iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2016

Abstract: Objective: To compare the difference in serum vitamin D levels of pediatric haemophilic patients and healthy children Study Design: Hospital based observational study conducted in dept . of paediatric medicine SPMCHI SMS medical college Jaipur on Haemophilia patients and healthy children. Method: Vitamin D status was evaluated using laboratory test. Results: significant correlation between severity of Hemophilia and Vitamin D insufficiency. Conclusion: severe vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of Hemophilic arthropathy and early supplymentation with Vitamin D may prevent severe joint disease in young Hemophilic children...................

Keywords: Serum vitamin D levels,Heamophilic patients,Healthy children

[1]. Fung EB. Nutritional Deficiencies in Patients with Haemophilia. Ann New York Academy Sciences.2010;1202:188–196. Annals NY Academy Science.
[2]. Balasubramanian K, Rajeswari J, Gulab, Govil YC, Agarwal AK, Kumar A, et al: Varying role of vitamin D deficiency in the etiology of rickets in young children vs adolescents in northern India. J Trop Pediatr. 2003:49:201-06.
[3]. Susanna ranta,Heli viljakainen,Anne makipernaaand Outi makitie ; Hypercalciuria in children with haemophilia suggest primary
skeletal pathology; Bj

Abstract: An auricular pseudocyst is an asymptomatic cystic swelling with fluid accumulation between the intracartilaginous spaces of the auricle, which lacks an epithelial lining, so called pseudocyst. Engel in 1966, first reported the pseudocyst of auricle in the Chinese population. Twenty two patients were diagnosed with pseudocyst of pinna who were presented with asymptomatic painless cystic swelling over anterior aspect of auricle and were managed at ENT Deptt. of Tripura Medical College and Dr. BRAM Teaching hospital between December 2013 to December 2015 and all were treated by surgical deroofing of the cyst along with buttoning under local anaesthesia, assuming standard surgical treatment of pseudocyst of pinna.............

Keywords: Auricle, Chinese, Deroofing, Pseudocyst, Male preponderance

[1]. Hansen JE. Pseudocyst of the auricle in Caucasians. Arch Otolaryngol.1967; 85:13-4.
[2]. Heffner DK, Hyams VJ. Cystic chondromalacia (endochondral pseudocyst) of the auricle. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1986;110:740–3.
[3]. Joseph R Kallini, Philip R Cohen. Rugby injuryassociated pseudocyst of the auricle: Report and review of sport-associated
dermatoses of the ear. Dermatology Online Journal 2013 Vol.19(2);11-17.
[4]. Karabulut H, Acar B, Seluck K. Treatment of the non-traumatic auricular pseudocyst with aspiration and intralesional steroid
injection. New J Med 2009(26):117-119.
[5]. Tae Yoon Kim, Moon Soo Yoon, et al.Treatment of a recurrent auricular pseudocyst with intralesional steroid injection and clip
compression dressing. Dermatol Surg 2009;35:245-247.

Abstract: Separation of an endodontic instrument in the root canal is a common mishap that may occur during endodontic treatment. It may have a potential impact on the outcome of the treatment as it hinder cleaning and shaping of the root canal. Removal of the separated instrument is often advised but factors like poor access and visibility to the separated instrument makes it difficult and also the amount of dentin to be removed is more. As an alternative to removal, bypassing technique is very effective and conservative. This article describes the management of two patients with separated instrument in the root canal, by successfully bypassing those separated instrument.

Keywords: Bypassing, cold lateral condensation, fine file, obturation, separated instrument.

