iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2018

Abstract: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia encompasses a varied spectrum of dysplastic, pre invasive and malignant squamous lesions of the conjunctiva and cornea. In this case report a 40 year male patient presented with placoid variant of OSSN was treated with MITOMYCIN C precluding any invasive procedure.

Key words: OSSN, Leukoplakia, Mitomycin C

[1]. Gichuhi S, Sagoo MS, Weiss HA, Burton MJ. Epidemiology of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2013;18:1424–1443
[2]. Dandala PP, Malladi P, Kavitha. Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN): A Retrospective Study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR. 2015;9(11):NC10-NC13. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2015/16207.6791.
[3]. Reidy JJ, Bouchard CS, Florakis GJ, et al. Basic and Clinical Science Course, 2011-2012. 2011:226–233.
[4]. Morgan PR. Neoplasms and precancerous conditions of the oral mucosa. In: McGee JO, Isaacson PG, Write NA, editors. Oxford Textbook of Pathology: Volume 2a: Pathology of Systems. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 1992:1063.
[5]. Gichuhi S, Macharia E, Kabiru J, Zindamoyen A M, Rono H, Ollando E, et al, Clinical Presentation of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in Kenya, JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015 Nov; 133(11): 1305–1313..

Abstract: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an inexpensive and highly accurate means of diagnosing non neoplastic , benign and malignant breast lesions.The present study conducted in , our Cytopathology Department ,Institute of Pathology, Madras Medical college,Rajivgandhigovt.general hospital- Chennai. ,over a period of one year , from January 2016 to December 2016.A total of 979 cases were analysed. we found among 930 cases(95%) were satisfactory for evaluation. Among them 863 ( 92.7% ) were females, and 67 ( 7.2%) were males . Among females maximum number of patients were in the age group 30-39 years.Upper outer quadrant was the commonest site of location of lump in maximum number of patients in both breasts. Among the lesions of female breast , Inflammatory..........

Key words: Benign lesions, FNAC breast ,Histopathology, MGG stain

[1]. Bhagat R, Bal MS, Bodal VK, Suri AK, Jindal K. Cytological study of palpable breast lumps with their histological correlation. Int J Med and Dent Sci 2013; 2(2): 128-136.
[2]. Kujur P. Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of the Palpable Breast Lump of 106 Cases and Correlation with Histologic Diagnosis: A Prospective Analysis. Int J Sci Stud 2015;3(9):111-115.
[3]. JyotiPriyadarshiniShrivastava, AlokShrivastava. "Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Breast Lumps with Clinical and Histopathological Correlation: A 2 Year Study in Gwalior, India". Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2015; Vol. 4, Issue 56, July 13; Page: 9729-9734, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2015/1404
[4]. Haque, Tyagi, Khan and Gahlut. Breast lesions: a clinicohistopathological study of 200 cases of breast lump. JAMA 1980;150: 1810-1814
[5]. ChandanwaleS,Rajpal M, Jadhav P, Sood S, Gupta K, Gupta N. Pattern of benign breast lesions on fnac in consecutive 100 cases: a study at tertiary care hospital in India IJPBS 2013;4:129-138 8.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar backache is one of the most common causes of chronic disability. In majority of cases the backache is associated with degeneration of intervertebral disc in the lower lumbar spine. This is an age related phenomenon that occurs in 80% of people who live for more than 50 years. The unrelenting changes associated with aging, progressively affect all the structures of spinal unit. The degenerative process starts early during the first decade of life at the disc level, finally affecting all the surrounding structures including vertebral bodies, facet joints and ligaments. OBJECTIVE: To study comprehensively the morphological changes occurring in spine due to............

Key words: Facet Joints, Ligamentum flavum, Osteophytes, Spinal degeneration

[1]. Solomon,Warwick,Nayagan Degenerative disorder of spine, Apley's system of orthopaedics and fracture. (CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, London, New York, 2015) 476-490
[2]. Degenerative joint diseases of spine Turek's Orthopedics. Principles and their applications. Volume -2 7th edition. (Wolter Kluwer, 2017) 1413-1422
[3]. Bradford DS, Oegema TR Jr, Cooper KM, et al. Chymopapain, chemonucleolysis, and nucleus pulposus regeneration: A biochemical and biomechanical study. Spine, 1984;9:135-147.
[4]. Bywaters EGL. The pathological anatomy of idiopathic low back pain. Ch 10 In: White AA III, Gordon SL, eds. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Symposium on Idiopathic Low Back Pain, St. Louis: Mosby, 1982.
[5]. Gotfried Y, Bradford DS, Oegema TR Jr. Facet joint changes after chemonucleolysisinduced disc space narrowing. Spine, 1986;11:944-950..

