iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ January. 2020

Abstract: Inferior turbinate hypertrophy is one of the major causes of chronic nasal obstruction. Cases that do not respond to medical treatment need surgical management . Out of various surgical procedure to reduce the size of inferior turbinate , partial inferior turbinectomy and submucosal diathermy are common. We attempted to study their merits and demerits over one another. Materials and method: Prospective and randomized controlled study had been carried out at Silchar Medical College and Hospital for a period of one year . the study comprised of fifty patients in age group 20 to 50 years which were randomly divided into two groups. Patients were operated under local anaesthesia and a note of post-op nasal pain , nasal bleeding , degree of intra nasal crusting , degree of tissue healing , dryness of nasal mucosa , atrophic rhinitis and nasal obstruction was taken. Results were analysed using standard statistical tests......

Key Words: partial inferior turbinectomy , submucosal diathermy,inferior turbinated hypertrophy

[1]. Yanezc, Mora N, Inferior turbinate debriding technique: ten year results. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008 ; 138 : 170-5
[2]. Ogawa T, Takeno S, Ishino T, Hirakawa K. Submucous turbinectomy combined with posterior nasal neurectomy in the management of severe allergic rhinitis: clinical outcomes and local cytokine changes. Auris Nasus Larynx 2007 ; 34 : 319- 26
[3]. Magarey MJ, Jayaraj SM, Saleh HA, Sandison A. Ball valve nasal obstruction following incomplete inferior turbinectomy. J Laryngol Otol. 2004 ; 118 : 146-7
[4]. Khan N, Arshad M, Ahmad T, Ashfaq M. Total inferior turbinectomy for hypertrophic inferior turbinates: postoperative results in 135 patients. Pak Armed Forces Med J 2005 ; 55 : 187- 92
[5]. Qureshi N. Role of partial inferior turbinectomy in nasal obstruction. J Rawal Med Coll 2006 ; 10 : 70-2.

Abstract: Aim: To compare the decrease in TSB concentration during phototherapy in infants treated in supine position exclusively verses infants alternated between exposure in supine &prone position every third hour. Method: A total of 96 infants with nonhemolytic hyperbilibruinemia but otherwise healthy and gestational age > 34 week was randomized to one of the treatment groups. All neonates received phototherapy for 24h. TSB was measured at start of phototherapy and after 12 and 24 hr. of treatment. Results: No statistically significant differences in the decrease in TSB were observed between the two treatment groups. At 12h of therapy, TSB decreased 30% in both group and at 24 hr 50% and 51% respectively. Conclusion: The decrease in TSB was not significantly associated with positioning of the neonates during phototherapy in supine position or in alternating with supine & prone position.

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[4]. Shinewal ES, Sciaky Y, Karplus M. Effect of Position Change in Bilirubin Level during Phototherapy. J Perinatal2002;22:226-9.
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Abstract: Background- Adolescent ,constitute 21% world population, is a vibrating phase of human life and effective age group of physical ,psychological and social development of man .In the present study- assess the nutritional and morbidity status of adolescents residing at kalabagan ,slum area of alamganjburdwan .Materials & Methods-The descriptive observational & cross sectional design study was conducted at kalabagan slum at alamganj , Burdwan , among 366 adolescents , from October to December 2014 with the help of the predesigned pretested semi structured questionnaires , anthropometric measurement , clinical assessment and health records .Results- The present study we found 266 adolescents out of which 138(51.88%)were boys and 128 (48.12%)were girls. Mean age of the adolescent was.....

Key Word – Adolescents, Nutritional Status, Morbidity,Addiction

[1]. Adesina AF, Peterside O, Anochie I, Akani NA. Weight status of adolescent in secondary school in port Harcourt using body mass index. Italian JPediatr. 2012;38:31.
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Abstract: Introduction: Pleural effusion is accumulation of excess quantity of fluid within the pleural space due to excess formation or when there is decrease fluid removal by the lymphatic. Objective: To describe the clinical feature, radiological finding, and laboratory data children of age 0-12 year and to find out etiological agents determine treatment outcome. Materials and methods: Hospital based cross-sectional prospective observational study in children from 0 to 12 years of age with diagnosis of pleural effusion in pediatric ward of Regional Institute of Medical sciences, Imphal from September 2017 to August 2019.....

[1]. Dutta V, Khyriem AB, Bora I, Barman H, Lyngdoh WV. Bacteriological profile of pleural fluid among the pediatric population in a tertiary care centre-a retrospective analysis. Int J Health Sci Res 2015;5(9):167-74.
[2]. Givan DC and Elgen H. Common pleural effusions in children. Clin Chest Med 1998;19(2):363-71.
[3]. Moclein H and Fischer GB. Epidemiology, presentation and treatment of pleural effusion PaediatrRespir Rev 2002;3(4):292-7.
[4]. Shaff HS, Beyers N, Gie RP, Nel ED, Smuts NA, Scott FE, et al. Respiratory tuberculosis in childhood:the diagnostic value of clinical features and special investigation. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995;14(3):189-94.
[5]. Mattei P and Allen JL. Treatment of empyema in children from hippocrates'time to present, and back again. Am J RespirCrit Care Med 2006;174(2):110-1..

