iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ January. 2020

Abstract: According to WHO prevalence of epilepsy is 0.5-1%, one-fourth of the global population with epilepsy lives in developing countries like India. Vitamin d might have a role to play with regard to seizure control in epilepsy as well, the deficiency of vitamin d, which is found to be commonly prevalent among apparently healthy children, is found to be associated with epilepsy due to multiple factors. Many postulates had been suggested, including inducing cytochrome p450, and enzyme inhibition by anti-epileptic drugs. In this prospective observational study was done on children aged 2-16 years, who were on treatment for epilepsy. Both inpatients and outpatients in our hospital between august 2018 to July 2019.detailed history were taken, and a clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected for serum vitamin d (25ohd), calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and alkaline......

Key Words : Epilepsy, Vitamin D,

[1]. Chaudhuri JR, Mridula KR, Rathnakishore C, Balaraju B, Bandaru VS. Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency in Pediatric Epileptic Patients. Iran J Child Neurol. 2017; 11(2):48–56.
[2]. Santhosh NS, Sinha S, Satishchandra P. Epilepsy: Indian perspective. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2014; 17(Suppl 1):S3–11.
[3]. Lazzari AA, Dussault PM, Thakore-James M, Gagnon D, Baker E, Davis SA et al. Prevention of bone loss and vertebral fractures in patients with chronic epilepsy-antiepileptic drug and osteoporosis prevention trial. Epilepsia. 2013; 54:1997–2004.
[4]. Yu-Jin lee, park, Young Mi km .Longitudinal change of vitamin D status in children with epilepsy on antiepileptic drugs: prevalence and risk factors, 2015; 52(2):153-159.
[5]. Nettekoven S, Strohle A, Trunz B, Wolters M, Hoffmann S, Horn R, et al. Effects of antiepileptic drug therapy on vitamin D status and biochemical markers of bone turnover in children with epilepsy. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Dec; 167(12): 1369-77.

Abstract: Introduction: Epistaxis is a common clinical problem and is an uncomfortable experience that can cause great apprehension and anxiety in patients. Most nose bleed are benign, spontaneous and self-limiting. Epistaxis can range from minor bleed to profuse bleed that can be life threatening and warrant urgent medical attention. By this means it becomes necessary to study aetiology, age and sex incidence, seasonal variation, site and management of epistaxis. Materials and methods: Eighty six patients attending dept of ENT and emergency were taken for the study. First steps were taken to arrest bleeding and general condition of patients was improved. Then necessary investigations were done and treated accordingly.....

Keywords: Epistaxis, Emmergency, Hypertension, Nasal packing.

[1]. Swift AC, Bleier BS, Bhalla RK, Schlosser RJ (2013) Epistaxis: etiology, investigations and management. Rhinology and skull base surgery from the lab to the operating room: an evidence based approach. Thieme medical publisher, New York, USA. 507-523.
[2]. Viehweg TL, Roberson JB, Hudson JW (2006) Epistaxis: diagnosis andtreatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surgery 64(3): 511-518.
[3]. Varshney S, Saxena RK (2005) Epistaxis: a retrospective clinical study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 57(2): 125-129.
[4]. Watkinson JC (1997) Epistaxis. Scott-Brown's otolaryngologyrhinology, Butterworth-Heinemann, London. 1-19.
[5]. Roland NJ, McRae RDR, McCombe AW (2001) Key topics in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery, Bios Scientific Publishers, Oxford. 72

Abstract: Aniridia is a rare congenital bilateral condition that occurs as a result of abnormal neuroectodermal development secondary to a mutation in the PAX6 gene on chromosome 11p13 adjacent to WT1 gene mutation of which predisposes to Wilm's tumor. Our paper reports the diagnosis of this rare case in a 26 year old male patient based on clinical features.

Key Words : ANIRIDIA, MICROTIA, NYSTAGMUS.

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Abstract: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5-10% of all pregnancies. Along with hemorrhage and infection, it forms a deadly triad-that contributes mainly to maternal morbidity and mortality [1]. Visual system may be affected in 30-100% of patients with this disease. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are further complicated by coexisting fundoscopic changes.Our study aims to correlate fundoscopic changes in pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal outcome. This prospective observational study was carried out in 302 patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Study was conducted at OBG department during November 2017 and 2018. Incidence of hypertensive disorders in this institute was 8.91%.Out of 302 subjects with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 83(27.4%) had.....