[1]. Kerekes K, Tronstad L: Long term results of endodontic treatment performed with a standardized technique. J Endod. 1979;
5(3):83-90
[2]. Bahcall JK, Carp S, Miner M, Skidmore L. The causes, prevention, and clinical management of broken endodontic rotary files.
Dent Today. 2005Nov; 24(11):74, 76, 78-80
[3]. Crump MC, Natkin E. Relationship of broken root canal instruments to endodontic case prognosis: a clinical investigation. J Am
Dent Assoc.1970 Jun; 80(6):1341–1347.
[4]. Grossman LI. Fate of endodontically treated teeth with fractured root canal instruments. J Br Endod Soc.1968 Jul-Sep; 2(3):35–37.
[5]. Ruddle CJ. Nonsurgical retreatment. J Endod. 2004 Dec; 30(12): 827-845.

Abstract: Objective: To compare & evaluate Conventional coaxial phacoemulsification (CCP)(3.2mm) with bimanual phacoemulsification(BMP)(1.8mm) . Patients & Methods: Fourty patients were enrolled between Nov2014 -March 2015,all with Senile cataract. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to the bimanual microincision phacoemulsification group, twenty patients to the coaxial phacoemulsification group. All patients were followed after 1 day, 1 Week, 1 month and 3 months of the procedure..........

Keywords: Bimanual microincision, coaxial phacoemulsification, cataract surgery,Surgically induced astigmatism.

[1]. Thylefors B, et al. Global data on blindness: an update. Bull World Health Organ 1995; 73:115–121.
[2]. Foster A. Elimination of cataract blindness. Survey 2000; 45:532–543.
[3]. Ruit R, Tabin G, Chang D, et al.A prospective randomized clinical trial of phacoemulsification versus manual sutureless smallincision extracapsular cataract surgery in Nepal. Am J Ophthalmol 2007; 143:32–38.
[4]. Kurz S, Krummenauer F, Gabriel P, Pfeiffer N, Dick HB Biaxial microincision versus coaxial small-incision clear cornea
cataract surgery. Ophthalmology.
[5]. Jean, Claude. Bimanual micro-incision phacoemulsification the way forward. l‟ophthalmographe 2005;22:4–5.

Abstract: Background and Purpose: Bacterial keratitis is an important cause of corneal blindness world over including India. To determine the incidence and microbiological profile of bacterial keratitis. Materials and methods: A retrospective review of microbiology records of patients presenting with suspected bacterial keratitis seen between July 2015 and March 2016 was performed. Patients with positive bacterial cultures were further analyzed for the type of fungus isolated and associated bacterial pathogens. Results: 200 cases (191 patients) of presumed bacterial keratitis were included. P. aeruginosa (41.7%) was the most common pathogen followed by S. aureus.............

[1]. Khosravi AD, Mehdinejad M, Heidari M (2007) Bacteriological findings in patients with ocular infection and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated pathogens. Singapore Med J 48: 741-743.

[2]. Schaefer F, Bruttin O, Zografos L, Guex-Crosier Y (2001) Bacterial keratitis: a prospective clinical and microbiological study. Br J Ophthalmol 85: 842-847.

[3]. Geethakumari PV, Remya R, Girijadevi MS, Reena A (2011) Bacterial keratitis and fungal keratitis in South Kerala: a comparative study. Kerla J Ophthalmol 23: 43-46.

[4]. Bataineh H, Hammory Q, Khatatba A (2008) Bacterial keratitis: risk factors and causative agents. Sudan JMS 3: 6-10.

[5]. Brown L (2007) Resistance to ocular antibiotics: an overview. Clin Exp Optom 90: 258-262.

Abstract: Lichen Planus (LP) is a unique, common inflammatory disorder that affects the skin, mucous membranes, hair and nails characterized by purple, polygonal, pruritic papules predominantly involving the flexural areas of the body. The aim of the present study is to know the prevalence of Lichen Planus and to study of various morphological types of Lichen Planus. A total of 78 cases presenting with features of Lichen Planus were included in this study............

