iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2016

Abstract: Introduction: Both bone forearm fractures in adults are one of the common Upper limb fractures in adults. The purpose of the study was to assess Clinical and radiological outcome in fracture both bone forearm in adults operated with dynamic compression plate.
Materials and methods: In this study 60 patients with forearm fractures, were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with 3.5 mm dynamic compression plate (DCP) and screws, in patients with displaced fractures of the shaft of forearm bones.. Forearm movements and Radiological Time for union were recorded.................

Keywords: .................

[1] L.D.Anderson,Sisk.D,Tooms.RE and ParkW.I Compression plate fixation in acute diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna J.
Bone Joint Surg. Am., Apr 1975; 57: 287.
[2] William a Clark. History of fracture treatment. J.bone Joint Surg. Am.,1937;19:47-63
[3] Colton C.: History of Osteosynthesis. Chapter-2, in AO/ASIF Instruments and implants 2nd edn, Texhammer R and C. Colton,
Berlin, Springer Verlag, 1994:3pp.
[4] Patrick J. A study of supination and pronation with special reference to the treatment of forearm fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 1946
Oct; 28:737-748.
[5] Chandler R. N.: Principles of Internal Fixation. Chapter-3, in Fractures in Adults, Vol. 1, 4th Edn., Rockwood C. A. Jr. et al,
Philadelphia; Lippincott Raven, 1996: 159pp.

Abstract: To assess the prevalence of viral hepatitis in pregnant women and their obstetric and fetal outcome. Background: Viral hepatitis is the major cause of jaundice in pregnancy. It can lead to coagulation defects, postpartum haemorrhage, organ failure and high maternal mortality and poor outcomes of their newborns such as still births, neonatal deaths, acute and chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.so early diagnosis and treatment is required for better management of the patients...........

Keywords: Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E,Maternal Mortality,Perinatal mortality,Pregnancy

[1]. Aggarwal R, Krawczynski K. Hepatitis E: An overview and recent advances in clinical and laboratory research. J Gastroenterol
Hepatol2000;15:9-20.
[2]. Smedile A, Carcil, Verme G. Influence of delta infection on severity
[3]. of hepatitis B. Lancet 1982;2:945-947.
[4]. Suruchi Shukla*, Geeta Mehta.A Prospective Study on Acute Viral Hepatitis in Pregnancy; Seroprevalence, and Fetomaternal
Outcome of 100 cases, J Biosci Tech, Vol 2 (3),2011,279-286
[5]. Adams RH, Combes R. Viral Hepatitis during pregnancy. JAMA 1965;192:195-198.

Abstract: Bronchial asthma is one of the common chronic childhood illnesses. An increasing prevalence and severity of asthma has been reported worldwide. Indian studies are limited regarding asthma in children. Recent reports show wide variation 4-19% in the prevalence of asthma in India. Objective: To study the risk factors and triggering factors for bronchial asthma in children. Materials: This study has been conducted upon 92 children (n=92) suffering from bronchial asthma in ateaching hospital, Nizamabad, Telangana State, from 2013 to 2015, to find out the risk factors and triggering factors for bronchial asthma..........

Keywords: Bronchial Asthma, Risk Factors, Triggering Factors, Environmental Factors, Allergens, Physical Factors, Dietary Factors, Atopy, Emotional Factors, Stress, PEFR (Peak Expiratory Flow Recording), Ig-E antibodies.

[1] The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) steering committee. World wide prevalence of symptoms
of asthma, allergic rhino- conjunctivitis and atopic asthma. Lancet. 1998; 351:1225-35.
[2] Peat JK, Vandenberg RH, Curien WF. Changing prevalence of asthma in Australia children. BMJ. 1994; 308:1591-96.
[3] Paramesh H. Epidemiology of asthma in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2002; 69:309-12.
[4] Weiss KB, Wagenar DK. Changing pattern of asthma mortality: Identifying target population at risk. JAMA. 1990; 264:1683-87.
[5] Consensus guidelines on management of childhood asthma in India. Indian Pediatr. 1999; 36:157-64.

Abstract: Ankle and foot problems not only affect the general population, it also affects the dancers and athletes community. Bharathanatyam is one of the ancient classical dances in India which is a part of natya shastra a bible of classical dances. A total of 50 female bharathanatyam dancers were participated in this study. Arches of the foot were analyzed using plantar scan images (PSI) and the ankle and foot deviation are analyzed using foot posture index (FPI) scale..........

