iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2016

Abstract: Intraarticular administration of tranexamic acid (TEA) reduces blood loss in post total knee arthroplasty (TKA).We carried out a case control study evaluating the effect of intraarticular tranexamic acid on postoperative hemoglobin, blood units transfused, total drain output on day1, day2 in 50 patients (25 study group and 25 control group) undergoing unilateral/bilateral TKA. Significant reduction in total drain output was found in study group as compared to the control group. Postoperative hemoglobin was found to be low in control group.So the intraarticular use of tranexamic acid reduces postoperative blood loss and the need for blood transfusion is minimized.

Keywords: Intraarticular,Tranexamic acid, Knee replacement,Blood loss

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[2]. Saleh KJ,Santos ER, Ghomrawi HM, Parvizi J,Mulhall KJ,Socieoeconomic issues and demographics in total knee arthroplasty revision .Clin Orhop Relat Res.2006:446:15-21
[3]. Sehat KR,Evans RL, Newman JH,.Hidden blood loss following hip and knee arthroplasty. Correct management of blood loss should take hidden loss into account . J Bone Joint Surg Br 2004;86:561-5
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Abstract:Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the jaws are extremely rare lesions, which are probably hamartomas or developmental malformations. In this article we present an extremely high-flow AVM of the lower jaw (rt side)with spontaneous exsanguinating bleeding from the intraoral lesion site. Digital subtraction angiography revealed a high-flow, high-shunt AVM. Embolization cannot be performed due to high flow, we did bilateral external carotid artery ligation preoperatively, & segmental mandibulectomy with disarticulation of right condyle. Primary closure was done without any immediate reconstruction.

Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation(avm), high flow, angiography, embolization, ECA ligation, segmental mandibulectomy

[1]. Arterio-venous malformation of the mandible--Case report and review of literature --R. Spreafico et al-- ACTA
otorhinolaryngologica ita lica:EPUB February 09, 2012
[2]. Treatment Of Mandibular Arteriovenous Malformation By Transvenous Embolization: A Case Report --Hiro Kiyosue et al-- HEAD
& NECK September 1999
[3]. Arteriovenous Malformation of the Mandible — Achal Gupta et al-Vol. 46, No. 4, Oct—Dec. 1994--IJO & HNS
[4]. Direct-Puncture Embolization of Intraosseous Arteriovenous Malformation of Jaws--Xindong Fan et al--J Oral Maxillofac Surg
60:890-896, 2002
[5]. Large arteriovenous high-flow mandibular, malformation with exsanguinating dental socket haemorrhage: a case report---M. Fathi
et al--Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery (1997) 25, 228-231

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in women with AUB (15 – 45 years), to assess the menstrual pattern in women with hypothyroidism, to determine the endometrial pattern in abnormal uterine bleeding with hypothyroidism. Material &Methods:This is prospective observational study conducted in department of OBG, Gandhi Medical College/Hospital. Sample size being 100. All the women in the age group of 15 to 45 in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding were evaluated during the period March 2014 to October 2015...........

[1]. Fraser I S, Langham S, Uhl. Hochgraeber K Health related quality of life and economic burden of abnormal uterine bleeding. Expert Review ObstetGynaecol 2009; 4(2):179-189.
[2]. Thomas R, Reid RL. Thyroid diseases and reproductive dysfunction ObstetGynaecol 1987; 70:789-98.
[3]. Ernest L Mazzaferri. Evaluation and management of common thyroid disorders in women American J ObstetGynaecol 1997; 176(3):144-149.
[4]. Sruthi,M.,Amruthlal,W.,Reddy,G.C.,Kusumanjali,G.,kanagasabapathy,A.S. and pragna,R.2008.diagnostic strategies for subclinical hypothyroidism. Indian Journal of clinical Biochemistry,23(3):279-282.

Abstract: There are some surgical conditions where total scrotal skin is lost.One is Fournier's gangrene and the other is machinery injury particularly agriculture machine in our country. So long there is only one option to solve this problem- to place the testes into the thigh. But this is not physiological as the subcutaneous tissue of thigh does not provide a low temperature area like scrotum.......

