iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2018

Abstract: Chronic non healing ulcers due to diseases like Hansen's, venous insufficiency, diabetes etc. are the major causes for disability. It has been shown that autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) is effective in healing chronic non healing ulcers. Aim: The objective of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of autologous platelet rich plasma in patients with chronic non healing ulcers. Study design: Institution based prospective study Participants: Sixteen patients with chronic non healing ulcers of different etiology were taken with a mean age of 48.7years with 24 non healing ulcers of more than 6 weeks. Measurements: photographs were taken before treatment and at every subsequent sitting. Area and volume were calculated at baseline and at every...........

[1]. Sarvajnamurthy S, Suryanarayan S, Budamakuntala L, Suresh DH. Autologous platelet rich plasma in chronic venous ulcers: Study of 17 cases. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2013;6:97-9. [PUBMED]
[2]. Ross R, Glomset J, Kariya B, Harker L. A platelet-dependent serum factor that stimulates the proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974;71:1207-10. [PUBMED]
[3]. Anitua E, Andia I, Ardanza B, Nurden P, Nurden AT. Autologous platelets as a source of proteins for healing and tissue regeneration. Thromb Haemost 2004;91:4-15.
[4]. Gosens T, Peerbooms JC, van Laar W, den Oudsten BL. Ongoing positive effect of platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection in lateral epicondylitis: A double-blind randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med 2011;39:1200-8.
[5]. de Leon JM, Driver VR, Fylling CP, Carter MJ, Anderson C, Wilson J, et al. The clinical relevance of treating chronic wounds with an enhanced near-physiological concentration of platelet-rich plasma gel. Adv Skin Wound Care 2011;24:357-68

Abstract: We have aimed to emphasize the importance of querying the outpatients at the polyclinics on family history of cigarette smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke at childhood and/or adolescence in the home environment as well as determining their current smoking habit.Methods: The study included 72 cigarette smoking young adults within the age range of 18-40 years. Demographic details, personal and parental history of cigarette smoking were noted; the Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea scores were calculated.Results: Mean age of the participants was 31 years, with 63.9% being males. Daily mean cigarette smoking was 16 cigarettes/day; the mean duration of smoking was 11packs/year; and mothers of 5.6% and fathers 40.3% of the participants were smokers.........

Key words: parents,smoker, young adult,COPD

[1]. Fletcher CM,Peto R,Tinker C.The natural history of chronic bronchitis and emphysema.oxford university pres,1976.
[2]. Widysanto A, Mathew G. Bronchitis, Chronic.StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2018 Jan-.2018 Jan 12.
[3]. Divo MJ, Celli BR, Poblador-Plou B, et al; EpiChron—BODE Collaborative Group. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) as a disease of early aging: Evidence from the EpiChron Cohort. PLoS One. 2018 Feb 22;13(2):e0193143. doi: 10.1371).
[4]. Bhattacharya S,Mariani Tj.Systems biology approaches to identify developmental bases for lung diseases. Pedatr Res 2013,73:514-522.
[5]. Butler JP,Loring SH,Patz.Evidence for adult lung growth in humans.N Eng J Med 2012; 367:244-247..

Abstract: Body mass index (BMI) is an established parameter to assess overweight and obesity in adults. Different studies have reported adverse effects of increased body mass index on cardiac health. Heart rate and blood pressure are largely regulated by the autonomic nervous system, and reflects the state of balance that exists between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The aim of this study was to search for any significant relationship between resting heart rate and resting blood pressure of different individuals with respect to their body mass index. 200 subjects (all adult males only) belonging to age groups between 20 years to 50 years were selected after informed consent...........

Key Words: Body mass index, blood pressure, resting heart rate.

[1]. Wang G, Dietz WH. Economic burden of obesity in youths aged 6 to 17 years: 1979-1999. Pediatrics 2002; 109 : E81-1.
[2]. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension, 2003, 42:1206–1252.
[3]. Kosti RI, Panagiotakos DB. The epidemic of obesity in. children and adolescents in the world. Cent Eur J Public Health 2006; 14 : 151-9.
[4]. Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR,. Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 2004; 291 : 2847-50.
[5]. Dua, S., Bhuker, M., Sharma, P., Dhall, M., & Kapoor, S. (2014). Body Mass Index Relates to Blood Pressure Among Adults. North American Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(2), 89–95...

