iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2018

Abstract: Introduction: In modern times, with the technological advancement, there is a trend of diminishing attendance in theory classes among undergraduate students. To improve the attendance in the classes, it is vital to know the time pattern of classes, nature of material used for teaching learning, method of conducting classes and scope for discussion.Objectives: The study was aimed at describing the time pattern, materials used, methods followed and attendance in undergraduate Dental Classes. Methodology: It is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted at North Bengal Dental College, Sushruat Nagar, Darjeeling, West Bengal in August 2017. Class representative were assigned to collect data from 32 consecutive classes on 17 subjects using a pre-designed & pre-tested data collection form. Result: Among 32 classes, 68.75%startedin scheduled time, 59.38% classes ended exactly on time and 53.13% classes..........

Keywords: Material & methods, Schedule, Undergraduate dental classes, West Bengal.

[1]. Datta R, Col. Datta K, Lt Col, Venkatesh M.D. Evaluation of interactive teaching for undergraduate medical students using a classroom interactive response system in India, Med J Armed Forces India. 2015 Jul; 71(3): 239–245. Published online 2015 Jun 19. doi: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.04.007.

[2]. Hobo K, Noritake K, Sunaga M, Miyoshi T, Cao R, Nitta H, Kabasawa Y, Kinoshita A.Effects of an interactive simulation material for clinical dentistry on knowledge acquisition and memory retention in dental residents.J Med Dent Sci. 2017;64(4):43-52. doi: 10.11480/jmds.640401.

[3]. Mahmoodi B, Sagheb K, Sagheb K, Schulz P, Willershausen B, Al-Nawas B, Walter C. Catalogue of Interactive Learning Objectives to improve an Integrated Medical and Dental Curriculum.JContemp Dent Pract. 2016 Dec 1;17(12):965-968.

[4]. Telang A, Jong N, Dalen JV. Media Matter: The Effect of Medium of Presentation on Student's Recognition of Histopathology. J ClinDiagn Res. 2016 Dec;10(12):JC01-JC05. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/22208.8969. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

[5]. Lahti M, Haapaniemi-Kahala H, Salminen L. Use of Social Media By Nurse Educator Students: An Exploratory Survey. Open Nurs J. 2017 Feb 28;11:26-33. doi: 10.2174/1874434601711010026. eCollection 2017.

Abstract: A well known endemic fluorosis area Dharmapuri district of Tamilnadu, India with most of the people are suffering from various degrees of skeletal, dental and non skeletal fluorosis, knowledge and attitude towards dental fluorosis necessary in prevention and early intervention after implementation of fluorosis mitigation project were not studied before. Objective: to study the awareness, knowledge and attitude towards dental fluorosis among Dharmapuri public aged 12-25 years living in Dharmapuri district, Tamilnadu, India after implementation of fluorosis mitigation project. Methods: A cross-sectional study random sample of 1000 aged 12-25 years. Data of awareness, knowledge and attitude toward dental fluorosis was collected through interview questionnaires...........

Key words: Dental fluorosis, awareness, knowledge, attitude, Dharmapui, Hogennakkal water supply and fluorosis mitigation project..

[1]. Jodalli PS, Ankola AV, Hebbal M, Vikneshan M. Aesthetic perceptions regarding fluorosis by children from an area of endemic fluorosis in India. Community Dent Health 2013; 30: 249-53.
[2]. Wondwossen F, Astrøm A, Bårdsen A, Bjorvatn K. Perception of dental fluorosis amongst Ethiopian children and their mothers. Acta Odontol Scand 2003; 61: 81-6
[3]. Meneghim M, Kozlowski F, Pereira A, Assaf A, Tagliaferro E. Perception of dental fluorosis and other oral health disorders by 12-year-old Brazilian children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2007; 17: 205-10.
[4]. Ayoob, S. and Gupta, A.K. Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Review on the Status and Stress Effects. Critical reviews in Environmental Science and Technology2006; 36, 433-487.
[5]. Neha Mumtaz and Dr. Govind Pandey, A Study on Integrated Fluorosis Mitigation Plan for Endemic Fluorosis Region – An Indian Perspective. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 2017, 84–91.