Abstract: Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. MS and hypothyroidism are associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic heart disease. Insulin resistance is the central pathophysiological phenomenon underlying the clustering. Aims and Objective: To study the association, prevalence and types of thyroid dysfunction in patients with MS Materials and Methods: A Non-randomized Cross sectional study was done at Institute of Internal Medicine, Madras medical college and Rajiv Gandhi government general hospital, Chennai from January 2018 to April 2018. A total 0f 60 patients with MS selected according to WHO criteria were studied .Patients were evaluated based on anthropometry, evaluation of vital parameters, fasting blood sugar, lipid and thyroid profile. Statistical analysis were done using SPSS software 22.0.......

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome Thyroid dysfunction, Subclinical hypothyroidism, Thyroid function test

[1]. Reaven GM et al., Insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 2004 ; 27; 1011-12
[2]. Uzunlulu M, Yorulmaz E, Oguz A. Prevalance of subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with metabolic syndrome. Endocr J 2007; 54:171-76
[3]. Meher LK, Raveendranathan SK, Kota SK, Sarangi J, Jali SN. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with metabolic syndrome. Thyroid Res Pract 2013; 10:60-4.
[4]. Shantha GP, Kumar AA, Jeyachandran V, Rajamanickam D, Rajkumar K, Salim S et al. Association between primary hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome and the role of C reactive protein: A crosssectional study from South India. Thyroid Res 2009; 2:2.
[5]. Chandra L et al., Association of metabolic syndrome and its components with thyroid dysfunction in females. International Journal Diabetes Dev Ctries 2007 ; 27: 124 - 26.

Abstract: The case of a 22- year old female student who presented with a one week history of sore throat, joint pain and fever, and a two-day history of skin rash.She had no neck pain or neck stiffness and physical examination revealed no signs of meningeal irritation. She died four hours after presentation. Autopsy findings revealed thick purulent pus covering the meninges in keeping with pyogenic meningitis. Brain swab culture yielded Neisseria meningitidis. She had fulminant meningococcal meningitis with no meningeal signs. Clinicians usually rely on meningeal signs to make a diagnosis of meningitis. Meningeal signs however have been shown to have a low sensitivity in making a diagnosis of meningitis, and may be absent in the presence of meningitis. Clinicians should therefore not only rely on the presence ofthese signs to suspect meningitis; they should have a high index of suspicion, particularly during an ongoing outbreak of meningitis.

Keywords: Meningococcal meningitis,meningeal signs.

[1]. WHO ‹media center› meningococcal meningitis. Fact sheet number 141. Updated November 2015.http://www.who.int/mediacenter/factsheets/fs141.
[2]. Poolman, J. T., van der Ley, P. A., Tommassen, J. 1995. Surface structures and secreted products of meningococci. In: Cartwight K, editor. Meningococcal disease. Guildford: Wiley; 21-34.
[3]. Fraser, P. K., Bailey, G. K., Abbott, J. D., Gill, J. B., Walker, D. J. 1973. The meningococcal carrier-rate. Lancet, 301(7814): 1235-1237.
[4]. Aggarwal, M., Manchanda, V., Talukdar, B. 2013. Meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B in India.Indian Pediatric. 50(16): 601-603.
[5]. Vieusseux M. Memoire sur la maladie qui a regne a Geneve au printemps de1805. J. Med. Chir. Pharmacol., 11: 163-182.

Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine on the duration of subarachnoid block and sedation in patients undergoing surgeries under spinalanaesthesia with 5% lidocaie. 80 ASA physical status I/II patients undergoing elective surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were randomized into two groups of 40 each. Immediately after subarachnoid block with 2 ml of 5% hyperbaric lidocaine, group D patients received a loading dose of 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine intravenously by infusion pump over 10 mins followed by a maintenance dose of 0.5 μg/kg/hr till the end of surgery whereas group C received an equivalent quantity of normal saline by infusion pump. Time taken for regression to Modified Bromage Scale 0, level of sensory block, two dermatomal regression of sensory blockade, duration of sensory block and intraoperative Ramsay sedation scores were higher in group.....

Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, Hyperbaric lidocaine, Intrathecal, Ramsay sedation scale, Spinal anaesthesia

[1]. Brown DL. Spinal block in Atlas of Regional Anaesthesia. 2ndedtion. Philadelphia:WB Saunders Company; 1999.
[2]. KanaziGE ,Aouad MT, Jabbour-Khoury SI, Al Jazzar MD, Alameddine MM, Al-Yaman R, Bulbul M, Baraka AS. Effects of low dose dexmedetomidine or clonidine on the characteristics of bupivacaine spinal block. Acta AnesthesiolScand 2006; 50: 222-117.
[3]. Al-Mustafa MM, Badran IZ, Abu Ali HM, Al-Barazangi BA, Massad IM, Al-Ghanem SM. Intravenous dexmedetomidine prolongs bupivacine spinal analgesia. M.E.J. Anesth, 2009; 20: 25-231
[4]. Whizar- Lugo V, Gómez-Ramírez IA, Cisneros-Corral R, Martínez-Gallegos N. Intravenous dexmedetomidine vs. intravenous clonidine to prolong bupivacaine spinal anaesthesia. A double blind study. Anestesiaen Mexico 2007;19:143-146
[5]. Elcicek K, Tekin M, Kati I.The effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine on spinal hyperbaric ropivacaine anesthesia. J. Anesth, 2010; 24: 544-548.

Abstract: Dental implant placement in posterior maxilla with deficient bone height is a challenge as it de-mands grafting the sub-sinus bone to accommodate dental implant not less than 10 mm.The trauma and healing time associated with any grafting procedure and the chance of getting lesser primary stability in poor quality bone of maxilla may demand delayed loading of implants. Here we do a comparison between a minimally inva-sive sinus lift with grafting protocols to place implants of 10 mm length and placement of short and wide im-plants of 7mm height without any augmentation procedures .20 sub sinus edentulous areas with bone height more than 5mm but less than 10mm in single edentulous span guarded by natural teeth were selected for study .10 sites were grafted to accommodate.......

Keywords: Sinus Lift, Short Implants, Dental Implants, Posterior maxilla, wide Implants,

[1]. Lazzara R J. The Sinus elevation procedure in endosseous implant therapy. CurrOpinPeriodontol. 1996; 3:178-183.
[2]. Ziccardi V B. BeHSNJ complications of maxillary sinus augmentation. In: Jensen OT(ed). The Sinus Bone Graft. Chicago, Quin tessence, 1999:469-495
[3]. Fugazzotto PA. Sinus floor augmentation of the maxillary molar extraction socket – A modified technique to increase bone height. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999; 14:536-542
[4]. Misch CE: Density of bone; effect on treatment plans, surgical approach, healing and progressive bone loading, Int J Oral Im plan-tol 6:23-31,1990
[5]. Zitzman N, Scharer P. Sinus elevation procedures in the resorbed posterior maxilla: Comparison of the crestal and lateral ap proach. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod 1998;85:8-17.

Abstract: Aim: This study was designed to examine the knowledge and attitude of school teachers with regard to emergency management of an avulsed permanent tooth. Materials and methods: The survey was conducted among 97 school teachers of Ghatkopar area(Mumbai) belonging to two Government schools. The assessment was done by the means of a self-administered questionnaire and respondents were asked to tick the most appropriate option. Data was then collected and analysed. Results: A great majority of the respondentswere not satisfied with their knowledge on management of dental trauma and most of them expressed.....

Keywords: Avulsed tooth, questionnaire, teachers, management

[1]. Gualniera, P., et al., Traumatic dental injury. Minerva Stomatol, 2016. 65(3): p. 158-63.
[2]. Cole, D.B., Summary of: traumatic dental injury and social deprivation in five-year-old children in Scotland 1993-2007. Br Dent J, 2013. 214(10): p. 512-3.
[3]. Krishna, A., et al., Traumatic dental injury-an enigma for adolescents: a series of case reports. Case Rep Dent, 2012. 2012: p. 756526.
[4]. Viegas, C.M., et al., Influence of traumatic dental injury on quality of life of Brazilian preschool children and their families. Dent Traumatol, 2014. 30(5): p. 338-47.
[5]. Dame-Teixeira, N., et al., Traumatic dental injury among 12-year-old South Brazilian schoolchildren: prevalence, severity, and risk indicators. Dent Traumatol, 2013. 29(1): p. 52-8..

