iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ January. 2020

Abstract: Background: An adverse cutaneous reaction caused by a drug is any undesirable change in the structure or function of the skin, its appendages, or mucous membranes, and it encompasses all adverse events related to drug eruption, regardless of the etiology. Aim: To study the prevalence and various clinical presentations of CADR among patients attending the DVL outpatient department (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: 75 patients with adverse cutaneous drug reactions were included who came to Dept. of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy at Government General Hospital, Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool from November 2018 to November 2019. A thorough history.....

Key Words: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions, FDE, NSAIDs

[1]. Geneva. World Health Organization; 2002. World Health Organization. Safety of medicines ‑ A guide to detecting and reporting adverse drug reactions‑Why health professionals need to take actions. Available from: http://apps.who.int/ medicinedocs/en/d/Jh2992e/6.html. {last accessed on 2018 Oct 23].
[2]. Hu R, Golder S, Yang G, Li X, Wang D, Wang L, et al. Comparison of drug safety data obtained from the monitoring system, literature, and social media: An empirical proof from a Chinese patent medicine. PLoS ONE 2019;14(11):e0222077.
[3]. Breathnach SM. Drug Reactions. In. Tony Burns, Stephen Breathnach, Neil Cox, Christopher Griffiths editor. In: Rook's Textbook of dermatology,8th ed. Wiley-Blackwell publications.; 2010. page 4(75):75.1-177.
[4]. Hede SS, Diniz RS, Agshikar NV, Dhume VG. Pattern of prescribed and OTC drugs in north Goa. Indian J Pharmacol 1987;19:145-8.
[5]. Hunziker T, Künzi UP, Braunschweig S, Zehnder D, Hoigné R. Comprehensive hospital drug monitoring (CHDM): Adverse skin reactions, a 20-year survey. Allergy 1997;52:388-93.

Abstract: Aim:To compare safety and effectiveness of lichtenstein repair under local anaesthesia versus spinal anaesthesia in relation with post operative pain , complications and hospital stay Materials And Methods:This propective study of 50 cases of unilateral inguinal hernia admitted in Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital , Salem was done in the period from DECEMBER 2015 to SEPTEMBER 2017.The cases were evaluated through proper history taking , clinical examination, operative procedure and post operative follow ups. Observation: In our study the mean age in group A was 44.36+/-11.69 and in group B was 40.44+/-10.18.Incidence of indirect inguinal hernia was.....

[1]. Callesen T, Bech K, Kehlet H. One thousand consecutive inguinal hernia repairs under unmonitored local anaesthesia. AnesthAnalg 2001; 93: 1373 – 61
[2]. Beadles CA, Meagher AD, Charles AG. Trends in emergent hernia repair in the United States. JAMA Surg. 2015;150:194-200.
[3]. Mehta A, Hutfless S, Blair AB, Dwarakanath A, Wyman CI, Adrales G, et al. Emergency department utilization and predictors of mortality for inpatient inguinal hernia repairs. J Surgical Res. 2017;212:270-7.
[4]. O' Dwyer PJ, Serpell MG, Millar K, et al. Local or general anaesthesia for open hernia repair. A randomized trial. Annals of Surgery 2003; 237: 574-910th Ed, McGraw Hill, 2015: 1495.
[5]. Zogbi L. An easier Lichtenstein hernioplasty: Springer-VerlagFrance SAS, part of Springer

Abstract: Backgound: Peritrochanteric fractures are those occurring in the region extending from the extracapsular basilar neck region to the region along the lesser trochanter before the development of the medullary canal.2. The focus of surgical research regarding internal fixation in the late twentieth century was to minimize implant failure and avoidance of cut-out of the femoral head and neck fixation components. Because many of these fractures are associated with osteoporosis, the current paradigm shift regarding hip fracture care relates to optimization of fracture reduction and new designs of implant component fixation in osteoporotic bone with conceptual design changes in fixation stability and augmentation of the bone-implant interface. The Proximal Femur Locking Compression Plate is a recently developed......

