iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2018

Abstract: Background: Motion sickness is a syndrome characterized by nausea, vomiting and non vertiginous dizziness resulting from body motion while travelling. Drugs used to prevent this condition are antihistaminics like promethazine, phenergan and cinnarizine etc, and anticholinergics. Aim and objectives: To compare the effectiveness of Cinnarizine and Pheniramine maleate in prophylaxis of motion sickness at Tirumala. Materials and methods: 100 patients of group A with motion sickness received Cinnarizine and 100 patients of group B received Pheniramine maleate half an hour before journey. Results: No difference in prevention of all symptoms of motion sickness was observed between both drugs during and after the journey. Both drugs are equally effective. Conclusion: Pheniramine maleate is a cheaper but effective drug for prophylaxis of motion sickness

Keywords: Motion sickness, Cinnarizine, Pheniramine maleate , Patients , Tirumala

[1]. Andrew Brainard, MD, MPH; Chief Editor: Selim R Benbadis,Motion Sickness https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2060606-overview#a9
[2]. F. Schmäl Neuronal Mechanisms and the Treatment of Motion Sickness. Pharmacology 2013;91:229–241. https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/350185
[3]. James R. LacknerMotion sickness: more than nausea and vomiting Exp Brain Res (2014) 232:2493–2510 . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4112051/
[4]. Kennedy RS, Graybiel A, McDonough RC, Beckwith FD: Symptomatology under storm conditions in the North Atlantic in control subjects and in persons with bilateral labyrinthine defects. Acta Otolaryngol 1968;66:533– 540
[5]. Michel Treisman, Motion Sickness: An Evolutionary Hypothesis. SCIENCE, VOL. 197file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Motionsickness1977.pdf

Abstract: Background: The mass in the abdomen has wide spread implications and long exercised the minds of many researchers and health care providers. Right iliac fossa mass is a common condition encountered in our surgical practice.Aim: To study various diseases which can presents as mass in the right iliac fossa. To study age and sex distribution of various condition.Methodology: This is a study of 50 cases of mass in the right iliac fossa admitted to Govt. Royapettah Hospital Chennai during the period from January 2015 to Dec 2015. This study includes selection of patients with mass in right iliac fossa on a randomized and prospective basis.Results: In this study 56% of cases were related to appendicular pathology. 18% cases were Ileocecal tuberculosis . Incidence more common in 3rd decade.Conclusion: Appendicular pathology was the commonest pathology seen in the right iliac fossa region. Ileocecal tuberculosis is one of the differential diagnosis for the chronic abdominal pain in the rural population.

Key Words: Right iliac fossa mass, appendicular mass, ileocecal TB.

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Abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the preemptive analgesic effect of Diclofenac Sodium and Tramadol following surgical removal of mandibular third- molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients who were reporting to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SDM dental college for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third-molars. A double-blind clinical study was conducted among 50 patients. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I and group II included 25 patients each who were given oral diclofenac sodium 50 mg and tramadol 50mg tablets respectively, 1 hour before the procedure. All the operative procedures were done by a single operator. The 2 groups were compared and data was analysed statistically.............

Keywords: Pain, Diclofenac, Tramadol, Pre-Emptive analgesic, third molar extraction

[1]. de Sousa Santos J, da Silva L, de Santana Santos T, Menezes Júnior L, de Assunção Oliveira A, Brandão J. Comparative study of Tramadol combined with dexamethasone and Diclofenac sodium in third-molar surgery. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 2012;40(8):694-700.
[2]. Merskey H. Classification and diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Pain Res Manage 1996;1: 42-44.
[3]. Grape S, Tramer MR. Do we need preemptive analgesia for the treatment of postoperative pain? Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2007;21(1):51–63. [4]. Zuniga J, Phillips C, Shugars D, Lyon J, Peroutka S, Swarbrick J et al. Analgesic safety and efficacy of Diclofenac sodium softgels on postoperative third molar extraction pain. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2004;62(7):806-815. [5]. Ong C, Lirk P, Tan J, Sow B. The Analgesic Efficacy of Intravenous Versus Oral Tramadol for Preventing Postoperative Pain After Third Molar Surgery. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2005;63(8):1162-1168.