Abstract: In this study children with acute leukemia were evaluated for the incidence and sites of infection, correlation with absolute neutrophil count, causative organisms and to standardize the initial empirical anti microbial therapy as per culture sensitivity pattern. A total 40 children in the age group 6 month to 12 year with acute leukemia relapse were included in this study. A total 82 infectious episodes including 61 febrile episodes were investigated for infectious etiology. We found that the frequency of infections increased significantly with the degree of immunocompromisation specially neutropenia (ANC < 500/cmm). The skin and soft tissue was the commonest site of infection (26.83%), followed by respiratory tract (21.95%). Staphylococcus nonhemolytic coagulase-negative (34%), followed by Klebsiella (17%) were the most common organisms isolated from blood. Staphylococcus non-hemolytic coagulase-negative...........

Keywords: Infection, acute leukemia, children, antimicrobial therapy

[1]. Advani SH, Banavali SD. Pattern of infection in hematologic malignancies: An Indian experience. Rev Infect Dis 1989;1621-28.
[2]. Urrea M, Rives S, Cruz O, Navarro A, García JJ, Estella J. Nosocomial infections among pediatric hematology/oncology patients: results of a prospective incidence study. Am J Infect Control. 2004;32(4):205-8.
[3]. Miane J, Cheesels JM. Serious infections during continuing treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Arch Dis Child 1981; 56:841-4.
[4]. Pickering LK. Effect of chemotherapy agents on metabolic and bactericidal activity of polymorphonuclear leucocyte. Cancer 1978; 42:1741-6.
[5]. Qinan, Zhong-Da. Infection in acute leukemia: An analysis of 433 episedes. Rev lnfect Dis 1989; 2(Suppl 7 0:1613.20..

Abstract: Many lung cancers present in an advanced stage and only cytology specimens or small biopsies are available for diagnosis. In modern era therapy for lung cancer is based on subtype of cancer. Immunohistochemistry done on cell blocks of pleural samples help in subtyping of lung cancers. In this study,immunohistochemical analysis on plasma thromboplastin cell blocks of cytology samples of pulmonary lesions received as pleural effusion, bronchial wash and guided FNA of lung lesions were included. A total of 100 cases were studied by plasma thromboplastin method. By cell block technique, cytology specimen were made into mini paraffin embedded biopsy materials which are available for immunohistochemistry . All the 14 cases diagnosed to be malignant on cell block by Hematoxylin and Eosin stain were confirmed and subtyped by immunohistochemistry. A panel of immunohistochemistry.........

Key words: Cell block, Effusions, Immunohistochemistry, Pulmonary Lesions

[1]. Gupta N, Sekar A, Rajwanshi A. Role of FNAC, fluid specimens, and cell blocks for cytological diagnosis of lung cancer in the present era. J Cytol 2015;32:217-22.
[2]. KuIkarni MB, Prabhudesai NM, Desai SB, Borges AM. Scrape cell block technique for fine needle aspiration cytology smears. Cytopathology 2000;11:179-84.
[3]. Elizabath P Mathew and Vijayalakshmi Nair. Role of cell block in cytopathologic evaluation of image-guided fine needle aspiration cytology. J Cytol. 2017 Jul-Sep; 34(3): 133–138.

[4]. Prakriti Shukla, Sukhpreet Kaur, Hanni V Gulwani,Prakriti Shukla et al. Diagnostic utility of Plasma Thromboplastin cell block preparation in cytological evaluation of serous effusions. International Journal of Biomedical Research 2015; 6(11): 890-896.

[5]. Khan N,Sherwani RK,Afroz N,Kapoor S.Cytodiagnosis of malignant effusion and determination of primary site.Journal of cytology.2005;22:107-10..

Abstract: Background: Aim of the study is to determine the efficacy of sustained release chlorhexidine in collagen membrane in the management of chronic localised periodontitis Materials and methods: The study was conducted using 2.5 mg of chlorhexidine incorporated in fish collagen membrane. Patients with localized periodontitis with 5-8 mm pocket depth and single rooted teeth with involvement of one or two surfaces were included for the study. After one week of initial therapy (scaling) patients who maintain oral hygiene with PPD 5-8 mm were randomly assigned to control and test group of 61 sites each (35 patients in test group and 23 patients in control group). Test groups received Scaling and root planing (SRP )+ collagen chlorhexidine chip while the control group received SRP alone. Parameters probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and gingival index (GI) were recorded at baseline and at 1 ,3, 6 and 9 months were compared..........