Abstract: Systemic sclerosis is a complex and clinically heterogeneous orphan disease with protean clinical manifestations. It affects multiple organ systems. Liver is rarely affected in systemic sclerosis 1. But occurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis is found to coexist in approximately 2.5 – 3 % of cases of systemic sclerosis2. This rare association is called as Reynolds syndrome. Here we report a case of Reynolds syndrome

[1]. Kaspar DL,HauserSL,JamesonJL,Fauci AS,Longo DL,Loscalzo J.Harrison's principles of internal medicine 19th ed.McGraw-Hill ;2015.p.2154-65
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[3]. SIMOES, M., ALVES, P., ESPERTO, H., BARBOSA, B., SANTOS, L., COSTA, J.. A Case of Reynolds Syndrome: Scleroderma and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Overlap Syndrome. Journal of Medical Cases, North America, 2, aug. 2011.
[4]. Rigamonti C, Shand LM, Feudjo M, et al Clinical features and prognosis of primary biliary cirrhosis associated with systemic sclerosisGut 2006;55:388-394

Abstract: Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered to be associated with moderate intensity pain and intense stress response1. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a fascial plane block providing postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. As a multimodal strategy, TAP Block effectively reduces postoperative pain and decrease opiod consumption. I.V. Dexmedetomidine17isknown to attenuate stress response in patients undergoing Laparoscopic surgery. Aim: We hypothesised that addition of dexmedetomidine to Ropivacaine will prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia as well as attenuate the stress response during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Sixty American society of Anaesthesiologists.....

Keywords: SUB Costal Transversus Abdominis Plane(Tap)Block, Ropivacaine,Dexmedetomidine,Stress Response Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

[1]. Buunen M, Gholghesaei M, Veldkamp R, Meijer DW, Bonjer HJ, Bouvy ND. Stress response to laparoscopic surgery. Surg Endosc. 2004;18(7):1022–8.
[2]. Maze M, Tranguilli W. Alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists: defining the role in clinical anaesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1991;74(3):581–605.
[3]. Sarvesh B, Shivaramu BT, Sharma K, Agarwal A. Addition of Dexmedetomidine to Ropivacaine in subcostal transversus abdominis plane block potentiates postoperative analgesia among laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Anesth Essays Res. 2018;12(4):809–13.
[4]. Xue Y, Yuan H, Chen Y. Effects of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct in transversus abdominis plane block during gynecological laparoscopy. Exp Ther Med. 2018;16(2):1131–6.
[5]. Sinha S, Palta S, Saroa R, Prasad A. Comparison of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block with bupivacaine and ropivacaine as adjuncts for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Indian J Anaesth2016;60:264-9.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Asthma is one of the commonest chronic disease in pediatric age group. It results in episodic airflow obstruction. Asthma management is aimed at decreasing airway inflammation. Hypersensitivity or susceptibility to a variety of provocative exposures or triggers can lead to airway inflammation. Objectives: To study the clinical profile and identifying common triggers of asthma exacerbations in children visiting a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at tertiary care centre in Jharkhand between Jan. 2015 to June 2016. Inclusion criteria was children...

KEYWORDS: Asthma exacerbation, Risk factors, Becker score, Respiratory infections, Allergens

[1]. Global Initiative for Asthma. Pocket guide for asthma management and prevention. Available at: https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/wms-Main-pocket-guide-2017.pdf.Accesed on 19 Jun 2019.
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[3]. Glick AF, Tomopoulos. S, Fierman AH et al. Disparities in mortality and morbidity in pediatric asthma hospitalizations; 2007 to 2011. Acad. Pediatr. 2016 July; 16(5): 430-437
[4]. Shivakumar R.A Clinical profile and factors associated with bronchial asthma in pediatric patients at tertiary health care centre. International medical Journal. 2016 July; 3 (7):647-649
[5]. BalajiMd, Nair AK. Clinical profile and triggers of childhood asthma among patients diagnosed at pediatric asthma clinic. International Journal of Preventive and Therapeutic medicine. 2015 Jun 28;2(3).

Abstract: Introduction: Screening and diagnostic efforts for breast cancer are critical because the disease has a high rate of successful outcomes with early identification and treatment. The mammography (MG) and Ultrasonography/ ultrasound (USG) are individually effective diagnostic modalities for detection of breast pathologies. Materials and Methods: A prospective study on 100 patients carried out to evaluate breast lesions using digital Mammography and ultrasonography (USG) independently and in combination with fine‑needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) correlation at Coimbatore medical college Hospital......