Abstract: Neonatal septicemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in new born infants. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key words in the management of neonatal sepsis. The signs and symptoms of Neonatal sepsis are very vague and Anticipation is forerunner of early diagnosis.. Ignaz Semmelweis and John Snow as early as 1847 carried out the first ever scientific epidemiological studies and suggested how diseases were transmitted and how simple measures could interrupt transmission. The maternal infection play important role in the pathogenesis of neonatal infection. This prospective study was under taken to know the association between maternal predisposing factors like maternal fever, prolonged rupture of membranes, premature labour and the resultant development of sepsis by performing blood culture , the gold standard for the diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis. 130 neonates who were enrolled in the study, Culture was bacteriologically positive in 25.4% cases.............

[1]. Paolucci M, Landini MP, Sambri V. How can the microbiologist help in diagnosing neonatal sepsis? Int J Pediatr. 20122012:120139. [2]. UNICEF, WHO, The World Bank, and The United Nations, corp-author. Levels and Trends in Child Mortality - Report 2011. UNICEF; New York, NY: 2011.

[3]. Qazi SA, Stoll BJ. Neonatal sepsis: a major global public health challenge. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009;28:S1–S2. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31819587a9.

[4]. Al-Taiar A, Hammoud MS, Cuiqing L, Lee JK, Lui KM, Nakwan N, Isaacs D. Neonatal infections in China, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Thailand. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2013;98:F249–F255. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-301767.

[5]. Loudon I. Semmelweis and his thesis. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2005 Dec;98(12):555

Abstract: Background Unintended pregnancy is a major challenge to the reproductive health of young adults especially, in developing countries like Nigeria where roughly one in every five pregnancies is unplanned. Emergency contraception (EC) has been shown to prevent up to 86% of expected pregnancies when administered within 72 hours of unprotected coitus. Aim This study assessed the awareness of emergency contraception among pregnant women attending antenatal care in a tertiary health institution in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria...........

Keywords: emergency contraception, awareness, Nigeria.

[1] Aziken ME, Okonta PI, Ande AB. Knowledge and perception of emergency contraception among female Nigerian undergraduates. Intern FamPlannPerspect 2003;29(2):84-7.
[2] Ezeibialu IU, Eke AC. Knowledge and Practice of Emergency Contraception Among Female Undergraduates in South Eastern Nigeria. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013 3(4):541–5.
[3] NasiruTajure, Pharm B. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Emergency Contraception Among Graduating Female Students of Jimma University, Southwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci 2010;20(2): 91–7.
[4] Ojiyi E, Anolue F, Ejekunle S, Nzewuihe A, Okeudo C, Dike E, et al. Emergency Contraception: Awareness, Perception and Practice among Female Undergraduates in Imo State University, Southeastern Nigeria. Ann MedHealthSci Res 2014;4(6):904-9.
[5] Tilahun D, Assefa T, Belachew. T. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Emergency Contraceptives Among Adama University Female Students. Ethiop J Health Sci 2010;20(3):195-202.

Abstract: Ameloblastoma is a rare, benign epithelial odontogenic tumor. This odontogenic neoplasm was first detailed and described by Falkson in 1879. Most common site of origin is posterior mandibular body ramus region. It resembles the cells of the enamel-forming organ. We present a case which demonstrates use of cone beam computed tomography in the diagnosis of large unicystic ameloblastoma in a 35 year-old female patient

Keywords: Unicystic ameloblastoma, Odontogenic tumors, Mandible.