Keywords: Ankle, foot posture, flat foot, pronated foot, supinated foot, dancers foot.

[1] Valenti, E.E. et al., 2011. Evaluation of movements of lower limbs in non-professional ballet dancers: hip abduction and flexion.
Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology, 3(1), p.16. Available at: http://www.smarttjournal.com/content/3/1/16.
[2] Anon, 2008. Incidence and etiology of the most common injuries in professional dancers . A systematic review. , (January).
[3] Anbarasi, V., Rajan, D. V & Adalarasu, K., 2012. Analysis of Lower Extremity Muscle Flexibility among Indian Classical
Bharathnatyam Dancers. , 6(6), pp.167–172.
[4] Aydog, S.T. et al., 2005. Relation between foot arch index and ankle strength in elite gymnasts: a preliminary study. British journal
of sports medicine, 39(3), p.e13. Available at: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1725158&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract.

Abstract: Introduction: Bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics has risen dramatically, with extended spectrum β- lactamase (ESBL) contributing to this increase. Early identification of ESBL production is becoming increasingly important. Methodology: A total of 367 consecutive, urine samples from patients suspected to have UTI, were processed. All Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species isolated in significant numbers were included. The isolates were identified by standard microbiological procedures and AST was done according to CLSI guidelines...........

Keywords: E. coli, ESBL, Klebsiella, UTI

[1] Khurana Sumeeta, Taneja Neelam and Sharma Meera. Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) mediated resistance Klebsiella
species in urinary isolates of family enterobacteriaceae. Indian J. Med. Res. 2002; 116: 145-149
[2] Stefano C.M. Picozzi, Stefano Casellato, Mattia Rossini, Gaia Paola, Milvana Tejada, Elena Costa & Luca Carmignani. Extended
spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) positive E. coli causing complicated urinary tract infection : Urologist should act in time. Urol. Ann.
2014 Apr-June; 6(2):107-112
[3] Swaminathan Rajan, Veena Prabavathy. Antibiotic sensitivity and phenotypic detection of ESBL producing E.coli strains causing
UTI in a community hospital Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Webmed Central Pharmaceutical Sciences Nov. 2012;3(11)
[4] Jasmine Subashini and Krishanan Kannabiran. Screening and identification of ESBL pathogens in urine samples of UTI patients.
Trop. Med. Surg. 1:120 April 2013
[5] Narang R., Mahajan A., Deotale V., Mendiiratta D.K. and Narang P. Rapid detection of Extended spectrum β-lactamase in E.coli &
Klebsiella species isolated from children admitted in rural hospital. J. MGIMS.2005;10:24-28.

Abstract: Background: Axillary lymph node status is a vital prognostic indicator in the prognosis of the patients with carcinoma breast. The role of Sentinel lymph node biopsy in deciding the axillary node dissection in clinically node negative axilla is obvious. However there exists a debate regarding the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy after Neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This study assesses the efficacy & accuracy of SLNB by using peritumoral injection of a dye after NAC in carcinoma breast........

Keywords: Locally advanced breast cancer, Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, Sentinel lymph node biopsy, Methylene blue dye

[1] Evaluation of Sentinel Node Biopsy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer PatientsWho Become Clinically Node-Negative after
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Preliminary Study
[2] Shaji Thomas, Apurva Prakash, Vinay Goyal, Manju Bala Popli, Shilpi Agarwal, and Monisha Choudhury
[3] International Journal of Breast Cancer; Volume 2011, Article ID 870263
[4] Complications of Axillary lymph node dissection for carcinoma of the breast: a report based on a patient survey.
[5] M. A. Warmuth, G. Bowen, L. R. Prosnitz et al., Cancer, vol. 83, no.7, pp. 1362–1368, 1998

Abstract: Variations in insertion pattern of different tendon of dorsum of foot are not very common. Bifurcation of tendon of peroneus brevis and peroneus tertius was reported by some authors recently. In my present study we found that tendon of peroneus brevis was inserting on the base of fifth metatarsal and some part of the tendon is extending distally and ultimately inserted over the base of proximal phalanx of little toe. In the same cadaver we also found that some of tendon of extensor digitorum longus are joining the tendon of peroneus tertius and peroneus tertius is inserted over the lateral surface of shaft of fifth metatarsal........