Keywords: Erosive type LP, Lichen Planus, Morphological types

[1]. Mazen S. Daoud et al. Lichen Planus. In Fitzpatrick's: Dermatology in General Medicine, edited by IRWIN M. Freed berg et al,
Sixth edition, Mcgraw-Hill publsihers, New york 1999; 463-477.
[2]. Renu George, Mary Jacob. Lichen Planus. In IADVL Textbook and Atlas of Dermatology, edited by Valia RG, Valia AR, 2nd
edition, Bhalani publishers, Bombay 2003;2:847-856.
[3]. Black MM. Lichen Plamus and Lichenoid disorders. In Rook's text book of Dermatology, edited by Tony burns, Stephen
Breathnach, Neilcox, Christopher Griggiths. 7th edition, black well science limited. Oxoford 2004; Vol.3: 42.1-42.22
[4]. Singh OP, Kanwar AJ. Lichen Planus in INida. An Appraisal of 441 cases. Int J Dermatol 1976;15:752-6.
[5]. Lawrence E, Gibson et al. Lichen Planus. In Moschella and Hurley Dermatology, edited by Moschella, 3rd edition, WB Saunders
company, USA 1992;1:629-649.

Abstract: Back ground:Case-based learning (CBL) is a long established pedagogical method, which is defined in a number of ways depending on the discipline and type of 'case' employed. In health professional education, learning activities are commonly based on patient cases. Basic, social and clinical sciences are studied in relation to the case, are integrated with clinical presentations and conditions (including health and ill-health) and student learning is, therefore, associated with real-life situations............

Keywords: Case based learning, Fifth Semester, Likerts Scale, Medical students.

[1]. Schmidt H. Assumptions underlying self-directed learning may be false. Med Educ2000;34 (4) :243–5.
[2]. Mullins G .The evaluation of teaching in a problem-based learning context. In: Chen SE, et al, eds. Reflections on problem based
learning. NSW: Australian Problem Based Learning Network, 1995.
[3]. Barrows H ,Tamblyn R. Problem-based learning: an approach to medical education. New York: Springer Publishing Company,
1980.
[4]. Barrows H .A taxonomy of problem-based learning methods. Medical Education1986;20 (6) :481–6.
[5]. Schmidt H . Assumptions underlying self-directed learning may be false. Med Educ2000;34 (4) :243–5.

Abstract: An average 230 million peoples all over the world are suffering from metabolic disease. In the present scenario Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is increasing to an epidemic globally, which mainly consist of Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia and obesity. This MS can lead to life threatening major risk factors such as CAD, CKD and NAFLD etc. There is an urgent need to understand the complex etio-pathogenesis and to introduce an efficacious management of MS. The Ayurveda describe the two main concepts of diseases first one which is related to over-nutrition and second one related to under-nutrition.............

Keywords:– Dyslipidemia, Hyperglycemia, Insulin resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, obesity.

[1]. Gaddam K.K, Ventura H.O, Lavie C.J "Metabolic syndrome and heart failure" the risk, paradox, and treatment. Current
Hypertension Rep. 2011:13:142-8.
[2]. Gami A.S et al. "Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events and death" a systematic review and metaanalysis
of longitudinal studies, J Am Coll Cardiol 49: 2007 403-414.
[3]. Reaven G.M and Banting L "Role of insulin resistance in human disease" Diabetes 1988; 37:1595-1607.
[4]. Reaven G.M et al. "The metabolic syndrome or the insulin resistance syndrome" Different names, different concepts, and
different goals. Endocrine Metabolic Clinician North Am 2004; 33:283–303.
[5]. World Health Organization."Definition, diagnosis and classification of metabolic syndrome and its complications" Report of a
WHO Consultation. Part 1 and "Diagnosis and classification of metabolic syndrome" .http://www.
who.int/diabetes/publications/en/.Retrieved 2007-05-29.

Abstract: Background: Patients with repeat visits constitute core transmitters with multiple recent sexual partners, repeat STIs, non compliance to usage of condom. Repeat visits could mean treatment failure or an incorrect initial treatment regimen. With limited etiological testing facilities and resources, in developing countries like India, STI control may be most efficiently achieved through targeting screening of core transmitters and through partner treatment............