Abstract: The role of cervical cytology in cancer & pre cancer is well known . Due to early detection by Papanicolaou Screening, the incidence of cervical cancer has declined. However benign endometrial cells when seen in cervical cytology outside the proliferative phase & in post menopausal women must be specially noted in women above 40 yrs as it may indicate endometrial pathology. Purpose of study is to determine the significance of benign endometrial cell in pap smear test in women aged 40 years & above in patients attending Gynaecology Department of N.R.S.M,C.&H as a screening test for detection of endometrial pathology .So the present study will help in early detection of endometrial pathology by screening benign endometrial cells in women aged 40 years & above.

Keywords: cervicovaginal smears, Endometrial cell , exfoliated, Post menopausal.

[1]. Cervical and Vaginal Cytologic Diagnosis. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1994:62-63.
[2]. Thrall et al. :Benign Endometrial Cells in Women > 40, CANCER (CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY) August 25, 2005 / Volume 105 / Number 4

[3]. Gondos B, King EB. Significance of endometrial cells in cervicovaginal smears. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1977;7:486–90. [PubMed]

[4]. Cherkis RC, Pattern SF, Jr, Andrews TJ, Dickinson JC, Patent FW. Significance of normal endometrial cells detected by cervical cytology. Obstet Gynecol. 1988;71:242–4.[PubMed]

[5]. Zucker PK, Kasdon EJ, Feldstein ML. The validity of Pap smear parameters as predictors of endometrial pathology in menopausal women. Cancer. 1985;56:2256–63.[PubMed]

Abstract: Background and aim of the study: With coronary artery disease (CAD) on rise, age for performing screening coronary angiography in Indian patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) due to undergo valve replacement surgery is unclear. Because of varied prevalence of CAD in RHD patients between Indian and western patients. Here we analyse the CAD prevalence in RHD group awaiting for surgery and percentage CAD involvement in aortic and mitral valve groups. Also, we analyse the cut-off age when the CAG (coronary angiography) can be indicated for these patients. A retrospective analysis of RHD patients undergoing CAG was conducted. Results: The overall prevalence .............

Key Words- Rheumatic heart disease, Coronary artery disease, Screening Coronary angiography

[1]. Taylor HA, Deumite NJ, Chaitman BR, et al. Asymptomatic left main coronary artery disease in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) registry. Circulation. 1989;79:1171-9.
[2]. Yusuf S, Zucker D, Peduzzi P, et al. Effect of coronary artery bypass graft surgery on survival: overview of 10- year results from randomised trials by the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Trialists Collaboration. Lancet. 1994;344:563-70.
[3]. American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease); Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Chatterjee K, de............

Abstract: In all patients history and physical examination were done. Baseline investigations included Complete Haemogram, RFT, urine C/S, X-ray KUB, USG KUB, IVU and CT KUB. Stone location, stone size, calyceal anatomy and Hounsefield unit of the stone , presence of obstruction and hydronephrosis will be notedBleeding profile (Platelet count, Bleeding time, Clotting time and Prothrombin time), Body mass index (BMI) will also be recorded for each patient . Patients were explained about the study, ESWL procedure and informed consent were obtained. ESWL was done as outpatient procedure at Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai Medical College, Madurai. ESWL was done using Dornier Compact Delta II (Electromagnetic Generator) Machine. Patients were administered sedation IV Fortwin (20mg), 30 minutes before procedure........

Key words: ESWL, URETERIC STONES, URINARY TRACT STONES

[1]. Finalayson B, Thomas WC, Jr. Editorial: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: Ann Intern. Med. 1984; 101: 3 87-9.
[2]. Mariani AJ. Combined electrohydraulic and holmium: YAG laser ureteroscopic nephrolithotripsy for 20 to 40 mm renal calculi. J Urology. 2004;172: 170-74
[3]. Buchholz NP, Meier-Padel S, Rutishauser G (1997)Minor residual fragments after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: spontaneous clearance or risk for recurrent stone formation? J Endourol 11:225–232
[4]. Preminger GM, Kettelhut MC, Flkins SL, Segar J et al. Ureteral stenting during extra corporeal shock wave Lithotripsy, Helps and Hindrance. J Urol 1990; 143(6): 1237.
[5]. Pryor JL, Jenkins AD. Use of Double pigtail stents in Extracorporeal and Shock Wave Lithotripsy. J Urol 1990; 143: 475- 78.