Keywords: mammography, FNAC, benign breast lesions, malignant breast lesions

[1]. American Cancer Society. Statistics for 2009. Available from: https://www.who.int/cancer/prevention/diagnosis-screening/breast-cancer/en/
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Abstract: Introduction: Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is still challenging.Number of mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli present in tissues is often low and it is difficult to obtain clinical specimens from deep seated organs.Depends on culture though it is mainstay of diagnosis is time consuming and patient care is compromised. Aims and Objective:The routinely used methods(cytology and smear microscopy) have suboptimal sensitivity in diagnosing extrapulmonary TB.The current study is carried out to study and assess the role of Gene- expert in diagnosing and to know the resistance in extrapulmonary TB within 2 hrs. Methods: It is a prospective study conducted in department of.....

Key Words: CBNAAT,Extrapulmonary TB,Rifampicin resistance,CSF,Pleural Fluid

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Abstract: Drug resistant TB is a global health problem and is a menacing threat especially in developing countries like India.The emergence of drug resistant TB is due to incomplete or improper treatment,resulting in a hindrance in the TB controlling programs in India.The most common causes of acquired drug resistance inM.tuberculosisare inadequate chemotherapeutic regimens and noncompliance by patients during therapy. Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) is a recently introduced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method for detection of TB.

[1]. Singla R, Sarin R, Khalid UK, et al. Seven-year DOTS- Plus pilot experience in India: Results, constraints and issues. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13:976-81.
[2]. WHO Policy statement: automated real-time nucleic acid amplification technology for rapid and simultaneous detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF system 2011.
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Abstract: Introduction: Hydroxyapatite is the mineral crystalline form of calcium and phosphorus found in the enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone. Bleaching has been known to alter the enamel matrix because of the strong oxidizing effect of hydrogen peroxide and can cause significant mineral loss and decrease in surface hardness. The microscopic loss of tooth structure resulting from this procedure is reversible, and remineralization may be attempted.The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization efficacy of self-assembling peptide curodont on bleached enamel. Materials and method....

Keywords: Self assembling peptide P11-4, Vickers microhardness testing machine, curodont, bleaching .

[1]. Llena C, Esteve I, Forner L. Effect of Hydrogen and Carbamide Peroxide in Bleaching, EnamelMorphology, and Mineral Composition: In vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(7):576-582
[2]. Rajesh AG, Ranganath LM, Kumar KS, Rao BS. Surface morphological changes in human enamel following bleaching: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2012;13:405‑15
[3]. Kaur G, Sanap AU, Aggarwal SD, Kumar T. Comparative evaluation of two different remineralizing agents on the microhardness of bleached enamel surface: Results of an in vitro study. Indian J Dent Res. 2015;26:176-9
[4]. Brunton PA, Davies RP, Burke JL, Smith A, Aggeli A, Brookes SJ, Kirkham J. Treatment of early caries lesions using biomimetic self-assembling peptides–a clinical safety trial. British dental journal. 2013 Aug;215(4):E6.
[5]. Kirkham J, Firth A, Vernals D, Boden N, Robinson C, Shore RC, Brookes SJ, Aggeli A. Self-assembling peptide scaffolds promote enamel remineralization.Journal of dental research. 2007 May;86(5):426-30.

Abstract: Background: The typhoid ileal perforation is a common emergency seen in a developing countries and the management is challenging and is associated with high morbidity. Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the mode of presentation and outcome of management in Bida. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of patients who had operation for typhoid intestinal perforation at Federal Medical Centre, Bida between January 2017 and December 2018. Result: There were 71 patients with clinical and intraoperative diagnosis of typhoid ileal perforation during the study period. The age ranges from 2 to 41 years and their median age was 15 years. There were 40 (56.4%) males and 31 (43.6.5%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.3: 1. Fever 66 (92.9%) and abdominal pain 65(91.1%) were the two common symptoms. Most of the 27(38.0%) patients had surgery within 12–24 hours of admission.....

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Abstract: Background: Poisoning in children is a major public health issue worldwide. Pediatric poisoning is a preventable cause of morbidity & mortality in whole world. According to WHO the estimated death under age of 20yrs by acute poisoning is annually 45000. According to previous studies mortality rate of poisoning range from 3-5%. In developing countries like India these acute poisoning has major impact on economy of the country as well as quality of life of survivor and their family. The pattern of acute poisoning vary according to demographic profile. This study will help in planning proper preventive measures to lower down the morbidity and mortality.....

Keywords: Acute poisoning, Intentional poisoning, Suicide, Epidemiological study, Jharkhand

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