Keywords: Core transmitter, Dark field stop, Revisit, Repeat visit, Return visit, STI/RTI (STI/ Reproductive Tract Infection) clinic.

[1]. Devi SA, Vetrichevvel TP, Pise GA, Thappa DM. Pattern of sexually transmitted infections in a tertiary care centre at
Puducherry. Indian J Dermatol 2009; 54: 347-9.
[2]. Sangani P, Rutherford G, Wilkinson D. Population-based interventions for reducing sexually transmitted infections, including
HIV infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004; 2:C0 D001220.
[3]. Ray K, Bala M, Gupta SM, Khunger N, Puri P, Muralidhar S, et al. Changing trends in sexually transmitted infections at a
regional STD Centre in North India. Indian J Med Res 2006; 124: 559-68.
[4]. National guidelines on prevention, management and control of reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted
infections. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare GOI August 2007; 1.
[5]. World Health Organization. Global prevalence and incidence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections: Overview and
estimates World Bank 1993. Geneva: WHO; 2001.

Abstract: The full coverage, all-ceramic restoration of an anterior tooth and a posterior tooth with masticatory forces is a challenging clinical situation for which a variety of all-ceramic systems are available. The decision making process involves the consideration of a number of factors such as underlying substrate colour, tooth preparation geometry, margin location and cementation system. The increase in patient demands for enhanced esthetics has prompted the development of several all-ceramic restorative systems..........

Keywords: Aesthetic restorations, all ceramic, alumina or zirconium oxide, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, monolithic crowns. .

[1]. Succaria F, Morgano SM. Prescribing a dental ceramic material: Zirconia vs lithium-disilicate. Saudi Dent J. 2011 Oct;23(4):165-6. [2]. Edelhoff D, Brix O. All-ceramic restorations in different indications: a case series. J Am Dent Assoc. 2011 Apr;142 Suppl 2:14S-9S. [3]. Ritter RG. Multifunctional uses of a novel ceramic-lithium disilicate. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2010 Oct;22(5):332-41.

[4]. Mizrahi B. All-ceramic silica/glass-based crowns--clinical protocols. Br Dent J. 2011 Sep 23;211(6):257-62.

[5]. Yu J, Yang Y, Gao J, Guo J, Li L, Zhao Y, Zhang S. Clinical outcomes of different types of tooth-supported bilayer lithium disilicate all-ceramic restorations after functioning up to 5 years: a retrospective study. J Dent. 2016 Jun 1.

Abstract: Background: Previous research has reported that cervical cancer is a malignancy that develops in females causing changes in the quality of life, scoring emotional and psychological effects. Among the common emotional effects is the condition of depression which poses danger to the life of patients of cervical cancer. Diagnosis of and intervention of depression in patients of cancer is not easy especially that it is confounded by effects of treatment and those of living with the condition.............

Keywords: ..........

[1]. European Journal of Cancer (2005).
[2]. European Journal of Cancer (2011).
[3]. Depression (PDQ@)-National Cancer Institute-diagnosis.htm.
[4]. J Am Med Ass, 1983; 249;716-717.
[5]. J National Cancer Inst Mono, (2004).

Abstract: Wear in dentistry affects both the natural tooth structure as well as reconstructive materials that replace them. For perfect understanding of the properties and the correct indication of dental materials it is necessary to understand their wear mechanism. Wear of hard dental tissues and dental reconstructions can be measured in vivo or in vitro. In developing of new materials their investigation using different devices is especially important. It's the first system to distinguish inappropriate material that could in extreme cases
threaten the patients.............

Keywords: filling materials wear, nanoindentation, scratch test, microscopy, wear indices

[1]. A. Lussi, C. Ganss, Erosive tooth wear from diagnosis to therapy (Basel: Karger, 2014).
[2]. G. Ryge. Clinical criteria. International Denal Journal, 1980, 30(4), 347–358.
[3]. Cvar J.F., Ryge G. Criteria for the clinical evaluation of dental restorative materials. USPHS Publication. San Francisco: National
Institute of Public Health, 1971:190–244.
[4]. ISO, Dental materials - Guidance on testing of wear. [online] 2015 [cit. 7.5.2016]. Available from
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/search.htm?qt=dental+wear&sort=rel&type=simple&published=on
[5]. A. Kříž. Tribologická analýza Pin-on-disc. Metal 2004.

