iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2018

Abstract: Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease that might affect up to one-third of the adult population in industrialised countries. NAFLD incorporates histologically and clinically different non-alcoholic entities; fatty liver (NAFL, steatosis hepatis) and steatohepatitis (NASH-characterised by hepatocyte ballooning and lobular inflammation ± fibrosis) might progress to cirrhosis and rarely to hepatocellular cancer. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed from November 2016 to may 2018 in the Department of General Medicine, Maheswara Medical...........

Key words: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, urban, rural, BMI

[1]. Ludwig J, Viggiano TR, McGill DB, Oh BJ. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Mayo Clinic experiences with a hitherto unnamed disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 1980;55:434–438.
[2]. Angulo P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1221–1231.
[3]. Smith BW, Adams LA. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2011;48:97–113.
[4]. Browning JD, Szczepaniak LS, Dobbins R, Nuremberg P, Horton JD, Cohen JC, Grundy SM, Hobbs HH. Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity. Hepatology. 2004;40:1387–1395.
[5]. Roden M. Mechanisms of Disease: hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes--pathogenesis and clinical relevance. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2006;2:335–348..

Abstract: Introduction: Chronic Bronchitis (CB) is defined as a chronic cough and sputum production for at least 3 months a year for 2 consecutive years. [3] It is covered under the umbrella term of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Material and Methods: Randomized, Single Blind, Placebo Controlled Study was conducted in the M.G.M Medical College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. In this study 100 patients were enrolled. These patients were randomly divided into two groups of 50 each. Chronic bronchitis patients between 18 to 70 years age group were included in this study. Patients with complications of respiratory failure were excluded from the study. Results: There is statistically significant (P < 0.05) increase in percentage of predicted values of FEV1 and Peak Expiratory Flow in test group..........

Key words: Tinospora cordifolia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Bronchitis

[1]. Dahanukar SA, Thatte UM. Current status of ayurveda in phytomedicine. Phytomedicine 1997;4(4):359-68.
[2]. Kirtikar, Basu NO. Menispermacae. Indian medicinal plants. 4th edn. 1997:76-81. [10] Arya VA, Vaiday S. Tinospora Cordifolia (wild). In: Miers ex Hook F, Thomas. Text book of Indian medicinal plants. 4th edn. 1997;5:283-9.
[3]. Sharma PV, Guduchi. Classical uses of medicinal plants. 2nd edn. 1996:128-32.
[4]. Cains IF. Tinospora Cordiofolia. The medical & poisonous plants of India. 4th edn. 1994:175-6.
[5]. Basu BD. Tinospora Cordifolia. In: Miers. edr. Text book of Indian medicinal plants. 4th edn. 1995:35-8..

Abstract: Background :Immunohistochemical determination of proliferative activity is a useful supplement for establishing the histopathological diagnosis of glioma. Ki-67/MIB-1 immunostaining is most commonly used and has been shown to correlate positively with tumor grade and prognosis [6,7,8]. Despite its widespread use, the procedure still has many uncertain and limiting factors, including problematic overlap of indices between different glioma grades and inherent problems in the immunohistochemical analysis [5-11]. Thus, publishing data on Ki-67/MIB-1 immunostaining in human gliomas is still worthwhile in order to optimize this method, with the superior goal of achieving a standardized procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Ki-67/MIB-1 proliferative indices (PIs) in a series of gliomas and critically evaluate the findings and procedure. Materials and Methods :.....

Keywords: Glioma, astrocytoma, immunohistochemistry, ki 67..

