iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2018

Abstract: Primary Neuroendocrine Tumors Of The Testis Are Rare And Account For Less Than 1 Percent Of The Testicular Tumors. The Cell Of Origin For The Same Is Unknown. There Have Been Only 60 Reported Cases Of Primary Net Of The Testis. We Report The Case Of A 23-Year-Old Boy, Who Presented With Heaviness In The Right Testis. A High Orchidectomy Was Carried Out. The Histopathology Was Reported As Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor Of The Right Testis, And Was Positive For Synapthosin, Chromogranin A On Immunohistochemistry..

Keywords: Neuroendocrine, Tumor, Testis

[1]. Ulbright Tm, Amin Mb, Young Rh. Atlas Of Tumor Pathology; Third Series, Fascicle 25. Washington, Dc: Armed Forces Institute Of Pathology; 1999. Tumors Of The Testis, Adnexa, Spermatic Cord, And Scrotum; P. 61.

[2]. Kardar Ah, Tulbah A, Peracha A, Merdad T, Al-Mathami A. Primary Carcinoid Tumor Of Testis. Ann Saudi Med. 1997;17:223–5. [Pubmed]

[3]. .Stroosma Ob, Delaere Kp. Carcinoid Tumours Of The Testis. Bju Int. 2008;101:1101–5. [Pubmed [4]. 10. Abbosh Ph, Zhang S, Maclennan Gt, Montironi R, Lopez-Beltran A, Rank Jp, Et Al. Germ Cell Origin Of Testicular Carcinoid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14:1393–6

[5]. Zavala-Pompa A, Ro Jy, El-Naggar A, Ordóñez Ng, Amin Mb, Pierce Pd, Et Al. Primary Carcinoid Tumor Of Testis. Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural, And Dna Flow Cytometric Study Of Three Cases With A Review Of The Literature. Cancer. 1993;72:1726–32

[6]. Abbosh Ph, Zhang S, Maclennan Gt, Montironi R, Lopez-Beltran A, Rank Jp, Et Al. Germ Cell Origin Of Testicular Carcinoid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14:1393–6.

Abstract: Sinus Is Blind Ended Epithelized Tract Lined With Granulation Tissue. Sinus, When Associated With Tuft Of Hairs, Known As Pilonidal Sinus. Pilonidal Sinus Usually Presents As Hair Containing Abscess. Most Common Site Of Presentation Of Pilonidal Sinus Is Sacro-Coccygeal Region. These Pilonidal Sinuses Can Be Found At Axilla, Inter Digital Web, Umbilicus, Suprapubic Area, Prepuce, Penis, Inter Mammary Region, Clitoris And Nose. Umbilicus Is A Rare Site To Occurrence Of Pilonidal Sinus. Umbilical, Pilonidal Sinus Victims Are Usually Active Young Males, Having Deep Naval And Hairy Abdomen. In These Hair Containing Sinuses, Bacteria And Debris Are Collected Which Leads To Formation Of Pus Filled Abscess. Treatment Options For Umbilical Sinus Are Conservative, Which Includes Increase In Hygiene And Hair Extraction And Surgery. Indication Of Surgery Is Usually Failure Of Conservative Therapy.

[1]. Thorlakson RH. Pilonidal Sinus Of The Umbilicus. Br J Surg. 1966; 53(1):76-8.
[2]. Williams ES, Patey D. Pilonidal Sinus Of The Umbilicus. Lancet. 195;271:281–2.
[3]. Eryilmaz R, Sahin M, Okan I, Alimoglu O, Somay A. Umbilical Pilonidal Sinus Disease: Predisposing Factors And Treatment. World J Surg. 2005;29(9):1158-1160
[4]. Mustafa G, Akber G, Lodhi JK, Mutahir M, Malik A. Umbilical Pilonidal Sinus. J Ayub Med Coll. 2014;26(1):100–01
[5]. Mcclenathan JH. Umbilical Pilonidal Sinus. Can J Surg. 2000; 43:225..