Abstract: This is the report of a late presentation of case of MRKH at 27yrs with coital difficulty. Some of the reasons for late diagnosis of such cases in the face of advanced medical and scientific technology are  Social stigma  Lack of awareness  Lack of family support Since this condition affects physical ,mental, and social well being of the individual, the treatment should begin from early diagnosis and disability limitation..

Key words: Rokitansky syndrome, Mullerian duct, Karyotype, Primary Amenorrhea.

[1]. Guerrier D, Mouchel T, Pasquier L, Pellerin I (2006) The Mayer-Rokitansky- Küster-Hauser syndrome (congenital absence of uterus and vagina) – phenotypic manifestations and genetic approaches. J Negat Results in Biomed 5: 1.
[2]. Cunha GB, Alencastro JB, Ferreira MS, Alvez CLN, Silveira PM (2006) Neovagina por Videolaparoscopia na Síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky- Kuster-Hauser. Rev Bras Videocir 4: 183-188.
[3]. Dornelas MT, Arruda FR, Anna LLS, Nett GM, Souza RG, et al. (2010) Reconstrução vaginal pelo retalho neurovascular pudendo crural na síndrome de Rokitansky. Rev Bras Cir Plást 25: 525-531.
[4]. Folch M, Pigem I, Konje JC (2000) Müllerian agenesis: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Obstet Gynecol Surv 55: 644-649.
[5]. Sharma BB, Sharma S, Singh Y, Balesa J (2015) Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster- Hauser Type I Syndrome – A Case Report. Indian J Case Reports 1: 8-10..

Abstract: Customer is always the king in any business and healthcare is no exception. For hospitals to be sustainable over a period of time, customer satisfaction plays a pivotal role. Emergency dept is the first point of contact and acts as the window of the hospital. Although it may seem impossible to keep all clients satisfied, we can achieve a high level of satisfaction by working on related indicators and trying to improve them 2.Studies from other countries indicate that using the results obtained from satisfaction surveys can have a profound effect on the quality of services3,4,5...........

[1]. Trout A, Magnusson AR, Hedges JR: Patient satisfaction investigations and the emergency department. What does the literature say? Academic Emergency Medicine 2000, 7: 695–709. 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02050.xView ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
[2]. Lau FL: Can communication skills workshops for emergency department doctors improve patient satisfaction? Emergency Medicine Journal 2000, 17: 251–53. 10.1136/emj.17.4.251View ArticleGoogle Scholar
[3]. Press Graney Associates: Press Graney measures hospital patient satisfaction. 2007. [http://healthcare.com]Google Scholar
[4]. Debehnke D, Decker MC: The effects of a physician-nurse patient care team on patient satisfaction in an academic ED. Am J Emerg Med 2002, 20(4):267–270. 10.1053/ajem.2002.34199View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar
[5]. Hall MF, Press I: Keys to patient satisfaction in the emergency department: results of a multiple facility study. Hospital Health Service Adm 1996, 41(4):515–32.Google Scholar

Abstract: Morning glory disc anomaly is a congenital excavation of the posterior pole that involves optic disc .It is usually unilateral and common in females (2:1) . Some authors postulates, as failure of closure of the fetal fissure and it is a variant of optic nerve coloboma. Alternatively, a primary mesenchymal abnormality has been demonstrated on the basis of the glial tuft, the scleral and vascular abnormalities .We report a case of an 11 year old girl,with diminution of vision in right eye alongwith deviation of eye inwards since childhood. Anterior segment showed prominent ciliary processes,cataractwith morning glory disc and PHPV stalk attaching from the disc. There was no systemic abnormality.Patient underwent right eye cataract surgery.Morning glory syndrome is associated with many cerebro vascular abnormalities......

Keywords : Morning glory disc , MGS , Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, PHPV, PAX 6

[1]. Kindler P.Morning glory syndrome: unusual congenital optic disc anomaly. Am J Ophthalmol1970;69:376-84.
[2]. Reese AB. Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous .AM J Ophthalmol 1955;40:317-31.
[3]. Goldberg MF.Persistentfetal vasculature (PFV): an integrated interpretation of signs and symptoms associated with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV).LIV Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture.
[4]. AM J Ophthalmol1997;124:587-626.
[5]. Pollock S.The morning glory disc anomaly : contractile movement , classification and embryogenesis.Doc Ophthalmolo 1987;65:439-60.