Abstract: Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder affecting mostlyAfricans, Hispanics, Indians and people of Middle Easterndescent; involving major organs of which the heart is the mostfatal and commonest cause of morbidity and mortality. Thepresent study aims to determine some electrocardiographicparameters of sickle cell anemia children attending the sicklecell clinic at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt,Nigeria. A total of 118 subjects comprising of 55 sickle cell anemia (HbSS genotype) patients (Group A) and 63 normal controls consisting of 40 subjects (HbAA genotype) Group B and 23 subjects (HbAS
genotype) Group C were recruited into the study.............

Keywords: sickle cell disease, children, Electrocardiographic parameters

[1]. Adebayo RA et. al., (2002) Niger J Med 11:145-152.
[2]. Bode-Thomas F, Ogunkunle OO, Omotoso ABO. The QT interval in Nigerian children with sickle cell anaemia. Trop Cardiol.
2003;113:9–12.
[3]. De Montalembert M, Maunoury C, Acar P, Brousse V, Sidi D, Lenoir G.(2004) Myocardial ischaemia in children with sickle cell
disease. Arch Dis Child. 89:359–62.
[4]. Dilaveris PE, Andrikopoulos GK, Metaxas G, Richter DJ, Avgeropoulou CK, Androuakis AM. et al. Effects of ischaemia on Pwave
dispersion and maximum P-wave duration during spontaneous anginal episodes. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:1640–
1647.[PubMed]
[5]. Dilaveris PE, Gialafos EJ, Andrikopoulos GK, Richter DJ, Papanikolaou V, Poralis K, Gialafos JE.

Abstract: Introduction:Knowledge about spectrum of neonatal diseases and their mortality helps in proper management of common neonatal problem which will lead to better outcome and improved quality of life among survivors. Method: A hospital based prospective study was conducted after approval from the hospital ethical committee during the period of October 2014 to September 2015. Result: Total number of NICU admission during Oct 2014 to Sept 2015 was 5590. The major cause of morbidity were as Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy(HIE)(30%), Jaundice requiring phototherapy (26.6%), others (18.3%){other include all low birth weight baby less than 1.8kg who require special care}and lastly sepsis (12%)..............

Keywords: Neonatal mortality profile, Neonatal morbidity profile, Hypoxic Ischemic Enchephalopathy.

[1]. Neonatal mortality rate 2011 from Health and Family Welfare, Govt of India. Available at URL:https://data.gov.in/catalog/neonatal-
mortality-rate-india, Accessed on 2nd June 2016.
[2]. Lawn JE,et al. 4million neonatal deaths: when?where?why? The Lancet,5 March 2005; 365 (9462): 891-900.
[3]. Mani Kant, Thakur S, Singh B. Study of morbidity and the mortality pattern in the neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary care
teaching hospital in Rohtas District, Bihar, India .Journal of clinical and diagnostic research. 2012 April;6(2): 282-5.
[4]. Nath Roy R, et al. The mortality pattern of hospitalised children in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata . Indian Journal of Community
Medicine 2008;33(3):187-89.
[5]. Prasad V, Singh N. Causes of morbidity and mortality in the neonates admitted in government medical college, HaldwaniinKumaun
region,(Uttarakhand) India. Journal of Pharmaceutical and biomedical science,2011; 8(8):1-4.

Abstract: Introduction: Depending on the chromosomal morphology translocations are of two types; reciprocal (rcpt) and Robertosonian (robt). Based on the exchange of material it could be balanced and unbalanced. The incidence of the translocation is one in 16,000. The individuals with balanced translocation may give rise to offsprings with anomalies. In individuals with rcpt the risk is 6.1% and robt 3.7%. The present study reports the occurrence of the rcpt & robt in the parents and its association to the chief complaints in their live birth off springs.............