[1]. Bondy ML, Scheurer ME, Malmer B, Jill S, Barnholtz S, Davis FG, et al. Brain Tumour Epidemiology: Consensus from the brain tumour epidemiology consortium. Cancer 2008; 113: 1953-1968.
[2]. Jalali R, Datta D. Prospective analysis of incidence of central nervous tumours presenting in a tertiary care centre hospital in India. Journal of Neurooncology 2008; 87: 111-114.
[3]. David N. Louis, Hiroko Ohgaki, Otmar D. Wiestler,Webster K. Cavenee (Eds):WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System (Revised 4th edition).IARC; Lyon 2016.
[4]. Coons SW, Johnson PC, Scheithauer BW, Yates AJ, Pearl DK. Improving diagnostic accuracy and inter observer concordance in the classification and grading of primary gliomas. Cancer. 1997;79:1381–1393.
[5]. van den Bent MJ. Inter observer variation of the histopathological diagnosis in clinical trials on glioma: a clinician's perspective. ActaNeuropathol. 2010; 120: 297–304..

Abstract: Hypothyroidism and diabetes share clinical sign and symptoms, such as fatigue, lethargy and weight gain. Thyroid hormones and insulin exert their metabolic effects which are similar in some respects but antagonistic in others, Insulin inhibits glycogenolysis, glycolysis as well as glucogenesis. Whereas thyroid hormones has a stimulating effects on this action. Aims and Objectives: To study the effect of oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA) and Insulin on thyroid profile of type II diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: It was a cross sectional study done on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. 100 cases and 50 controls were included in the study. Diabetic........

[1]. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. The McGraw Hill Companies, chapter 344.
[2]. Hall john E, Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical physiology.13th ed, Elsevier, 956-958, 986-988.
[3]. Celani MF, Bonati ME, Stucci N, Prevalence of abnormal thyrotropin concentrations measured by a sensitive assay in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res. 1994;27(1):15-25.
[4]. Sendhav S, Gandhi P, Sanghai H, Khubchandani A. Comparison of thyroid status in patients of diabetes mellitus and non diabetic population. Int J Res med.2013; 31-33
[5]. PalanisamyPasupathi. Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction in the Diabetic / Non-Diabetic Population. Thyroid Science. 2008; 3(8): CLS1-6..

Abstract: Wilms tumor (WT) in a children younger than 3 months is a very rare condition comprising less than 2% of cases. Here we present arare case of WT diagnosed at the age of only 1 month. A female newborn baby when came for 1st visit immediate after birth to a pediatrician, a mass was noted in left lumber region . Her first USG report was not conclusive but repeat USG at 1 month showed focal lesion within left kidney . CT scan also revealed mass lesion suggestive of WT.Total nephrectomy was performed and histologic examination confirmed WT. Patient received postoperative chemotherapy with vincristine and actinomycim-D. Now she is on regular follow up for one and a half years after completion of treatment without any complications and signs of recurrence.

Key words: Newborn, abdominal mass, Wilms tumor

[1]. Sarin YK, Rahul SK, Sinha S, Khurana N, Ramji S. Antenatally Diagnosed Wilms,Tumour. J Neonat Surg.2014; 3(1): 8.
[2]. Schwartsman BG, et al. DoencasNeoplasicas da Crianca e do Adolescente. In: ColecaoPediatriaInstituto da Criancado Hospital das Clinicas. 1st ed. Manole; 2012.pp.105-121.
[3]. Malkan AD, Loh A, Bahrami A, et al. An approach to renal masses in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 2015;135(1):142-158.
[4]. International Society of Paediatric Oncology -Protocol SIOP 2001. Available from: https://www.skion.nl/workspace/uplo ads/Protocol-SIOP-2001.pdf. Acess: 15/04/2016.
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Abstract: Health care associated infections have imposed a huge burden on present medical management. One of the commonest causes for surgical site infection is nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. Decolonization of this organism from nasal and extra nasal sites may reduce the risk of Health care associated infections. A prospective study was conducted, in which all patients undergoing general surgery from January 2017 to December 2017were included. Preoperatively all patients were screened for nasal carriage of S.aureus by conventional culture method, cefoxitin disc and to detect (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) MRSA and kit agglutination method to detect Mec A gene of MRSA. The (Surgical Site Infection) SSI was recorded based on the criteria of (Centers for Disease........

Key words: ............