Abstract: The Root Canal Treatment Of A Mandibular Molar With Aberrant Canal Configuration Can Be Diagnostically And Technically Challenging. Usually Mandibular Molars Have Two Roots With Three Canals But In Few Teeth, The Number Of Roots And Canals May Vary. Radix Entomolaris Is One Of The Anatomical Variant Found In A Permanent Mandibular Molar Was First Decribed By Carabelli. It Is Characterized By The Presence Of Additional Or Extra Third Root, Which May Be Typically Found Distolingually. Achieving The Endodontic Success In The Presence Of An Re Requires Knowledge About Its Prevalence, Diagnosis, Morphology, Canal Configuration, And Clinical Approach. This Report Discusses Endodontic Treatment Of Two Different Mandibular Molars Having Radix Entomolaris (Re)..

[1]. Carabelli G. Systematisches Handbuch Der Zahnheilkunde. 2nd Ed. Vienna: Braumullerund Seidel; 1844;114.
[2]. Tu Mg, Huang Hl, Hsue Ss, Hsu Jt, Chen Sy, Jou Mj Et Al. Detection Of Permanent Three-Rooted Mandibular First Molar By Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Imaging In Taiwanese Individuals. J Endod 2009;35:503-7.
[3]. Garg Ak, Tewari Rk, Kumar A, Hashmi Sh, Agrawal N, Mishra Sk. Prevalence Of Three-Rooted Mandibular Permanent First Molars Among The Indian Population. J Endod 2010;36:1302-6.
[4]. Gulabivala K, Aung Th, Alavi A, Ng Y-L. Root And Canal Morphology Of Burmese Mandibular Molars. Int Endod J 2001;34;359–70.
[5]. De Moor Rj, Deroose Ca, Calberson Fl The Radix Entomolaris In Mandibular First Molars: An Endodontic Challenge. Int Endod J 2004; 37; 789–99...

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to find out the relationship between body fat distribution and selected metabolic variables of Bengalee mid-age males who confine themselves within physical activities required for routine living only.15 working men aged 35-45 years were selected from Birbhum district of West Bengal, India as subjects for this study. Body fat distribution and selected metabolic markers were chosen as parameters. Body fat distribution was assessed from Body mass index (BMI), Waist to hip ratio (WHR) & % Body fat (BF) while selected metabolic variables were Systolic & diastolic blood pressure (SBP & DBP), fasting Blood glucose (BG), blood Triglycerides (BTGc), blood Cholesterol (BCh), HDL, LDL and VLDL. All tests and measuring procedures were standard.........

Key words:Body Fat Distribution, Metabolic Variables, Sedentary men.

[1] Björntorp P 1991 Metabolic implications of body fat distribution. Diabetes Care 14:1132–1143[PubMed]

[2] Kissebah AH, Krakower GR 1994 Regional adiposity and morbidity. Physiol Rev 74:761–811[PubMed]

[3] Kissebah AH, Alfarsi S, Adams PW, Wynn V 1976 Role of insulin resistance in adipose tissue and liver in the pathogenesis of endogenous hypertriglyceridaemia in man. Diabetologia 12:563–571[PubMed]

[4] Cassano PA, Segel MR, Vokonas PS, Weiss ST 1990 Body fat distribution, blood pressure, and hypertension. A Prospective cohort study of men in the normative aging study. Ann Epidemiol 1:33–48 [PubMed]

[5] Seidell JC, Cigolini M, Deslypere J, Charzewska J, Ellsinger B, Cruz A 1991 Body fat distribution in relation to serum lipids and blood pressure in 38-year-old European men: the European fat distribution study. Atherosclerosis 86:251–260 [PubMed].

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is rapidly increasing in incidence and prevalence worldwide. As a result there is growing concern not only about the rapid increase but in the changing pattern of these diseases that are now appearing in developing countries. This change in pattern is partly due to the sedentary lifestyle now occurring in these countries of economic transition. It is being projected that with this epidemiologic shift, the burden of cardiovascular disease will be greater in the years to come. Hence experts advocate the importance of applying a life course approach to the prevention and control of these diseases. Physical exercise plays a major role in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease. It not only addresses the sedentary lifestyle but is also able to control most cardiovascular disease risk factors. If health care professionals can ensure compliance to prescribed physical exercise, then the much advocated life course approach to prevention and control of cardiovascular disease has been identified...

