40 years of age. Several previous studies have shown elevated sodiumlevel in senile cataract cases. Aqueous humour and serum organic and inorganic ions are analogous. Based on this the aim of the study is to establish a relation of serum and aqueous humour electrolytes in.............

Keywords: Electrolytes ; diabetes ; serum ; aqueous :cataract

[1]. A K Khurana, Indu Khurana Anatomy and Physiology of Eye, page 105.
[2]. J.J. Harding , M. Egerton, R. Van Heyningen, and R.S. Harding, "Diabetes, glaucoma, sex, and cataract: analysis of combined data
from two case control studies," British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 77, no. 1 pp. 2-6, 1993.
[3]. H. A. Khan, H.M. Leibowitz, J.P.Ganley, et al, "The Framingham eye study. II. Association of ophthalmic pathology with single
variables previously measured in the Framingham heart study," American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.106, no. 1, pp. 33-41, 1977.
[4]. J. H. Kinoshita, "Mechanisms initiating cataract formation. Proctor lecture," Investigative Ophthalmology, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 713-
724, 1974.
[5]. J. H. Kinoshita, S. Fukushi, P.Kador, and L. O. Merola, " Aldose reductase in diabetic complications of the eye," Metabolism, vol.
28, no. 4, pp. 462-469,1979.

Abstract: Non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most frequent malignancies in children and adolescents. It represents lymphoid malignancies with diverse clinicopathological and biological features. There are very few studies on the frequency and distribution of NHL in this age group classified according to the WHO classification of 2008.......

Keywords: Adolescent, Burkitt lymphoma, children, lymphoblastic, non -Hodgkin

[1]. Sandlund JT, Downing JR and Crist WM: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in childhood. N Engl J Med 334: 1238-1248, 1996.
[2]. Parkin DM, Bray F,Ferlay J,et al (2005)Global cancer statistics,2002. CA Cancer J Clin, 55, 74-108.
[3]. Swaminathan R, Rama R, Shanta V. Childhood cancers in Chennai, India, 1990-2001: incidence and survival. Int J Cancer
[4]. 2008; 122:2607-2611.
[5]. Jaffe ES, Harris NL, Stein H, et al: Introduction and overview of the classification of the lymphoid neoplasms. In: WHO
Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein
H, Thiele J and Vardiman JW (eds). 4th edition. IARC Press, Lyon, pp157-166, 2008.

Abstract: Objectives: 1. To evaluate the role of mammography and sonomammography independently and in combination and correlating with FNAC for early diagnosis of breast lesions. 2.Benign To study the characteristics of mammography and sonomammography in detecting breast lesions and differentiating from benign and malignant lesions........

[1]. Luz A. Venta ,R. Edward Hendrick Bena D , Benign and malignant breast lesions;Mammographic and Sonographic findings,American journal of Radiology 2009; 121-124
[2]. Cole Benglet. Sorieno R2,Kentz AB et al. Fibroadenoma of breast sonomammography Correlated with pathology in 122 patients. American Journal of Radiography 1983
[3]. Fornage BD, Toubas O, Morel M. Clinical, Mammographic and sonographic determination of preoperative breast cancer Journal of Surgical Oncology 2004 765-771
[4]. Stavros AT, Thickman D, Rapp CL, Dennis MA, Parker SH, Sisney GA. Sold breast nodules; use of Sonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions . American journal of Radiology 2007
[5]. Michael A cohen , Steven J Ferlazza. Role of Sonography in Evaluation of Radial Scars of the Breast. American journal of Radiology 2000; 1075-1078.

Abstract: Background: Compressive Myelopathy is the term used to describe the spinal cord compression either from outside or within the cord itself. MRI is used to diagnose this problem Materials&methods: A cross sectional study of 50 patients with clinical features of compressive myelopathy are evaluated for various causes by 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner.......

Keywords: MRI, compressive myelopathy,trauma, neoplasm, metastases.

