iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2016

Abstract: Aim: To assess the usefulness of ASL perfusion imaging in evaluation of age and gender related changes in normal cerebral blood flow. Materials and methods: Eighty normal individuals (43 females and 37 males; age range 20–79 years; mean age = 50.12±16.87 years) were scanned at 3.0 T MR Station. The subjects were divided intotwo separate age groups that included adults (n1 = 40; 21 females and 19 males; age 20-49 years; mean age 35.2±7.45) and elderly (n2 = 40; 22 females and 18 males; age 50-79 years, mean age 65.05±8.00) respectively. The individuals with possible risks of artifacts that may degrade ASL imaging were excluded. The gray-white CBF ratios of all four lobes were extracted and statistically analyzed..................

Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; Arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging; Cerebral blood flow.

[1]. Baxter LR Jr, Mazziotta JC, Phelps ME, Selin CE, Guze BH, Fairbanks L. Cerebral glucose metabolic rates in normal human
females versus normal males. Psychiatry Res 1987;21:237-45.
[2]. Daniel DG, Mathew RJ, Wilson WH. Sex roles and regional cerebral blood flow. Psychiatry Res 1989;27:55-64.
[3]. Devous MD Sr, Stokely EM, Chehabi HH, Bonte FJ. Normal distribution of regional cerebral blood flow measured by dynamic
single-photon emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1986;6:95-104.

Abstract: Introduction: Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) is a grave obstetrical emergency which is an important cause of maternal mortality besides postpartum hemorrhage and sepsis. It contributes to 15-20% of maternal deaths in India. Maternal and perinatal complications of antepartum hemorrhage are anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, shock, low birth weight, intrauterine death, and birth asphyxia.............

Keywords:............................................................

[1]. Archana M, Sonal A.Study of Antepartum hemorrhage and its maternal and perinatal outcome. International Journal of Scientific
and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 2, February 2014
[2]. Singhal, Nymphaea, S Nanda. Maternal And Perinatal Outcome In Antepartum Hemorrhage: A Study At A Tertiary Care Referral
Institute. The Internet Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2007 Volume 9 Number 2.
[3]. Das B. Antepartum hemorrhage in three decades. J ObstetGynae India 1975,25:636-7.
[4]. Bandamma, ShashiRekha, Ravigouda, Sonali, Sneha. Study of maternal and perinatal outcomes in antepartum hemorrhage. Int J
Biol Med Res. 2013; 4(4): 3619-3623
[5]. Arora R, Devi U, Majumdar R. Perinatal morbidity and mortality in antepartum hemorrhage. J Obstet Gynae India 2001;51(3):102-
4

Abstract: A cross sectional study was carried out in four schools in urban and rural areas in Chennai to find out the prevalence of childhood over-weight and obesity in the age group of 8 – 12years. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.8% with 95% Confidence Interval of 12.6% - 19%, and this was observed to be higher in urban areas. Binging in both the rural and urban areas has a statistically high significant relationship with obesity...........

Keywords : Eating habits, obesity/overweight and hypertension in children.

[1]. Alice T Cherian, Sarah S Cherian and Shebang subbiah – prevalence of obesity and overweight in urban school children in Kerala,
India. Indian paediatrics 49, 275 - 279 (2012).
[2]. Mahajan PB., Purty AJ., Singh Z., Cherian J., Natesan M, Arepally S, Senthilvel V – study of childhood obesity among school
children aged 6-12 years in union territory of Pondicherry. Indian J. community Med: 36 : 45 – 50 (2011)
[3]. Bonita Falkner - Hypertension in children and adolescents: epidemiology and natural history-Paediatric Nephrol. 2010 Jul; 25(7):
1219–1224. Published online 2009 May 7. : PMCID: PMC2874036
[4]. Matthew L. Hansen, MD; Paul W. Gunn, BS; David C. Kaelber, MD, PhD Underdiagnosis of Hypertension in Children and
Adolescents ,JAMA. 2007; 298(8):874-879. doi:10.1001/jama.298.8.874.
[5]. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The
fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Paediatrics. 2004;
114(2) :( suppl 4th report) 555-576.

Abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are uncommon mesenchymal tumors arise from the interstitial cells of Cajal, the pacemaker cells of the GI tract.This study was designed to analyze the epidemiology, mode of presentation, the site and investigations for GIST. Methods : 54 patients from Kasturba Hospital Manipal that were diagnosed to have GIST from January 2004 to December 2013 were retrospectively studied from their medical records. The data collected focused on the clinicopathological features,the relevant investigations and treatment...........

Keywords: C-KIT,GIST, Immunohistochemistry, Mesenchymal, Pacemaker

[1]. Fletcher CD, Berman JJ, Corless C, et al. (2002) Diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumour: A consensus approach. Human Pathology 33:459–465

[2]. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Alexander W. Beham &Inga-Marie Schaefer &Philipp Schüler &Silke Cameron &B. Michael Ghadimi Accepted: 8 November 2011 / Published online: 29 November 2011 # The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
[3]. Goettsch WG, Bos SD, Breekveldt-Postma N, Casparie M, Herings RM, Hogendoorn PC. Incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumours is underestimated: results of a nation-wide study. Eur J Cancer 2005; 41: 2868-2872 [PMID: 16293410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2005.09.009]
[4]. Miettinen M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): definition, occurrence, pathology, differential diagnosis and molecular genetics. Pol J Pathol 2003; 54: 3-24[PMID: 12817876]

Abstract: H1N1(swine flu) outbreak is a major health problem particularly in patients with co morbid illness. The study was designed to assess various clinical presentations and outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study was done in a tertiary Infectious Disease Hospital (ID & BG Hospital) in Kolkata among H1N1 infected patients during recent outbreak December 2014 to March 2015. Adult cases above age 18 years were included in this study. Clinical presentations, laboratory parameters and outcome were assessed........

Keywords: Swine Flu, Clinical presentations, Complications

[1]. Swine Flu—H1N1, Seasonal Influenza. Mnistry of Health & Family Welfare. Govt. of India. www.mohfw.nic.in 2015.
[2]. Donna M Tscherne, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre , Virulence determinants of pandemic influenza viruses, Journal of Clinical Investigation,
January 4, 2011.
[3]. Influenza Surveillance: 2014-2015, H1N1 ―Swine‖Derived Influenza Virus in India. Cell Host & Medicine, 17 (3), 2015,279-282.
[4]. Shobha Itolikar, Milind Y Nandkar, H1N1 Revisited After Six Years: Then And Now, JAPI, 63(4), 2015.
[5]. www.mohfw.nic.in, www.ncdc.gov.in

Abstract: The present work is a prospective clinical study comparing the effects of IV Dexmedetomidine and IV Clonidine on attenuation of haemodynamic parameters during laryngoscopy and intubation in patients undergoing elective open cholecystectomy operation under general anaesthesia..........

Keywords: IV Dexmedetomidine, Intravenous Clonidine, Attenuation, Intubation Laryngoscopy, Haemodynamic Response.

[1]. Reid LC, Brace DE. Irritation of the respiratory tract and its reflex effect upon heart. SurgGynaec&Obst. 1940; 70:157–62.
[2]. Derbyshire DR, Chmielewski A, Fell D, Vaters M. Plasma catecholamine responses to tracheal intubation. BJA. 1983; 55: 855-9.
[3]. Fox EJ, Sklar GS, HillCH.Complications related to pressor response to endotracheal intubation. Anaesthesiology. 1977; 47: 524-25.
[4]. King BD, Harris LC. Reflex circulatory responses to direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation performed during general
anaesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1951; 12:556-566
[5]. Donlinger, JK Ellison N, OminskyAJ.Effects of intrathecal lidocain on circulatory responses to tracheal
intubation.Anaesthesiology.1974;41:409-12

Abstract: Introduction: The knowledge of the origin, course and variations of the obturator artery(OBA) is the key success factor of the pelvic and inguinal surgeries. Materials and methods: 57 pelvices were utilized to study the various origins of the obturator artery namely from anterior division of internal iliac artery, posterior division of internal iliac artery, external iliac artery, inferior epigastric artery and double origin from anterior division of internal iliac artery as well as external iliac artery. The observations were digital photographed and data were tabulated for analysis..........

