iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2018

Abstract: Dicofenac patch is a novel approach to a less invasive advent of analgesia. Most of the older versions of analgesia were one or other way invasive, which needs the assistance of medical or para medical staff.In older methods like intramuscular or intravenous strict sterile precautions are necessary for proper outcome, sterility of the needle or person who is administering it is needed. Here this method eliminates the need for multiple injections, avoids first pass metabolism and is unaffected by first pass metabolism, definitive role in topical anaesthesia, acute pain management musculoskeletal and neuropathic pain. Diclofenac patches are available at strengths of 100mg, 200mg...........

Keywords: VAS - Visualanalogue scale, iontophoresis, electroporation, magnetophoresis, rescue analgesic, first pass effect, stratum corneum, posthoc analysis..

[1]. Hughes J. Pain Management: From Basics to Clinical Practice. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. 2008:43-8.
[2]. Pastore MN, Kalia YN, Horstmann M, Roberts MS. Transdermal Patches: history, development and pharmacology. Br J Pharmacol. 2015; 172 (9) : 2179 – 209
[3]. Rastogi V Yadav P. Transdermal drug delivery system: An overview. Asian J Pharm.2012; 6: 161-70
[4]. Nounou MI, EL-Khordagui LK, Khalafallah NA, Khalil SA. Liposomal formulation for dermal transdermaldrug delivery: past,present and future. Recent Pat Drug Delivery Formul. 2008; 2(1): 9-18
[5]. Margetts L, Sawyer R. Transdermal drug delivery: principles and opioid therapy.Cotin Educ AnnaesthCrit CarePain.2007; 7(5): 171-6.

Abstract: Objective: Thalassemia trait is commonly seen in Indian population especially in certain communities like Sindhis, Kachchis, Gujaratis& Bengalis. The individuals having thalassemia trait usually have asymptomatic course &have mild microcytic hypochromic anemia. Since the other cause of microcytic anemia is iron deficiency, it is important to differentiate it from and thalassemia trait. Though the definitive diagnosis of thalassemia trait is possible only by Hb electrophoresis, there are certain blood indices which can differentiate between thalassemia trait and Iron deficiency anemia. Mentzer index is such an index. The aim of our study was to evaluate the reliability of Mentzer index in the differentiation of iron deficiency anemia and Thalassemia trait.............

Keywords:Beta Thalassemia trait, Iron deficiency anemia , Mentzer Index

[1]. Rathod DA, Kaur A, Patel V, et al. Usefulness of cell counter-based parameters and formulas in detection of β-thalassemia trait in areas of high prevalence. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2007;128(4):585–589. [PubMed] [2]. Urrechaga E, Borque L, Escanero JF. The role of automated measurement of RBC subpopulations in differential diagnosis of microcytic anemia and β-thalassemia screening. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2011;135(3):374–379. [PubMed]
[3]. Yates AM, Mortier NA, Hyde KS, Hankins JS, Ware RE. The Diagnostic Dilemma of Congenital Unstable Hemoglobinopathies.Pediatric blood & cancer.2010;55(7):1393-1395
[4]. Karimi M, Cohan N, De Sanctis V, Mallat NS, Taher A. Guidelines for diagnosis and management of Beta-thalassemia intermedia. PediatrHematolOncol. 2014Oct; 31(7):583-96.
[5]. Eldibany MM, Totonchi KF, Joseph NJ, Rhone D. Usefulness of certain red blood cell indices in diagnosing and differentiating thalassemia trait from iron deficiency anemia. Am J ClinPathol. 1999 May;111(5):676-82. Erratum in: Am J ClinPathol 1999 Sep;112(3):428..

Abstract: Background: Anesthesia continue to be a major concern to the patient and anesthesiologist still behind screen Objective: To assess patient's concept about anesthesia and role of anesthetist, with comparison between two groups regarding anesthesia administer previously. Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on Ghazi AL-Hariri Hospital, Anesthesia consultation clinic. The total number of the study sample were (52) surgical patients out of (60) the remaining was dropout due to incomplete data, age from20-50 year. The Study Instrument It is composed of 2 major parts and these parts are: the first part related to Socio-demographic Data and the second is questionnaire format related to anesthesia & its related issues which consists of (16) items, divided into (2) types of questions regarding previous..........

Keywords: Anesthesia concept, Anesthesiologist role, Anesthesia clinic.

[1]. Birva N Khara, Krutika B Rupera,Kinjal R Gondalia. Knowledge about anesthesia and perception about anesthesiologist among patients at rural tertiary care hospital: across sectional survey .Nati J Med Res.2013:3(4):371-373.
[2]. SK Mathur, SK Dube and Sunil Jain.Knowledg about Anesthesia and Anesthesiologist amongst General Population in India. India
[3]. J Anesthesia.2009 Apr; 53(2):179-186.
[4]. Nathani U, Purohit D, Bajaj P.Public. Awareness about Anesthesia and Anesthesiologist: Asurvey. Indian J Anesth.2007:51(5); 420-426.
[5]. Swinhoe CF, Groves ER. Patients' knowledge of anesthetic practice and the role of anesthetists .Anesthesia, 1994, Feb; 49(2); 165-166..