Abstract: Background and objective: The serum Low density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration can be estimated by Freidewald formula and also by the direct assay methods by a spectrophotometer. The National Cholesterol Education program recommends the direct assay for estimating serum LDL-C concentration, but it has not been evaluated whether there is any difference between Freidwald formula & LDL-C direct assay methods in assessing Patients for CVD ( cardio vascular Disease). Methods: This study included the samples of 28,346 patients whose serum triglyceride level was less than 400 mg%. The study was carried in the month of January to May 2018. Fasting samples and non fasting samples were collected for measurement of lipid profile and commercial kits adapted to autoanalyser were used for the direct assay and Friedewald formula was used to calculate.......

Keywords: Cholesterol, CVD, Lipid profile, Lipoprotein

[1]. Terry A. Jacobson et al, National lipid assotiation recommendations for patient centric managements f dyslipidemia: part-1- executive summary. Journal of clinical lipidology 2014; 8: 473-488
[2]. Chai Kheng EY, Chee Fang S, Chang S, Kiat Mun SL, Su Chi L, Lee Ying Y, et al. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in adults with type 2 diabetes: An alternative equation for accurate estimation and improved cardiovascular risk classification. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2014;11(6):431-439. doi:10.1177/1479164114547703.
[3]. Anwar M, Khan DA, Khan FA. Comparison of friedewald formula and modified friedewald formula with direct homogeneous assay for low density lipoprotein cholesterol estimation. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2014;24(1):8-12. doi: 01.2014/JCPSP.0812.
[4]. Vujovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Spasic S, Bujisic N, Martinovic J, Vujovic M, et al. Evaluation of different formulas for LDL-C calculation. Lipids Health Dis. 2010;9:27. doi:10.1186/1476-511X-9-27.
[5]. Martin SS, Blaha MJ, Elshazly MB, Toth PP, Kwiterovich PO,Blumenthal RS, et al. Comparison of novel method vs the Friedewald equation for estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels from the standard lipid profile. JAMA. 2013;310(19):2061-2068. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.280532.

Abstract: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple ,accurate ,inexpensive and minimally invasive technique used to diagnose different types of masses1 . Salivary gland tumours are rare and they account for 2-6.5% of all head and neck neoplasms in adults1 . Their superficial location ,easy accessibility and high diagnostic accuracy makes FNAC a valuable method for evaluation ,thus appropriate therapeutic management could be planned earlier2. The aim of this study was to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in the diagnosis of various salivary gland lesions and its correlation with histopathology wherever available and to evaluate the age ,sex and site distribution of salivary gland lesions. 60 patients with salivary gland swelling were studied prospectively over a.......

Keywords: FNAC, Salivary gland lesions, Sialadenitis ,Pleomorphic adenoma, Acinic cell carcinoma

[1]. A Allam Choudhary,Tuhin Sulana,Belayat Hossain Siddique,A.Sufi Ahmed Amin Diagnosis of Parotid gland mass by the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and its Histopathological Correlation – 2 years study in (BSMMU J 2011,4(2);65-69)
[2]. Panchal upasana ,Shah Ina and Goswami Hansa.A cytological and hisological comparative study of salivary gland lesions at tertiary health care centre ISSN:2229-3809.
[3]. Anita Omhare,Sanjeev kumar singh ,jitendra singh nigam,Ankit Sharma Cytohistopathological study of salivary gland lesions in Bunelkhand region ,Uttar Pradesh .Pathology research international vol 2014.Article ID 804265.
[4]. Cristallini EG, Ascani S, Farabi R, et al. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the salivary gland 1985–1995. Acta Cytol 1997; 41: 1421–5.
[5]. Contucci AM, Corina L, Sergi B, Fadda G, Paludetti G. Correlation between fine needle aspiration biopsy and histologic findings in parotid masses. Personal experience. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2003; 23: 314–8..

Abstract: TLR-2 is a protein that is present in many cells, but its activation occurs due to microbial infection or genetic mutation. TLR-2 was significantly associated with the aggressive behavior of OSCC. Although the phenotypes of TLR-2 in different types of solid tumors have been extensively characterized, the expression and functional properties of TLR-2 in premalignant lesions remain to be determined. The infiltration of MCs has been shown to be an early and predictablecharacteristic of many pre-neoplastic cells, and may represent one of the earliest indications that a cell population has become committed to malignancy. This study was conducted to evaluated the expression of TLR-2 in OED and correlate it with MCC. A total of 48 adult male albino rats with an age range of 3 to 4 months and with.......