Keywords: Obturator artery – variations – bilateral polycystic kidney - female

[1]. Standring S. Grays anatomy 40th ed,London: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone:
[2]. 2008.p 1077,1088 .
[3]. Darmains S, Lewis A, Mansoor A, Bircher M. Corona Mortis: an anatomical study with clinical implication in approaches to the
pelvis and acetabulum. Clin Aant, 2007; 20: 433-439
[4]. Nabil AE, Jiahong L, Alan HL, Vishwas P, MU-Nier MSN, Chris GSJ. Obturator artery disruption associated with acetabular
fracture: A case study and anatomy review Injury.2008; 39: 44-46.
[5]. Sarikcioglu L, Muzaffer S, Feyyaz A, Semih G. Anastomotic vessels in the retropubic region: Corona mortis. Folia
Morphologica.2003; 62: 179-182.

Abstract: Background:Pyogenic meningitis is one of the most serious infections in children. An early diagnosis along with its cause may help in reducing mortality and morbidity. Objective:To find out the organisms responsible for causing acute pyogenic meningitis in Chotanagpur region of Jharkhand, India. Methodology:Cases with clinical signs and symptom of pyogenic meningitis, confirmed with bacteriological (smear and culture), cytological and biochemical examination of C.S.F (all together) were selected in the study..........

Keywords: Bacteriological,Cerebrospinal fluid, Children,Pyogenic Meningitis

[1]. National Neonatal Perinatal Database: Report 2002-2003 ICMR, New Delhi Publication 2005, 45-47.
[2]. Shet A, Ferrieri P. Neonatal and maternal group B streptococcal infection: a comprehensive review. Indian J Med Res 2004;
120:141-150.
[3]. Allan R. Tunkel, Barry J. Hartman et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2004;
39:1276-1284.
[4]. Sahai S, Mahadevan S, Srinivasan S, Kanugo R. Childhood bacterial meningitis in Pondicherry, South India. Indian J Pediatr 2001;
68:839-41.
[5]. Are Haemophilous influenzae infections a significant problem in India? A prospective study and review. Invasive Bacterial
Infection Surveillance (IBIS) Group of the International Clinical Epidemiology Network .Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34:949-57.

Abstract: Meningitis remains serious clinical problem in developing countries. Delayed diagnosis and treatment result in significant morbidity and mortality. Case fatality can be as high as 25 % in bacterial meningitis. Early antibiotic therapy is crucial for improving the outcome of bacterial meningitis. There is a need for a reliable and cost effective method to differentiate among various types of meningitis. There is also a need for a test which can distinguish bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis during the acute phase of the
disease, so as to avoid complications due to delayed treatment..........

Keywords: Cortisol, Neutrophilic, Lymphocytic, Aseptic meningitis, CSF.

[1]. Juliet Cohen et al: "Meningitis-Definition, Cause, Symptoms and Treatment" fromEzine Articles.
[2]. Roos KL: Bacterial Meningitis. Current Treat Options Neurol 1999.1:147-156.
[3]. Tunkel AR. Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL. Kaufman BA, Roos KL.Whitley RJ:Practice guideline; for the management of bacterial
meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 2004. 39:1267-12S4.
[4]. Van Woensel JB, Biezeveld MH, Alders AM, Eerenberg AJ, Endert E, Hack EC, von Rosenstiel IA, Kuijpers TW.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels in relation to inflammatory response and disease severity in children with
meningococcal disease. J Infect Dis. 2001;184:1532–1537. doi: 10.1086/324673. [PubMed] [Cross Ref]

Abstract: Lichenoid reaction is a mucosal lesion characterized by linear whitish striae appearing on the mucosa and is triggered by external factors like restorative materials, betel nut, tobacco, graft versus host reaction and drugs. A detailed history will help in delineating the two lesions. The review provides an insight into the clinical, histological features and the malignant potential of Lichenoid reaction

Keywords: Lichenoid, drug- induced , malignant transformation, betel nut, tobacco

[1]. Scully C, CarrozzoM. Oral mucosal disease: Lichen planus. BrJ Oral Maxillofacial Surg 2008;46:15-21
[2]. E.H. van der Meij and I. van der Waal. Lack of clinicopathologic correlation in the diagnoses of oral Lichen planus based on the
presently available diagnostic criteria and suggestionsfor modifications. J Oral Pathol Med2003;32:507-12
[3]. Issa Y, Brunton PA, Glenny AM, Duxbury AJ. Healing of oral Lichenoid lesions after replacing amalgam restorations: a systematic
review Oral surg Oral Med Oral PathoOral RadioEndod2004;98:553-65
[4]. Isaac Van der Waal, Oral Lichen planus and oral Lichenoid lesion; a critical appraisal with emphasis on diagnostic aspects. Med
Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2009;14(7):E310-4
[5]. Sugerman PB, Salvage NW, Walsh IJ, Zhao ZZ. The pathogenesis of Lichen planus. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2002;13:350-65