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Abstract: The aim of the study is to perform a rapid laboratory test for early detection of clinically suspected neonatal sepsis cases. Objective(s):
1. Evaluate the usefulness of C-reactive protein as a biomarker for Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis .
2. To correlate the presence of C-reactive protein in blood culture positive cases of clinically suspected neonatal sepsis

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Abstract: Fracture femur is a particularly painful bone injury and requires surgical repair by internal fixation. Mostly neuraxial blockade in the form of spinal and epidural are used for performing the surgery and they provide excellent analgesia and relaxation of the thigh muscles. However the patient has to endure a lot of pain in the sitting position for performance of central neuraxial anaesthesia.Few studies have addressed this problem and comparison of various intravenous analgesic agents especially opioids with regional blocks have been done with varying results.In this study,intravenous injection Fentanyl 2μg/kg was compared with ultrasound guided femoral nerve block of the fractured limb.The results show that statistically both methods are comparable and there was no haemodynamic instability............

[1] Sadasivam Balkrishnan,Ratinder Jhaj and Vishnu Raj. Inaadequate pain relief for patients with trauma: A cause for concern? J.PharmacolPharmcother. 2013 Oct-Dec :4(4): 281-282
[2] Sivera A.A. Berben, Tineke H.J.M. Meijs, Robert T.M. van Dongen et al. Pain prevalence and pain relief in trauma patients in the Accident and Emergency department. Injury,volume 36,Isssue 5,May2008, page 578-585
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Abstract: Introduction: Program evaluation offers a systematic approach to examine health promotion initiative and guides to understand the impact a program has on the target population it serves. It is crucial that evaluation produces the information needed to improve the effectiveness of health promotion efforts to keep the program sustainable. Objective: The purpose of this study is aimed to evaluate the process and the outcome in term of effectiveness of Danta Bhagya Yojane. Methodology: A mixed method approach involving qualitative and quantitative method was employed based on a concurrent triangulation design.Data was collected via interviews, questionnaires, records and field notes. Evidence was triangulated to evaluate the programme. Results: An overall improvement in OHRQoL among the beneficiaries was observed............

Key Words- denture, evaluation, , programme, qualitative

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[2]. Thomson, W.M. Monitoring edentulism in older New Zealand adults over two decades: A review and commentary. Int. J. Dent. 2012, 2012, DOI:10.1155/2012/375407.
[3]. Wan He, Daniel G, Paul K.An Aging:2015.United States Census Bureau.2016 Mar:1-137.
[4]. Government of India. Elderly in India. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implimentation Central Statistics Office.2016. pp.09.
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Abstract: Background: Sepsis remains a major healthcare concern .Systemic inflammatory response is usually severe in patients with critical illnesses.ICU scoring systems like APACHE and SAPSII to predict mortality are done at 24 hour of admission during which precious time is lost in administering therapy. Microalbuminuria has shown as a predictor of organ failure and also mortality. Our study evaluates the role of microalbuminuria in predicting the mortality among critically ill patients. Methods: In a prospective, non-interventional study conducted on patients admitted to ICU of Institute of medical sciences madras medical college .A total of adult patients (>18 years) with a stay in the ICU for more than 24 h were included. Spot urine samples were collected at 6 and 24 hours of admission and were tested for urine micro albumin by immunoturbidometric method and for urine creatinine by Jaffe method and urine micro albumin: creatinine (Urine ACR) ratio was calculated. T For disease severity scoring, urinary micro albumin will be measured using the immunoturbidimetric method with an albumin creatinine ratio cut off of 30-300 mg/ L. The urine ACR Wasco-related with SAPSII score and mortality of the patients..........

Key Words- Sepsis Microalbuminuria, the APACHE II score.

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Abstract: Various intrathecal adjuvants are being used with local anesthetics for prolongation of intra-operative and postoperative analgesia. Dexmedetomidine (DMT), a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist is a new neuraxial adjuvant gaining popularity. The study included 60 ASA class I and II patients undergoing infra umbilical surgery under spinal anesthesia. The patients were randomly allocated into three groups (20 patients each).Each group recieved 4 μgm, 6μgm, and 8 μgm of DMT with 3 ml of bupivacaine respectively. The onset time to reach peak sensory and motor level, duration of sensory and motor block, duration of postoperative analgesia, hemodynamic.........

Key Words-Analgesia, Bupivacaine, Dexmedetomidine

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