Keyword's : Chlorhexidine, collagen membrane

[1]. Gulay Tuter, Muhittin Serdar, Bulent Kurtis. Effects of Scaling and Root planning and Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline on gingival crevicular fluid levels of matrix metalloproteinase- 8, - 13 and serum levels of HsCRP in patients with Chronic Periodontitis. J.Periodontol 2010; Vol 81: No 8: 1132-1139
[2]. Kornman K.S. The role of supragingival plaque in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. A review of current concepts. J. Periodont Res. 1986; 21 (Spec. Suppl. 16):5-22.
[3]. Gjermo p, Baastad KL, Rolla G. the plaque inhibiting caopacity of 11 antibacteial compounds. J Periodontal Res 1970: 5: 102 -109
[4]. Roberts WR, Addy M. Comparison of the invivo and invitro antibacterial properties of antiseptic mouthrinses containing chlorhexidine, alexidine, cetyl pyridinium chloride and hexetidine. Relevance to mode of action. J Clin Periodontol 1981: 8; 295-310
[5]. Addy M. Chlorhexidine compared with other locally delivered antimicrobials. A short review, J Clin Periodontol 1986: 13; 957- 964.

Abstract: Background: Infertility is defined as failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus. The male factor as a cause of infertility is present in 40-50% of cases. Objectives: The present study aims to assess the seminal patterns of male partners of 118 infertile couples for various parameters and their possible contribution to infertility. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on male partners of 118 infertile couples who were referred to Department of Pathology, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada for semen analysis. The semen was collected by masturbation in all cases in a sterile container. After liquefaction, basic analysis was done which includes volume, viscosity.............

Keywords: Semen analysis, Male infertility

[1]. .Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, de Mouzon J, Ishihara O, Mansour R, Nygren K, et al. International committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technology (ICMART) and the world health organization (WHO) revised glossary of ART terminology. Fertil Steril. 2009;92:1520-4.

[2]. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Fertil Steril. 2008;90(5 Suppl):S60.
[3]. WHO laboratory manual for the Examination and processing of human semen. WHO Manual. 5th ed. Geneva: WHO; 2010.
[4]. Burney RO, Schust DJ, Yao MWM.Infertility. In: Berek JS. Berek and Novak's Gynecology. 14th ed.Philadelphia: Lipincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007.p.1193.
[5]. Kulkarni SN, Kulkarni NV. Study of semen parameters in male partners among infertile couples. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2015;4:1016-9.

Abstract: Background: Mitotic count is a traditional and practical important method to determine proliferative activity. Immunohistochemical detection of proliferative cells is a alternative way to determine the proliferative potential of tumour, and the expression of Ki67antigen has a widely used marker.Ki67 is a nuclear protein expressed in cells during the active phase of the cellular cycle(G1, S, G2& M) and absent in G0 phase. The determination of growth fraction using Ki67 is a simple method and has been shown to have a prognostic value in a variety of malignancies. Material and methods : - The present study "Ki67 immunoexpression in ovarian tumours " was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in collaboration with the department of Pathology , RIMS, Ranchi, in the period between May 2013 to October 2014. Sample size were 100. Results: mean Ki67 index of benign ovarian tumours is 3.7..........

Keywords: ovarian tumour, Ki67, immunohistochemistry.

[1]. VG Padubidri/SN Daftary: Shaw's textbook of gynaecology 15th edition p.422,372
[2]. Hiralal Konar; DC Dutta"s textbook of gynaecology ;sixth edition Pg 277,354
[3]. Schully RE, Young RH, Clement PB- Tumours of the ovary, maldeveloped gonads, fallopian tube and broad ligament. In : Atlas of tumour pathology . Washington DC: armed forces Institute of pathology, 1998: Fascicle 23, 3rd series.
[4]. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, Murray T and Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2008. CA Cancer J Clin 2008; 58: 71-96.
[5]. Armstrong DK and Brady MF. Intraperitoneal therapy for ovarian cancer: a treatment ready for prime time. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 45314533.

