iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2018

Abstract: Aim: The aim of thisin vivostudy is to compare the effect of pretreatment paracetamol & aceclofenac on postendodontic pain. Materials & Methodology: 90 patients were divided into three groups of 30 patients and were given medication 30 minutes before the beginning of the procedure. Preoperative medication includes Paracetamol, Aceclofenac, and Placebo tablets. When instrumentation was completed, the canals were dried using paper points & intracanal medicament placed. The access cavity was closed withprovisional restorative material. Patients were instructed to maintain a pain diary at 6, 12, and 24 hours. The data was statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: The result showed that postoperative pain reduction by aceclofenac is better at 6 hours and 12 hours followed by paracetamol and placebo. Conclusion:It can be concluded that aceclofenac was better in postoperative pain reduction when administered preoperatively 30 minutes before the beginning of the procedure. Aceclofenac was associated with the lowest level of postendodontic pain followed by paracetamol.

Key Words:Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Root Canal Therapy, Pain control, Inflammation Mediators, Post-endodontic Pain

[1]. Hargreaves K, Abbott PV. Drugs for pain management in dentistry. Australian dental journal. 2005 Dec 1;50(s2).
[2]. Devaraj CG, Eswar P. Reasons for use and non-use of dental services among people visiting a dental college hospital in India: A descriptive cross-sectional study. European journal of dentistry. 2012 Oct;6(4):422.
[3]. Iranmanesh F, Parirokh M, Haghdoost AA, Abbott PV. Effect of corticosteroids on pain relief following root canal treatment: a systematic review. Iranian endodontic journal. 2017;12(2):123.
[4]. Segura‐Egea JJ, Cisneros‐Cabello R, Llamas‐Carreras JM, Velasco‐Ortega E. Pain associated with root canal treatment. International endodontic journal. 2009 Jul 1;42(7):614-20.
[5]. Marshall JG. Consideration of steroids for endodontic pain. Endodontic Topics. 2002 Nov 1;3(1):41-51..

Abstract: Background and aim: Effective control of pain postoperatively is essential in providing enhanced patient care and a cost-effective hospital stay. The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative analgesic efficacy of flupirtine maleate and ibuprofen in patients undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy for gynaecological surgeries under general anesthesia as primary outcome variable. Secondary outcome measures included diclofenac consumption, haemodynamic parameters and adverse effects in post-operative period. Methods: This prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted in 106 women of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I/II, 16-60 years of age..........

Key Words: Diagnostic laparoscopy, flupirtine, gynaecological surgeries, ibuprofen

[1]. Gangadhar S, Gopal T, Sathyabhama, Paramesh K. Rapid emergence of day-care anaesthesia: A review. Indian J Anaesth. 2012;56:336–41. [PMCID: PMC3469910][PubMed: 23087454]
[2]. Pozzi A, Gallelli L. Pain management for dentists: The role of ibuprofen. Ann Stomatol (Roma) 2011;2:3–24. [PMCID: PMC3414241] [PubMed: 22888399]
[3]. 3.Kornhuber J, Maler M, Wiltfang J, Bleich S, Degner D, Rüther E. Neuronal potassium channel opening with flupirtine. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1999;67:466‑75.
[4]. Borgognone A, Gatti A, Lombardi V. A new non‑opoid analgesic (Flupiritine) in the treatment of postoperative pain: Controlled study. Therapeutika 1986;86:1‑9.
[5]. Devulder J. Flupirtine in pain management: Pharmacological properties and clinical use. CNS Drugs 2010;24:867‑81...

Abstract: Anatomical variations of Radial artery are of potential clinical implications during vascular and reconstructive surgeries. The cause of abnormal radial artery origin and superficial course may be developmental and genetic. Intended intravenous injections may lead to unintentional intra-arterial injections if superficial radial artery is mistaken for veins. The aim of the present study is to identify the variations of radial artery in its origin in routine cadaveric dissections in the department of Anatomy , Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, NRI Medical College, Chinnakakani and ACSR Govt. Medical College, Nellore. 96 specimens of upper limb were dissected and observed the following variations. From the third part of Axillary artery, Radial artery was found to be originated bilaterally and its course is superficial.. In the middle of the arm radial artery arised from the medial side of the brachial artery bilaterally where it crosses the median nerve and its course is superficial. In the middle of the arm , Radial..........

Keywords: Radial Artery, Variations, High Origin.