[1]. Hall M, Lawrence L. Ambulatory surgery in the United States, 1996. Advance data from vital and health statistics. No. 300. Hyattsville, Md.: National Center for Health Statistics, 1998. (DHHS publication no. (PHS) (98-1250.)
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Abstract: Kala-azar is a protozoal disease characterised by fever of alternating, remittent or intermittent type.The problem of kala-azar assumes considerable importance today in view of epidemic outbreak in our country India.Liver is vital organ of the bodyand it is invariably affected in Kala-azar. The main aim of this work is to assess the severity of damage of liver in Kala-azar by means of various liver function tests. A Study on 100 diagnosed cases of kala-azar in NMCH& RMRIMS ,Patna and 25 healthy individuals was done .Predefined questionnaire was used. Appropriate statistical tests were used whenever necessary.In the present study, the different types of liver function tests were performed and analysed. The mean value of different parameters of liver function test were deranged........

Key words: Kala-azar, Liver Function test, Hepatic damage.

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Abstract: Dentalesthetic managementconsist ofcreative and subjective components design to create illusion of beauty. Denture esthetics does not begin and end with selection of denture teeth, factors such as impression technique, occlusal plane, vertical dimension, and centric relation also significantly affect denture esthetics. The dentist must think through esthetic guidelines to achieve esthetics for complete denture.

Key words: Denture Esthetics, Complete Denture, Facial Esthetics

[1]. Esthetic in dentistry 2nd edition volume 1, Ronald E Golstein.
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Abstract: Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the color stability of maxillofacial silicone elastomer (Cosmesil M511) after exposing them to five different human and environmental aging conditions. Material and methods: Sixty disk- shape maxillofacial silicone Cosmesil M511 (Principality Medical Ltd., South Wales, UK) (Part A: Part B = 10:1) specimens were prepared and equally divided into 5 groups. Dark room (control) (group A),outdoor weathering (group B), acidic perspiration (group C), neutral soap (group D) and disinfectant (group E) along with subgroups in each groups dark brown, medium brown and light brown using the principality skin shade P416, P406 and P418. The conditioning period for Group A, B, C are 3 months; group D and E for 30 hours. Color change (ΔE) was measured at the end of the conditioning period using spectrophotometer. Data was analysed with One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's Post – Hoc tests. The probability value .05 is considered as significant level.........

Key words: color stability, maxillofacial silicone elastomer, spectrophotometer, outdoor weathering, acidic perspiration, neutral soap, disinfectant

[1]. The Effect of Different Storage Conditions on the Physical Properties of Pigmented Medical Grade I Silicone Maxillofacial Material.
[2]. B. B. Turhan, H. Yılmaz, C. S.Aydın, I.Karakoca, and K. Yılmaz, "In vitro cytotoxicity of maxillofacial silicone elastomers: effect of accelerated aging," Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, vol. 89B, no. 1, pp. 122–126, 2009.
[3]. Maxillofacial defects and their classification: a review. Dr. Aakarshan Dayal Gupta, Dr. Aviral Verma, Dr. Jahnur Ikramul Islam, Dr. Shashank Agarwal. International Journal of Advanced Research (2016), Volume 4, Issue 6, 109-114
[4]. Cantor R, Webber R, Straud L, Ryge G. Methods for evaluating prosthetic facial materials. J Prosthet Dent 1969;21:324-32.
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Abstract: Cerebro-tendinousxanthomatosis (CTX) is a genetic disorder of metabolic origin..It is an inborn error of bile acid metabolismtransmitted by an autosomal recessive gene characterised by juvenile cataract, tendon xanthomas and neurological symptoms due to degenerative changes in the cerebellum and cerebrum of the brain and xanthomas in the tendons.37 years old femalepresented with multiple swellings over both the tendons of Achilles, elbow and patellar tendon along with cerebellar and pyramidal signs. She had recurrent seizures and was mentally subnormal. She also had cataractin the right eye underwent surgery four years ago. X- Rays and MRI of the leg showed...........