[1]. Kulkarni MV, McArdle CB, Kapanicky D, Miner M, Cotler HB, Lee KF, et al. Acute Spinal Cord Injury. MR Imaging at 1.5 T: Radiology. 1987; 164: 837-843.
[2]. Kerslake RW, Jaspan T, Worthington BS. Magnetic resonance Imaging of Spinal trauma: The British Journal of Radiology. 1991; 64:386-402.
[3]. Yamashita Y, Takahashi M, Matsuno Y, Kojima R, Sakamoto Y, Oguni T, et al. Acute Spinal cord Injury. Magnetic resonance Imaging correlated with myelopahty: The British Journal of Radiology. 1991; 64:201-209.
[4]. Hackney DB, Asata R, Sci DM, Joseph PM, Carvlin MJ, McGrath JT, Grossman RI, et al. Hemorrhage and edema in Acute spinal cord compression. Demonstration by MR Imaging: Radiology. 1986; 161:387-390.
[5]. Ahmed N, Akram H, Qureshi IA. Role of MRI in differentiating various causes of non-traumatic paraparesis and tetraparesis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2004, Oct;14(10):596-600.

Abstract: Background: Ocular involvement in HIV infection/AIDS is very common.The severity of these lesions increases as the immune competency decreases, leading to visual impairment. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and the types of HIV associated ocular conditions and their effect on the vision in patients with HIV/AIDS........

Keywords: Ocular Manifestations, HIV, AIDS, ART Centre

[1]. WHO/UNAIDS/UNICEF(2011) " Global HIV/AIDS response: Epidemic update and health sector progress towards universal
access" 2011.
[2]. NACO(2011) Annual report 2010-2011.
[3]. Holland GN, Pepose JS, Pettit TH, Gottlieb MS, Yee RD, Foos RY. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Ocular manifestations.
Ophthalmology. 1993; 90:859-73
[4]. Holland GN, Gottlieb MS, Yee RD. Ocular disorders associated with a new severe acquired cellular immunodeficiency syndrome.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1982; 93:393–02.
[5]. Biswas J, Madhavan HN, George AE, Kumarasamy N, Solomon S. Ocular lesions associated with HIV infection in India: A series
of 100 consecutive patients evaluated at a referral centre. Am J Ophthalmol. 2000; 129:9–15.

Abstract: Background and Objectives : Fine needle Aspiration cytology (FNAC) plays an important role in the evaluation of the nodules in the thyroid gland & selection of patients for surgical treatment. The present study was undertaken with the following aims and objectives......

Keywords: Colloid goiter; fine needle aspiration cytology; thyroid; thyroid neoplasms.

[1]. Gharib H. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules: Advantages, limitations, and effect Moyo Clin Proc. 1 994;69:44-9.
[2]. Gerhard R, da Cunha Santos G. Inter and intraobserver reproducibility of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: an analysis of
discrepant cases. Cytopathology. 2007; 124: 239-244.
[3]. Welker MJ, Orlov D. Thyroid nodules. Am Family Physician. 2003; 67:559-66. 5.
[4]. Baloch ZW, Cibas ES, Clark DP, Layfield LJ, Ljung BM, et al. The national cancer Institute Thyroid fine needle aspiration state of
the science conference: A summation. Cytojournal. 2008: 5:6.
[5]. Chan BK, Desser TS, McDougall IR, Weigel RJ, Jeffrey RB. Common and uncommon sonographic features of papillary thyroid
carcinoma. J Ultrasound Med. 2003 ; 22: 1083-90.

Abstract: Aim:To evaluate the impact of systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis on microbiology of neck abscesses and to express the role of conservative treatment in management of neck abscesses. Keywords : Diabetic , Tuberculosis , Bacteriology , Dental caries , Neck abscess , Retropharyngeal abscess , Antibiotic . Para pharyngeal abscess.......