Abstract: As people age, they become more susceptible to disease and disability.(1) Elderly with disease and disability often require more health care services than their healthy counterparts. By 2025, the number of elderly people is expected to rise more than 1.2 billion with about 840 million of these in developing countries. In India, elderly accounted for 8% of the total population in the year 2010, and
is likely to rise to 19% by 2050.

[1]. Yach D, Hawkes C, Gould CL, Hofman KJ. The global burden of chronic diseases: Overcoming the impediments to prevention and
control. JAMA 2004;291:2616-22.
[2]. WHO; World Health Statistics 2014. www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2014/en (accessed 22March 2014)
[3]. Murray CJL, Lopez D. Global mortality, disability and the contribution of risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet
1997;349:1436-42.
[4]. Udoh SB, Idung AU. Morbidity Pattern in Geriatric Patients Attending a General OutPatient's Clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in
Nigeria: A Society with no Social Support System [Internet]. 2014 [ Cited 2014 March ]. Available from:http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jdms/papers/Vol13-issue3/Version-3/K013334954.pdf.
[5]. Purty AJ, Bazroy J, Kar M, Vasudevan K, Veliath A, Panda P. Morbidity Pattern Among the Elderly Population in the RuralArea of Tamil Nadu, India. Turk J Med Sci 2006;36:45-50.

Abstract: Clinical audit is a process that has been defined as a quality improvement process that seeks to improve patient care and outcomes through systematic review of care against explicit criteria and the implementation of change. This study was in an oral diagnosis clinic. The register for patients for 2015 was used to audit patients' normative needs as against normative demands. Result revealed infection as dominant (46.37%), followed by caries (22.39%). The least was prosthetic need. (2.40%). We conclude that auditing of our health records is good to guide our future policy projections.

Keywords: One Year; Audit;Pattern; Oral Health

[1]. (2012) principle of best practice in clinical audit
[2]. Malleshi S.N., Joshi, M, Nair S.K., Ashraf I, 2012 clinical audit in dentistry: from a concept to an imitation Dent Res.j 9(6) 665 –
670.
[3]. Sarivener R, Morrel C, Baker R, Redsell, S, Shaw E, Stevenson K 2002; Principles of best practice in clinical audit. United
KingdomRadchifte medical press LTD.
[4]. William O. (1996) what is clinical audit? Ann R Collsurg Engl. 78(5): 406 – 11.
[5]. Amoral SM, Mirand AM, Netto JS, Pires FR. (2012) Prevalence of oral and maxillofacial disease diagnosed in an oral medical
service during a 7 – year period. J. Oral Diag. 1 (2):41 – 6.

Abstract: Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is usually performed under general anaesthesia. However, many studies have been done to assess feasibility of spinal anaesthesia for the same, and it was found to be safe and feasible for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. At our centre laparoscopic cholecystectomy is usually performed under spinal anaesthesia with very good results. This study done over a period of one year, shows the feasibility of spinal anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy..........

Keywords: feasibility, general anaesthesia, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, spinal anaesthesia.

[1]. Pursnani KG, Bazza Y, Calleja M, Mughal MM. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under epidural anaesthesia in patients with chronic
respiratory disease. Surg Endosc. 1998;12:1082–4
[2]. Gramatica L, Jr, Brasesco OE, Luna MA, Martinessi V, Panebianco G, Labaque F, et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed
under regional anaesthesia in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. Surg Endosc. 2002;16:472–5
[3]. Tzovaras G, Fafoulakis F, Pratsas K, Georgopoulou S, Stamatiou G, Hatzitheofilou C. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal
anaesthesia: A pilot study. Surg Endosc. 2006;20:580–2.
[4]. Sinha R, Gurwara AK, Gupta SC. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anaesthesia: A study of 3492 patients. J
Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2009;19:323–7
[5]. Sharp JR, Pierson WP, Brady CE. Comparison of CO2 and N2O-induced discomfort during peritoneoscopy under local
anaesthesia. Gastroenterology. 1982;82:453–6.