Abstract: Introduction: Assaults were common cause for mandibular and zygomatic complex fractures. When trauma is reported from large industry urban areas with high unemployment, lower facial trauma from alterations are more common. By and large the therapeutic goal of any fracture management is to restore original anatomic form and function as soon as possible without any morbidity. Ideally this should be accomplished at the earliest with the least patient discomfort. Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of 2.0mm Locking plate/screw system on mandibular fracture patients, who reported to Department of Dental surgery, Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India. Material and Methods: Thirty cases of fracture mandible of age group 20 to 56 years were taken up for study. They were treated by open reduction.........

Keywords: Fracture mandible, locking plates, locking screws, fixation, miniplate

[1]. Ellis E, 3rd, Walker L. Treatment methods for fractures of the mandibular angle. Int J Oral MaxillofacSurg 1994; 28: 243-52
[2]. Lizuka T, Lindqvist C. Rigid internal fixation of fractures in the angular region of the mandible: an analysis of factors contributing to different complications. Plat reconstrSurg 1993;91:265-71.
[3]. Spiessl ; Internal fixation of Mandible : A Manual of AO/ASIF principles.1989; 5-37.
[4]. Verma A; Versatility of locking plates over conventional miniplates in mandibular fractures. Journal of innovative Dentistry 2011:1(1).
[5]. MicheletFX, Deymes J; Osteosynthesis with miniaturized screwed in maxilla-facial surgery., Osteosynthesis with miniaturized screwed plates in maxillofacial surgery. J oral MaxillofacSurg 1973;1:79.

Abstract: Statement of The Problem: The reuse of casting alloys has become customary for the economic reasons; the proportion of the fresh and reused alloysis a concern to maintain the properties of the casting restoration. Materials & Methods: Ni-Cr dental casting alloys are taken up for the study in a various combinations of fresh and recast alloys, and tested for castability, changes in chemical composition and microstructure. The alloy combination was grouped in four divisions, 100% fresh alloy, 50% fresh alloy with 50% recast ally,25% fresh alloy with 75% recast alloy and 100% recast alloy. A total 24 samples were prepared for castability with six samples in each group, and a single sample for each group to test the chemical analysis and microstructure evaluation.Hinmann's counting method for castability, optical emission spectroscopy for chemical composition analysis; light and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for microstructure.........

Keywords: castability, chemical analysis, microstructure evaluation, ni-cr alloy,recast alloys

[1]. Battaini P. Investment casting for oral cavity applications: Peculiarities and problems. la metallurgiaitaliana 2001; 10: 57-70
[2]. Donald A. Hesby, Peter Hobes. Physical properties of a repeatedly used non-precious metal alloy.J.Prosthet.Dent 1980; 44: 291-293.
[3]. Guilherme EP Henriques, Simon Ides Consani. Soldering and remelting influence on fatigue strength Co-Cr Alloys. J.Prosthet.Dent 1997; 78: 146-52.
[4]. Rosentiel. SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics. 3rd edition.
[5]. Rasmussen ,Doukoudakis AA. The effect of recast metal on the bond strength of Porcelain and gold-palladium alloy. J.Prosthet.Dent 1986; 55: 447-453..

Abstract: Aim: To study the clinical presentation, etiology, management and outcome of neonatal intestinal obstruction in children less than 28days old over a period of 5years in our department and review of relevant literature. Materials And Methods: It is a prospective study of 100 children within 28 days of birth with intestinal obstruction were managed from May 2010 to May 2015 at our department of paediatric surgery. Excluded from this study Anorectal malformations and Hirshsprungs disease. Results: The commonest cause was intestinal atresia 53, pyloric atresia/web one, duodenal atresia/web 17, jejuna atresia 15, ileal atresia 14, colon atresia 3, rectal atrsia one, multiple site atresias two, followed by malrotation and mid gut valvulus 22,Meconeum ileus 11, pneumoperitonium and peritonitis 5, gastric peraforation 3, anular pancreas 2, meckles diverticulum one, NEC 3. Out of100 neonates there were 65 males and 35 females. The mortality rate was 26%........