[1]. Standring S (2008) Gray's anatomy : The anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th Ed. Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, Edibburgh, London.
[2]. Naoyuki yokoyama, Masahiko Ochiai, Yutaka Koyama, anatomical variations of radial artery in patients undergoing transradial coronary interventions (TRI). Cathet cardivasc internent. 2000; 49: 357-62.
[3]. Rodriguez-Neidenfuhr M., Sanudo J.R., VazquezT,, Nearn, L., : Logan B & Parkin, I. Sanudo JR (2001) Variations of the arterial pattern in the upper limb revisited: a amorphological and stastical study, with a review of the literature. J Anat, 199 :547-66.
[4]. Richard F Brodman, Rosemary Frame, Alan Chen Routien use of unilateral and bilateral radial arteries for VABG surgery. J Am CollCardiol. 1996; 28 (4) : 959-63.
[5]. S. Karlsson and I. A. Niechajev, "Arterial anatomy of the upper extremity," Acta Radiologica : Diagnosis, Vol.23, no. 2, PP. 115-121, 1982...

Abstract: Endotracheal intubation includes laryngoscopy & intubation. The process of laryngoscopy & intubation are noxious stimuli & therefore constitute a period of extreme haemodynamic stress and is associated with intense sympathetic activity marked by tachycardia & hypertension1.Hence the search for an ideal agent to attenuate the hemodynamic responses is still continuing. Alpha-2 agonists have been used for attenuating the sympathetic response21 and among α-2 agonists both Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine appear to fulfil all the criteria of ideal agent.The study was undertaken to compare the effects of Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine in attenuating hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. This study was done in 90 patients divided into 3 groups, in operation theatre in the department of anaesthesiology, smc. This study showed that IV bolus dose of Dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg administered 10 minutes before laryngoscopy and intubation can be recommended to attenuate the sympathetic response to laryngoscopy and intubation without any side effects than clonidine..

[1]. Reid& Brace: Irritation of respiratory tract and its reflex effect on heart-Surgery gynaecology Obstetrics. 1940; 70:157.
[2]. Derbyshire DR, Chmielewski A, Fell D, Vaters M, AcholaK, Smith G. Plasma Catecholamine response to tracheal intubation. Bsr J Anaesth 1983; 55:855-9.
[3]. Fox EJ, Sklar GS, Hill CH, VillanueVar, King BD. Complications related to the pressor response to endotracheal intubation. Anaesthesiology. 1977; 47:524-5.
[4]. Karl et al- Insertion of LMA in place of endotracheal intubation to attenuate the cardiovascular response. IJA, 1999; 43:30-35.
[5]. Kumar et al- Blocking Glossopharyngeal & superior laryngeal nerves to attenuate the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy & endotracheal intubation. IJA, 1993; 41:20-25.

Abstract: Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) is a rare pituitary tumor, it was subsequently recognized as a distinct entity in the 2016 WHO classification. as a new entity in the tumors originating from pituitary macroadenoma. In the present study, we report the recent case of SCO, a 46-year-old male; Which presents clinically severe headache and visual deficit. Tumor resection was achieved by endoscopic transsphenoidal approach but massive hemorrhagic events hampered surgery, thetumoralexerese been wide with an improvement of the visual acuteness,endangering the patient's life in this case, thetumoralexerese been wide with an improvement of the visual acuteness. The diagnosis of SCO was confirmed by a Histopathological examination. Extensive review of available literature, about 30 cases from 2002 to 2016, provided valuable clinical data for preoperative diagnosis and surgical removal of SCO tumors..

Keywords: Spindle cell oncocytoma,Oncocytoma adenohypophysis, Pituitary gland, Bleeding macroadenoma.

[1]. Matyja E, Maksymowicz M, Grajkowska W, et al. Spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis – a clinicopathological and ultrastructural study of two cases. Folia Neuropathol 2010;48:175–84.
[2]. Roncaroli F, Scheithauer BW, Cenacchi G. Spindle cell oncocytoma' of the adenohypophysis: a tumor of folliculostellate cells? Am. J. Surg Pathol 2002; 26:1048–55.
[3]. Fuller GN, Scheithauer BW. The 2007 Revised World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System: newly codified entities. Brain Pathol 2007;17:304–7.
[4]. Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol 2016;6:803–20.
[5]. Alexandrescu S, Brown RE, Tandon N, et al. Neuron precursor features of spindle cell oncocytoma of adeno-hypophysis. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2012;42: 123–9 ;Vajtai I, Beck J, Kappeler A, et al. Spindle cell oncocytoma of the pituitary gland with follicle-like component: organotypic differentiation to support its origin from folliculo-stellate cells. Acta Neuropathol2011;122:253–8....