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders are the commonest endocrine disorders encountered in clinical practice.International Diabetes Federation reported that around 9% of population of the world are afflicted with diabetes.1In US the prevalence of thyroid disorders is around 6% according to US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HNANES III).2As both disorders are quite common they may be seen together seen in the same patient as a co-existing disorder. Several studies however have revealed that diabetic patients have a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders compared to the normal population.3-19 In a retrospective study among insulin treated type 2 diabetes, 27.3% had thyroid disorder and those patients who had thyroid disease prior to diabetes..........

[1]. International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Altas 8th edition 2017: 40-65
[2]. Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, et al. Serum TSH, T4 and thyroid antibodies in the United states population (1988 to 1994); national health and nutrition examination survey. J ClinEndocrinolMetab 2002;87:489-99.
[3]. Celani MF, Bonati ME, Stucci N. Prevalence of abnormal thyrotropin concentrations measured by a sensitive assay in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res 1994;27:15-25.
[4]. Radaideh AR, Nusier MK, Amari FL, et al. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan. Saudi Med J 2004;25:1046-50.
[5]. Udiong CEJ, Udoh AE, Etukudoh ME. Evaluation of Thyroid Function in Diabetes Mellitus in Calabar, Nigeria. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 2007;22(2):74–8..

Abstract: It is the study to determine the correlation of HbAIC with the serum lipids in patients with Type 2 diabetes and to find out whether HbAIC can be used as a predictor of serum Lipids in Type 2 diabetes. For this study a total of 50 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, who got admitted in Yenepoya Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to August 2015 were taken up. All these patient's HbAIC and FLP were checked after all necessary procedure and their relation with one another was assessed using latest available statistical analysis method. This study concluded that there was a positive correlation between HbAIC and S. Cholesterol level. That is higher the HbAIC value, higher were the values of S. Chol, TG, LDL & VLDL. A negative correlation was found between HbAIC & HDL level. That is, higher the HbAIC value, lower were the values of HDL..

Keywords- Fasting lipid profile, Glycosylated hemoglobin, HDL, LDL, Sr. Chol, TG, VLDL

[1]. T.S.Harwell ,N. Dettori , J.M.McDowall , K.Quesenberry , L.Priest ,M.K. Butcher , B.N.Flook , S.D.Helgerson , D.Gohdes . Do persons with diabetes know their A1c number? Diabetes Edu 2002; 28:99-105.
[2]. M.Heilsor , J.Piette , M. Spencer , E.Kieffer ,S. Vijan . The relationship between knowledge of recent HBA1c values and diabetes care understanding and self management. Diabetes care.2005; 28:816-822.
[3]. A.M. Delamater , A.M.Patino ,K. Schnieder , C.Luna-Pinto , M.Eidson . The glycosylated haemoglobin A1c test: what do youths really know about it? Diabetes.2001;50(Suppl.2)A:390-396.
[4]. D.E Goldstein , R.R.Little ,H.M. Wiedmeyer et al. Glycated haemoglobin: Methodologies and clinical applications. ClinChem.1986; 32:B64-70.
[5]. E.Selvin , K.Wattanakit,M.W. Steffens et al. HBA1c and peripheral arterial disease in diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Diabetes Care 2006; 29:877-882...

Abstract: Aim: to find the prevalence and characteristic features of oral leukoplakia in patients without any habits such as smoking, chewing or alcoholism Materials & method: the records in the department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Government Dental College, Kozhikode, was searched for cases of leukoplakia, during a period May 2015 to April 2016. Details such as gender, age, history of habits, type and site of leukoplakia, degree of dysplasia were recorded in a poforma. Results: among 62 leukoplakia patients, 10 cases were in patients without any habits. The no-habit group had equal gender distribution. Most of the no-habit group patients were below 50 years whereas most of the habit group were above 50 years (P<0.05). The........