Key words: Intestinal obstruction, Neonate

[1]. WyllieR. Intestinal atresia, stenosis and malrotation; In: kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF(Editors) Nelsons text book of pediatrics, 18th edition, vol-2, Philadelphia; Saunders-Elseiver, 2008;1558-62.
[2]. Adejuybe o, Jeje EA, Owa J, Adeoba EA. Neonatal intestinal obstruction in Ife, Nigeria. Niger Med J 1992; 22:24-28.
[3]. Shalkow J. [Internet] Pediatric Small-Bowel Obstruction. Available from www.emedicine.medscape.com/article/93 0411-overview. Updated 61-02-2012, cited 11-01-2013.
[4]. D. Rathore, J. Ramji, R. Joshi, A. Shah, T. Dilhare, M. Bachani. Neonatal intestinal obstruction- four year experience. Bjkines-NJBAS volume -7 (1), June 2015.
[5]. AK Saha, MB Ali, SK Biswas, HMZ Sharif, A Azim. neonatal intestinal obstruction; patterns, problems and out come. Bang Med(khulna) 2012;45:6-10...

Abstract: Maternal deaths have been described as the tip of the iceberg and maternal morbidity as the base. For every woman who dies of pregnancy-related causes, 20 or 30 others experience acute or chronic morbidity, often with permanent sequelae that undermine their normal functioning.1,2 This can affect women's physical, mental or sexual health.2,3 Not surprisingly, the burden of maternal morbidity , like that of maternal mortality , is estimated to be highest in developing countries, especially among low socioeconomic status.4 The causes of maternal morbidity vary in duration and severity and cover a broad range of diagnoses requiring a wide variety of treatments. Maternal morbidity can be conceptualized as a spectrum ranging, at its mostsevere, from a "maternal near miss" – defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the near death of a woman who has survived a complication occurring during pregnancy or childbirth or within 42 days of the termination of pregnancy5 – to non-life...........

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Abstract: The excessive accumulation of fluid in the body cavities is called as effusion. Since the effusion fluids can be the face of the underlying pathology mostly due to Infections and malignancies the cytological evaluation of these serous effusions is performed mainly to establish the presence or absence of malignancy. Cytological differentiation of reactive mesothelial cells from malignant cells is often difficult by conventional cytology and hence Immunocytochemistry (IHC) is more sensitive and specific than other methods including the ease of availability. The aim of the present study is to analyze the samples of body fluids with a stress on differentiating between reactive mesothelial cells and the malignant cells. Materials& methods: Fluid samples that were received at the hospital cytology section of GSL General Hospital during the period from October 2013 to September 2015. Cytological smears and cell blocks were prepared and evaluated by cytomorphology in all the cases, cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done to identify cells as per the merit of the case using at least two IHC markers.............

Keywords: Effusions, Mesothelial cell, Calretinin, EMA

[1]. Marluce Bibbo, Comprehensive Cytopathology., Second edition 24th chapter.
[2]. Leopold G. Koss, Diagnostic Cytology and Its Histopathlogic Bases, 4th edition, volume -2, chapter 26.
[3]. Gia-Khanh Nguyen, Essentials of Fluid Cytology, First edition, 2009.page no.9

[4]. Edmund S. Cibas, Cytology: Diagnostic principles and clinical correlates.Chapter 5.
[5]. Atkinson and Sliverman, Atlas of Difficult Diagnoses in Cytopathology.1st edition Chapter 5. Effusion Cytopathology..

Abstract: Background: Oligohydramnios is a serious complication that is associated with low birth weight, Meconium aspiration syndrome, severe birth asphyxia, low APGAR score, and also maternal morbidity due to Caesarean section, increased induction rate and instrumental delivery. Early detection and management of oligohydramnios may reduce its adverse perinatal and maternal outcome. Methods: A Hospital-based study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government General Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa (YSR district), Andhra Pradesh. Duration of the study was 18 months i.e, from January 2016 to June 2017. 150 pregnant women of gestational age ≥ 34 weeks satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria are taken. Results: The incidence.........