Abstract: A review of all consecutive request cards received at the x-ray unit over a period of 8 months to assess the completeness of filling of the cards, details provided, use of abbreviations and the usefulness of clinical information given to the radiologist. The cards came from different departments, wards, outpatient clinics and specialists' clinics of the hospital..........

Keywords: Radiology, request cards, audit

[1]. Cohen MD,Curtin S,Lee R:Evaluation of Quality of Radiology Requisitions for Intensive Care Unit Patients.Academic
Radiology;2006;13(2):236-240
[2]. London: The Royal College of Radiologists. Good Practise Guide for Clinical Radiologists; 2012; Pp.2-8
[3]. Analysis of radiological examination request forms in conjunction with justification of X-ray exposures Department of Health. The
Ionizing Radiation (Medical Exposures) Regulations 2000,with supplementary guidance on good practice(http://www.doh.gov.uk/irmer.htm);2000.
[4]. Irurhe, .N.K., Sulaymon, F.A., Olowoyeye O.A. and Adeyomoye A.A.O. Compliance Rate of Adequate Filling of Radiology Request Forms in a Lagos University Teaching Hospital. World Journal of Medical Sciences; 2012; 7 (1): 10-12.
[5]. Adebayo SB,Awosanya GOG, Balogun BO and Osibogun A.Multi Assessment of Radiology Request Form Completion in South-
West Nigeria. Nigerian Hospital Practice 2009; vol.3, No 6.

Abstract: Introduction: The term stricture urethra usually refers to disease involving anterior urethra. It is one of the commonest urologic conditions requiring surgical management. Here we present our institutional experience in management of stricture urethra. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was done by reviewing records of patients with urethral stricture admitted in the urology department of our hospital over a period of three years from March 2013 to March 2016. Results : A total of 112 patients were admitted and operated for stricture urethra over the three years. Mean age at presentation was 44.8 years. Most common cause of stricture was idiopathic. Bulbar urethra was the most common site of stricture. Buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty was the most common surgery performed..........

Keywords: Stricture, Idiopathic, Bulbar urethra, Urethroplasty, Buccal mucosal graf

[1]. Sievert KD, Selent-Stier C, Wiedemann J, et al. Introducing a large animal model to create urethral stricture similar to human stricture disease: a comparative experimental microscopic study. J Urol.2012; 187:1101–1109

[2]. Das S, Tunuguntla HS. Balanitis xerotica obliterans—a review. World J Urol. 2000; 18:382–387

[3]. Figler BD, Hoffler CE, Reisman W, Carney KJ, Moore T, Feliciano D, Master V. Multi-disciplinary update on pelvic fracture associated bladder and urethral injuries. Injury. 2012 Aug; 43(8):1242-9

[4]. Lumen N, Hoebeke P, Willemsen P, De Troyer B, Pieters R, Oosterlinck W. Etiology of urethral stricture disease in the 21st century. J Urol. 2009; 182:983–987

[5]. Fenton AS, Morey AF, Aviles R, Garcia CR. Anterior urethral strictures: etiology and characteristics.Urology. 2005;65:1055–1058

Abstract: Background: The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke has been well established. We studied the prognostic value of blood glucose level in determining the functional outcome 28 days following stroke. Method: 205 cases of acute stroke confirmed by CT were evaluated for blood glucose on admission. Functional outcome was determined after a 28 day period by the modified Rankin scale...........

Keywords: stroke, haemorrhagic, ischemic, glucose, inflammation

[1]. Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and
2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet.2012;380:2095–2128
[2]. Worthmann, H., et al. "The temporal profile of inflammatory markers and mediators in blood after acute ischemic stroke differs
depending on stroke outcome." Cerebrovascular Diseases 30.1 (2010): 85-92.
[3]. Grønholdt, M-LM, et al. "Increased acute phase reactants are associated with levels of lipoproteins and increased carotid plaque
volume." European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 21.3 (2001): 227-234.
[4]. 4.Festa, A., D'Agostino, R., Howard, G., Mykkänen, L., Tracy, R.P. and Haffner, S.M., 2000. Chronic subclinical inflammation as
part of the insulin resistance syndrome the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS).Circulation, 102(1), pp.42-47.
[5]. Wang, Jian, and Sylvain Doré. "Inflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage."Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 27.5
(2007): 894-908.