Keywords: Fournier's gangrene, Scrotoplasty, Fascio-cutaneous flap, Neoscrotum

[1]. Flaps, Ian A. McgregorIn Fundamental Techniques Of Plastic Surgery Eighth Edition (1989) P: 93-95.
[2]. The Testis And Scrotum : In Bailey & Love's Short Practice Of Surgery :23 Rd Edition (2000) P1280-1281
[3]. Fournier's Gangrene : Vernon M Pais, Jr, Md , Chief Editor. Medscape, Updated. Nov 16, 2015
[4]. Fournier's Gangrene : Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia: Https://En.M.Wikipedia.Org>Wiki>Fourm.
[5]. Jean Alfred Fournier: Wikipedia..

Abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are currently the most common non-epithelial tumors ofthe gastrointestinal tract. The clinical symptoms are nonspecific, predominantly due to large tumor size and age of the patients. Aims and objectives: firstly, to assess the role of CT in tumor characteristic, tumor spread and enhancement patterns. Secondly, histopathological correlation, tumor complications, surgical outcome and follow up for recurrence. Finally, imaging surveillance to detect recurrence or progression..........

Keywords: Bleeding, computed tomography, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, recurrence

[1]. Demetri GD, Benjamin R, Blanke CD, et al. NCCN task force report: optimal management of patients with gastrointestinal stromal
tumors (GIST)—expansion and update of NCCN clinical practice guidelines. J NatlCompr Cancer Netw 2004;2:S1–S26.
[2]. Mazur MT, Clark HB. Gastric stromal tumors: reappraisal of histogenesis. Am J SurgPathol 1983;7:507–519.
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1301.
[4]. DeMatteo RP. The GIST of targeted cancer therapy: a tumor (gastrointestinal stromal tumor), a mutated gene (c-kit), and a
molecular inhibitor (STI571). Ann SurgOncol 2002;9(9):831–839.
[5]. Strickland L, Letson GD, Muro-Cacho CA. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Control 2001;8:252–261.

Abstract: The purpose of this case report is to present a novel technique of intentional replantation andrepositioning with 90 degree rotation. A 28 year old male patient presented with pain, inflammation, and purulent discharge from the maxillary left central incisor(21). Periodontal probing depth of 11mm was measured in relation to 21 at the mesiobuccal site. Radiographs revealed radiolucent area extending from the mesial surface of the crown and root of 21 and enclosing............

[1]. Dryden JA, Arens DE (1994) Intentional Replantation: A viable alternative for selected cases. Dent Clin North Am 38, 325-53.
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[3]. Chandra SS, Choudhary E, Chandra S. Traumatic injuries to permanent anterior teeth among Indians: frequency, aetiology and risk factors. Endo 2014;8(1): 23–30
[4]. Kawanami M, Sugaya T, Gama H, Tsukuda N, Tanaka S, Kato H. Periodontal healing after replantation of intentionally rotated teeth with healthy and denuded root surfaces. Dent Traumatol 2001;17, 127- 33.
[5]. Sherman P Jr. Intentional replantation of teeth in dogs and monkeys. J Dent Res 1968;47, 1066-71.

Abstract: The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant efficacy of Tridaxprocumbens (TP) against DEN induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in experimental animals. The DEN induced cancer bearing animals were treated with 200 mg/ kg body weight of TP extract for 21 days. The levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and liver marker enzymes such as AST (Aspartate transaminase), ALT (Alanine transaminase) and ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) were markedly increased in carcinogen administered animals..........

Keywords: Antioxidant, Tridaxprocumbens, DEN, Liver cancer

[1]. WHO, Regional office for the western pacific research guidelines for evaluating the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines. manila.
WHO, 1993.
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J. pharma. Sci. and Res, 2011; 2(3): 501-515.
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Abstract: The study was conducted as an attempt to estimate the prevalence of infertility among the rural women of Andaman Islands.The study was carried out in the villages of three tehsils viz., Diglipur, Mayabunder and Rangatof Andaman Island during the period October 2011 to September 2012.The information on age, religion, occupation, monthly income, menstrual history, marital history and gynecological and medical history was collected by trained field staff using a pretested structured questionnaire..........