Keywords: Oligohydramnios, Incidence, Maternal and perinatal outcome, Low birth weight

[1]. Williams Obstetrics. Cunningham FG, Gant NF, Leveno KJ, Gilstrap LC III, Hauth JC, Wenstrom KD: 21st Edition USA; McGraw Hill. Fetal Growth & Development. Chapter 7:142-143.
[2]. Moore TR. Clinical assessment of amniotic fluid. ClinObstetGynaecol1997;40(2):303–13.
[3]. Phelan JP, Smith CV, Broussard P, Small M (1987) Amniotic fluid volume assessment with the four-quadrant technique at 36-42 weeks gestation. J Reprod Med 32:540-542.
[4]. Rutherford SE, Phelan JP, Smith CV, Jacobs N (1997) The four-quadrant assessment of amniotic fluidvolume: An adjunct to antepartum fetal heart rate testing. Obstet Gynecol 70:353-356.
[5]. Jagatia K, Singh N, Patel S. Maternal and fetal outcome in oligohydramnios: A study of 100 cases. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2013; 2:724- 727..

Abstract: Schistosomiasis is considered as the second parasitic disease responsible for morbidity and mortality. The disease in prevalent in several tropical and subtropical regions with sub-Saharan Africa being among the highest endemic areas. In Sudan, the disease has been determined since the early twentieth century and it's prevalence has been increasing with the extension of irrigated agricultural schemes all over the country. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal and urinary schistosomiasis in two areas in Sudan, Alkalkla area in Khartoum State near the White Nile and Halfa Algadida, Kassala State, near Atbara River. This cross sectional laboratory based study was conducted between March to October 2011. 770 stool specimens and 770 urine specimens were collected from 720 inhabitants of the both study areas and 50 healthy controls. Samples were investigated by Kato............

[1]. Oliveira, G., Guilherme; Rodrigues N.B., Romanha, A.J. and Bahia, D. (2004). "Genome and Genomics of Schistosomes". Canadian Journal of Zoology 82 (2): 37-90.doi:10.1139/Z03-220.
[2]. Kheir MM, Eltoum IA, Saad AM, Ali MM, Baraka OZ and Homeida MM (February 1999). "Mortality due to Schistosomiasis mansoni: a field study in Sudan". Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 60 (2): 307-10. PMID 10072156
[3]. World Health Organization (WHO) (2002). Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva, World Health Organization, (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 912).
[4]. World Health Organization (WHO) (1993). Expert Committee on Control of Schistosomiasis. The control of schistosomiasis. Second report. Geneva, World Health Organization, (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 830).
[5]. Archibald RG. The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in the Sudan. J Trop Med Hyg 1933; 36: 345-8.

Abstract: Chronic liver disease in the clinical context is a disease process of the liver that involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis."Chronic liver disease" refers to disease of the liver which lasts over a period of six months. It consists of a wide range of liver pathologies which include inflammation(chronic hepatitis),liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma. A prospective study carried out in patients of CLD from December 2015 to September 2017 who had undergone treatment for the chronic liver disease in the department of Medicine and for hematological analysis in Department of Pathology, S.P. Medical College, Bikaner ,were included in this study.The present study comprised of 100 cases. Out of total, 90 (90%) were male and 10(10%) cases were female. In the study population, 51%(51) cases were Alcholic and 49% (49) were Non –Alcholic. In this study 24% cases have WBC count >11,000/ul. Neutrophilia in 38% cases, lymphopenia in 30% cases. Thrombocytopenia in 66% cases. MCV >100fl in 33% cases, MCV <80fl in 22% cases.........

Key words- Chronic liver disease, Alcoholic, Thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy

[1]. Harrison's Principal of internal medicine-18th ed
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[3]. Reverter JC. Abnormal hemostasis tests and bleeding in chronic liver disease: are they related? Yes. J ThrombHaemost. 2006:717–720.
[4]. RachelRosowsky and Peter W Marks. Haematological manifestations of systemic disease,liver disease and renal disease:In(eds)Ronald Hoffman, Edward J Benz, Bruce Furie. Haematology basic principles and practice.4thedition,ElsevierChurchillivingstone.Philadelphia. 2005:2564-2565
[5]. Alan B.M Grosset and George.M. Rodgers.Aquired coagulation disorders: In (eds) John Foerster, John Lukens, FrixosParaskevos; Wintrobes Clinical haematology .10thedition;Wiliams and WilkinsBaltimore,1999:1737-1739.