Abstract: Various methods and scoring systems are used to identify the risks and morbidity and mortality in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation. Early assessment by scoringsystems will influence the management and prognosis. Various factors like age, sex, duration, site of perforation, extent of peritonitis and delay in surgical intervention are associated with morbidity and mortality.Our study aims to predict the effectiveness of Mannheim Peritonitis Index scoring in predicting the morbidity and mortality due to hollow viscus perforation. This prospective observational study was conducted in patients presenting with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation to EMERGENCY OPD, at Bokaro General Hospital, Bokaro Steel City, India from both rural and urban area. A total of..............

Key words: Hollow viscus perforation, Peritonitis, Mannheim Peritonitis Index, Prognostic Outcome

[1]. COURTNEY M. TOWNSEND, R. DANIEL BEAUCHAMP, B. MARK EVERS, KENNETH L. MATTOX , Sabiston 19th edition, chapter 45, page no 1100- 1101.

[2]. Knaus WA, Zimmerman JE, Wagner DP, Draper EA, Lawrence DE. APACHE-acute physiology and chronic health evaluation: a physiologically based classification system. Critical Care Medicine. 1981:9.

[3]. Moller MH, Adamsen S, Thomsen RW, Moller AM. Preoperative prognostic factors for mortality in peptic ulcer perforation – a systematic review. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010;45:785–805.
[4]. Demmel N, Muth G, Maag K, Osterholzer G. Prognostic scores in peritonitis: The Mannheim peritonitis index or APACHE II, Langenbecks Arch Chir 1994;379:347-52.

[5]. Wacha H, Linder MM, Feldman U, Wesch G, Gundlach E, Steifensand RA. Mannheim peritonitis index – prediction of risk of death from peritonitis: construction of a statistical and validation of an empirically based index. Theoretical Surg. 1987;1:169–77...

Abstract: Acute fatty liver of pregnancy(AFLP) is a potentially fatal liver disorder of pregnancy, whose clinical diagnosis is difficult. We present a 28year old primigravida at 34weeks with singleton pregnancy who was referred with altered liver function tests(LFT) and renal failure. Based on clinical features and investigations we diagnosed the case as AFLP. She had multi organ dysfunction(MODS) and despite of rigorous ICU management, she was deteriorating. She responded to induction of labour and a dead fetus was delivered vaginally; but she ultimately succumbed to her condition after 13 days.

Key words: AFLP, altered LFT, renal failure, multiorgan dysfunction, induction of labour

[1]. Bacq Y. The liver in pregnancy. In: Schiff ER, Sorrell MF, Schiff L, Maddrey WC, editors. Schiff's Diseases of the liver (2006). 10th Edn Lippincott: Williams and Wilkins (LWW) 1281–1304.
[2]. Ch'ng CL, Morgan M, Hainsworth I, Kingham JG (2002) Prospective study of liver dysfunction in pregnancy in Southwest Wales. Gut 51: 876-880.
[3]. Rajasri AG, Srestha R, Mitchell J (2007) Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP)- An overview. J Obstet Gynaecol 27: 237-240.
[4]. Treem WR. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Semin Gastrointest Dis 2002;13:55–66.
[5]. L. L. Bellig, "Maternal acute fatty liver of pregnancy and the associated risk for long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency in infants," Advances in Neonatal Care, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 26–32, 2004...

Abstract: With the consistently advancing orthodontic practices, the idea of self-ligation is promptly acknowledged by clinicians over the globe. Before long, stainless steel and elastomeric ligatures will turn into an obsolete clearing a path for more comfortable and easy to use self-ligating appliances. Self ligating framework gives an additional preferred standpoint of diminished ligation time and diminished friction in this manner decreasing anchorage demand. Considering the upsides of self-ligating brackets for the clinician, staff, and patient, they may well turn into the ―conventional‖ appliance system of the 21st century. This article features different self-ligating systems from the past to present to help in selection of choice in order to utilize this current system features to the best possible extent.

Key words; Self ligating brackets; conventional appliance system; Friction; Anchorage.

[1]. Stolzenberg J: The Russell attachment and its improved advantages. Int J Orthod Dent Child 21:837-840, 1935
[2]. Harradine NWT: Self-ligating brackets: where are we now? J Orthod 2003;30:262-273
[3]. Nigel Harradine The History and Development of Self-Ligating Brackets Seminars in Orthodontics, Vol 14, No 1 (March), 2008: pp 5-18 5
[4]. Wildman, A.J.; Hice, T.L.; Lang, H.M.; Lee, I.F.; and Strauch, E.C. Jr.: Round Table: The Edgelok bracket, J. Clin. Orthod.1972; 6:613-623
[5]. Harradine NWT: Self-ligating brackets: where are we now? J Orthod 2003;30:262-273

Abstract: Gastroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera was studied in 15 Wistar albino rats of both sexes weighing 350 - 450 g body weight (wt.).The rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 5 rats per group.Method for the preparation of animals and the surgical procedure were done according to the method of Ibu et al., 1986. Group 1 served as control (CTR) , group2 as acid alcohol (AA) alone and group3 moringa + acid alcohol ( MA) group. Results showed that moringa oleifera prevented ulceration when administered before acid acohol . There was significant difference between group 1 and group 2; group 2 and group3 ( p< 0.01). Moringa oleifera significantly offered gastroprotection against acid alcohol induced ulcer. it is concluded that moringa oleifera offers cytoprotection against acid-alcohol induced gastic ulcer.