Keywords: Robertsonian translocation, reciprocal translocation, translocation carrier parents, offsprings, meiotic segregation

[1] Charleen M Moore, Robert G Best. Chromosomal Genetic Disease: Structural Aberrations. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF LIFE
SCIENCES / & 2001 Nature Publishing Group/ . Available from: https://www.els.net. 1-8.
[2] J Wirth, T Wagner, RA Meyer, RA Pfieffer, HU Tietze, W Schempp, G Scherer, Translocation breakpoints in three patients
with campomelic dysplasia and autosomal sex reversal map more than 130 kb from SOX9, Hum Genet, 97, 1996, 186-93.
[3] S Farcas, V Belengeanu, C Popa, D Stoicanescu, M Stoian, M Veliscu, G Furau, M Craina, L Munteanu, Role of
chromosomal translocations in recurrent spontaneous abortion, Timisora Med J, 2, 2007, 117-21.
[4] A Venkateswari, A Srilekha, C Vinod, M Sujatha, N Pratibha, A Jyothi, A novel chromosomal translocation and
heteromorphism in a female with recurrent pregnancy loss- a case study, J Assist Reprod Genet, 29, 2012, 651-656.
[5] Manel Mahjoub, Meriem Mehdi, Sonia Brahem, Hatem Elghezal, Samira Ibala, Ali Saad, Chromosomal segregation in spermatozoa
of five Robertsonian translocation carriers t(13;14), J Assist Reprod Genet, 28, 2011, 607–613.

Abstract: Aim: To assess and compare the salivary composition and periodontal status of smokers and non smokers with chronic periodontitis. Materials And Methods: A total of 100 male subjects were selected from the out patient department of periodontology who fulfilled the criteria of the study and divided into 2 groups- group 1 were non smokers with chronic generalized periodontitis and group 2 consisted of smokers with chronic periodontits.2ml of saliva was collected from the subjects and sent for biochemical analysis(calcium, phosphorous and total proteins). Periodontal parameters, plaque index, gingival index and community periodontal index were recorded..............

Keywords: .....................

[1]. Vora A.R, Yeoman CM, Hayter JP. Alcohol, tobacco and paan use andunderstanding of oral cancer risk among Asian men in
Leicester. Br Dent J 1997; 188:441-51.
[2]. Acharya A,Kharadi MD,Dhavale R,Deshmuk VL, Sontake AN. High salivary calcium level associated with periodontal disease in
Indian subjects – a pilot study.Oral Health Prev Dent 2011;9:195-200.
[3]. Bowen WH. Nature of plaque. Oral Sci Rev 1976;9:3-21.
[4]. Al- Tarawneh SK, Border MB, Dibble CF, Bencharit S. Defining salivary biomarkers using mass spectrometry- based proteomics:
A systematic review. J Integrat Bio 2011;15:1-10.
[5]. Macgregor ID,Edgar WM.Calcium and phosphate concentrations and precipitate formation in whole saliva from smokers and nonsmokers. J Periodontal Res 1986;21:429-433

Abstract: Midgutmalrotation refers to twisting of the entire midgut about the axis of the superior mesenteric artery. Malrotation occurs in approximately 1 in 500 live births. However, the true incidence of malrotat ion is unknown, since many asymptomatic patients fail to present. Approximately 90% of patients with malrotation are diagnosed within the first year of life, 80% of whom are diagnosed within the first month of life. Thereafter, it can present in adults of any age. In our study 68 year old male presented with pain abdomen..............