Keywords: Peroneus brevis, Peroneus tertius, Tendons, Metatarsal.

[1]. Susan Standring,Gray's Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 40th Edition, Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, London,
2008, page no. 1419-1420.
[2]. Keith L Moore, Clinical Oriented Anatomy, 6th Edition, Published by, Wolters Kluwer (India) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-2009, page no.-
589
[3]. Snell R.S., Clinical anatomy for medical students, 7th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 2000, page no.-561-562
[4]. Bergman RA, Afifi A, Miyauchi R 2011. Anatomy Atlases is a Digital Library of Anatomy Information. Illustrated Encyclopedia of
Human Anatomic variation: Opus I: Muscular system: Alphabetical Listing of Muscles: P. Peroneus Brevis and Longus.
[5]. Bhargava KN, Sanyal KP, Bhargava SN 1961. Lateral musculature of the leg as seen in hundred Indian Cadavers. Ind J Med Sci,
15:181-185.

Abstract: Aim of Study: To compare the preemptive versus postoperative caudal epidural bupivacaine with morphine for postoperative analgesia in children. Materials and Methods: 100 ASA 1 & 2 children in the age group 2 to 12 years scheduled for sub-umbilical surgeries were enrolled in this prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled study. All children were premedicated with syrup promethazine 1mg/kg, induced with thiopentone 2.5% iv 5 mg/kg, intubated with suxamethonium 2mg/kg .No opioids, benzodiazepines or other drugs affecting pain processing were used in traoperatively.........

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[1]. Bonica JJ. Definitions and taxonomy of pain. In Bonica JJ, Editor. Management of Pain. Philadelphia : Lea and Febiger 1990.
[2]. Woolf CJ, Mun Sen Chong. Preemptive analgesia : Treating postoperative pain by preventing the establishment of central
sensitizations. Anaesthesia Analgesia 1993 : 77 : 362-276.
[3]. Raja SN, Meyer RA, Campbell JN. Peripheral mechanism of somatic pain. Anesthesiology 1993 :77 : 362 – 376.
[4]. MC Quary HJ. Preemptive Analgesia (Editorial). British Journal of Anaesthesia 1992 : 69 : 1 – 3.
[5]. Dubner R. Neuronal plasticity and pain following peripheral tissue inflammation or nerve injury. In Bond M.R Woolf C.J. eds.
Proceeding of the 6th world congress on pain Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1991 : 263 – 276.

Abstract: Childhood interstitial lung diseases (chILD) is a group of rare chronic and complex disorders of variable pathology. Diagnosis is challenging because of different imaging pattern and rarity of its occurrence . CT thorax of 15 patients, 24 days to 3 years, with symptoms of interstitial lung disease , were studied over a period of three years . Ground-glass opacities either isolated or associated with other findings like centrilobular nodules, air trapping, septal thickening, crazy-paving, consolidation was the predominant finding seen in CT. Certain chILD can be diagnosed with CT without the need of lung biopsy.........

Keywords: chILD = Childhood interstitial lung disease

[1]. Imaging of Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease ,Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. R. Paul Guillerman, M.D, 2010 Mar; 23(1):
43–68. ,doi: 10.1089/ped.2010.0010
[2]. Interstitial lung disease in children Early Human Development, Salvatore Cazzato a, Emanuela di Palmo a, Vincenzo Ragazzo b ,
Silvia Ghione c, 89 (2013) S39–S43
[3]. Infants and Young Children with Children's Interstitial Lung Disease , Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 2010 Mar; 23(1): 25–
Robin R. Deterding, M.D
[4]. Interstitial lung diseases in children, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases . Annick Clement, Nadia Nathan, Ralph Epaud, Brigitte
Fauroux and Harriet Corvol20105:22DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-22
[5]. Thoracic Findings of Systemic Diseases at High-Resolution CT in Children, Pilar García-Peña, MD, Helena Boixadera, MD, Ignasi
Barber, MD, Nuria Toran, MD, Javier Lucaya, MD, and Goya Enríquez, MD DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.312095160

