iosr-JDMS   Volume-17 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2018

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic accuracy of Ranson and APACHE II and III scoring systems in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis. METHODS: A time bound prospective study was conducted on patients admitted with acute pancreatitis during the study period from December 2015 to December 2017. After considering both inclusion and exclusion criteria, total number of patients included in the study were 40. All the 40 patients were subjected to both Ranson's and APACHE II scoring systems. Scoring was done on admission/time of diagnosis and at 48 hours. The scores were compared with the clinical outcome. RESULTS:............

[1]. Moynihan B. Acute Pancreatitis. Ann Surg. 1925;81:132-142.
[2]. Thomas L Bollen et al; A Comparative Evaluation of Radiologic and Clinical
[3]. Scoring Systems in the Early Prediction of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis. The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 2012 Apr; 107: 612-619.

[4]. Rawad Mounzer et al; Comparison of Existing Clinical Scoring Systems to Predict Persistent Organ Failure in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis. J Gastoenterology. 2012 Mar; 50-85.
[5]. Fabre A et al; Severity scores in children acute pancreatitis.JPediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012 Mar 20..

Abstract: Antibiotics are used in plenty either with or without prescription.There is a growing concern that vast majority of patientsuses antibiotic without proper rationale.Consequencesof such practices are serious and resistance to many antibiotics already showing increasing trend.It is a Global problem and WHO has developed an action plan suggesting urgent action by member states.Indiais the largest consumer of antibiotic and reported to encounter increasing resistance to many antibiotics of public health importance.There is an urgent need to tackle the problem. Antimicrobial stewardship program (AMSP) being one of the effective measure in combating antibiotic resistance. AMSP is still rudimentary in our country. This study is an attempt to understand the pattern and the magnitude of the problem of antibiotic misuse in the setting of a teaching institute. It is found that antibiotic...........

Keywords:antibiotic, antibiotic resistance, culture sensitivity, antibiotic stewardship program.

[1]. Van BoeckelTP,Gandra S, Ashok A,CaudronQ,GrenfellBT,LevinSA,LaxminarayanR.Global antibiotic consumption 2000 to 2010: an analysis of normal pharmaceutical sales data.Lancet Infect Dis.2014 Aug;14(8):742-750.
[2]. Robert A. Weinstein.Health care -associated Infections.Longo,Fauci,Kasper,Hauser,Jameson,Loscalzo.Harrisons principles of Internal Medicine.18thedition, volume1; page:1119.
[3]. Steven M Opal,Aurora Pop-Vica.Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Bacteria.Mandell,Douglas,Bennett's.Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases,8thedition, volume1; page:250.
[4]. DellitT,OwensR,McGowenJ,GerdingD,Weinstein R, Burke HuskinsPatersonD,FishmanN,CarpenterC,BrennanP,BilleterM,Hooten T. Infectious Diseases Society of America(IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardship. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007;44(2):159-177.
[5]. GandraS,JoshiJ,TrettA,LamkangAS,andLaxminarayan R.2017.Scoping Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in India.Washington, DC:Center for DiseaseDynamics,Economics& Policy.

Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer among the females of developing countries. Before evolving into cancer, the cervical epithelium undergoes a series of dysplastic changes. Simple screening techniques done even in low resource setting will detect the lesion thereby facilitating early management. Nevertheless, these screening techniques not only detect the premalignant and malignant lesions but also the non-neoplastic lesions Aims and objectives:To categorize the VIA/VILI (Visual Inspection with Acetic acid / Visual Inspection with Lugols Iodine) positive cervical lesions Settings and design:The cervical biopsies of VIA/VILI positive cases were analyzed in the Department of Pathology in Kanyakumari Government Medical College for a period of one year. Materials and methods: It is a descriptive study......

Keywords: VIA/VILI, CERVICAL BIOPSIES, CHRONIC CERVICITIS, PREMALIGNANT LESION, MALIGNANT LESION.

[1]. GLOBOCAN 2012 (IARC) Cervical Cancer Estimated Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012, , Section of Cancer Surveillance (29/1/2018)
[2]. Singh A, Singh K, Agarwal NR. Correlation of Pap smear and visual inspection with acetic acid for screening of premalignant and malignant lesion of cervix. Int J Res Med Sci 2015; 3(9):2382-5.
[3]. Chase DM, Kalouyan M, DiSaia PJ. Colposcopy to evaluate abnormal cervical cytology in 2008. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200(5):472–80.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4]. Tamil Nadu Health Systems Project. [Last accessed on 2013 March 29]. Available from:http://www.tnhsp.org/screening-cervicalcancer-and-breast-cancer
[5]. P. Ghosh, G. Gandhi, P.K. Kochhar, V. Zutshi & S. Batra. Visual inspection of cervix with Lugol's iodine for early detection of premalignant & malignant lesions of cervix. Indian J Med Res 136, August 2012, pp 265-271..