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify the alteration of surface texture and physical properties of gutta percha cones after 1 minute and 5 minutes soaking into 4 chemical disinfectants using SEM. Materials and Methods : A total number of 50 gutta percha points of size F2 are taken from freshly opened boxes and arranged in 5 groups. The cones are then immersed in 5.25% NaoCl, 3% CHX, 13% Benzalkonium chloride, MTAD respectively for 1min and 5 min separately. Then the cones are removed from the respective solutions , air dried and 0.5 mm thick cross section of samples are prepared .The topography of the cones are then analysed under SEM. Results:Surface changes were seen on gutta-percha cones in all groups at both intervals with maximum changes seen in cones disinfected using sodium hypochlorite ..

Keywords: gutta-percha, disinfection, Sodium hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine, MTAD, Benzalkonium chloride

[1]. Chandra PV, Kumar VH, Reddy SJ, Kiran DR, Krishna MN, Kumar GV. Biofilm forming capacity of Enterococcus faecalis on Gutta-percha points treated with four disinfectants using confocal scanning laser microscope: An in vitro study. Dental research journal. 2015 Jul;12(4):331.
[2]. Chandrappa MM, Meharwade PM, Srinivasan R, Bhandary S, Nasreen F. Antimicrobial effect of three disinfecting agents on Resilon cones and their effect on surface topography: An in vitro study. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD. 2016 Mar;19(2):134.
[3]. Pang NS, Jung IY, Yu YJ, Kum KY. Assessment of decontamination of gutta-percha cone and the change of surface texture after rapid chemical disinfection. Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics. 2006;31(2):133-9.
[4]. Scarparo RK, Canali F, Hirai VH, Neto S, Hoppe CB, Grecca FS. Influence of gutta-percha cone disinfection on leakage: comparison of two sealability assessment methodologies. Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences. 2011 Dec;10(4):250-3.
[5]. Valois CR, Silva LP, Azevedo RB. Effects of 2% chlorhexidine and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite on gutta‐percha cones studied by atomic force microscopy. International endodontic journal. 2005 Jul 1;38(7):425-9...

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to compare the maternal outcome in terms of duration of second stage of labour, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome in terms of Apgar score with and without the combined spinal-epidural (CSE) analgesia in normal labour.100 nullipara patients with singleton pregnancy, term gestation, and cephalic presentation, scheduled for normal vaginal delivery were divided into two groups A&B of 50 patients each. Group A received combined spinal-epidural analgesia at 3-5cm cervical dilatation as a method of pain relief with Levobupivacaine 2.5mg and Fentanyl 25μg while Group B didn't receive any analgesia. First stage, second stage, total duration of labourand mode of delivery were recorded in both groups. Patient satisfaction was assessed........

Keywords: Apgar score, caesarean section,combined spinal-epidural analgesia, instrumental delivery

[1] ZahidAkhtarRao, Muhammad EhsanulHaq, LiaqatAli.Evaluation of the analgesic adverse effect of Tramadol in combination with low dose Bupivacaine for painless epidural delivery. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal Vol 60, No.3, September 2010.

[2] Bhagwat A., C. Dua, K. Saxena, S. Srinivasan and K. Dua. Comparison of Combined Spinal Epidural Technique and Low Dose Epidural Technique in Progress of Labour,Indian J Anaesth2008, 52(3), 282-7

[3] Tsen L. C., B. Thue, S. Datta and S. Segal.Is combined spinal-epidural analgesia associated with more rapid cervical dilation in nulliparous patients when compared with conventional epidural analgesia Anesthesiology 1999; 91(4):920-5.

[4] Pain relief during labor: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 2004; 104:213.

[5] Hughes D., S. W. Simmons, J. Brown and A. M. Cyna.Combined spinal-epidural versus epidural analgesia in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; (4):CD003401..

Abstract: Ingested foreign bodies commonly get impacted in the upper aero-digestive tract; few of these have perforated the tract wall, and smaller number of these migrated extralumenly. Few cases were reported where foreign body exits through the skin of neck. We report a rare case of fish bone that migrated extralumenly without harming the nearby blood vessels and nerves. A detailed history and clinico-radiographic investigation helped us to locate fish bone and aided in its removal by transcervical approach. Our case report would help to increase the awareness of these rare but potentially lethal conditions.