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Abstract: The sternum is one of the skeletal parts, which shows a high frequency of anatomical variations on cross-sectional imaging and autopsy or cadaveric studies. Identification of sternal variations is important to differentiate them from pathological conditions and to prevent fatal complications prior to sternal interventions like marrow aspiration or acupuncture. Our study aims to evaluate the frequency of various anatomical variations of sternum and to demonstrate their appearance on MDCT. This record based cross sectional study was conducted in one hundred fifty patients who underwent thoracic MDCT examination prospectively and retrospectively over a period of 3years from September 2015 to September 2018.Out of 150 patients, the following major anatomical variations of sternum include24 patients (16%) showed xiphoid foramen,23 patients (15.3%) showed double ending xiphoid process,14 patients (9.3%) showed sterno xiphoid fusion and 12 patients (8%) showed elongated xiphoid process....

[1]. Kosuri Kalyan Chakravarthi, Siddaraju K. S, NelluriVenumadhav, et al.Anatomical and congenital variations of human dry sternum bone: its embryogenesis and clinical implications.Int J Res Med Sci. 2018 Jan;6(1):300-304.
[2]. Fokin AA. Cleft sternum and sternal foramen. Chest SurgClin North Am 2000; 10:261–276.
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[4]. Ogawa K, Fukuda H, Omori K. Suprasternal bone (author's translation). Nihon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi1979;53:155-64.
[5]. Keats TE, Anderson MW. Atlas of Normal Roentgenvariants that May Simulate Disease. 7th ed. Chicago, IL: Year Book; 2001. p. 438-49.

Abstract: With the growing numbers of children practicing thumb sucking habit globally, Nigerian neonates and infants are not excluded. Parents are the key factor in controlling child behavior. They play an important role in the prevention and proper controlling of thumb sucking habit in children. This research focuses on investigating the nursing mothers' awareness about thumb sucking habit among children and its role as a causative factor behind many orofacial defects as well as other related oral infections in Kano state of Nigeria. The level of interventions and different types of preventive measures they implement in managing of this habit was also considered. Structured questionnaires of 60 samples was constructed and randomly distributed among mothers of children with age ranging from 1-6 months and 3-5 years respectively. Data was collected from 3 local government areas in the state......

Keywords : Nursing mother, awareness, thumb sucking, Management, Kano state Nigeria.

[1]. http://www.jdorjournal.com/pdf/archives/Vol%2010%20issue%202%202014/Paper5.pdf
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[5]. http://www.jisppd.com/article.asp?issn=0970-4388;year=2016;volume=34;issue=3;spage=294;epage=297;aulast=Krishnappa

Abstract: Background-The present study was undertaken to study the clinical features and risk factors amongst patients presenting with allergic disorders. Methodology- The present study was a cross sectional study at Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hamidia Hospital Bhopal, for a period of 6 months. A detailed history pertaining to sociodemographic variables was obtained from all the patients and entered in a questionnaire. Presenting symptoms, addiction if any were also enquired about and noted. All the patients underwent thorough physical examination and systemic examination and findings were noted.......

Keywords : allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, allergic disorders, clinical features.

[1]. Mallol J, Crane J, von Mutius E, Odhiambo J, Keil U, Stewart A, ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase three: a global synthesis. Allergologia et immunopathologia. 2013 Mar 1;41(2):73-85.
[2]. Brunekreef B, Stewart AW, Anderson HR, Lai CK, Strachan DP, Pearce N, ISAAC Phase 3 Study Group. Self-reported truck traffic on the street of residence and symptoms of asthma and allergic disease: a global relationship in ISAAC phase 3. Environmental health perspectives. 2009 Jul 20;117(11):1791-8.
[3]. Wang DY. Risk factors of allergic rhinitis: genetic or environmental?. Therapeutics and clinical risk management. 2005 Jun;1(2):115.
[4]. Boye JI.A healthier children, A better world. World without allergy. Toronto: SickKids Foundation. Available from:https://www.sickkidsfoundation.com/artez/downloads/Allergy-Program-Summary.pdf
[5]. Bousquet J, Bousquet PJ, Godard P, Daures JP. The public health implications of asthma. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2005;83:548-54.

Abstract: Stylalgia is a pain syndrome occurring in connection with on elongated styloid process. 25 cases of stylalgia were diagnosed over a period of 2 years. The symptoms were throat pain during swallowing with referred otalgia the pain The diagnosis of stylalgia is based on symptoms, palpation of enlarged styloid process intraorally in the tonsillar region. Confirmation of enlarged styloid process is done by radiological examination of styloid process. Bilateral enlargement of styloid process were found in 10 patients (40%) and unilateral enlargement was found in 15 (60%) patients. All the patients were operated under general anaesthesia. It was seen that out of 15 cases , 12 patients symptoms improved after styloidectomy operation in unilateral enlarged cases, but in bilateral cases out of 10 cases 5 patient's complain was still there.