Key words: CerebrotendinousXanthomatosis (CTX), Chenodeoxycholic Acid (CDCA), Cholesterol, Cholestanol,Xanthoma

[1]. Bajaj BK, Singh A, Anand KS, Gar J. CerebrotendinousXanthomatosis; report of two cases and novel genetic mutation in the Indian patients. J of neurosciences in rural practice-213; 4(1):87-90
[2]. Ana Claudia Rodrigues de Cerqueira, I Antonio EgidioNardi, I Jose Marcelo Ferreira Bezzerra; Cerebrotendinousxanthomatosis: a treatable hereditary neuro-metabolic disease. Clinics. 210; 65(11):217-8.

[3]. Nie S, Chen G, Cao X, Zhang Y. Cerebrotendinousxanthomatosis, a comprehensive review of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2014; 9:179-90
[4]. Jha S, Khateeb M, Sonker K. Cerebrotendinousxanthomatosis, early diagnosis is mandatory; a report of a case from north India. Neurology Asia. 2008; 13:125-8.
[5]. Cruysberg JR, Wevers RA, van Engelen BG, Pinckers A, van Spreeken A, Tolboom JJ. Ocular and systemic manifestations of Cerebrotendinousxanthomatosis. Am J Ophthalmol1995; 120:597-604.

Abstract: Background : Pneumonia has been referred to as captain of men of death in the past. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a common and serious illness with a significant morbidity and mortality in the 21st century, despite the availability of potent antibiotics .Short duration of the illness and effectiveness of treatment are major positive aspects of management of community acquired pneumonia (CAP).pneumonia is the most common cause of hospital attendance in adults. Aetiology of half of all patients with CAP remains uncertain. The relative frequency of etiological agents varies among different geographical areas. Material and methods : The study comprises..........

Key words:CAP, copd, chest x ray,AFB,sutum culture.

[1]. Thomas J Marrie, fishmans text book of pulmonary diseases and disorders, 4th edition, volume 2:2097-2114.
[2]. B.D. Chaurasia, text book of human anatomy, 4TH edition, volume 1, chapter 16, pages 223- 231.
[3]. Shah et al, bacteriological and clinical profile of CAP in hospitalised patients, lung india, volume 27, issue 2, april-june 2010.
[4]. S.Bansal et al, clinical and bacteriological profile of CAP, IJCD 2004;46:17-22.
[5]. Bilal Bin Abdullah et al, study of CAP in elderly, ISRN pulmonology, volume 2012, article id 936790.

Abstract: Hepatic cystadenoma is a rare tumor, preferentially observed in women after forty years. The lesion is usually voluminous and made of a cystic cavity. It is characterized by its tendency to recur after surgery and its risk of malignant transformation into cystadenocarcinoma. The great contribution of imaging and especially the careful analysis of radiological aspects is very helpful. Only the histopathological examination can decide on the benign or malignant nature of the lesion. Treatment consists of surgical excision of the tumor. We report the case of a hepatic cystadenoma in a woman in her fifties and we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this type of lesion that justifies radical treatment, even in the absence of an argument in favor of malignancy.

Key words: liver, cystadenoma, recurrence, imaging approach, surgical resection

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[5]. Manouras A, Markogiannakis H, Lagoudianakis E, Katergiannakis V. Biliary cystadenoma with mesenchymal stroma: report of a case and review of the literature. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2006;12(37):6062–6069..

Abstract: Background: Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is a major public health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Amongst various Hepatitis viral infections, Hepatitis A virus is known to be the commonest cause of AVH. Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the population attending our tertiary care hospital and clinically diagnosed as hepatitis. Method: This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of three years (2015 to 2017). Serum was separated and tests were run on miniVIDAS and VIDAS (bioMerieux, France) for the detection of anti-HAV IgM. Patients of both genders from all age..........

Key words:Hepatitis A, Anti-HAV IgM, viral hepatitis..

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