Keywords: Mal rotation, Acute mesenteric ischemia, smv thrombosis computed tomography

[1]. Taourel PG, Deneuville M, Pradel JA, et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia: diagnosis with contrast-enhanced CT.Radiology 1996;
199:632-636. Link
[2]. Horton KM, Fishman EK. Volume-rendered 3D CT of the mesenteric vasculature: normal anatomy, anatomic variants, and
pathologic conditions. RadioGraphics. 2002;22:161
[3]. Rha SE, Ha HK, Lee SH, et al. CT and MR imaging findings of bowel ischemia from various primary causes. RadioGraphics.
2000;20:29.
[4]. Kim JY, Ha HK, Byun JY, et al. Intestinal infarction secondary to mesenteric venous thrombosis: CT-pathologic correlation. J
Comput Assist Tomogr 1993; 17:382-385. CrossRef, Medline

Abstract: Introduction. Cleft lip and palate are among the most frequent craniofacial anomalies of the human species. The etiology of isolated and non syndromic cleft lip and palate is complex and multifactorial, often results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. As of now, many genes are reported by different authors for their involvement in clefting. These are Irf6, Msx1, Pvrl1, Tbx22, Fgfr1, Tgfa, Tgfb3, Rare, Nat2.................

[1]. Murray JC. Gene/environmental causes of cleft lip and/ or palate. Clin genet 2002; 61: 248-56.
[2]. Reddy SG, Reddy RR, Bronkhorst EM, Prasad R, Ettema AM,Sailer HF. Incidence of cleft lip and palate in a state of Andhra
Pradesh, South India. Indian J Plast Surg 2010; 43: 184-9.
[3]. Patel D, Goyal R, Puri T. Presurgical nasoalveolar moulding- an adjunct to facilate surgical repair in infants with cleft lip and
palate. Mod Plast surg 2013; 3: 34-42.
[4]. Wyszynski D.F, Beaty T.H. and Maestri N.E. Genetics of nonsyndromic oral clefts revisited. Cleft Palate-Cranio. J. 1996; 33: 406– 417.
[5]. Zhang B, Jiao X, Mao L, Xue J. Maternal cigarette smoking and associated risk of having child with orofacial clefts in China. A
case control study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011; 39: 313-8.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to compare the functional outcome of Arthroscopic anterior cruciateligament reconstruction using Bone-Patellar tendon – Bone autograft versus Hamstring tendonAutograft. This study is very much relevant because of the younger age group of patients who sustained the ligament injury and the need for them to rehabilitate as early as possible without much delay.The age group in our study was between 20-45 years of age.We assessed the postoperative range of motion, patient satisfaction in the post operative period using functional scoring system. We assessed thepatients at one and two years interval.

[1]. Corry IS, Webb JM, Clingeleffer AJ, Pinczewski LA. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. American
Journal of Sports Medicine. 1999; 27: 444-54.
[2]. Akgun I, Ogut T, Kesmeszacar H, Yucel I. Central third bone-patellar tendon-bone arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction: a 4-year follow-up. Journal of Knee Surgery. 2002; 15: 207-12.
[3]. Beynnon B D, Johnson R J, Fleming B C, Kannus P, Kaplan M, Samani J, Renstrom P. Anterior cruciate ligament replacement:
comparison of bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts with two strand hamstring grafts. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 2002; 84:
1503-13.
[4]. Yunes M, Richmond J C, Engels E A, Pinczewski L A. Patellar versus hamstring tendons in anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction: a meta-analysis. Arthroscopy. 2001; 17: 248-57.

Abstract: William Osler was quoted in 1925 as saying: "We expect too much of the student and we try to teach him too much. Give him good methods and a proper point of view, and all other things will be added, as his experience grows." A major teaching and learning objective of the preclinical curriculum in complete denture removable prosthodontics is to introduce students to the fundamental laboratory and clinical steps involved in the fabrication and delivery of complete dentures. The subject of Preclinical Prosthodontics is traditionally taught during the second year of dental education, with a major emphasis on the laboratory component1-4. This laboratory emphasis is one of the major deficiencies of this model5. Students spend a majority of their time in the laboratory, with minimal or no patient contact.