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[3]. Soldati AB, Miguelote C, Quero C, Pereira R, Santos R, Soares C. Eagle's syndrome. Arq Neuropsiquiatr.2013;71:265–266
[4]. More CB, Asrani MK. Evaluation of the styloid process on digital panoramic radiographs. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2010;20:261–265
[5]. Casale M, Rinaldi V, Quattrocchi C, Bressi F, Vincenzi B, Santini D, et al. Atypical chronic head and neck pain: don't forget Eagle's syndrome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2008;12:131–133

Abstract: Aim: To study etiology of corneal blindness and the distribution of corneal blindness according to age, sex, laterality and locality. Material & Methods: A hospital-based, retrospective study was conducted over a period of 6 months.75 patients with healed corneal lesions fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Cases were also sub-grouped on the basis of sex, laterality of the involved eye and locality of residence. Results: Out of 75 consecutive patients having corneal blindness, 45 were male (60 %) and 30 were female (40 %); 56 patients resided in rural area (74.67 %) and 19 were from urban area (25.33 %); involvement was unilateral in 69 patients (92 %) and bilateral in 6 patients (8 %). Cause of corneal blindness was found to be as following - Post infection -41.33 %, Trauma – 13.33 %, Chemical injury – 13.33 %, Xerophthalmia – 4 %, Corneal Dystrophy – 6.67 %, Corneal Degeneration – 9.33 % , Bullous Keratopathy – 8 % and Congenital – 4 %. Conclusion: The distribution of corneal blindness varies in different aspects like age, sex, occupation and locality.

Keywords: Bullous Keratopathy, xerophthalmia, blindness, dystrophy.

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Abstract: Twentieth Century has witnessed exceptional advances in technology which has brought scientific marvels into hospitals with unprecedented demand on medical services, particularly in areas such as surgery, clinical laboratory and radiological services1.While the physicians have in recent years acknowledged the desirability of providing more cost-effective medical care, this theoretical goal is infrequently attained in practice due to absence of adequate financial data in respect of alternative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies2.In an era of limited resources and unlimited demand for health care, health economists tend to weigh benefit against cost when making informed choices. Those responsible for allocating resources will need to prioritize between competing claims so that maximum benefit can be obtained from a given budget.3 Naikwadi (2015) reiterated the health care diagnostic segment is growing rapidly, creating a major market for manufacturing of medical equipment.

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Abstract: Background: Toothloss and its replacement have significant functional and psychosocial consequences. The removal of intra-dental and periodontal mechanoreceptors accompanying toothloss changes the fine proprioceptive control of jawfunction and influences the precision of magnitude, direction, and rate of occlusal load application. Implant-supported prostheses restore jawfunction more appropriately, with improved psychophysiological discriminatory ability and oral stereognosis. The term osseoperception describes the capability of developing a subtle tactile sensibility over dental implants. In this article, an attempt to discuss the various aspects regarding the perception of mechanical stimuli in the vicinity of osseointegrated oral implants have been done.

Key Words: Dental implants, osseointegration, osseoperception.

[1]. Enkling N, Heussner S, Nicolay C, Bayer S, Mericske-stern R, Utz K. Tactile Sensibility of Single-Tooth Implants and Natural Teeth Under Local Anesthesia of. 2009;273–81.
[2]. Klineberg I, Murray G. Osseoperception : sensory function and proprioception . 2019;1–2.
[3]. Batista M, Bonachela W, Soares J. Progressive recovery of osseoperception as a function of the combination of implant-supported prostheses. 2008;565–70.
[4]. Enkling N, Heussner S, Nicolay C, Bayer S, Mericske-stern R, Utz K. Tactile Sensibility of Single-Tooth Implants and Natural Teeth Under Local Anesthesia of the Natural Antagonistic Teeth. 2019;2019:1–16.
[5]. Peres MS, Chaves E, Rodriguez-Martinez J, Munoz-Soto E. Ridge expansion with motor driven bone expanders: A clinical case report. Eur J Gen Dent. 2015;4(1):12.

Abstract: Introduction and objectives: Sickle cell disease is the most common structural haemoglobin disorder in the world. Despite its apparently simple molecular aetiology, sickle cell disease has long been known to have remarkably variable clinical course, with complications involving many organs including the kidneys. This study was performed to find out the various renal impairment in SCD, to record their frequency and severity with observation of any decline in GFR with progress of time and to identify factors if any that accelerates its progression. Material and methods: 50 patients of SCD who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study and were assessed for presence of renal impairment with complete clinical examination, laboratory investigations which includes CBC,blood urea, serum creatinine,seum electrolytes,urine examination,24 hours urine protein, urine microalbumin, imaging study of kidney and followed up with serial blood urea, serum creatinine and eGFR values....

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