Abstract: Acute rupture of the Achilles tendon can be easily diagnosed clinically by a physical examination, but incorrect early diagnosis can occur in 10% to 25% of acute rupture patients (Boyden et al., 1995; Gabel and Manoli, 1994). If the diagnosis of acute rupture is missed, a conservative treatment fails, or the rupture turns into a chronic injury from severe degeneration, discomfort is caused by reduced plantar flexion (Lee et al., 2009; Takao et al., 2003) which can only be reversed by surgical treatment (Wang et al., 2009; Wapner et al., 1993). Chronic Achilles tendon ruptures are defined as those with a time period 4 to 6 weeks between injury and
surgical management (Maffulli and Ajis, 2008)........

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[1]. Boyden EM, Kitaoka HB, Cahalan TD, An KN. Late versus early repair of Achilles tendon rupture. Clinical and biomechanical
evaluation. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995; (317):150-158.
[2]. Gabel S, Manoli A II. Neglected rupture of the Achilles tendon. Foot Ankle Int. 1994; 15(9):512-517.
[3]. Lee KB, Park YH, Yoon TR, Chung JY. Reconstruction of neglected Achilles tendon rupture using the fl exor hallucis tendon.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2009; 17(3):316-320.
[4]. Takao M, Ochi M, Naito K, Uchio Y, Matsusaki M, Oae K. Repair of neglected Achilles tendon rupture using gastrocnemius fascial
fl . Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2003; 123(9):471-474.
[5]. Wang CC, Lin LC, Hsu CK, et al. Anatomic reconstruction of neglected Achilles tendon

Abstract: Background: Increased life expectancy, urbanization, and its attendant life style changes, the overall epidemiological transition and a prolonged political turbulence in Jammu and Kashmir has exposed the population to multiple risk factors. This has given rise to numerous noncommunicable diseases including hypertension resulting in morbidity and mortality of various degrees. Given the complexity of the hypertension among the population both in rural and urban areas, the aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and the correlates of hypertension in Community Development Block Budgam, Central Kashmir.........

Keywords: Hypertension, Obesity, Overweight, Waist Hip ratio, Odds ratio, Determinants, Prevalence.

[1]. CM Lawes , S Vander Hoorn , A Rodgers . International Society of Hypertension. Global burden of blood pressure related disease, 2001.Lancet 2008; 371:1531
[2]. [SR Nichols, P Elliott. Hypertension. In Qualifying Global Health Risks; the burden of Disease Attributable to selected Risk factors edited by Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
Harvard University Press; 1996.
[3]. Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks (PDF), World Health Organization. 2009. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
[4]. World Health Organization, International Society of Hypertension Writing Group. World Health Organization (WHO)/lnternational Society of Hypertension(ISH) statement on management of
hypertension. J Hypertens, 2003; 21:1983-92.
[5]. A Chockalingam (May 2007). Impact of World Hypertension Day. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 23(7): 517-19

Abstract: Abstract: Background: One of the commonest problems and surgical emergency is the Acute Intestinal Obstructionwhich
a general surgeon has to face every day irrespective of day and night. This has to be examined in detail. Aim: To find out the incidence and causes of acute intestinal obstruction among the patients admitted and to identify the factors modifying the prognosis of the patient.
Material and Methods: This was an analytical study of patients admitted with the diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction who were operated upon. It comprised of 76 patients........

Keywords: Acute Intestinal Obstruction, hernioplasty

[1]. Arshad M, Malik, Madiha Shah, RafiquePathan, and Krishan Sufi, Pattern of Acute Intestinal Obstruction: Is there a change in the
underlying Eiology?, The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology, 2010; 16(4): 272-274.
[2]. Bailey and Love – Short Practice of Surgery, 1999, H.K lewis& Co Ltd., London
[3]. Emergency Abdominal Surgery by Peter F.Jones
[4]. Gill S.S and Eggleston F.C – Acute Intestinal Obstruction Archives of Surgery, 1998
[5]. Hamilton Baiely – Emergency Surgery

Abstract: The aim was to describe a large and interprofessional OSCE with first-year students from eight undergraduate health courses at the Federal University of Sergipe. This descriptive report involved the five years' experience on developing and implementing about an interprofessional OSCE, considering its challenges and perspectives. The campus uses active methodologies (problem-based learning), which the first year is common and mandatory for all undergraduate courses, with 480 students enrolled annually. This integrated and
humanistic curriculum has an annual cycle structured in interdisciplinary modules, such as Tutorial, Skills and Attitudes in Health (HAS) and the Community Teaching Practice.........