Keywords: ..............

[1]. Boscolo-Rizzo P, Marchiori C, Montolli F, Vaglia A, Da Mosto MC. Deep neck infections: a constant challenge. ORL J OtorhinolarynogolRelat Spec 2006; 68:259-65.
[2]. Vieira F, Allen SM, Stocks RSM, Thompson JW. Deep neck infection. OtolaryngolClin N Am 2008; 41:459-83.
[3]. Lee J, Kim H, Lim S. Predisposing factors of complicated deep neck infection: an analysis of 158 cases. Yonsei Med J 2008; 48:55-62.
[4]. AmoghHegde, Suyash Mohan, Winston Eng Hoe Lim. Infections of the deep neck spaces Singapore Med J 2012; 53(5) : 305-11.
[5]. Har-El G, Aroesty JH, Shaha A, Lucente FE. Changing trends in deep neck abscess. A retrospective study of 110 patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1994; 77:446-50.

Abstract: Introduction: Goblet cells secrete high molecular weight glycoprotein known as mucin which forms a protective mucus blanket throughout the G.I.T. The present work characterizes histochemically different types of mucin in colonic goblet cells & makes a comparative study in animal species of different food habit.......

Keywords: Goblet cells, Mucin, Ascending colon.

[1]. Moe, H. (1955): On goblet cell,especially of the intestine of some mammalian species Int.Rev.cytol,,4,pp 299-334.
[2]. Freeman 'J.A. (1966): Goblet cell fine structure. Anatomical RecordVol.154, pp 121-147.
[3]. Leblond,C.P.& B. Messier (1958): renewal of chief cells and goblet cells in the small intestine as shown by radioautography after injection of thymidine H into mice. Anat.Rec.132: 247-259.
[4]. Jeanloz,R.W.(1960):The nomenclature of mucopolysaccharides. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 3, 233-237.
[5]. Spicer, S.S. & Meyer D.B. (1960): Histochemical differentiation of acid mucopolysaccharides by means of combined alcian blue-aldehyde fuchsin staining. Techn.Bull.Reg.Med. 30: 53-60.

Abstract: Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. It is an important risk factor for blindness, vascular disease, brain diseases renal failure, and limb amputations. DM is increasing in developing countries due to unhealthy lifestyle, rapid westernization, and poor knowledge and practice of disease.......

Keywords: Attitude, Diabetes Mellitus, knowledge, practice, Primary Health Center

[1]. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes
mellitus. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1999. WHO/NCD/NCS/99.
[2]. Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, Wilson JD. Harrison's Principle of Internal medicine, Mcgraw-Hill, 14th Edition,1998; 2:2060-2080
[3]. Hall V, Thomsen RW, Henriksen O, Lohse N. Diabetes in Sub-Sahara Africa 1999- 2011: Epidemology and public health
implication ,a systematic review , BMC public health, 2011; 11(564):1-12.
[4]. Adibah H, Idris MN Osman ali. Perception and behaviour of diabetic patients on blood glucose maintenance. Int. J. Diab. Dev.
Countries 1998; 18: 71-74.
[5]. Al Shafaee MA, Al-Shukaili S, Rizvi SG, Al Farsi Y, Khan MA, Ganguly SS et al. Knowledge and perceptions of diabetes in a
semi-urban Omani population. BMC Public Health. 2008; 8:249-251.

Abstract: Background: Lens induced glaucomas are a common occurrence in rural areas of India. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern and visual outcome in LIG cases Methods: This cross sectional study was based on the patients with LIG, who attended the Ophthalmic OPD, Government general hospital, Kakinada. All the patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, which included both anterior and posterior segment evaluation.......