Abstract: Octamer-binding protein-4 (OCT4) is an embryonic stem cell marker essential for the maintenance of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and was believed to be crucial for progression of various human malignances (Jerabek et al., 2014). However, for the best of our knowledge comprehensive investigation of the role of OCT4 in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) has not been carried out. That is why; it seemed interesting to study expression of OCT4 in different grades of OED, to point out new marker that could be used for early detection of molecular changes prior to malignant transformation. A total of 84 adult male albino rats were selected. Our results showed a highly significant difference in area percentage of OCT4immunoexpression among the different experimental...........

Key words:OSCC, OED, OCT4,IHC.

[1]. AbdulMajeed, A. A., Dalley, A.J. and Farah, C.S. (2013). Putative Cancer Stem Cell Marker Expression in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine, 42(10); 755-760.
[2]. Alberts, B., Alexander, J. and Julian, L. (2015). Molecular Biology of the Cell, Sixth Edition ; Edited Walter. Garland Science : New York and Abingdon , UK , 1464 Pages with 1492 Illustrations.
[3]. Alexander, R.E., Liang, C. and David, J. (2013). Cytoplasmic Staining of OCT4 Is a Highly Sensitive Marker of Adrenal Medullary. The American Journal Of Surgical Pathology, 37(5); 727-733.
[4]. Andrejevic, S., Savary, J. and Fontolliet, C. (1996). Cell carcinoma in the Golden Syrian hamster : Evaluation of an Animal Model and Comparison with Early Forms of Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Upper Aero-digestive Tract. International Journal of Experimental Pathology, 77; 7-14.
[5]. Atlasi, Y., Seyed, J. and Ahmad, B. (2007). Short Report OCT-4 , an embryonic stem cell marker , is highly expressed in bladder cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 602; 1598-1602.

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is frequently encountered in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study we are going to see the co relation between Hba1c and diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes without systemic hypertension and coronary artery disease.Objective: To study the correlation between HbA1C levels with grades of diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic individuals. Methods: The study was conducted at the Institute Of Internal Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, and Madras Medical College, Chennai from March 2017 to February 2018. Study subjects includetype 2 diabetes under 60 yrs. Exclusion includes hypertension, coronary artery disease, pregnancy, other diabetic micro vascular and macro vascular complications. Results: It was found that the correlation between mean serum glycated hemoglobin levels and grades of diastolic dysfunction was statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001. As the level of Hba1c rises there is proportionate increase in diastolic dysfunction. Similarly there was statistical significance between hba1c and duration of diabetes, left ventricle mass and left atrial size.

[1]. Iribarren, C., et al. (2001) Glycemic control and heart failure among adult patients with diabetes. Circulation, 103, 2668-2673.
[2]. Voulgari CH, Tentolouris N, Moyssakis I, et al. Spatial QRS-T angle:association with diabetes and left ventricular performance. Eur J ClinInvest. 2006;36:608–613.

Abstract: Purpose: We sought to conduct prospective study on patients who had titanium miniplates inserted during treatment of ZMC fracture and to study the incidence and factors associated with plate removal. Patients and Methods: During a period of 2 years, 64, 2mm titanium miniplates plates were inserted in zygomaticofrontal suture (ZF) and zygomaticomaxillary (ZB) buttress region for isolated unilateral displaced non comminuted ZMC fracture into 32 patients over follow up period of 4 years. Data concerning indications of plating, age and sex distribution, site of plating, time between injury and plate insertion, time between plate insertion and removal, antibiotic prophylaxis, general medical factors and clinical conditions for plate removal were evaluated for all patients..........

Key words; complications, removal, rigid fixation, titanium miniplate, trauma.