Keywords: Foreign bodies, neck,X ray soft tissue neck, Computed tomography (CT)

[1]. Kikuchi K, Tsurumaru D, Hiraka K, Komori M, Fujita N, Honda H. Unusual presentation of an oesophageal foreign body granuloma caused by a fish bone; Usefulness of multidetector computed tomography. Jpn J Radiol 2011;29:63-6.
[2]. Chee LW, Sethi DS. Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to migrating foreign bodies. Ann OtolRhinolLaryngol 1999;108:177–80.
[3]. Akazawa Y, Watanabe S, Nobukiyo S, Iwatake H, Seki Y, Umehara T, et al. The management of possible fishbone ingestion. AurisNasus Larynx 2004;31(4):413-6.
[4]. Goh BK, Tan YM, Lin SE, Chow PK, Cheah FK, Ooi LL, et al. CT in the preoperative diagnosis of fish bone perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;187(3):710-4.
[5]. Saha M, Chakrabarti A, Maiti A, Mandal S. Migration of Ingested Fish Bone from Upper Aerodigestive Tracy to the Skin of the Neck. Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 2015;23(2):81-3..

Abstract: An atypical presentation of Pulmonary Tubercuosis is Lower lung field Tuberculosis. This usually causes enormous confusion in the diagnosis, wherein early diagnosis & treatment leads to prevention of complications.A proper understanding of Clinical, Radiological and Bacteriological presentations are vital in the treatment. In this regard, a study was conducted in the teaching Institute, GayatriVidyaParishad Medical College, Visakhapatnam,India, in order to study the clinical presentations of Lower lung field Tuberculosis. From June 2016 to May 2017, 42 cases of Lower lung field Tuberculosis, admitted in Medical wards were studied. 26 were females (61.9%), age 21-40 yr, had respiratory symptoms Cough with scanty expectoration 41 (97.6% ), mild to moderate fever 30 (71.4% ), Anorexia & Loss of weight 20 (47.6% ), Pleuritic pain chest 4(10% ), scanty haemoptysis.........

Keywords: Lower lung field tuberculosis, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Pulmonary malignancy, Diabetes, HIV, Fiberoptic flexible Bronchoscopy

[1]. TB India 2017. Revised National TB Control Programme Annual Status Report, New Delhi.
[2]. Laennec RH. Treatise on the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the chest. New York. Hafner Publishing; 1962.
[3]. Kidd P. Basic tuberculosis phthisis. Lancet 1886;2:616.
[4]. Fowler JK. The localization of lesions of phthisis. London: J and A Churchill; 1888.
[5]. Herbert W. Berger, Margarito G. Gramdo. Lower lung field tuberculosis. Chest 1974:65:522-6...

Abstract: This randomized control clinical trial was done on the patients to evaluate the utility of laser in the treatment of various mucosal lesions.A total of 30 patients of either sexes and in age ranging from 20-70 years with various mucosal lesions like surface lesions, exophytic lesions, ulcerative lesions and mucocele were selected. They were divided into four groups which were prepared and treated by Laser therapy using Diode Laser - DC Lase 980nm, 7W. All the subjects in each group were evaluated before, during and after laser therapy for various parameters like pain, bleeding, charring, healing, mouth opening, anxiety, difficulty in eating/drinking and taste alteration. They were followed up at regular interval of 1 week, 2 weeks and 1month. The results thus obtained were compiled and analyzed which were accelerated wound healing, decreased postoperative discomfort, less thermal necrosis...............

Keywords: DC Lase, soft tissue lesions, premalignantlesions, mucosal surgery

[1]. Abraham, RJ  Lankupalli, AS 2014, 'Laser management of intraoral soft tissue lesions- a review of literature', IOSR –JDMS, vol. 13, no.1, pp. 59-64.
[2]. Acharaya, S, Swati, TS, Satyanaryanva, V  Ramachandra, P 2012, 'Lasers in dentistry- a review,' Annals and Essence of dentistry, vol. IV, no. 4, pp. 75-77.
[3]. Agha-Hosseini, F, Moslemi, E &Mirzaii-Dizgah, I 2012, 'Comparative evaluation of low level laser and CO2 laser in treatment of patients with oral lichen planus,' Int. J.Oral Maxillofacial.Surg, vol. 41, pp 1265–1269.
[4]. Akbulut, N, Kursun, ES & Tumer MK et al 2013, 'Is the 810- nm diode laser the best choice in oral soft tissue therapy?' Eur J Dent, vol. 7, pp 207-1.
[5]. Albrektson, M, Hedstrom L & Bergh, H 2014, 'Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and pain management with low-level laser therapy: a randomized controlled trial,' Oral Surg Oral Med Oral PatholOralRadiol, vol. 117, pp 590-594