Keywords: Lens Induced Glaucoma, Intraocular Pressure, Cataract

[1]. Ramakrishnan R.SecondaryGlaucomas :The Tasks Ahead. Community Eye Health 2001;14 (39):40-42
[2]. Georgalas DPI, Kourtis N, Krassas A, et al. Lens-induced glaucoma in the elderly.Clin Interven Aging J 2009:4; 333-36
[3]. Sihota R, Tandon R. The Glaucoma in: Parsons diseases of the eye 19th edition. Butterworth-Heine mann 2003.pp. 277-80
[4]. Dada T, Kumar S, Gadia R, Aggarwal A, Gupta V, Sihota R. Sutureless single-port trans conjunctival pars plana limited vitrectomy
combined with phacoemulsification for management of phacomorphic glaucoma. J Cataract Refract Surg 2007; 33:951-54
[5]. Epstein DL. Diagnosis and management of lens induced glaucoma. Ophthalmol 1982: 89: 227 -30

Abstract: Background: Upper abdominal surgical procedures are associated with a high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), which are defined as pulmonary abnormalities occurring in postoperative period which produce clinically significant, identifiable disease or dysfunction that adversely affects the patients' clinical course. Despite recent advances in preoperative management, postoperative respiratory morbidity is still a common problem especially following upper abdominal surgery......

Keywords: lung volumes , Spirometry ,ventilation patterns , elective upper abdominal surgery.

[1]. O'Donohue WJ Jr. Postoperative pulmonary complications: when are preventive and therapeutic measures necessary? Postgrad Med 1992; 91:167–170, 173–175.
[2]. Morton AP. Respiratory preparation for abdominal surgery. Med J Aust 1973;1:1300-4
[3]. Ephgrave KS, Kleiman-Wexler R, Pfaller M, et al. Postoperative pneumonia: a prospective study of risk factors and morbidity. Surgery 1993; 114:815-21
[4]. Wightman JAK.A prospective survey of the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. Br J Surg 1968; 55:85–91
[5]. Martin LF, Asher EF, Casey JM, Fry DE. Postoperative pneumonia. Arch Surg 1984;119:379-83.

Abstract: With dearth of research regarding normative nasalance computation in Indian tonal languages like Manipuri, it is essential to study the effect of nasalance variation in Manipuri using Nasal View and NasometerII. The present study aimed to compare and establish variations in mean nasalance in Manipuri language as measured using Nasal View and NasometerII.A total of 60 subjects within the age range of 18 to 40 years wereequally divided into two groups Group I and II each consisting of 30 males and 30 females........

Keywords: Nasalance, Manipuri, Nasometer II, Nasal View, Normal speakers.

[1]. Anderson, R. T. (1996). Nasometric values for normal Spanish-speaking females: a preliminary report. The Cleft palate-craniofacial
journal, 33(4), 333-336.
[2]. Awan, S. N., & Powell, T. W. (1996). Development of a low-cost nasalance acquisition system. Pathologies of Speech and Language: Contributions of Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics. New Orleans, LA: International Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics
Association, 1-217.
[3]. Awan, S. N. (1998). Analysis of nasalance: NasalView. Clinical Phonetics andLinguistics.London:Whurr-Publishers, 518-525.
[4]. Arya, p., (2009). Normative nasalance value in Hindi language. Unpublished dissertation submitted to the University of Mysore,
Mysore (personal communication).
[5]. Bressmann, T., Sader, R., Awan, S., Busch, R., Zeilhofer, H. F., &Horch, H. H. (1999).Quantitative Hypernasalitätsdiagnostikbei
LKG-PatientendurchcomputerisierteNasalanzmessung. Mund-,Kiefer-und Gesichtschirurgie, 3(1), 154-157.

Abstract: The fractures of the anterior teeth are a common form of dental trauma that mainly affects children and adolescents. One of the therapeutic options for managing coronal tooth fractures when the tooth fragment is available and there is no or minimal violation of the biological width is the Autogenous reattachment of the dental fragment.. Reattachment of fractured fragment can provide good and long lasting esthetics. This is a report of a 12 -year follow-up of a coronal fracture case successfully treated using tooth fragment reattachment.