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, physical exercise, physical activity, prevention.

[1] Technical Report Series, 916, Report of a Joint WHO and FAO Expert Consultation, Geneva.
[2] Gortmaker SL, Must A, Perrin JM, Sobol A M, et al. Social and economic consequences of overweight in adolescent and young adulthood. N Engl J Med. 1993;329: 1008-1012.
[3] Popkin BM. An overview of on the nutrition transition and its health implications: The Bellagio meeting. Public Health Nutrition. 2002; 5(1A): 93-103.
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[5] Paul DT, David B, Ileana LP, et al. Exercise and Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2003; 107:3109-3116..

Abstract: The musculocutaneous nerve is a branch coming from lateral cord of brachial plexus. After origin it enters the arm by piercing the coracobrachialis and supplies it along with other muscles of arm, then it continue into the forearm as lateral cutaneous of forearm. Variations in the branching pattern of nerve are not uncommon but have clinical significance during surgical procedures involving brachial plexus block and in diagnostic clinical neurophysiology.Methods:In the present study, 100 upper limbs of 50 cadavers preserved with formalin available in the department of anatomy were dissected and the formation, course, relations and branches of musculocutaneous nerve in the axilla, arm, forearm and hand were observed and compared with the previous studies of various authors.Results.......

Keywords: musculocutaneous nerve, coracobrachialis, median nerve, variations.

[1] Gray's Anatomy .40th Edn: the anatomical basis of clinical practice.London: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.2005;724-28
[2] Malukar O, Rathva A. A Study of 100 Cases of Brachial Plexus. National Journal of Community Medicine. 2011; 2 (1): 166- 169.

[3] Bhudiraja,V. Anatomical variations of median nerve formation: embryological and clinical correlation J. Morphol. Sci., 2011, vol. 28, no. 4, p. 283-286.
[4] Channabasanagouda et al A study of anatomical variations of median nerve in human cadavers IJBR (2013) 04 (12).
[5] Nandhini V, Dhivya S, Ranganath P. Variable communications between median and musculocutaneous nerves: a neuroanatomic perspective. Journal of Research in Human Anatomy and Embryology 2015; Vol. 1, Issue 1, July-December 2015; Page: 9-12.

Abstract: Objective: To measure the length and breadth and attachment of papillary muscles in both ventricles of human hearts. Introduction: The papillary muscles of heart are conical in projections into the respective chamber of myocardium covered by endocardium. Functionally the papillary muscles are important part of the respective valve complex. They prevent the cusps of a valve from being everted when ventricle contracts. Contraction of papillary muscle prevents backward flow of ventricular blood into the atria by bracing the atrioventricular valves. This is due to high pressure of blood flow through the ventricles. During this process over a period the papillary muscle fibers tend to undergo wear and tear and sometimes detach themselves from the ventricular walls. In many cases rupture of papillary.......

Keywords: Ventricles, Papillary muscle bellies

[1] Hashimoto K, Oshiumi M, Takakura H, Sasaki T, Onoguchi K. Congenital mitral regurgitation from absence of the anterolateral papillary muscle. Annals of Thoracic Surgery .2001; 72: 1386-1387.
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[3] Kron IL, Green RG and Cope JT. Surgical Relocation of the Posterior Papillary Muscle in Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2002; 74:600 –601.
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[5] Harsha BR, Dakshayani KR. Morphometric Study on Anterior Papillary Muscles of Human Tricuspid Valve. International journal of recent trends in science and technology. 2014; 10 (1): 108-110...