Key words: Leukoplakia, tobacco, smoking, alcohol

[1]. van der Waal I. Oral leukoplakia, the ongoing discussion on definition and terminology. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015 Nov 1; 20(6): e685-92. [2]. Mello FW, Miguel AFP, Dutra KL, Porporatti AL, Warnakulasuriya S, Guerra ENS, Rivero ERC. Prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Pathol Med. 2018 May 8. doi: 10.1111/jop.12726. [Epub ahead of print]
[3]. Parlatescu I, Gheorghe C, Coculescu E, Tovaru S. Oral leukoplakia – An update. Maedica – J Clin Med. 2014; 9(1): 88-93
[4]. Qasrdashti AB, Habashi MS, Aresteh P, Ardakani MT, Abdoli Z, Eghbali SS. Malignant transformation in leukoplakia and its associated factors in Southern Iran: A hospital based experience. Iran J Pub Health. Aug 2017; 46(8): pp1110-1117
[5]. Singla S, Singla G, Zaheer S, Rawat DS, Mandal AK. Expression of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, c-erbB2 in oral leukoplakias and oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Can Res Ther 2018;14:388-93..

Abstract: Biliary and pancreatic pathologies are common in clinical practice. Evaluation of obstructive jaundice for precise assessment of cause, level and location is necessary for management of patient. Hence aim of present study is to compare diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography and ultrasonography in biliary and pancreatic pathologies. This study was conducted among fifty patients in the Department of Radio-diagnosis, GMC Kota who were clinically suspected to be suffering from pancreaticobiliary pathologies in all age groups. All the patients in the study underwent ultrasonography and MRCP. In this study benign and malignant........

Keywords: biliary obstruction, magnetic cholangiopancreaticography, ultrasonography

[1]. Vicary FR, Cusick G, Shirley IM, Blackwell RJ. Ultrasound and jaundice. Gut 1977;18:161-4
[2]. Regan F, Smith D, Khazan R, Bohlman M, Schultze-Haakh H, Campion J, et al. MR cholangiography in biliary obstruction using half-Fourier acquisition. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1996;20:627-32
[3]. Romagnuolo J, Bardou M, Rahme E, Joseph L, Reinhold C, Barkun AN. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: A meta-analysis of test performance in suspected biliary disease. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:547-57.
[4]. Kumar M, Prashad R, Kumar A, Sharma R, Acharya SK, Chattopadhyay TK. Relative merits of ultrasonography, computed tomography and cholangiography in patients of surgical obstructive jaundice. Hepatogastroenterology 1998;45:2027-32.

[5]. Manfredi R, Brizi MG, Masselli G, Vecchioli A, Marano P. Malignant biliary hilar stenosis: MR cholangiography compared with direct cholangiography. Radiol Med 2001;102:48-54..

Abstract: Background Surgery alone or surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy, often cause complications of varying degrees of severity. There seems to be an association between these complications and patient age, gender, as well as the treatment modalities and surgical techniques employed. This study investigated these probable relationships with regards to the current management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods A total of 245 ESCC patients who had received either neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy plus surgery or surgery alone, were recruited for this study. The relationships among patients' demographic factors, treatment modalities, surgical techniques, as well as postoperative complications were analyzed.........

Keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Locally advanced disease, Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, Surgical resection, Postoperative complication

[1]. Arnold, M., et al. (2015). "Global incidence of oesophageal cancer by histological subtype in 2012." Gut 64(3): 381-387.
[2]. Bagheri, R., et al. (2012). "The effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on airway colonization and postoperative respiratory complications in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer." Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery 14(6): 725-728.
[3]. Biere, S. S., et al. (2012). "Minimally invasive versus open oesophagectomy for patients with oesophageal cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial." The Lancet 379(9829): 1887-1892.
[4]. Chasimpha, S. J., et al. (2017). "Three year cancer incidence in Blantyre, Malawi (2008‐2010)." International journal of cancer 141(4): 694-700.
[5]. Chong, V. H., et al. (2015). "Esophageal cancer in Brunei Darussalam over a three decade period: an epidemiologic study of trends and differences between genders and racial groups." Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 16(9): 4123-4126..