Keywords: practical assessment skills and attitudes in health, problem-based learning, interdisciplinary.

[1]. R.M. Epstein, Assessment in medical education, N Engl J Med., 356(4), 2007, 387–96.
[2]. Pelizzari A, Kriegl M de L, Baron MP, Finck NTL, Dorocinski SI, Teoria da aprendizagem significativa segundo Ausubel, Rev PEC, 2(1), 2002, 37–42.
[3]. L.C.M. Feuerwerker, J.J.N. Marins, S. Rego, J.B. Lampert, J.G.C. Araújo, Gestão dos processos de mudança na graduação em medicina, Educ médica em Transform instrumentos para a construção novas Real São Paulo Hucitec, (2004) 17–39.
[4]. L.C.M. Feuerwerker, R.R. Sena, Contribuição ao movimento de mudança na formação profissional em saúde: uma avaliação das experiências UNI, Interface (Botucatu), 6(10), 2002, 37–50.
[5]. M. Schoonheim-Klein, A.D. Walmsley, L. Habets, U. Van der Velden, M. Manogue, An implementation strategy for introducing
an OSCE into a dental school, Eur J Dent Educ., 9(4), 2005, 143–9.

Abstract: Radiation therapy is commonly applied to the cancerous tumor because of its ability to control abnormal cell growth also radiotherapy used to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery. Nowadays radiation is widely used for a variety of medical, scientific, and industrial purposes; of course we can say the Radiation is part of our daily life. In the Radiation therapy ionizing radiations are being commonly used to control, destroy the malignant cells. The healthy normal cells surround the tumors also may get side effect due to in correct dose calculation and delivery, these side effects may be more serious, so there should be basic and enough knowledge to the personal about radiotherapy planning related dose calculations and concerns.........

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[1]. Irradiation of lung and esophagus tumors: A comparison of dose distributions calculated by anisotropic analytical algorithm and
pencil beam convolution algorithm, a retrospective Dosimetric study-Emmanuel Amankwaa-Frempong, Frederik Vernimmen,
Samuel Nguah Blay, Ramalingam Ezhilalan
[2]. Clinical implications in the use of the PBC
[3]. algorithm vs the AAA by comparison of different NTCP models/parameters Antonella Bufacchi1*, Barbara Nardiello2,Roberto
Capparella3 and Luisa Begnozzi3
[4]. Krieger T, Sauer OA. Monte Carlo- versus pencil-beam-/collapsed-cone-dose calculation in a heterogeneous multi-layer phantom. Phys Med Biol 200
[5]. Lu L. Dose calculation algorithms in external beam photon radiation therapy. Int J Cancer Ther Oncol 2013;1:01025.

Abstract: Internal hernias are rare causes of small bowel obstruction, and one such internal hernia is the paracecal hernia. Paracecal hernia is a rare type of internal hernia and, though congenital in origin, may occur at any age, usually with symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction.We report a case of a small bowel obstruction related to a paracecal hernia in which a preoperative diagnosis was made on computed tomography. A laparotomy was performed for definitive diagnosis and treatment. The surgery achieved a good outcome.........

Keywords: Bowel obstruction; Internal hernia; Paracecal hernia, Small bowel, surgical treatment.

[1]. Osadchy A, Keidar A, Zissin R: Small bowel obstruction due to a paracecal hernia: computerized tomography diagnosis. Emerg Radiol, 2005; 11: 239–41
[2]. Blachar A, Federle MP: Internal hernia: an increasingly common cause of small bowel obstruction. Semin Ultrasound CT MR, 2002; 23: 174–83
[3]. Bass J Jr, Longley BJ: Paracecal hernia: case report and review of the literature. ,Am Surg, 1976; 42: 285–88 [4]. Rosen L, Woldenberg D, Friedman IH: Small bowel obstruction secondary to pericecal hernia. Dis Colon Rectum, 1981; 24: 45–46
[5]. Ghahremani GG. Internal abdominal hernias. Surg Clin North Am 1984;64:393–406