Abstract: Navicular injuries are not so uncommon nowadays with the advent of increased sports and physical training. There are three main types of fracture to navicular bone namely cortical avulsions, fractures of the tuberosity and fractures of the body. Stress fractures are occasionally seen in athletes. Most common ones are the cortical avulsion fractures which are the result of a twisting injury rupturing the strong talonavicular capsule and the most anterior fibres of the deltoid ligament with a bone fragment being avulsed. Conservativetreatment consists of a short leg walking cast for 6 weeks. If the fragment includes more than 20% of the articular surface, or if there is significant instability seen on a stress-x-ray, it should be stabilized with screws. In this case report we illustrate the management of one such cortical avulsion of the navicular managed with percutaneous screw fixation with excellent outcome according to Karlsson and Peterson scoring system for ankle function.

Keywords: Navicular Fracture, Percutaneous Fixation, Cortical Avulsion fracture.

[1]. Sangeorzan BJ, Benirschke SK, Mosca V, Mayo KA, Hansen ST Jr. Displaced intra-articular fractures of the tarsal navicular. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989 Dec. 71(10):1504-10.

[2]. Towne LC, Blazina ME, Cozen LN. Fatigue fracture of the tarsal navicular. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970 Mar. 52(2):376-8.

[3]. Simons SM. Foot injuries of the recreational athlete. Phys Sportsmed. 1999 Jan. 27(1):57-70.

[4]. Torg JS, Pavlov H, Cooley LH, Bryant MH, Arnoczky SP, Bergfeld J, et al. Stress fractures of the tarsal navicular. A retrospective review of twenty-one cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1982 Jun. 64(5):700-12.

[5]. Samoladas E, Fotiades H, Christoforides J, Pournaras J. Talonavicular dislocation and nondisplaced fracture of the navicular. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2005 Feb. 125(1):59-61....

Abstract: Shoulder pain is a significant cause of morbidity in manual labourers. Shoulder pain increases the financial burden towards health care expenses. Our aim was to study the spectrum of shoulder pathologies in manual labourers presenting with shoulder pain. It is a retrospective analysis of MRI shoulder study performed on 51 patients working as manual labourers in industries.In our study, Rotator cuff injuries are a major cause of shoulder pain, in about 78% of our patients, biceps avulsion in 2%, Shoulder dislocation in 5%, degenerative joint disease in 3%, labro-ligamentous pathologies in 8%, cervical rib/ clavicle fracture in 2% and metastasis in 2%.MR imaging of shoulder in manual labourers with shoulder pain is essential to make early diagnosis of the cause. After identification of cause of shoulder pain, appropriate early management can be instituted; so that the morbidity is decreased and there is early return to work. Plain radiograph can act as a useful screening modality in patients with shoulder pain.

Key Words: Manual labour, MRI shoulder, Radiograph,Rotator cuff, Shoulder pain Abbreviations – MRI – Magnetic resonance imaging

[1] Linaker and Walker-Bone, Shoulder Disorders and Occupation Best Pract Res ClinRheumatol. 2015 June; 29(3): 405–423. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2015.04.001
[2] Rhode BA, Rhode WS (2015) Occupational Risk Factors for Shoulder Tendon Disorders 2015 Update. MOJOrthopRheumatol 3(4): 00104. DOI: 10.15406/mojor.2015.03.00104

[3] Petersson CJ, Redlund-Johnell I et al, ActaOrthop Scand. 1984 Feb; 55(1):57-8. The subacromial space in normal shoulder radiographs.

[4] Goutallier D, Postel JM, Bernageau J, Lavau L, Voisin MC. Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures: pre- and postoperative evaluation by CT scan. ClinOrthopRelat Res 1994; 304:78–83
[5] Ahmed M Tawfik, Ahmad El-Morsy, Mohamed AboelnourBadran; Rotator cuff disorders: How to write a surgically relevant magnetic resonance imaging report? World J Radiol 2014 June 28; 6(6): 274-283; ISSN 1949-8470 (online)...

Abstract: Introduction: sinusitis is a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses.Chronic sinusitis is defined as symptoms lasting longer than 8 weeks, with a global prevalence of around 10.9% with significant impairment in health related quality of life. Imaging advances, increased understanding of the anatomy and the pathophysiology of chronic sinusitis, and image-guided surgery have allowed surgeons to perform more complex procedures with increased safety.FESS emerges as the primary surgical modality for sinus diseases, the most common procedure being middle meatal antrostomy (MMA).Controversy exists over the effectiveness of FESS, judging on subjective and objective parameters .Hence it warrants further research. AIM:To determine the efficacy of middle.......