Abstract: Exophytic gingival lesions are frequently encountered in our day-to-day clinical practice. Of which, Pyogenic granuloma is a relatively common, benign mucocutaneous lesion. The exact etiopathogenesis is unclear. Trauma, chronic inflammation, pregnancy are considered to be the possible etiological factors. The term 'pyogenic granuloma' is said to be a misnomer, because it is neither associated with pus formation nor a granulomatous lesion. Treatment consists of surgical excision along with eradicating the causative agents. Recurrence of the lesion can be prevented by complete excision of the lesion and by following proper oral hygiene measures. This article describe a case of pyogoenic granuloma in a 16year old female which have been successfully managed and maintained.

Keywords: pyogenic granuloma, gingiva, hartzell disease

[1]. Bhaskar SN, Jacoway JR. Pyogenic granuloma clinical features, incidence, histology and result of treatment: report of 242 cases. J Oral Surg. 1966; 24: 391-99.
[2]. Hullihen SP. Case of aneurism by anatomosis of the superior maxillae. Am J Dent Sc. 1844;4:160-162.
[3]. Hartzell MB. Granuloma pyogenicum. J Cutan Dis Syph.1904;22:520-525.
[4]. Hamid Jafarzadeh, Majid Sanatkhani and Nooshin Mohtasham. Oral pyogenic granuloma: A review. J of Oral Science 48(4), 2006, 167-175.
[5]. Ramirez K, Bruce G, Carpenter W. Pyogenic granuloma: a case report in a 9 year old girl. Gen Dent. 2002; 50: 280-281...

Abstract: Tinnitus is thought to be an auditory phenomenon resulting from spontaneous neuronal activity somewhere along the auditory pathways either in the peripheral or central nervous system. The neuronal abnormalities underlying tinnitus are largely unknown. This study analysis the auditory brainstem responses in normal hearing patients with tinnitus. This study consisted of 100 patients divided into two groups. Group 1( control)-50 normal hearing patients without tinnitus. Group 2 ( study)- 50 normal hearing patients complaining of tinnitus. Both groups were subjected to full audiological history taking, otological examination, basic audiological evaluation and Auditory Brainstem Responses ( ABR) followed by.........

Keywords: Tinnitus, Auditory brainstem response, Absolute latency, Interpeak latency

[1]. Shulman A , Seitz MR (1981) central tinnitus- diagnosis and treatment : observations of simultaneous binaural auditory brain responses with monaural stimulation in the tinnitus patient. Laryngoscope 92 (12):2025-2035
[2]. Moller AR (1984) Pathophysiology of tinnitus. Ann otol Rhinol Laryngol 93:39-44
[3]. Maurizi M, Ottaviani F, Paludetti G Contribution to the differentiation of peripheral versus central tinnitus via auditory brainstem response evaluation. Audiology.1985;24(3):207-216
[4]. Barnea G, Attias J, Gold S, Shahar A (1990) Tinnitus with normal hearing sensitivity : extended high frequency audiometry and auditory nerve brainstem evoked responses. Audiology 29: 36-45
[5]. Ikner CL, Hassen AH (1990) The effects of tinnitus on ABR latencies. Ear Hear 11(1):16-20.

Abstract: Knowing the normal morphology of tooth is important to detect the abnormal morphology of tooth.This case report describes of a dental anomaly called fusion in a seven year old boy .It is one of the rare dental anomaly seen. It can lead to certain problems like spacing, malocclusion, esthetic and periodontal problems. Thus proper diagnosis is necessary for early detection so that possible complications can be avoided.

Keywords: fusion, dental morphology ,crown size, dental anomaly

[1]. Milano M, Seybold SV, McCandless G, Cammarata R. Bilateral fusion of the mandibular primary incisors: Report of case. J Dent Child.66, 1999;280-282.
[2]. Velasco LFL, Araujo FB, Ferreira ES, Velasco LEL. Esthetic and functional treatment of a fused permanent tooth: A case report. Quintessence Int;28,1997;677-680.
[3]. Surmont PA, Martens LC, De Craene LG. A complete fusion in the primary human dentition: A histological approach. J Dent Child. 55,1988;362-367.
[4]. Brook, A. H. & Winter, G. B. Double teeth. A retrospective study of 'geminated' and 'fused' teeth in children. Br. Dent. J., 129(3), 1970;123-30,
[5]. Le Gall, M.; Philip, C. &Aboudharam, G. Orthodontic treatment of bilateral geminated maxillary permanent incisors. Am. J. Orthod. DentofacialOrthop., 139(5), 2011;698- 703.