Key Word: Proximal femur locking compression plate;intertrochanteric femur fracture;Harris hip score

[1]. Dieter M. Lindskog, MD and Michael R. Baumgaertner, MD. Unstable Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures in the Elderly. J Am Acad Orthop Surg May/June 2004 vol. 12 no. 3 179-19.
[2]. Thomas A.Russell. INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES, Rockwood and Green's Fractures in Adults, 7th edition, chapter 48, pages 1597-1640
[3]. Cummings SR, Nevitt MC. A hypothesis: the causes of hip fractures. J Gerontol 1989; 44(4):M107-111
[4]. David G. LaVelle.Fractures and Dislocations of Hip, Canale and Beaty: Campbells Operative Orthopedics, 11th edition, chapter 52, pages 3239-3261
[5]. `Singh M, Nagrath AR, Maini PS. Changes in trabecular pattern of the upper end of the femur as an index of osteoporosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1970;52:457-467...otfried Y. The lateral trochanteric wall clin orthop.2004;425 :82-86

Abstract: Introduction: Controlled hypotension or induced hypotension is a technique to reduce the blood loss and the necessity of blood transfusion during surgery by improving the visibility of surgical site and decreasing the arterial blood pressure until hypotension isreached Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the ENT Departments of Government Vellore Medical College and Hospital, Vellore after obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval. Sample size was determined based on the study "Comparison between Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulphate in controlled hypotension during cortical Mastoidectomy surgery". In this study Dexmedetomidine can provide more effective controlled hypotension and thus contributes to improved visibility of the surgical site than Magnesium Sulphate. Results: There was no statistical difference between the mean ages between the two groups (30.32±1.03 vs 30.19±1.06; p value 0.931). The.....

Key Words: Controlled hypotension, dexmedetomidine, Cortical Mastoidectomy Surgery

[1]. Degoute CS. Controlled hypotension: a guide to drug choice.Drugs.2007;67:1053-76.
[2]. Guven DG, Demiraran Y, Sezen G, et al. Evaluation of outcomesin patients given dexmedetomidine in functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Ann OtolRhinolLaryngol.2011;120:586-92.
[3]. Marchal JM, Gomez-LuqueA, Martos-Crespo F, et al. Clonidine decreases intraoperative bleeding in middle ear microsurgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand.2001;45:627-33.
[4]. Piper SN, Suttner SW, Maleck WH, et al. Effects of sodium nitroprusside induced controlled hypotension onpancreatic function assessed by pancreatitis-associated protein in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2002;19:609-13.
[5]. Elsharnouby NM, Elsharnouby MM. Magnesium sulfate as a technique of hypotensive anesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2006;96:727- 31.

Abstract: Neonatal tumors are usually prenatally diagnosed or within the first 30 days of life. The true incidence of neonatal tumors is unknown as a great number of pregnancies with a prenatally diagnosed mass result in stillbirth or miscarriage. Most solid neonatal tumors are benign whereas less than 50% of neonatal neoplasms are malignant; however, some tumors with malignant patterns may histologically show benign behaviors. The incidence of malignant tumors is 1 in every 12,500-27,500 live births, accounting for 2% of all childhood cancers. Teratomas are the most common perinatal neoplasms, accounting for 25-33% of the cases. Around two-thirds of all sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are reported in the neonatal period but with a small risk of malignancy. Case report: Herein, we reported......

[1]. Cho SH, Hong SC, Lee JH, et al. Total laparoscopic resection of primary Larde Retroperitoneal Teratoma Resemlbing an Ovarian Tumor in an Adult. J Minim Invasive Gynaecol. 2008;15:384–86. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[2]. Park YJ. Multiple Presacral Teratomas in an 18-year-old Girl. J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 2011;27(2):90–93. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[3]. Keslar P, Buck J, Suarez E. From the archives of the AFIP. Radio Graphics. 1994;14:607–20. [Google Scholar]
[4]. Golas MM, Gunawan B, Raab BW, et al. Malignant transformation of an untreated congenital sacrococcygeal teratoma: a amplification at 8q and 12p detected by comparative genomic hybrydyzation. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010;197(1):95–98.[PubMed] [Google Scholar]
[5]. Paramythiotis D, Papavramidis T, Michalopoulos A, et al. Chronic constipation due to presacral teratoma in a 36-year-old woman: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2010;4:23. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar

Abstract: Neonatal or infantile erythroderma is a rare condition. The causes of erythroderma in this age group are different from that in adult and difficult to establish due to poor specificity of clinical and laboratory findings. It requires urgent attention as it can become life threatening if misdiagnosed or mismanaged.

Keywords: neonate , infant , erythroderma , leiner"s disease, biotin

[1]. Wong KS, Wong SN, Tham SN, Giam YC. Generalise dexfoliative dermatitis: A clinical study of 108 patients. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1988;17:520‑3.
[2]. Shuster S, Wilkinson P. Protein metabolism in exfoliative dermatitis and erythroderma. Br J Dermatol 1963;75:344‑53.

Abstract: Introduction: The health care burden related to breast carcinoma has been steadily mounting and has become one of the leading cause of death among women in the world . Utility of application of cell block in has emerged as a reproducible method for diagnosing breast carcinoma while core needle biopsy is becoming increasingly popular. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of various types of breast carcinoma by FNAC, Cell block preparation and core-needle biopsy (CNB). Materials and Methods: In 60 patients with a clinical suspicion of breast carcinoma, fine needle aspirations, cell block and core needle biopsy were carried out using standard technique and were evaluated by observational study with cross sectional design. The excision biopsy was taken as the gold standard of diagnosis....

Keyword: FNAC, Cell block, Core needle biopsy , Breast carcinoma.

[1]. Lester SC . The breast . In KumarV, Abbas AK, Aster JC , Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease , South asia edition. New Delhi, Reed Elsevier India Private Limited Publishers,2014; 1043-70.
[2]. Chlebowski RT, Andreson GL, Lance D, Zoppi JK, Patel S. Estrogen plus progestin and breast cancer incidence and mortality in post menopausal women.JAMA. 2010, 304 (15): 1131-6.
[3]. S. Mizuno, S. Isaji, T. Ogawa, M. Tabata, K. Yamagiwa, H. Yokoi, and S. Uemoto, Approach to fine-needle aspiration cytology-negative cases of breast cancer. Asian J Surg 2005(2):13–17.
[4]. Collins LC, Connolly JL, Page DL, Goulart RA, Pisano ED, Fajardo LL et al : Diagnostic agreement in the evaluation of image-guided breast core needle biopsies: results from a randomized clinical trial. Am J Surg Pathol 2004; 28:126-31.
[5]. Silverman JF, Masood S, Ducatman BS, Wang HH, SneigeN. Can FNA biopsy separate atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma of the breast? Cytomorpho-logic criteria and limitations in diagnosis. Diagn Cytopathol 1993;9:713– 28.

Abstract: The pre-adjusted edgewise system, a widely employed technique requires optimal bracket positioning to ensure a successful outcome.1,2 There has been paucity in modifications of bracket positioning gauges in terms of ease in manufacturing,readily available chair-side materials and positioning the brackets in all three planes. In view of this we have modified a straight explorer with a rotating grid of dimensions 1cm x 1cm which is attached to it by a needle soldered to a piece of band crimped around the edge of the grid. This ensures optimal bracket positioning in all three planes with an easy chair-side fabrication.

[1]. David Armstrong, Gang Shen, Peter Petocz, M. Ali Darendeliler. A comparison of accuracy in bracket positioning between two techniques—localizing the centre of the clinical crown and measuring the distance from the incisal edge. Eur J Orthod2007; 29:430–436.
[2]. Peter V. Fowler.Variations in the Perception of Ideal Bracket Location and its Implications for the Pre-adjusted Edgewise Appliance, Br J Orthod 1990;17: 305-310.
[3]. McLaughlin RP, Bennett JC, Trevisi HG. Systemized Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics. Mosby, London; 2001.
[4]. Sharma NS , Shrivastava SS, Hazarey PV.A new 2D bracket-positioning gauge. J Indian Orthod Soc 2011;45:202-4.
[5]. Ambekar A, Agrawal KD, Madansure A, Sonawane M.A-KAM, bracket positioning device. J Indian Orthod Soc 2018;52:147-8.