[1]. Breme J. Steinhauser E. Paulus G. Commercially pure titanium Steinhauser plate –screw system for maxillofacial surgery. Biomaterials 1988; 9: 310-313.
[2]. Haug RH. Retention of asymptomatic bone plates used for orthognathic surgery and facial fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996; 54: 611-617.
[3]. Michelet FX, Deymes J, Dessus B. Osteosynthesis with miniaturised screwed plates in maxillo-facial surgery. J Maxillofac Surg1973; 1:79.
[4]. Champy M, Lodde JP, Schmidt R, et al. Mandibular osteosynthesis by miniature screwed plates via a buccal approach. J Maxillofac Surg 1978; 6: 14.
[5]. Langford RJ, Frame JW. Surface analysis of titianium maxillofacial plates and screws retrieved from patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 31:511.

Abstract: Background: This study was conducted to compare oral Nifedipine and intravenous Labetalol in control of acute hypertension in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. This study was observational study with 80 sample size in which 40 sample size treated with intravenous Labetalol and other 40 sample size treated with oral Nifedipine. The maternal and perinatal outcome in two groups sample size with oral Nifedipine and intravenous Labetalol compared and found that nevertheless these results do establish oral Nifedipine as an alternative to IV Labetalol in lowering BP in acute severe hypertension. In summary oral Nifedipine may be preferable as it has a convenient dosing pattern orally.........

Key words; Eclampsia, Intravenous labetalol, Oral Nifedipine, Severe pre-eclampsia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vadilal Sarabhai Hospital, Ahmedabad, India.

[1]. Naden RP, Redman CW. Antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy. ClinPernatol. 1985;12(3):521-38.
[2]. Ferrao MH, Pereira AC, Gersgorin HC, Paula TA, Correa RR, Castro EC. Treatment effectiveness of hypertension during pregnancy. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2006;52(6):390-4.
[3]. Fabry IG, Richart T, Chengz X, Bortel VLM, Staaessen JA. Diagnosis and treatment of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Act Clin Belg. 2010;65(4):229-36.
[4]. Ray JG, Vermeculen M, Burrows E, Burrows R. Use of antihypertensive medication in pregnancy and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes: McMaster outcome study of hypertension in pregnancy 2 (MOS HIP 2). BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2001;1:6-14.
[5]. Nakhai-Pour HR, Rey E, Berard A. Antihypertensive medication use during pregnancy and the risk of major congenital malformation or small-forgestational-age newborns. Birth Defects Res B DevReprodToxicol. 2010;89(2):147-54..

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess standard dynamic liver MRI in characterization of focal liver lesions. Material: We retrospectively study all liver MRI studies performed in imaging center of Imam Khomeini hospital between November 11, 2014 and October 10, 2016. Demographic data of patients and laboratory findings were recorded.140 patients with22l liver lesion1foca liver tumors underwent 3-T MRI examination with TSE T2WI (TR = 2000 ms; TE = 100 ms); GE T1WI (TR=176ms; TE=90ms); Dynamic imaging using T1 THRIVE was performed after bolus injection of 0.1mmol/kg body weight of Gd-DTPA at a rate of 2ml/s, flushed with 20ml of sterile 0.9% saline solution through the antecubital vein. The results were compared to laboratory, histopathology and other previous radiological (US&/or MSCT) findings done for all patients........

Key words; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, dynamic liver MRI, focal liver lesions

[1]. Cogley, J.R. and F.H. Miller, MR imaging of benign focal liver lesions. Radiologic clinics of North America, 2014. 52(4): p. 657-682.
[2]. Ronot, M., et al., Hepatocellular adenomas: accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and liver biopsy in subtype classification. Hepatology, 2011. 53(4): p. 1182-1191.
[3]. Nault, J.C., P. Bioulac–Sage, and J. Zucman–Rossi, Hepatocellular benign tumors—from molecular classification to personalized clinical care. Gastroenterology, 2013. 144(5): p. 888-902.
[4]. Grazioli, L., et al., Hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia: value of gadoxetic acid–enhanced MR imaging in differential diagnosis. Radiology, 2012. 262(2): p. 520-529.
[5]. Ramalho, M., et al., Characterization of adrenal lesions with 1.5-T MRI: preliminary observations on comparison of three in-phase and out-of-phase gradient-echo techniques. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2011. 197(2): p. 415-423..

Abstract: Objective: To compare the role of un-enhanced MRI in the differentiation of hemangioma and metastasis. Materials and methods:By performing a retrospective computerized search for all subjects who underwent liver in Medical Imaging center of Imam Khomeini hospital between February 2013 and April 2017, we identified 87 patients with hemangioma and metastasis ( 43 men and 44women;age, 18–86years; mean age 51.1 years). Patients were referred to this center for first assessment of ultrasound-detected liver lesions. None of patients received previous medical or interventional treatment of any nature. All patients with hemangioma and metastasis larger than 1.5 cm were included in the study. Patients with Immune deficiency, treated liver tumors were excluded from the study. Images analysis was done according to the difference in the signal intensity, site, shape, size of the lesions and........