Keywords: India, Andaman Islands, rural, infertility, socio-economic factors

[1]. World Health Organization.Infecundity, Infertility, And Childlessness In Developing Countries. DHS Comparative Reports No 9.Calverton, Maryland, USA: ORC Macro And The World Health Organization; 2004.
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[3]. Unisa S. Childlessness InAndhra Pradesh, India: Treatment-Seeking And Consequences. Reprod Health Matters 1999; 7: 54-64.
[4]. Bang RA, Bang AT, Biatule M, Chaudhary Y, Sarmukadam S AndTale O:"High Prevalence Of Gynaecological Diseases In Rural Indian Women", Lancet, 1:85-87 (1989).
[5]. Zargar AH, Wani AI, Masoodi SR, Laway BA, Salahuddin M. Epidemiologic And Etiologic Aspects Of Primary Infertility In The Kashmir Region Of India. Fertil Steril1997; 68 : 637-643.

Abstract:Supracondylar fractures of humerus is the most common pediatric elbow injury. Displaced supracondylar fracture of humerus is more demanding to treat as it needs needs anatomical reduction and internal fixation to prevent future complications. In our study , we reported the results of closed reduction and K wire fixation using lateral pinning in displaced type III Gartland supracondylar fractures of humerus in children..........

Keywords: Supracondylar humerus fracture, Kirschner wire (K wire), Closed reduction

[1]. Otsuka NY, Kasser JR. Supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. J Am AcadOrthop Surg. 1997;5:19–26.
[2]. Kasser JR, Beaty JH (Eds.). Supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus (Chapter14). In: Rockwood and Wilkins Fractures in
Children. 6th edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins: Philadelphia 2006:p.543-89.
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children. Analysis of fifty-two cases followed for five to fifteen years. J Bone Joint Surg Am1978;60(5):657-61.
[4]. Pirone AM, Graham HK, Krajbich JI. Management of displaced extension-type supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 1988;70(5):641-50
[5]. Yusof A, Razak M, Lim A. Displaced supracondylar fracture of humerus in children - comparative study of the result of closed and
open reduction. Med J Malaysia1998;53Suppl A:52-8.

Abstract:Objective: To Compare The Clinical Outcomes Between Patellar Resurfacing And Non-resurfacing In Total Knee Arthroplasty(TKA). Methods: A Total Of 63 Patients With Osteoarthritis Treated With TKA Between April 2013 To Sep 2013 Prospectively Studied And Followed Up For 1yr.The Patients Were Randomly Divided Into 2 Groups: The Patellar Resurfacing Group (Group A; N30) And The Patellar Non-resurfacing Group (Group B; N33).In The Non-resurfacing Group, The Osteophytes Of The Patella Was Removed........

Keywords: Anterior Knee Pain; Clinical Outcomes; Knee Society Score; Patellar Non-resurfacing; Patellar Resurfacing; Total Knee Arthroplasty

[1]. Burnett R, Bourne R. Indications For Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg2003 ; 85-A :728-745.
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[3]. Waters TS, Bentley G: Patellar Resurfacing In Total Knee Arthroplasty. A Prospective,Randomized Study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2003; 85: 212 – 217.
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Abstract: Introduction: Perforation peritonitis is the most common surgical emergency in India..Despite advances in surgical techniques, antimicrobial therapy and intensive care support, management of peritonitis continues to be highly demanding, difficult and complex. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin layer that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs............

Keywords: Perforation, peritonism, peritonitis

[1]. Vagholkar KR. Therapeutic option in perforation peritonitis. Hospital Today 2011;6(5):277-81.
[2]. Jhobta RJ, Attri AK, Kaushik R, Rajeev Sharma and Aupam Jhobta. Spectrum of perforation peritonitis in India review of 504 con
secutive cases. World journal of Emergency Surgery 2006,1:26.
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pros pective study. Pan Afrie Med J 2011;9:22.
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Rep1900;8: 155-177.
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Abstract:Tuberculosis is a worldwide problem. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that each year approximately 8.4 million people develop tuberculosis and approximately 3 million die each year. The disease has its deep roots in developing countries with a significant number of young adults being affected by the disease. Major brunt of tuberculosis is by pulmonary tuberculosis but extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 20 to 25% of total TB affected cases of which osteoarticular TB accounts for 8 – 10%. 50% of osteoarticular TB affects spine and the rest extraspinal predilection being for hip, knee, elbow and shoulder.

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