Keywords: Composite resins, coronal fracture, fragment reattachment

[1]. Olsburgh S, Jacoby T, Krejci I. Crown fractures in the permanent dentition: pulpal and restorative considerations. Dent Traumatol
2002;18(3):103-115.
[2]. Andreasen FM, Noren JG, Andreasen JO, et al. Long‑term survival of fragment bonding in the treatment of fractured crowns.
Quintessence Int 1995;26:669-681.
[3]. .Baratieri LN, Ritter AV, Junior SM, Filho JCM. Tooth fragment reattachment: an alternative for restoration of fractured anterior
teeth. Pract Periodont Aesthet Dent 1998;10:115-127.
[4]. Abu-Hussein M ., Watted N ., Abdulgani A,;Eshetics,biological and restorative consideration in coronal segment reattachment for
fractured teeth. Int J Dent Health Sci 2015; 2(4): 998-1004
[5]. Abu-Hussein M ., Watted N ., Abdulgani A, , Abu-Shilabayeh H .. Anterior Dental Esthetics in Primary Teeth.International Journal
of Public Health Research. Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015, pp. 25-36.

Abstract: In India tobacco is consumed in smoked and smokeless form. It is a proven fact that tobacco consumption leads to oral cancer. The pre cancerous lesions can be detected for up to 15 years prior to their change to invasive carcinoma. Intervention at this stage may result in regression of the lesion. In spite of knowing the history of tobacco addiction, the health care personnel do not make an attempt to examine the oral cavity of the patient and counsel on the various ill effects of tobacco on health........

Keywords: Ill effects of tobacco, Precancerous lesions, screening

[1]. K.PARK,CANCER,IN PARK'S(23RD EDITION),TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE,(JABALPUR INDIA,2015)381-392
[2]. Mehta, F.S. et al. Bull WHO, 60(3)1982, 441-446.
[3]. Gupta P.C. et al. Community dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 8, 1980, 287-333.
[4]. WHO. Bull WHO, 62 (6), 1984, 817-830.
[5]. Dr. J.V.Dixit, Principles and practice of biostatistics (M/S Banarsidas Bhanot publishers, Jabalpur, India, 2011)

Abstract: Some researches were done for adult patients concerning the gingival health and its relation to alkaline phosphatase (AlP) level in saliva among different blood groups; others were done concerning the gingival health and its relation to (AlP)level in intestinal fluid or in gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) in pediatric patients. So this studywas conducted among primary school children aged 6-8years in order to find the salivary secretor status of AB blood group in relation to gingival health condition expressed by plaque index and gingival index on one hand, and the salivary alkaline phosphatase related to gingival health on the other hand........

Keywords: ABO, Saliva, Children, AlP.

[1] Nakashima K, Roechrich N, Cimasoni G. Osteocalcin, prostaglandin E2 and alkaline phosphatases in gingival cervical fluid: their
relation to periodontal status. J ClinPeriodontol. 1994;21:327e333.
[2] Chapple ILC, Socransky SS, Dibart S, Glenwright ILD, MathewsJB.Chemiluminescent assay to alkaline phosphatases in human
gingival cervical fluid: investigations with on experimental gingivitis model and studies on the source of the enzyme within cervical
fluid. J ClinPeriodontol. 1996;23:587e594.
[3] Lamster IB, Kaufman E, Grbic JT, Winston LJ, Singer RE. Beta-glucuronidase activity in saliva: Relationship to clinical
periodontal parameters. J Periodontol 2003; 74(3):353-9.
[4] Craig RG, Kotanko P, Kamer AR, Levin NW. Periodontal diseases - A modifiable source of systemic inflammation for the endstage
renal disease patient on haemodialysis therapy? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007;22(2):312-5.
[5] McCulloch MW. Host enzymes in gingival crevical fluid as diagnostics indicators of periodontitis. J ClinPeriodontol 1994;21:497-
506

Abstract: Acute intestinal obstructionis a surgical emergency globally with high morbidity and mortality. It constitutes a major cause of morbidity and financial expenditure in hospitals around the world and a significant cause of admissions to emergency surgical department`s immediate and correct diagnosis of the etiology is essential. The clinical picture, however of these patients along with management remains controversial........