Abstract: Background: Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It deregulates cardiac autonomic function, blunts the chronotropic responses during exercise and lowers the maximum heart rate that can be achieved, substantially reducing the functional capacity and performance of the circulatory system. The aim of the study is to compare the cardiovascular functionamong smokers and nonsmokers during maximal exercise stress testing using TMT Methods:A case control study was carried out on 90 young asymptomatic male first degree relatives of myocardial infarction patients attending Medicine and Cardiology department of GRMC Gwalior comprising of 60 smokers as cases and 30 nonsmokers..........

Keywords: chronotropic index, exercise testing, exercise duration, heart rate, smoking

[1]. HARRISON'S PRINCIPLES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 19th edition,chapter 299e
[2]. BRAUNWALD HEART DISEASE 10th edition,chapter 1
[3]. Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control. Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving B editors. World Health
Organization (in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and World Stroke Organization), Geneva 2011
[4]. Strong JP, Richards ML. Cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis in autopsied men. Atherosclerosis 1976;23(3):451–76.
[5]. Bullen CH. Impact of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on cardiovascular risk and disease. Expert Rev CardiovascTher.
2008; 6(6):883-895...

Abstract: Background: Theatre staff who are asymptomatic carriers of MRSA play a vital role in the acquisition of surgical site infections caused by MRSA in post-surgical patients. Screening and eradication of MRSA from the colonized HCWs has been identified and recommended as an important tool in infection control policy for this organism. The study aimed to determine the nasal carriage rate of MRSA and associated risk factors among theatre staff. Materials and methods: Nasal swabs were obtained from 109 healthy staff working in the operating theatre and inoculated on Manitol salt agar and subcultured on blood agar. Each isolated Staphylococcus aureus was screened for Methicillin resistance by the Kirby-Bauer method by using cefoxitin (30 mcg) disks(oxiod) and the zone of inhibition was measured and interpreted according to the CLSI guidelines..........

Keywords: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Theatre, Infection, Port Harcourt

[1]. Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Schmitz FJ, Smayevsky J, Bell J, Jones RN, Beach M. Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997–1999. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2001 May 15;32(Supplement 2):S114-32.
[2]. Engemann JJ, Carmeli Y, Cosgrove SE, Fowler VG, Bronstein MZ, Trivette SL, et al Adverse clinical and economic outcomes attributable to methicillin resistance among patients with Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection. Clinical infectious diseases. 2003 Mar 1;36(5):592-8.
[3]. Cosgrove SE, Sakoulas G, Perencevich EN, Schwaber MJ, Karchmer AW, Carmeli Y. Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis. Clinical infectious diseases. 2003 Jan 1;36(1):53-9.
[4]. Hiramatsu K, Cui L, Kuroda M, Ito T. The emergence and evolution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Trends in microbiology. 2001, 1;9(10):486-93.

[5]. Karen C. Carroll,Jeffery A. Hobden. The Staphylococci. In: Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg's Medical Microbiology 27th ed.
McGraw-Hill education; 2016. p. 208-209...

Abstract: Highly atrophic mandible often presents a clinical challenge to the prosthodontist in the fabrication of mandibular complete dentures. Neutral zone technique is an alternate approach for the fabrication of complete dentures in such cases. Here the teeth are arranged in the area where the forces from the tongue and the extra oral muscles are balanced. This article describes a case where the complete denture is fabricated for a patient with highly resorbed mandibular ridge using the neutral zone concept.

Keywords: atrophic mandible, neutral zone, mandibular complete denture

[1]. R AK, Prasad KB. CASE REPORT N eutral Z one I mpression T echnique for M andibular C ompromised R idges : A C ase R eport. 2014;1(4):79–82.
[2]. Gahan MJ, Walmsley AD. The neutral zone impression revisited. Br Dent J. 2005;198(5):269–72.
[3]. Driscoll CF, Freilich MA, Guckes AD, Knoernschild KL, Mcgarry TJ, Goldstein G, et al. The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms. J Prosthet Dent [Internet]. 2017;117(5):C1-e105. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022391316306837
[4]. Garg R, Jain S, Kumar S, Choudhary S. Case Report THE NEUTRAL ZONE TECHNIQUE IN COMPLETE DENTURES FOR ATROPHIC MANDIBLE : A CASE REPORT. 2015;4(December):37–9.
[5]. Shanker SS, Umamaheswaran A, Nayar S. Biometric denture space- concept of neutral zone revisited using a hydrocolloid impression material. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2015;9(11):ZD10-ZD12.