Key Words: ( Moringa oleifera, gastroprotection, gastric ulcer )

[1]. J.O. Ibu JO, Synopsis of medical physiology (Manchester, Amazon Press, 1987).
[2]. Schwarz Dragutin. Uber abnorme Ausmun dungen Der ureteren und deren Chirurgische Behandlung (nebst Bemerkungen Uber die doppelte Harnblase). Beitr Klin Chir; 15, 1910, 159-244.
[3]. Valle DL. Peptic ulcer diseases and related disorders Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division 2005:1746-1762
[4]. Bhoomannavar V.S . Patil V.P , Shivakumar Hugar , Nanjappaiah H.M and Navanath Kalyane. Anti-Ulcer Activity of neptunia Oleracea Lour Pharmacologyonline, 3, 2011, 1015-1020
[5]. Ariypshi, I., Toshiharu, A., Sugimura, F., Abe, M., Matsuo, Y., and Honda, T. Recurrence during maintenence therapy with histamine H2 receptors antagonist in cases of gastric ulcers. Nikon University Journal of Medicine; 28, 1986, pp. 69-74.

Abstract: Background and Aims: Epidural labor analgesia has become a milestone in obstetric analgesia with anaesthesiologists worldwide us-ing it on parturients for painless and safe childbirth. This survey aims to look at the anaesthesiologists' know-ledge on epidural labor analgesia, their attitude towards its routine use against their ages, gender and years of experience, how often they practiced it and whether their personal experience influenced their practice. Material and Methods: The study is designed as a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Sixty-two anaesthesiologists working in govern-ment hospitals of eastern India responded to the study. Data was collected using a likert type questionnaire send through digital mail. Statistical analysis was done be The Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20. Results:...........

Key Messages: The increased availability of epidural labor analgesia and positive experiences of parturients who have had painless labor has reshaped the belief of women today. It is therefore important that care provid-ers are fully acquainted with epidural labor analgesia. The purpose of this survey is to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of epidural analgesia in labor among anaesthesiologists at government hospitals of east-ern India..

[1]. Vincent RD, Chestnut DH. Epidural analgesia during labor, University of Alabama School of medicine, Birmingham, Alabama Am Fam Physician. 1998 Nov 15; 58(8):1785-1792.
[2]. Simkin P, Bolding A. Update on nonpharmacologic approaches to relieve labor pain and prevent suffering. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2004; 49(6):489–504.
[3]. Kothari D, Bindal J. Impact of obstetric analgesia (regional vs parenteral) on progress and outcome of labor: a review. J Rom Anest Terap Int 2011; 18: 34-40
[4]. Fisher, Laing and Stoeckel in Mugenda OM and Mugenda AG. Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Acts Press, Nairobi; 2003.

[5]. Longinus NE, Omiepirisha YB, Subhamay G. Physical and psychological aspects of pain in obstetrics. In: Subhamay G (ed) chap-ter9, Pain in perspective [Online].[place not written]:Intech; 2012.Available from: hptt://www.intechopen.com/books/pain-in-perspective/physical-and- psychological-aspects-of pain-in-obstetrics ISBN= 978-953-51-0807-8 DOI;10.5772/53923 (Accessed 2013 Jan 21).

Abstract: INTRODUCTION – Hairs are non- vital but have very importance in our personality. We all pay attention to improve quantity and quality of hair for cosmetic reason s . But we want remove our Body hair for same cosmetic reason. By This article we can knew all about our hairs (Head + body hairs).Because only modern human beings have long hairs on head and short hairs on rest of the body. Primitive man has large hairs .But when man move from one place to other for hunting ,physical appearance of human get changed for counteract heat and parasites .CONCLUSION- During evolution changes have occurred. Further now –a – days mostly man face with problem of hair fall. BY Medications and by hair transplantation (in baldness) we maintain hairs on our head .Although hair-fall is a natural processes(in limited number) .Old hair fall and new healthy hairs grow in place of damaged hairs (Hair growth cycle).

Keywords:- Hairs , hair fall , evolution , hair transplantation ,Body- hairs , U.V. rays

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[4]. Jablonski,N.G;. Chaplin,G.(2010). "Human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to U.V. radiation‟. Proceedings of National Academy of sciences of the united states of America .107 (supplement -2):8962-8968
[5]. Gorillas gave public lice to humans ,DNA study reveals‟. National Geographic. 28 october 2010. Retrieved 18 February 2015.