Keywords: middle meatal antrostomy, MMA, maxillary sinusitis.

[1] Slavin RG. The diagnosis and management of sinusitis: A practice parameter update. J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2005, 116: (6 Suppl): 13-47.
[2] Sanna K. Toppila-Salmi, Jyri P. Myller, Tommi V. M. Torkkeli, Jarkko V. Muhonen, Jutta A. Renkonen,Markus E. Rautiainen, and Risto L. O. Renkone Endothelial L-Selectin Ligands in Sinus Mucosa during Chronic Maxillary Rhinosinusitis. Am J RespirCrit Care Med Vol171.pp 1350–1357, 200
[3] Pearlman AN, Conley DB (June 2008). "Review of current guidelines related to the diagnosis and treatment of rhinosinusitis". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 16 (3): 226–30. PMID 18475076. doi:10.1097/MOO.0b013e3282fdcc9a
[4] Rudmik, L. & Smith, T.L. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep (2011) 11: 247.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-010-0175-2
[5] Gairola P, Bist SS, Mishra S,. Agrawal V. Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients of Chronic. Rhinosinusitis. ClinRhinol An Int J 2014 ...

Abstract: Background:Benign prostatic hyperplasia is very common in old ages. In India,few only present with symptoms . Few were detected to have the benign enlargement when they were screened prior to surgery for inquinal hernia or so. Bacteriuria and urinary tract infections are common sequelae of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Thus, the knowledge of urine bacteriology in men with symptomatic BPH in our environment may play acomplementary role in management.
Objectives: To determine the incidence of bacteriuria and the antibioticsensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates in cultured urine samples of men with symptomatic and asymptomatic BPH. Material andMethods: This was a prospective study conducted........

Keyword: Bacteriuria, benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infection.

[1] Bock-Oruma AA, Dienye PO, Oghu IS. Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in primary care. Port - Harcourt, Nigeria. S AfrFam Med 2013;55:467-72.
[2] Amu OC, Udeh EI, Ugochukwu AI, Dakum NK, Ramyil VM. The value of international prostate symptom scoring system in the management of BPH in Jos, Nigeria. Niger J ClinPract 2013;16:273-8.
[3] Nekic VC, Tiljak H, Petricek G, Soldo D, Nekic G, Buljan N. Quality of life assessment of the male with benign prostate hypertrophy. Acta Med Croatica 2007;61:49-55.
[4] Shortliffe LM, McCue JD. Urinary tract infection at the age extremes: Pediatrics and geriatrics. Am J Med 2002;113Suppl 1A: 55S-66S.
[5] Gómez Y, Arocha F, Espinoza F, Fernández D, Vásquez A, Granadillo V. Zinc levels in prostatic fluid of patients with prostate pathologies. Invest Clin 2007;48:287-94..

Abstract: Background: Elevated intraocular pressure is the most frequent postoperative complication demanding treatment following phacoemulsification.So this study has been carried out to evaluate the effect of 0.5% intracameral pilocarpine on intraocular pressure changes after topical phacoemulsification and to compare it with an age matched group of patients undergoing topical phacoemulsification without pilocarpine. The aim was to see if intraoperative use of 0.5% intracameral pilocarpine will prevent the post operative spike of intraocular pressure following phacoemulsification. Methods: Patients were randomly divided into two groups: group 1 (50 eyes) with 0.5% intracameral pilocarpine after completing phacoemulsification under topical anaesthesia and group 2 (50 eyes) without 0.5% intracameral pilocarpine. Every alternate...............

Keywords: Intracameral Pilocarpine, Phacoemulsification

[1] Barak A, Desatnik H, Ma-Naim T. Early postoperative intraocular pressure pattern in glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous patients. J Cataract Refract Surg 1996;22:607-11.