Keywords: epithelial dysplasia, premalignant lesions, precancer lesions, toll-like-receptors and mast cell.

[1]. Akira, S. Takeda, K. and Kaisho,T. (2001).Toll-like receptors: critical proteins linking innate and acquired immunity. Nature Immunology,2:675–680.
[2]. Anuradha, A., Naik,B.K., B., Srinivas, G.V., Devi, R. S., and Puneet, H. K.(2014).Incidence of mast cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A Short Study. Journal of Oncology, 2: 1–3.
[3]. Bánóczy, J., Gintner, Z., &Dombi, C. (2001). Tobacco use and oral leukoplakia. Journal of Dental Education, 65(4), 322–7.
[4]. Chang, Z. L. (2010). "Important aspects of toll-like receptors, ligands and their signaling pathways.Inflammation Research, 59(10) :791–808.Ng, L. K., Rich,A. M., Hussaini, H. M., Thomson, W. M., Fisher,A. L., Horne, L.S., and Seymour, G. J. (2011). Toll-like receptor 2 is present in themicroenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. British Journal of Cancer,104(3): 460–463.
[5]. Coussens, L. M., Raymond, W. W., Bergers, G., Laig-webster, M., Behrendtsen,O., Werb, Z., and Hanahan, D. (1999). Inflammatory mast cells up-regulate angiogenesis during squamous epithelial carcinogenesis. Genes &Development ,16:1382–1397..

Abstract: Purpose: To find out the prevalence of cancer related fatigue (CRF) and its impact on quality of life (QoL) amongst gynecological cancer patients receiving radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy (CT) or concurrent chemo-radiation (CCRT). Material and Methods: This study included 194 gynecological cancer patients receiving RT, CT, or CCRT who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The CRF was assessed using Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) and QoL was measured using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) scale. Results: Severe fatigue was more prevalent in patients receiving CT (86.66%) and CCRT (64.8%) as compared to RT (37.5%). Moderate.......

Keywords: Fatigue, gynecological cancer, quality of life, Brief Fatigue Inventory, FACT-G

[1]. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Cancer-Related Fatigue. Version 2. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 2017 ed. [Accessed 2017 August 4]. Available from: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/fatigue.pdf.
[2]. Karthikeyan G, Jumnani D, Prabhu R, Manoor UK, Supe SS. Prevalence of fatigue among cancer patients receiving various anticancer therapies and its impact on quality of Life: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Palliat Care 2012;18:165–75.
[3]. Donovan KA, Jacobsen PB, Andrykowski MA, Winters EM, Balducci L, Malik U, et al. Course of fatigue in women receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for early stage breast cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2004;28:373-80.
[4]. Schmidt ME, Chang-Claude J, Vrieling A, Heinz J, Flesch-Janys D, Steindorf K. Fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: Temporal courses and long-term pattern. J Cancer Surviv 2012;6:11-9.
[5]. Mast ME. Correlates of fatigue in survivors of breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 1998;21:136-42.

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, occurring primarily in older individuals, characterized by erosion of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins, subchondral sclerosis, and a range of biochemical and morphologic alterations of the synovial membrane and joint capsule.life expectancy of the population and increasing obesity throughout much of the world are major cause of OA. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease caused inflammation and joint degeneration that results in the progressive loss of cartilage and usually is accompanied by subchondral bone sclerosis. Many varites from of treatment are used to management and treatment of OA now a days. Many drug ,hydrotherapy, footwear and walking aids, other rehabilitation measures, physical therapy (SWD, UST, TENS, exercises, etc are used to treat OA. In this study author evaluate the effectiveness......

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Hypertrophy, Subchondral bone sclerosis, SWD

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Abstract: Objective: Rhinosinusitis is a huge burden on the health system and is becoming a concern in many countries. The range for overall rhinosinusitis-related health care costs in Saudi Arabia is not studied yet, but it was about $6.9 to $9.9 billion USD per year in USA. The general objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of rhinosinusitis in Al-Baha region. Methods: A cross sectional study that took place in Al-Baha from 17th of March 2017 until 4th of April 2017. A total of (191) questionnaires in total were collected and analyzed. The purpose of the study was explained and an individual consent from each participant was gained prior to filling the questionnaire.......

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