Keywords: Acute mechanical bowel obstruction,clinical presentation,etiology,management,outcome.

[1] Barnett, W.O., Petro, A.B. &Willimason, J.W. A current appraisal of problems with gangrenous bowel. Ann Surg 1976, 183:
653-659.
[2] Lefall, L.D. &Syphax, B. Clinical aids in strangulation intestinal obstruction. Am J Surg 1970, 120: 756-759.
[3] SouvikAdhikari, Mohammed Zahid Hossein, Amitabha Das, NilenjanMitra, Udipta Ray. Etiology and outcome of acute intestinal
obstruction: A review of 367 patients in Eastern India. The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology 2010; 16(4):285-7.
[4] Jahangir Sarwar Khan, Junaid Alam, Hamid Hassan, Mohammed Iqbal. Pattern of intestinal obstruction a hospital based study.
Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 2007 Dec 4.
[5] Ros PR, Huprich JE. ACR Appropriateness Criteria on suspected small-bowel obstruction. J Am CollRadiol. 2006; 3(11):838-841.

Abstract: Taurodontism is a morpho-anatomical developmental anomaly, which is seen infrequently in teeth only. It is characterized by a deficiency in the constriction at the cement-enamel junction, with lengthened pulp chamber and apical displacement of the pulpal floor. This report presents a case of bilateral taurodontism which were pulpally involved. Endodontic treatment was done for both the teeth and stainless steel crown was placed.

Keywords: Bilateral, Hypotaurodontism, Endodontic challenge.

[1]. Tsesis I, Shifman A, Kaufman AY. Taurodontism: an endodontic challenge. Report of a case. J Endod 2003;29:353– 355.
[2]. Chaparro Gonzalez NT, Leidenz Bermudez JS, Gonzalez Molina EM, Padilla Olmedillo JR. Multiple bilateral taurodontism. A case
report. J Endod 2010; 36:1095–1097.
[3]. Hamner JE III, Witkop CJ Jr, Metro PS. Taurodontism. Report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1964;18:409–418.
[4]. Terezhalmy GT, Riley CK, Moore WS. Clinical images in oral medicine and maxillofacial radiology. Taurodontism. Quintessence
Int 2001;32:254–255.
[5]. Llamas R, Jimenez-Planas A. Taurodontism in premolars. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993;75:501–505.

Abstract: Depression is among the most common neuropsychiatric disorders and is responsible for a high burden to both society and the health care system. It is characterized by increasing incidence and affects all ages, while being more prevalent among women. Treatment for depression has been modulated according to the underlying pathogenesis and it is crucial to explore all pathways in order to better treat patients. Research has shown that depression has many causative factors, from gene involvement to immunological factors........

Keywords: Depression, oxidative stress, pathogenesis, treatment

[1]. Michalak, E.E., et al., Prevalence and risk factors for depression in a rural setting. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology,
2002. 37(12): p. 567-571.
[2]. Steffens, D.C., et al., Prevalence of depression and its treatment in an elderly population: the Cache County study. Archives of
General Psychiatry, 2000. 57(6): p. 601-607.
[3]. Kockler, M. and R. Heun, Gender differences of depressive symptoms in depressed and nondepressed elderly persons. International
Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2002. 17(1): p. 65-72.
[4]. Courtenay, W.H., Engendering health: A social constructionist examination of men's health beliefs and behaviors. Psychology of
Men & Masculinity, 2000. 1(1): p. 4.
[5]. Association, A.P., Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). 2013: American Psychiatric Pub.