[2] Parag A, Gokhale, Patterson E. Elevated IOP after cataract surgery. J Cataract & Refract surgery 2008 July;71-4.
[3] Kohnen T, Wang L, Friedman NJ, Koch D. Complications of cataract surgery. In:Myron Yanoff & Jay S Duker Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. China: Mosby Elsevier; 2009. p. 489.

[4] Hildebrand GD, Wickremasinghe SS, Tranos PG. Efficacy of anterior chamber decompression in controlling early intraocular pressure spikes after uneventful phacoemulsification. J Cataract Refract Surg 2003;29:1087-92.

[5] Wutthiphan S, Hanutsaha P, Jenchitr W. Intracameral pilocarpine in topical emulsification. J Med Assoc Thai 2000;83:1452-7...

Abstract: Introduction: Maternal death is more common in developing countries than developing countries. Though the death rate is declining, there are new targets set to accelerate the decline. One of the main way to reduce the maternal death is through proper Antenatal care. Objective: To determine number of antenatal visits and to assess the knowledge and practice regarding antenatal care among mothers. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital, of West Bengal state with the sample of 154 using pretested questionnaire. Results: Out of 154 participants, awareness about antenatal care is present for 35.7% and 90.26% had more than 3 antenatal visit. Around 40.9% had awareness about IFA tablets and TT immunisation. Around 41.6% had gender preference and 27.3% had preference for male child.....

Keywords:Antenatal care, IFA tablets, TT immunisation, Gender preference, Family planning

[1] Antenatal care [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2018 [cited 25 February 2018]. Available from: http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/ANC_infographics/en/
[2] Maternal mortality [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2018 [cited 25 February 2018]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs348/en/
[3] Maternal and reproductive health [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2018 [cited 25 February 2018]. Available from: http://www.who.int/gho/maternal_health/en/
[4] [Internet]. Who.int. 2018 [cited 25 February 2018]. Available from: http://www.who.int/gho/maternal_health/countries/ind.pdf?ua=1
[5] [Internet]. Rchiips.org. 2018 [cited 25 February 2018]. Available from: http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf

Abstract: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD)is separation of neurosensory retina from retinal pigment epithelium with accumulation of sub-retinal fluid within the potential space in between. RRD is caused by a full thickness break in the neurosensory retina which initiates separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. Vitreous synresis needs to be there for seepage of SRF and detachment. OCT enables noncontact, noninvasive imaging of the anterior eye as well as of morphologic features of the human retina including the fovea and optic disc1-2using near infrared low coherent light passing through a Michelson interferometer to obtain two dimensional images of the retina and optic nerve head. OCT has gained popularity not only in medical retina, such as in cases of macular hole, retinal detachment, epiretinal membrane. Optical coherence tomographyis of two.............

[1]. Swanson EA, Izatt JA, Hee MR, Huang D, Lin CP, Schuman JS, Puliafito CA, Fujimoto JG. In vivoretinal imaging by optical coherence tomography. Opt Lett. 1993;18:1864–1866.

[2]. Izatt JA, Hee MR, Swanson EA, Lin CP, Huang D, Schuman JS, Puliafito CA, Fujimoto JG. Micrometer-scale resolution imaging of the anterior eye in vivo with optical coherence tomography. Arch Ophthalmol.1994;112:1584–1589.

[3]. Puliafito CA, Hee MR, Schuman JS, Fujimoto JG. Optical Coherence Tomography of Ocular Diseases.Thorofare, NJ: Slack Inc; 1996.

[4]. Manish Nagpal et all. Morphometrical analysis of fovea with SD-OCT and visual outcome post surgery for retinal detachment. Indian J Ophthalmol, aug 2014;62(8):846-850

[5]. Joe SG, Kim yj et all. Structural recovery of detached macula after retinal detachment repair as assessed by OCT. Korean J Ophthalmol.2013 Jun;27(3):178-85.doi:10.3341/kjo.2013.27.3.178.Epub 2013 May 7.