Abstract: The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the Shear Bond Strength of Resin Bonded Dentin with and without dentin deproteinization. Material and Methods A. total of 20 extracted premolars were divided into 2 groups, each one consisted of 10 teeth. The occlusal surface was wet ground to expose superficial dentin. In Group 1, teeth were etched, in Group 2 teeth were etched and deproteinized with Bromelain enzyme. Upon the completion of adhesives procedures, resin composite was inserted into plastic tubes and light- polymerized. All specimen were stored at 37°c in water for 24h, and the specimen were then transferred to universal testing machine, and then subjected to Shear Bond Strength analysis at a cross head speed of 1mm/min. Result: The bond strength results were significantly influenced..........

Keywords: Bromelain, Detin deprotaeinization, Shear Bond strength, sodium hypochlorite

[1]. Shivanna V, Basavanna SR and Chauhan K. Effect of bromelain enzyme for dentin Deproteinization on bond strength of adhesive system. J Conserv Dent 2015;18:360-3.
[2]. Tameesh AM and Dayem NR.A new concept in hybridization: Bromelain enzyme for deproteinization dentin before application of adhesive system. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 2013;4:421-425
[3]. Ghoniam AMR, and Abdel Mohsen M. The effect of deproteinization of Dentin Surface on the Micro-Shear Bond Strength to Dentin. Med.J 2014 June:31-35
[4]. Srinivasulu S, Vidhya S and Manimaran S. Effect of Collagen Cross-linkers on the Shear Bond Strength of a self-etch system to deep dentin. JCD 2013; 16:367-370
[5]. Chauhan K, Basavanna R S and Shivanna V. Effect of bromealin enzyme for dentin deproteinization on bond strength of adhesive system. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:360–36..

Abstract: Maxillofacial prosthetics includes all the artificial prosthesis that restores missing parts of the face due to trauma, congenital defects or surgically removed [1]. This article describes the relining of an old ocular prosthesis in a male patient, due to atrophic degeneration of the socket and related tissues resulting in ill-fitting prosthesis. The goal of rehabilitation is to return the patient to a normal cosmetic appearance as soon as possible. This functional reline impression technique provides a quick well-adapted prosthesis while improving the patient's appearance and psychological outlook [2].

[1]. Jamayet N, Srithavaj T, Alam K. A Complete Procedure of Ocular Prosthesis: A Case Report. International Medical Journal,
December 2013; 20(6): 729 – 730.
[2]. Smith R. Relining an Ocular Prosthesis:A Case Report. J Prosthod 1995;4: 160- 163.
[3]. Wagaj H, Dixit S, Deshpande S, Mete J. A Simplified Method to Fabricate Semi-customized Ocular Prosthesis: A Case Report.
International Journal of Advanced Health Sciences. May-Jul 2016; 3 (1): 15-18.
[4]. Bali N, Dhall R, Singh N. Various Steps Involved in Fabrication of an Ocular Prosthesis: A Case Report. Int J Dent Med Res Jan -
Feb 2015; 1(5): 93-96.
[5]. Taicher S, Steinberg H, Tubiana I, Sela M. Modified stock-eye ocular prosthesis. The journal of prosthetic dentistry. July 1985;
5(1): 95-98...

Abstract: Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is projected to be the third leading cause of death by 2020. Its prevalence and burden is expected to rise with rapidly increasing smoking rates in developing countries. This risk factor combined with an ageing population accounts for the actual and forecasted rapid growth in COPD. Spirometry has a role in all three prevention levels. By early detection of COPD in asymptomatic high risk population, it is possible to reduce the disease burden. Objectives: Early detection of COPD in asymptomatic high risk population by spirometry. Methods: Patients aged more than 40 years with smoking history more than 10 pack years and not clinically overt symptomatic of COPD were subjected to spirometric study...........

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diagnosis of COPD: results of the IBERPOC multicenter epidemiological study. Chest. 2000 oct;118(4):981-9.
[3]. Barthwal MS, and Singh S. Early Detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in asymptomatic Smokers using Spirometry.
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