Abstract: Duration of appropriate antibiotic therapy for neonatal sepsis does not have evidence-based guidelines. The current recommendations have never been scientifically evaluated. Untested approaches could result in the unnecessary use of antibiotics leading to prolonged hospitalization, mother infant separation, emergence of drug resistant strains and increase cost of care. In uncomplicated probable neonatal sepsis, prolonged antibiotic therapy effect bacterial colonization and immune activation after birth which could have implications later risk of allergy and asthma.

[1]. Nelson textbook of paediatrics ,19 th edition
[2]. Cloherty and Clarke manual of neonatal care
[3]. Avery's diseases of the Newborn
[4]. Klein JO .bacterial sepsis and meningitis 5thedition Philadelphia ; WB saunders
[5]. Robertson "s textbook of neonatology

Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the role of Triplex Doppler in the planning of AV Fisulas. Material And Methods: 50 patients planned for Hemodialysis were evaluated. All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical evaluation, and radiological assessment using triplex doppler . Results: Factors affecting patency of AV access in our study were Co-morbid conditions: Diabetes, Hypertension & Atherosclerosis.Pre-operative imaging and diagnosis of Pre-thrombotic veins, Thrombo-phlebitis with assessment of Atherosclerotic and diseased arteries. Venous factors such as Diameter and distensibility with lumen patency was assessed. Arterial factors such as Diameter, Peak systolic flow velocities and atherosclerosis....

Keywords: Triplex doppler, CKD,HD, AVF

[1]. Pradeep Arora MD et al. CKD and Hypertension during Long-Term Follow-Up in Children and Adolescents,Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2015
[2]. Epidemiology of type II Diabetes Mellitus: Indian scenario Ind J med Res 125, Mar 2007; pg217-236
[3]. George E Smith et al- Factors affecting the patency of AV fistula for dialysis access. Journal of vascular surgery 2012;55;849-855
[4]. Surendra Shenoy et al Ultrasound as a tool for pre-op planning, monitoring and interventions in dialysis AV access. AJR2013;201: W539-W543
[5]. KDOQI Clinical practice guidelines for Chronic Kidney disease: Evaluation. Classification and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002,39(Pg1-266)

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the role of computed tomography in the evaluation of Acute Pancreatitis. Materials& Methods: This study was conducted in Department of Radio-diagnosis in Government general hospital Kakinada between January 2019 to July 2019. This study comprised of 50 cases on clinical suspicion/diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis. Results: Edematous pancreatitis was in 48% patients and pancreatic necrosis was in 32% patients. Other features like diffuse/focal pancreatic enlargement in (76%), peri-pancreatic fat stranding in (72%) and peri-pancreatic fluid collection in (20%). The accuracy and sensitivity of CT in the diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis was 100% accuracy and sensitivity....

Keywords: Computed tomography, Acute pancreatitis, Modified CT severity index, Pancreatic necrosis

[1]. Banks PA. Practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1996; 92:377-386.
[2]. Carl Z, Pallie W. Correlative anatomy and computed tomography: A module on the pancreas and posterior abdominal wall. Radiographics. 1981 may; 1:61-83.
[3]. Haaga JR, Dogra V, Forsting M, Gilkeson R, Kwon Ha H, Sundaram M. CT and MR imaging of the whole body. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2003.p.1599–1667.
[4]. Rizzo R, Szucs R, Turner M. Congenital abnormalities of the pancreas and biliary tree in adults. Radiographics. 1995 Jan;15:49-68.
[5]. Kasper D, Brawnwald E, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson L, et al. Harrison's principles of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008.p.1895-1905.