Abstract: Background:Although adenocarcinomas are the most common tumors of pancreas the incidence of non adenocarcinomatous tumors e.g. neuroendocrine neoplasms, solid pseudopapillary neoplasms is rising partly due to advancement in diagnostic methods. AIMS and Objectives :To study the histopathological patterns of non adenocarcinomatous tumours of pancreas (Benign as well as Malignant) and to study the clinical profile of the patients related to age, gender, symptoms, radiological findings. Subjects and Methods:The study was conducted at Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir in the department of Pathology. It was a prospective study for a period of one and a half years(1.5 yrs) from July 2013 to December 2014 and retrospective for a period of 19 years from July 1994 to June 2013.The study included all the cases of non adenocarcinomatous tumors of pancreas (benign as well as malignant) .......

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[3] Glenn K Bonney, Dhanwant Gomez, Sakwhat H Rahman, Caroline S Verbeke, K Raj Prasad, Giles J Toogood, J Peter A Lodge, Krishna V Menon: Results Following Surgical Resection for Malignant Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours. A Single Institutional Experience JOP. Journal of the Pancreas 2008; 9(1): 19-25

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[5] M. E. Abreu, M. Palmeiro, J. Niza, S. Vinhais; Lisbon/PT Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the pancreas: clinical, pathologic and cross-sectional imaging analysis according to the 4th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the digestive system.

Abstract: Background: The increased availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients has led to significant reduction in mortality. However, there is increasing evidence that stable HIV positive patients on HAART have chronic underlying inflammation. This leads to premature age associated non-Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related events. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in HIV positive patients has been associated with disease progression, chronic non-communicable diseases and increased mortality. Both HIV and HAART have been shown to increase the risk of VDD. Furthermore, supplementation of vitamin D has been shown to reduce HAART related bone mineral density loss by up to 50%. Objective: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adult HIV infected persons at Mbagathi district hospital...........

[1] WHO | HIV/AIDS [Internet]. WHO. [cited 2015 May 8]. Available from: http://www.who.int/gho/hiv/en/
[2] 2014 kenya HIV estimates report - Google Search [Internet]. [cited 2015 May 8]. Available from: https://www.google.com/search?q=2014+kenya+HIV+estimates+report&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8
[3] Pinzone MR, Di Rosa M, Malaguarnera M, Madeddu G, Foca E, Ceccarelli G, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in HIV infection: an underestimated and undertreated epidemic. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2013;17(9):1218–1232.
[4] Viard J-P, Souberbielle J-C, Kirk O, Reekie J, Knysz B, Losso M, et al. Vitamin D and clinical disease progression in HIV infection: results from the EuroSIDA study. Aids. 2011;25(10):1305–1315.
[5] Shahar E, Segal E, Rozen GS, Shen-Orr Z, Hassoun G, Kedem E, et al. Vitamin D status in young HIV infected women of various ethnic origins: Incidence of vitamin D deficiency and possible impact on bone density. Clin Nutr. 2013 Feb 1;32(1):83–7..

Abstract: Begign cystic peritoneal cystic mesothelioma is a benign neoplasm with high recurrence rate and aggressive behavior. We report a 38 years old female patient who had surgical resections three times in the two last years and we discuss the pathological features and therapeutics options of this disease.

Keywords: mesothelioma, cyst, surgery, intraperitoneal chemotherapy, recurrence,

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[3] Ianieri MM, Buca DIP, Falò E, Di Lorito A, Liberati M. Incidental benign cystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum: A case report. J Obstet Gynaecol J Inst Obstet Gynaecol. 2016;36(1):135‑6.

[4] Pelosi G, Zannoni M, Caprioli F, Faccincani L, Battistoni MG, Balercia G, et al. Benign multicystic mesothelial proliferation of the peritoneum: immunohistochemical and electron microscopical study of a case and review of the literature. Histol Histopathol. oct 1991;6(4):575‑83.

[5] Urbańczyk K, Skotniczny K, Kuciński J, Friediger J. Mesothelial inclusion cysts (so-called benign cystic mesothelioma)--a clinicopathological analysis of six cases. Pol J Pathol Off J Pol Soc Pathol. 2005;56(2):81‑7.