[1]. Petropolous VC, Rashedi B. Complete denture education in US dental school. J Prosthod 2005;14(3):191-7.
[2]. Rashedi B, Petropolous VC, Preclinical complete denture survey. J Prosthod 2003;12(1):37-46.
[3]. Weintraub AM, Weintraub GS. The dental student as technician: an 18-years follow – up of preclinical laboratory programs. J
Prosthod 1997:6(3):128-13.
[4]. Hung SP, Brown DT, Goodacre CJ, Cerimele BJ. Recent graduate and current dental evaluation of their prosthodontics curriculum.
J Prosthod Dent 1993;70(4):361-41.
[5]. Diaz-Arnold AM, Langenwalter EM, Andres CJ, Lloyd PM, Nimmo A, Cronin RJ, The Institute of Medicine study of dental
education: issues affecting prosthodontics. J Prosthod 1996;5(2):133-41.

Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the proximate compositions of fruits of three Musa species at three stages of development. Proximate analyses of the samples were carried out using the method as explain by the Association of Official of Analytical Chemists A.O.A.C., (2000). Results of the qualitative proximate analyses revealed the presence of carbohydrates and proteins in the samples at all the stages of development. Reducing monosaccharide was observed at the ripe stages of the three Musa species and absent at the immature stages. Oil was observed only at the ripe stages of the samples.......

Keywords: Proximate, Musa species, A. O. A. C., Qualitative and Quantitative

[1] Singh, R., S.A. Dar and P. Sharma, (2012). Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urtica dioica leaves. Res. Journal of Medicinal Plant, 66: 123-135.
[2] Izonfuo W.A.L. and V.O.T. Omuaru (1988)," Effect of Ripening on the Chemical Composition of Plantain Peels and Pulps (Musa paradisiaca)", Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 45:333-336.
[3] Yu, P., Christensen, D. A. and Mckinion, J. J (2004), In situ rumen degradation kinetics of timothy and alfalfa as affected by cultivar and stage of maturity, Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 84: 255- 263.
[4] Duhan, A., B.M. Chauhan and D. Punia(1992), Nutritional value of some non-conventional plant food of India, Plant Foods Human Nutrition, 42: 193-200. [5] Chanda, S., Kaneria, M. and Nair, R (2011), Antibacterial activity of Psoralea corylifolia L. seed and aerial parts with various extraction methods, Res. Journal of Microbiology, 60: 124-131..

Abstract: This study was aimed at evaluating the mineral compositions of three Musa species at three stages of development. The mineral elements compositions were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometeric method. Results of the mineral composition of three Musa species at three stages of development revealed that iron content was higher in plantain than as in banana and Saba banana. Cobalt was not detected in all stages of the three samples. Also, sodium was the most available mineral with very high quantity, followed by magnesium and iron. Zinc content of the samples revealed no significant difference amongst the three Musa species but increases as the species ripens or develops.

Keywords: Mineral, Musa species, significant increase and Spectrophotometric

[1]. Singh, R., S.A. Dar and P. Sharma, (2012). Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urtica dioica leaves. Res. Journal of Medicinal Plant, 66: 123-135.
[2]. Izonfuo W.A.L. and V.O.T. Omuaru (1988)," Effect of Ripening on the Chemical Composition of Plantain Peels and Pulps (Musa paradisiaca)", Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 45:333-336.
[3]. Yu, P., Christensen, D. A. and Mckinion, J. J (2004), In situ rumen degradation kinetics of timothy and alfalfa as affected by cultivar and stage of maturity, Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 84: 255- 263.
[4]. Duhan, A., B. M. Chauhan and D. Punia (1992), Nutritional value of some non-conventional plant food of India, Plant Foods Human Nutrition, 42: 193-200.

[5]. Chanda, S., Kaneria, M. and Nair, R (2011), Antibacterial activity of Psoralea corylifolia L. seed and aerial parts with various extraction methods, Res. Journal of Microbiology, 60: 124-131.