Key words; Liver, un-enhanced MRI, hemangioma, metastasis.

[1]. Parikh, T., et al., Focal liver lesion detection and characterization with diffusion-weighted MR imaging: comparison with standard breath-hold T2-weighted imaging. Radiology, 2008. 246(3): p. 812-822.
[2]. Cieszanowski, A., et al., Characterization of focal liver lesions using quantitative techniques: comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient values and T2 relaxation times. European radiology, 2012. 22(11): p. 2514-2524.
[3]. Doblas, S., et al., Determination of malignancy and characterization of hepatic tumor type with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient and intravoxel incoherent motion–derived measurements. Investigative radiology, 2013. 48(10): p. 722-728.
[4]. Semelka, R.C., et al., Focal liver disease: comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced CT and T2-weighted fat-suppressed, FLASH, and dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging at 1.5 T. Radiology, 1992. 184(3): p. 687-694.
[5]. Hosny, I.A., Diffusion MRI of focal liver lesions. PJR, 2016. 20(1).

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Oral cancer is one of the major public health problems globally. It is most commonly seen in South and South East Asian countries such as India, Bangladesh, Taiwan, and Sri Lanka (World Health Organization, 1984). About 90% of oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. The prognosis of oral cancer is poor with lowest survival rates of <50%, within a 5-year period. Most of the oral cancers are preventable if people know which risk factors they must control or eliminate. Therefore, this study was aimed at obtaining initial baseline information on the level of oral cancer awareness among Nalgonda district rural population. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of awareness and knowledge of OC and OPMDs and their associated risk factors in rural population of Nalgonda.........

Key words; Oral Cancer, Tobacco, Malignant

[1]. Shenoy N, Ahmed J, Saranya B, Shenoy A, Kamath P, Srikant N. Oral cancer awareness among undergraduate medical students of Dakshina Kannada, India. Sch J App Med Sci 2013;1(5):632-636.
[2]. Monteiro LS, Salazar F, Pacheco J, Warnakulasuriya S. Oral cancer awareness and knowledge in the city of valongo, portugal. Int J Dent 2012;8.
[3]. Park JH, Slack-Smith L, Smith A, Frydrych AM, O'Ferrall I, Bulsara M. Knowledge and perceptions regarding oral and pharyngeal carcinoma among adult dental patients. Aust Dent J 2011;56:284-9.
[4]. Y Hassona, C Scully, A Almangush, Z Baqain1, F Sawair1 Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders among Dental Patients: a Pilot Study in Jordan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15 (23), 10427-10431.
[5]. Ariyawardana A, Vithanaarachchi N (2005). Awareness of oral cancer and precancer among patients attending a Hospital in Sri Lanka. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 6, 58-61..

Abstract: Background: The late- termpregnancy is used to define a pregnancy between 41 weeks and 41 weeks + 6 days, While pregnancy's at 42 weeks (294 days) and beyond are defined as post term, post dated or prolonged.Incidents of post dated pregnancy are approximately 10%. Methods: This study was retrospective observational study at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in Shree Balaji medical college and hospital in Chennai. This study was done to know the incidence of post dated pregnancy and maternal and fetal outcome in our hospital. Data was collected from hospital records and analysed..........

[1]. ACOG Practice Bulletin Number 146. Management of late-term and post term pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;124:390-6.
[2]. Fernando A. Prolonged pregnancy. In Nasim S Practical guide to high risk pregnancy and delivery. Noida: Elsevier; 2008:255-6.
[3]. Eik-Nes SH, Okland O, Aure JC, Ulstein M. Ultrasound screening in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 1984;567:1347. Arias F. Practical Guide to High Risk Pregnancyand Delivery. Mosby-year Book 2nd ed, 93;150-9.
[4]. Ratnam, SSK Bhasker Rao, S Arulkumaran.Obstetrics and Gynaecology for Post-Graduates.Orient Lengmen Ltd, India, 1994; Vol 2: 90-5.
[5]. Alan H Decherney, Lauren Nathan, T Murphy Goodwin, et al. Current Diagnosis and Treatment Obstetrics and Gynecologic. McGraw–Hill Medical Publishing Division., 10th ed, USA, 2007: 187-8,283-95...